高考英语一轮复习讲义（课前基础导练+课堂互动探究+课后知能提升）Unit 5 First aid 新人教版必修5

Unit5Firstaid晨背三部曲（话题：世界与环境）经典词汇1.actionn．行为2．harmonyn.和谐3．environmentn.环境4．existencen.生存5．energyn.能量；精力6．pollutev.污染7．threatenv.威胁8．totallyadv.完全地9．badlyadv.严重地10．effectiveadj.有效的11．severelyadv.严重地12．low­carbonadj.低碳的13．reusableadj.可再使用的14.renewableadj.可再生的15．resultin导致16.adjustto适应17．amajorityof大多数18．takemeasures采取措施19．tomakemattersworse使事情更糟糕的是20．prevent...from...阻止……免于……21．formahabitof...养成……的习惯22．leave...behind把……抛于脑后23．beashamedof对……感到羞耻热身体验连词成句1．they,notonly...butalso...,harm,themselves,causetrouble,others(用倒装句式)Not_only_do_they_harm_themselves_but_also_they_may_cause_trouble_to_others.2．us,takemeasures,time，prevent...from...,earth,getwarmer(用it作形式主语)It's_time_for_us_to_take_measures_to_prevent_the_earth_from_getting_warmer./It's_(high)_time_that_we_took_measures_to_prevent_the_earth_from_getting_warmer.Ⅰ.词海拾贝基础记忆1．aidn．&vt.帮助；援助；资助2．temporaryadj.暂时的；临时的3．bleedvi.&vt.流血4．vitaladj.至关重要的；生死攸关的5．poisonn.毒药；毒害vt.毒害；使中毒6．squeezevt.&vi7．pourvt.&vi8．complexadj.复杂的9．ceremonyn.典礼；仪式；礼节10．injuryn．损伤；伤害→injurev．损伤；伤害11．varietyn．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→variousadj.各种各样的12．unbearableadj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的→bearableadj.可忍受的；忍受得住的→bearvt.容忍；忍受13．braveryn．勇敢；勇气→braveadj.勇敢的；有勇气的14．mildadj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的→mildlyadv.轻微地；温和地15．swellvi.&vt.(使)膨胀；隆起→swollenadj16．tightadj.牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightlyadv.紧地；牢牢地17．firmadj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmlyadv.坚固地；稳定地18．treatvt.&vi.治疗；对待；款待n．款待；招待→treatmentn待遇19．applyvt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使用；有效→applicationn．申请(书)→applicantn．申请人20．pressuren．压力；挤压；压迫(感)→pressv．挤压；压迫语境记忆21．Hetreatedhimselftoalongholidaybeforehereceivedaspecialtreatmentforhisnose.(treat)22．LiuLiisanewgraduatefromShandongUniversity.Sheappliedtoabigcompanyforapostlastweek.Theinterviewersaidherapplicationwasthebestamongalltheapplicantsandthatshewashired.LiuLidecidedto篇章记忆Suchsymptomsashighfever,highbloodpressure,choke,spiritualinjury,foodpoisoningcandamageone'shealth.Firstaidisakindoftemporarytreatmentbeforetheambulancecomes.Ⅱ.短语互译1.(对伤患者的)急救first_aid2．烧伤get_burned3．触电；电休克electric_shock4．榨出；挤出squeeze_out5．区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用make_a_difference6．fallill生病7．overandoveragain反复；多次8．inplace在适当的位置；适当9．anumberof若干；许多10．putone'shandson找到Ⅲ.句型一览1.as引导的非限制性定语从句Soas_you_can_imagine(正如你们可以想象的),ifyourskingetsburneditcanbeveryserious.2．