高考英语一轮复习讲义（课前基础导练+课堂互动探究+课后知能提升）Unit 4 Earthquakes 新人教版必修1

Unit4Earthquakes晨背三部曲（话题：天气）经典词汇1.windyadj.有风的2．rainyadj.下雨的3．foggyadj.有雾的4．cloudyadj.多云的5．snowyadj.下雪的6．sunnyadj.阳光灿烂的7．fineadj.晴朗的8．warmadj.温暖的9．cooladj.凉快的10．coldadj.冷的11．dryadj.干的；干旱的12．freezingadj.冰冻的；极冷的13．changeableadj.易变的14．umbrellan.伞15．forecastv．&n.预报16.belikelyto很可能17．globalwarming全球变暖18．compareto/with和……比起来19．ingeneral总的说来20．beopposedto反对21．putupwith忍受；容忍22．getinto进入23．weatherforecast/report天气预报24．makeadifference有影响；有关系25．takeaction/measurestodosth.采取措施做某事热身体验连词成句1．makeithard,forthreedays,it,snow,goout(用现在分词短语作状语)It_had_snowed_for_three_days,_making_it_hard_to_go_out.2．force...to...,headfor,onfoot,theirdestinations,people,therefore(用被动语态)Therefore,_people_were_forced_to_head_for_their_destinations_on_foot.Ⅰ.词海拾贝基础记忆1．burstvi.爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发2．ruinn.废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产3．shockvt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动n4．rescuen．&vt.援救；营救5．trapvt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境6．disastern.灾难；灾祸7．buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏8．damagen．&vt.损失；损害9．eventn.事件；大事；比赛项目10．judgen．裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断；判决→judgementn．意见；判断力；审判11．injurevt.损害；伤害→injuryn．伤害；损害→injuredadj.受伤的12．electricityn．电；电流；电学→electricadj.用电的；带电的→electricaladj.与电有关的；电学的frightenvt.使惊吓；吓唬→frightenedadj.受惊的；受恐吓的→frighteningadj.令人恐惧的14．congratulationn．祝贺；(复数)贺词→congratulatevt.祝贺语境记忆15．Inthecrash,hewasseriouslyinjured.Hesufferedsevereinjuriestotheheadandarms.(injure)16．Onseeingthefrighteningscene,thelittlegirlwassofrightenedthatsheburstoutcrying.(frighten)17．Theheadmasterwrotealettertocongratulateheronhergoodperformanceandtheexcitingcongratulationsencouragedhergreatly.(congratulate)篇章记忆Thewholenationwasshockedbytheearthquake.Itwasreallyanextremelyfrighteningdisaster.Almosteverythingwasdestroyedandpeoplesufferedalot.Whattheyneededaresheltersandelectricity.Theyexpressedtheirsincerethankstopeopleallovertheworldfortheirimmediaterescue.Ⅱ.短语互译1.轻视；认为……没有价值think_little_of2．结束；终结at_an_end3．严重受损；破败不堪in_ruins4．掘出；发现dig_out5．向……表达谢意express_one's_thanks_to6．a(great)numberof许多；大量的7．beproudof以……为骄傲8．rightaway立刻，马上9．asif仿佛；好像10．intheopenair在户外Ⅲ.句型一览1.too...to...太……以至于不能……Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoo_nervous_to_eat(紧张得不吃食)．2．Itseems(seemed)asif...看起来好像……It_seemed_as_if(看起来好像)theworldwasatanend!3．leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwere_left_without_parents(成了孤儿)．4．everywhere用作连词，引导让步状语从句Everywheretheylooked(人们无论朝哪看)nearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.5．部分否定All_hope_was_not(并不是所有的希望)lost.Ⅳ.语法自测——定语从句(Ⅰ)完成句子1．In1991RanulphFiennespublishedTheFeatherMen,thenon­fictionbook,on_which_the_film_is_based.(base)这部影片是以1991年兰奴夫·费因斯发表的纪实文学作品《羽人》为基础而改编的。 2.IwanttothankmyfriendJohn,without_whose_help_I_wouldn't_have_been_saved.(without)我想感谢我的朋友约翰，没有他的帮助，我就不会得救。3．SarahBrightman,who_will_fly_to_spacein,isthefirstwomantoflythereinthefieldofmusic.