if省略句和unless引导的条件状语从句Removeclothingusingscissorsif_necessary(如果需要的话)unless_it_is_stuck_to_the_burn(除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上)．3．bedoing...when...正在做……这时突然……Johnwas_studying(正在学习)inhisroomwhen(这时突然)heheardscreaming.4．There'snodoubtthat...毫无疑问……There_is_no_doubt_that(毫无疑问)John'squickthinkingandthefirstaidskillshelearnedatschoolsavedMsSlade'slife.Ⅳ.语法自测——省略完成句子1．ThereformofCollegeEntranceExaminationwillbeginwithEnglish,whoseresultisnotassatisfying_as_(it_was)_expected.(expect)高考改革将从英语开始，其结果也不像预期的那样令人满意。2．Aperson,when_(he_is)_challenged,_canoftendowhatisnormallybeyondhisability.(challenge)当一个人遇到挑战时，他往往能做超越他能力的事情。3．Though_(they_are)_warned_ofdanger,sightseershavebeenflockingtothesitewheretheworld'sbiggestterroristBinLadenlived.(warn)虽然被警告有危险，但观光者一直涌向世界上最大的恐怖分子本·拉登居住的地方。4．Hismothercoulddonothingbutwait_for_the_doctortoarrive.(wait)他妈妈没有办法，只好等医生到来。5．Theotherdaywhile(she_was)_walking_her/the_doginthepark,shenoticedanadvertisementforphotographylessons.(walk)前几天，在公园遛狗时，她注意到了一则学摄影的招生广告。1.vitaladj.至关重要的；生死攸关的beofvitalimportance很重要bevitalto/for……是至关重要的Itisvitaltodosth.做某事很重要Itisvitalthat...(should)do...做……是十分重要的(从句使用虚拟语气，should可以省略)①Fightingworldhungercontinuestobethematterofvitalimportanceaccordingtoarecentreport.(·湖北阅读C)根据最近的一项报告，解决全球的饥饿问题仍是一个十分重要的问题。②Considerationforotherpeopleisvitaltoallofus.对我们所有人而言，体谅别人是极其重要的。【对点练习】完成句子①AsfarasI'mconcerned,reading_is_of_vital_importance/it_is_vital_to_readinlanguagelearning.(vital)就我个人而言，阅读在语言学习中至关重要。②It'svitalthatasuccessfulmovieshould_pay_much_attention_toitsthemeandthefigures'characters.(pay)一部成功的电影最重要的是要注重突出主题和人物性格。【真题印证】②(·安徽高考)Interestisas________tolearningastheabilitytounderstand,evenmoreso.A．vitalB．availableC．specificD．similar解析：选A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于学习来说，兴趣如同理解能力一样重要，甚至更重要。根据句意可知，应用vital。bevitalto...意为“对……极其重要”。2.treatvt.&vi.治疗；对待；款待n．款待；招待(1)treatsb.like/as...把某人当……看待treatsth.seriously认真对待某事treatsb.withrespect/kindness尊敬某人/善待某人treatsb.to...招待……；给……买……(2)It'smytreat./Mytreat.我请客。(3)treatmentn.治疗；处理；对待①Butwhateverthesituation,thebestadviceistoobeytheGoldenRule:treatothersasyouwouldliketobetreated.(·新课标卷完形)但无论什么情况下，最好的建议是遵循这条黄金规则：己所不欲，勿施于人。②Treattheearthseriously,foritisnotgiventoyoubyyourparentsbutlenttoyoubyyourchildren.善待地球，它不是你父母馈赠给你的，而是你的子孙借给你的。③Iamnowinmytwenties,butmyparentsstilltreatmelikeachild.我现在20多岁了，但父母仍然把我当成小孩子一样对待。④Let'sgooutforlunchafterwork—it'smytreat.下班后咱们到外面去吃午餐吧——我请客。【对点练习】根据英汉提示完成小片段他把我们当作尊贵的客人，用丰盛的晚餐招待我们；我们十分感激他的热情款待。Hetreated_us_as/likehonoredguests,andtreated_us_toabigdinner.Weallmuchappreciatedhistreat.3.applyvt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使用；有效applysth.to把……涂到……；把……运用到……applyoneselfto致力于；集中精力于applyto适应于……apply(to...)for...(向……)申请……①Whatismostimportantisthatweshouldapplytheorytopractice.重要的是理论应用于实践。②Inordertoincreasepeople'sawarenessofprotectingpolarbears,Iapplyforthespokesmanforpolarbearssincerely.(·重庆书面表达)为了增强人们保护北极熊的意识，我真诚地申请做它的代言人。【对点练习】Ⅰ.写出下列句中apply的含义①Youmayapplyinpersonorbyletter.申请②Atlastheappliedalittlewaxpolish(蜡油)．涂；敷③Thedoglyingontheroad,heappliedhisbrakequickly.使用④Thenewdiscoverymaybeappliedinmedicine.应用；运用Ⅱ.完成句子①Applying_yourself_tothejobinhand,you'llsoonfinishit.(apply)如果你尽全力做你目前的工作，你将能很快地把它做完。②WhenShawlosthissight,hiswifesuggestedhe_apply_foraguidedog.(apply)当肖失明的时候，他妻子建议他申请一只导盲犬。4.squeezeout榨出；挤出squeeze...outof/from...把……从……中榨出来squeezeinto挤进squeezeone'sway勉强通过；挤过①It'sdifficulttosqueezeyourwayoutinacrowdedbus.在拥挤的公交车里挤出去是不容易的。②Therewerealreadyfourpeopleinthelift,buthemanagedtosqueezeintoit.电梯里已经有四个人了，但他还是挤进去了。【对点练习】介、副词填空①Trytosqueezeabitmorefromthetube.②Fiveofusweresqueezedintothebackseatofthecar.③Thelemonlooksdrytome,butyoumaybeabletosqueezeoutafewdrops.5.inplace在适当的位置；适当①FirstlyIcollectedallthebooks,newspapersandotherthingsscatteredintheroomsandputtheminplace.(·陕西书面表达)首先，我把散落在屋子里的所有书、报纸和其他东西收拾起来，并把它们放在适当的位置。outofplace不在适当的位置；不合适inplaceof代替；取代inthefirstplace首先；第一点takeplace发生takeone'splace就座；代替taketheplaceof代替；取代②Ifeltcompletelyoutofplaceamongallthosesmartrichpeople.在那些精明的富人中，我觉得自己完全格格不入。③Inthefirstplace,hehasallthequalificationsforthejob.首先，他具备做这份工作的全部资格。【对点练习】对比填空①You'dbetterputthingsbackinplace.Otherwise,itwillbedifficulttofindthem.②Someofthesebooksareoutofplace,_makingthewholeroommessy.③ThemanagerwillbeawayonbusinessandI'lleq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(takehisplace,taketheplaceofhim))duringhisabsence.6.makeadifference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用①ThankyousomuchformakingmefeelimportantandshowingmethatIcouldmakeadifference.谢谢你让我觉得自己很重要，让我知道我可以产生影响。makeno/somedifference(tosb./sth.)(对某人/物)没有/有些作用或影响tellthedifference(betweenAandB)辨别/区分(A和B)②Whatyouhavesaidwillmakenodifferencetothenaughtyboy.你所说的不会对这个淘气的男孩起什么作用的。③Thetwinsaresoalike;it'sdifficulttotellthedifference.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨出来。【对点练习】用difference的相关短语完成下列句子①正是通过坚定的信念和汗水，我才使得我的内心和外貌与众不同。(·四川阅读A)It'sthroughcommitmentandsweatthatIcanmake_a_differencewithinmyselfinsideandout.②你说什么对我都没关系。Whatyousaymakes_no_differencetome.eq\o(\s\up7(),\s\do5(7.temporary/variety/overandoveragain/pressure))①temporaryadj.暂时的；临时的temporarilyadv.暂时地②varietyn.变化；多样(化)；多变(性)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(avarietyof,varietiesof))各种各样的③overandoveragain反复；多次④pressuren.压力；挤压；压迫(感)underthepressureof在……的压力下【对点练习】选词填空eq\x(\a\al(temporarily，avarietyof，underthepressure，overand,overagain))①Allofthemarrivedlatefora_variety_ofreasons.②I'vewarnedyouover_and_over_againnottodothat.③Herhealthbrokedownunder_the_pressureofwork.④We'regoingtoloseourfirstviolinist,temporarily.1.Removeclothingusingscissorsifnecessaryunlessitisstucktotheburn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。【句型透视】unless是连词，意为“除非；如果不”，引导的是一个肯定条件状语从句，从句有时可以与if...not...引导的否定状语从句互换。Thespeedlimitforbicyclesoncampusis15mph,unlessotherwiseposted.(·天津阅读A)校园自行车限速每小时15英里，除非另有公告。WewillhaveapicnicintheparkthisSundayunlessitrainsorit'sverycold.除非下雨或天很冷，否则我们将在本周日去公园野餐。【对点练习】Ⅰ.选词填空(unless/if)①Unlessyouhavetriedit,youcan'timaginehowpleasantitis.②Ifyouhavenottriedit,youcan'timaginehowpleasantitis.Ⅱ.完成句子③Unless_you_have_tried_it,_youcan'timaginehowpleasantitis.(try)除非你尝试一下，否则你无法想象那是多么令人愉快。④Misunderstandingsarisingfromlackofsocialcommuni­cation,unlesshandled_properly,_mayleadtoseriousproblems.(handle)因缺少社会沟通而产生的误解，如果不妥善处理，可能会导致严重的问题。2.Johnwas_studyinginhisroomwhenheheardscreaming.约翰正在房间学习，这时他听到了一声尖叫。【句型透视】(1)bedoing...when...表示“正在做……这时突然……”，其中when为并列连词，表示“这时；突然”，相当于andatthis/thattime。Wewerediscussingtheproblemwhentherewasapowerfailure.我们正在讨论那个问题，这时停电了。(2)具有相同含义的句型还有：beabouttodo...when...正要做……这时(突然)……be(just)goingtodo...when...正要做……这时(突然)……beonthepointofdoing...when...正要做……这时(突然)……hadjustdone...when...刚做了……这时(突然)……Thethiefwasonthepointofputtinghishandintothelady'shandbagwhenthebussuddenlystopped.小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提包中，这时公共汽车突然停了。Theyhadjustfinishedtheworkwhenitrained.他们刚完成工作，就在这时下雨了。【关键一点】when除了用作并列连词外，还可以作为从属连词，引导状语从句，意为“当……时候；如果；然后；既然；却；可是”等。【对点练习】Ⅰ.写出下列句中when的含义①WewerejustabouttoleavewhenJerryarrived.这时②Whyusewoodwhenyoucanuseplastic？既然③Wehaveonlythreebookswhenweneedfive.可是④Istayedtillnoon,whenIwenthome.然后Ⅱ.完成句子⑤LastnightIwasabouttocallMr.StonewhenIfound_my_cellphone_missing.(find)昨晚我正要给斯通先生打电话，这时我发现我的手机不见了。⑥Shewas_practising_surfing_whenasharkstruckher,bitingoffherleftarm.(practise)她正在练习冲浪，这时突然一条鲨鱼袭击她，咬掉了她的左臂。Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Hewasbreathingonlywiththeaid(帮助)ofaventilator(呼吸器)．2．Considerationforotherpeopleisvital(至关重要的)toallofus.3．NowItrytotreat(对待)everyonewithrespect,nomatterwhoIthinktheyare.4．Thenurseisapplying(涂)somemedicinetohiswound.5．TheSaharaDesertisanaturalbarrier(屏障)betweenNorthandCentralAfrica.6．Redcancauseaperson'sbloodpressure(压力)toriseandincreasepeople'sappetites.7．Theyarrivedtwoandahalfhoursbeforetheceremony(仪式)andwalkedtheredcarpet.8．Thesemenmadethemselvesfamousfortheircourageandbravery(勇敢)．9．Thisarrangementisonlytemporary(临时的)anditwillonlylasttwomonths.10．Mr.Leecameupwithacomplex(复杂的)theory,whichishardtounderstand.Ⅱ.选词填空eq\x(nodoubt，treat，whenburning，fallill，anumberof，put...inplace，applyto，vital)1．Thereisno_doubtthatitishisachievementsthathavewonhimtheNobelPrize.2．Applied_tothework,hefinisheditaheadoftime.3．It'svitalthatweshouldneverlowersafetystandards.4．Themedicalteamleftthevillagewithgreatsatisfaction,havingtreatedalotoflocalvillagers.5．Woodgivesoffmuchsmokewhen_burning.6．Falling_illhasleftJohnfarbehindothers,buthisteachersaretryingtohelphim.7．A_number_oftouristsareattractedtovisitthecarnivalhereeveryyear.8．Puttingthingsin_placewillbringmuchconveniencetoyourlife.Ⅲ.根据汉语提示，选用练习Ⅱ中的句子加入适当过渡词后联句成篇1．每年许多游客都被吸引来参观这里的狂欢节。2．木材在燃烧时会冒出很多的烟导致环境污染。3．我们绝不能降低安全标准，这是至关重要的，因为生命是世界上最宝贵的。Anumberoftouristsareattractedtovisitthecarnivalhereeveryyear.However,woodgivesoffmuchsmokewhenburning,whichresultsinairpollution.It'svitalthatweshouldneverlowersafetystandardsaslifeisthemostvaluableintheworld.Ⅰ.多项选择1．Althoughherrelativesdidn'tthinkshecouldliveforthreemonths,theolddoctorfinally________herofherdisease.A．curedB．operatedC．treatedD．served解析：选Acuresb.ofadisease“治愈某人某病”；treatsb.foradisease“治疗某人某病”。故选A。2．(·武汉市武昌区高三联考)When________ajob,youshouldhighlightyourexperienceandskills.A．accountingforB．interviewingforC．applyingforD．searchingfor解析：选C句意：求职时，你应该突出你的经验和技能。根据句意可知，applyingfor“申请”正确。accountfor“解释；说明”；interviewfor“为……面试”；searchfor“搜索”。3．Yourcasualclotheswerenot________forsuchaformaloccasion.You'dbettergetchanged.A．aggressiveB．appropriateC．temporaryD．permanent解析：选B考查形容词词义。aggressive“侵略的，侵犯的”；appropriate“适当的；合适的”；temporary“暂时的；临时的”；permanent“永久的；不变的”。由句意可知B项正确。4．Youhavetobeveryexactinthisjob,becauseasmallmistakecanmakeabig________.A．similarityB．explanationC．instructionD．difference解析：选Dmakeabigdifference“产生很大影响”，符合句意。similarity“类似；相似”；explanation“解释；说明”；instruction“命令；指示”。5．Anexperienceddoctorusuallyjudgesapatient'sillnessaccordingtothevarious________.A．signsB．symptomsC．signalsD．marks解析：选B考查名词词义辨析。sign“信号，暗号”；symptom“症状”；signal“预兆，信号”；mark“印，记号，符号”。由句意可知选B项。6．Interestisas________tolearningastheabilitytounderstand,evenmoreso.A．vitalB．availableC．specificD．similar解析：选A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于学习来说，兴趣如同理解能力一样重要， 甚至更重要。bevitalto...“对……极其重要”。根据句意可知，应用vital。7．Millionsofpeoplearestillhomeless.Besides,thereisn'tthemostbasic________fromtheRedCross.A．medicineB．equipmentC．aidD．material解析：选C句意：数百万人仍然无家可归，此外，连来自红十字会的最基本的救助都没有。aid“帮助；援助”，符合句意。medicine“医药；医学”；equipment“设备”；material“材料”。8．Theyhaveearnedlotsofmoney,soI________believethatthebusinessisasuccess.A．mildlyB．firmlyC．activelyD．tightly解析：选B从“Theyhaveearnedlotsofmoney”可知，“我”坚信(firmlybelieve)生意是成功的。mildly“温和地；轻微地”；actively“积极地；活跃地”；tightly“紧紧地”。9．Hethought________，yethestillcouldn'trememberwherehehadputhiskeys.A．overandoveragainB．allinallC．fromtimetotimeD．nowandthen解析：选Aoverandoveragain“反复；多次”；allinall“总而言之”；fromtimetotime“不断地”；nowandthen“时而；不时地”。10．(·天门模拟)Withallthearrangements________formyparents'visit,Irangtoconfirmtheirtimeofarrival.A．insightB．inreturnC．invainD．inplace解析：选D句意：我父母来访的所有准备都已就绪，我便打电话给他们确认他们到达的时间。insight“在视野范围内；看得见”；inreturn“作为回报”；invain“徒劳”；inplace“准备就绪”。由此可知，D符合语境。Ⅱ.完成句子1．(·荆州调研)LittleTomgotburnedwhilehewassettingofffireworks,being_treatedinhospitalnow.(treat)小汤姆在放烟火时被烧伤了，现在正在医院救治。2．Idonated$10,000tothegirl,which_aided_her_incontinuingherstudy.(aid)我捐给了那个女孩10000美元，帮助她继续她的学业。3．ThenumberofpeopleinfectedwithAIDScouldreach10millionbyunless__effective_measures_are_taken_topreventthespreadofthedisease.(measure)除非采取有效措施来阻止疾病的传播，不然，到年感染艾滋病的人数会达到一千万。4．(·湖北省八校联考)Thetwomenhadhardlyhadtimetorealizewhatwashappeningwhen_they_were_thrownviolentlyintothesea.(throw)那两人还没来得及意识到发生什么时，就被猛烈地抛进了大海。5．(·武汉高三训练)Peoplehave_been_receivingfinancialaidsincetheylosttheirhomes,jobsandbusinessestothestormlastmonth.(receive)自从在上个月的暴风雨中失去了家园、工作和公司，(灾区的)人们一直在接受资金援助。6._Applying_himself_to_doinghisresearch,hetooknonoticeofwhatwasgoingonoutside.(apply)专心做他的研究，他不知道外界发生的事。7．Falling_ill_with_a_high_fever,_shehadtotakeafewdaysoff.(fall)她发高烧病倒了，所以不得不请几天假。8．Generallyspeaking,whentaken_according_to_directions,_thedrughasnoside­effect.(take)一般说来，按照说明服药，这种药是没有副作用的。9．Becarefulwhenyoudealwiththischemical,asitwillexplodewhen_(it_is)_exposed_tosunlight.(expose)当你处理这种化学药品时要小心，因为当它暴露在阳光下时会爆炸。10．Ihavetoapologizetoyoufor_pouring_coffee_into_your_cupbymistake.(pour)我得向你道歉，我错把咖啡倒在你的杯子里了。Ⅲ.阅读理解AOnthewayhomefromhisjobatabakeryinWainscott,NewYork,oneAugustevening,CraigSchum,33,stoppedhiscarattheEastHamptonAirport.Agroupwasprotestingagainstairplanenoise,andSchum,whohadkickedoffhisshoes,gotoutofthecar.Withinseconds,though,Schumsawsomethingastonishing.Asmallplanedivedandcrashedintothewoodsabout100yardsfromtherunway.“Idon'tremembermakingthedecisionthatIshouldgotohelpout，”herecalls.“Ijuststartedrunning.”Schumranacrossthestreetbarefoot,climbedoverasix­foot­highchain­linkfence,anddashedabout100yardstowardthewoods.Whenhegotthere,hediscovered51­year­oldpilotStephenBochter,hisheadbleeding,besidetheburningplane.Bochter'spassenger,hiswife,KimBrillo,wasontheground,unconscious.“Shehadbloodalloverher，”saysSchum.“Ithoughtshewasdead.”JackGleeson,17,ahighschoolstudentworkingasummerjobattheairport,caughtupwithSchumand,withBochter'shelp,liftedthechain­linkfenceandbroughtBrillounderneathitout.Momentslater,theentireplaneexploded.Aftertherescueteamarrived,BochterandBrillowereairliftedtoanearbyhospitalandtreatedforcuts,injuriesandBrillo'sbrokenarm.Bochter,anexperiencedpilot,latersaidthattheplane'selectricalsystemhadfailedshortlyaftertake­off.HehadbeenattemptingtolandattheEastHamptonAirportwhentheplanebegantodropsuddenly.Hemanagedtolevelthewingsbeforecrashingintothewoods.“Everythingwasonfire,andSchumcameoutofnowheretosaveus，”saysBochter.“We'reblessedtohavelivedthroughit.”eq\x(语篇解读：本文叙述了CraigSchum在下班回家途中勇敢地从失事飞机上救人的事迹。)1.WhydidCraigSchumstophiscarattheEastHamptonAirport?A．Hewantedtohavearest.B．Hesawaprotestinggroup.C．Henoticedaplanecrash.D．Heneededtokickoffhisshoes.解析：选B细节理解题。由第一段的第二句“Agroupwasprotestingagainstairplanenoise,andSchum,whohadkickedoffhisshoes,gotoutofthecar.”可知答案为B。2．Whenhesawtheplanecrashintothewoods,Schum________.A．wasfrightenedtodeathB．rushedawayfromthespotC．cametorescueimmediatelyD．askedforhelpwithoutdelay解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句可知C项正确。3.What'stheproperorderofthefollowingevents?a．Asmallplanecrashedintothewoods.b．Brillowastakenawayfromthespot.c．Thecouplewassenttoanearbyhospital.d．Bochtertookseveralself­helpactions.e．Schumrantorescuethesurvivors.A．a→e→b→c→dB．d→a→e→b→cC．a→e→d→c→bD．d→e→a→b→c解析：选B细节理解题。解决本题的关键是区分a、d两项的顺序，d项虽是出现在文章最后，但表达的内容却是飞行员所回忆的坠机之前采取的一些自救措施，故应排在首位，其他选项干扰性不大，根据文章内容可简单推出答案为B。4.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?A．ALuckyEscapeB．ACuriousBakerC．ARewardforKindnessD．ABadLandingafterTake­off解析：选A标题归纳题。从飞机出现故障并坠落到Schum帮助飞行员和他的妻子脱险可以看出，A项“一次幸运的逃离”为最佳标题。B(·皖南八校联考)Arehealthypeoplehappierthanseriouslyillones?Notnecessarily.InastudydescribedintheJournalofExperimentalPsychology,agroupofpeoplewithend­stagekidney(肾)failurewereprovidedwithelectronicdevicesthatrequiredthemtorecordtheirmoodsatvarioustimesthroughouttheday.Forcomparison,agroupofhealthyvolunteersusedthesamedevices.Whenresearchershadstudiedtheresults,theyfoundthatthelevelsofhappinesswereaboutthesameforthetwogroups.Theresearchers,ledbyDr.JasonRiisofPrincetonwhenhewasagraduatestudentattheUniversityofMichigan,alsofoundthatthehealthypeoplegreatlyoverestimated(估计过高)howunhappythesickoneswouldbe.Andthesickpeopleoverestimatedhowhappythehealthyoneswouldbe.Forthestudy,49kidneydiseasepatientswhowereundergoingdialysis(透析)sectionsthreetimesaweekweregivenpersonaldigitalassistants,as49healthyvolunteerswerematchedtothepatientsbyage,race,educationandsex.Whenthedevicesbeeped,thesubjectswereaskedtoratetheirmoodona5­pointscale,with2definedas“verypleasant”andminus2definedas“veryunpleasant”.Onaverage,thekidneypatientsratedtheirmoodas0.70,whilethehealthysubjectsrateditas0.83.Theparticipantswerealsoaskedtodescribeotheremotionstheymightbefeeling,includingjoyandanxiety,andtodescribetheirlevelsofphysicalcomfort.Andsometimestheywereasked,“Howdoyoufeelaboutyourlifeasawhole？”Abetterunderstandingofhowwellpeopleareabletoadapttopoorhealth,theresearcherssaid,couldhelpdoctorsandpatientsmakewiserchoicesabouttheirmedicalcare.Earlierstudieshavealsofoundthatseriouslyillpatientsdescribedthemselvesasbeinghappy.Butthesepatientswerenotgivenachancetoanswerquestionsabouttheirmoodprivatelyandrepeatedlyoveraperiodoftime,Dr.Riissaid,andsoitwasunclearhowaccuratetheirresponseswere.5．Whatcanbelearntfromthestudy?A．Theelectronicdevicesusedaredigitalassistantsfordialysis.B．Thelevelsofhappinessarelittleaffectedbyhealthcondition.C．Allthesubjectsareofthesameage,race,sexandeducation.D．Bothpatientsandhealthypeopleoverestimatetheirownhappiness.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，肾病患者和健康人的幸福指数几乎一样，由此推断出健康状况几乎对幸福指数没有影响。6．Intheresearch,thesubjects'ratingsoftheirmoodlevelswere_________onaverage.A．vagueB．negativeC．positiveD．neutral解析：选C推理判断题。根据第三段第三句可知病人与健康人的幸福指数都是正数，是中等偏上的，所以选positive。7．OneofDr.Riis'concernsabouttheresultsoftheearlierstudieswaswhether________.A．itreflectedwhatthepatientsreallythoughtB．itrevealedthepatients'privacyC．thequestionsforthepatientswererepeatedD．theassignmentforallsubjectswasaccurate解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段中最后一句可知，Dr.Riis说病人没机会回答关于他们情绪的问题，因此不清楚调查结果是否反映了病人的真实想法。8．Theresearchwasdoneinorderto________.A．helppatientsadapttopoorhealthB．learnpatients'averagelevelofhappinessC．findthedistinctionbetweenthehealthyandunhealthypeopleD．definetheextenttowhichhealthconditionaffectshappiness解析：选D推理判断题。通读全文可知，调查研究表明病人和健康的幸福指数的几乎一样，因此这项研究旨在确定健康状况对幸福的影响。写作技能提升(二)(半)开放作文(如何写好开头——首段要有力)[题目要求]请根据以下提示，结合生活中的一个事例，用英语写一篇短文。Theantphilosophyis:nevergiveup,lookahead,staypositiveanddoallyoucan.注意：①无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；②除诗歌外，文体不限；③文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；④词数不少于120。好的开头对一篇文章来说是至关重要的。要注意以下几点：1．开门见山根据英语提示语，第一段要明确地表明自己的观点，或营造一种背景。2．言简意赅语言要简短有力，这样可以给阅卷人一个强烈印象和冲击力。第一段切忌拖沓。倘若用了大量的篇幅来表达观点或阐述道理，那就没有足够的空间来把第二段的事例写充分。3．句式丰富第一段虽然短，也能显示作者的英语表达实力，因此，哪怕只有一句话，也要尽量使用复合句或固定表达法。4．词汇高级恰当使用高级词汇会让你的文章与众不同，印象深刻。[现场演练]———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————