(fly)莎拉·布莱曼将于年飞往太空，她将是音乐界第一个飞往太空的女士。4.Theclassroomiscrowdedwithchildrenofpooreyesight,all_of_whom_show/have_interest_in/are_interested_inpainting.(interest)教室中挤满了视力不好的孩子，他们都对绘画感兴趣。1.burst(burst,burst)vi.爆裂；爆发n．突然破裂；爆发eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(1burstoutcrying/laughing,burstintotears/laughter))突然哭起来/笑起来burstin/into闯入；突然破门而入burstout突然迸发；爆发burstwithanger/joy勃然大怒/乐不可支(2)aburstof一阵……①Maryshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknewwhyshewassoangry.玛丽重重地关上门，失声大哭，办公室里没人知道她为什么这么生气。②Suddenlythedooropenedandagroupofchildrenburstin.门突然打开，闯进了一群孩子。【轻松识记】【对点练习】根据英汉提示完成小片段随着一阵笑声，王熙凤一阵风似的走进了房间。她的一席谄媚的话说得贾母乐不可支。Witha_burst_oflaughter,WangXifengburst_intotheroom,whoseflattering(谄媚的)wordsmadeMrs.Jiaburst_with_joy.2.ruinn．[U]毁灭；毁坏；[常用复数]废墟；遗迹vt.(使)毁坏；毁灭；使破产①Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeingreducedtoruins,thecitytookonanewlook.遭遇一次大地震并被沦为废墟之后不久，这座城市就呈现出一个新面貌。(1)lie/beinruins成为废墟come/go/falltoruin毁灭；荒废；崩溃bring...toruin使……毁灭；使……没落；使……破产(2)ruinoneself毁掉自己；自取灭亡ruinone'spleasure/fame毁坏某人的乐趣/声誉②Theysawbythelightofthemoonthatpartofthecitylayinruins.借着月色，他们可以隐约地看到城市破烂的一角。【个性比较】ruin,damage,destroyruin指毁坏某种好的或者有用的东西，事后虽然存在，但已失去了其优良的特性或特征，意思是“使毁灭；崩溃；弄糟”。用作名词意思是“毁灭；瓦解；废墟”，构成短语inruins“成为废墟”damage指一定程度的损坏或损失，部分是可以修复的，可用作动词或名词。作名词表示抽象的“损坏；破坏”时为不可数名词，构成短语do/causedamagetosb./sth.destroy指彻底的、毁灭性的破坏，一般不可修复，常作“破坏；毁灭”讲。也可以指希望、计划等的破灭轻松识记【对点练习】Ⅰ.选词填空(ruin/damage/destroy)①Thepalacewasdestroyedcompletelyratherthanwasslightlydamaged,_whichcan'tberepaired,leavingonlyruins.Ⅱ.完成句子②Thehousewasemptyforseveralyearsandfell_to_ruin.(fall)这所房子因为好几年没有住人而荒废了。③Notonlydid_drunk_driving_ruin_himselfbutalsokilledseveralpassers­by.(ruin)醉驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名路人死亡。3.injurevt.损害；伤害(1)injuredadj.受伤的theinjured伤员(2)injuryn.伤；伤口；伤害dosb.aninjury/doaninjurytosb.伤害某人①Localgovernmentsshouldprovidenecessaryassistancetofamilieswhoseonlychildhasbeenaccidentallyinjuredorkilled.地方政府应该向那些独生子女意外受伤或死亡的家庭提供必要的帮助。②Dogownersshouldberesponsibleiftheirpetsdoaninjurytootherpeopleorcausedamagetotheirproperty.如果狗主人的宠物伤害他人或损害他人的财产，他们应该负责任。【个性比较】injure,wound,hurt,harminjure多指意外事故造成的伤害，也可指对名誉、地位的损害wound指人在战斗、攻击中受伤，身体上出现明显的伤口，多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤hurt多指精神上受到伤害，也可指身体上的疼痛harm指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为“伤害；损害；有害于”。常用短语doharmto“对……有害”轻松识记【语境串记】Heretiredfromthearmybecauseofbeingwoundedinafight.Soonafter,hemetwithanaccident,wherehewasnotinjuredluckilybutwashurttosomedegree.他因在战斗中受伤退伍了。不久他遭遇了一场车祸，幸运的是，他身体没有受伤，但心灵在一定程度上受了创伤。【对点练习】根据英汉提示完成小片段这次爆炸不仅给很多当地人造成了伤害，还给环境造成了很大损害。伤者被迅速送往医院，幸运的是，他们很快康复了。Theexplosionnotonlydid_an_injury_tomanyofthelocalpeoplebutalsodid_harm_totheenvironment.The_injured_wererushedtohospital,andluckilytheyallrecoveredsoon.4.rescuen．&vt.援救；营救(1)arescueteam营救队come/gotosb.'srescue前来(去)救某人(2)rescuesb.from...把某人从……中解救出来rescuesth.fromsth.营救某物免于某事①“Neverforasecond”，theboysays,“didIdoubtthatmyfatherwouldcometomyrescue”．这个男孩说：“我从来没有怀疑过我爸爸会来救我。”②Thewholefamilywererescuedfromthefire.全家都已从大火中被营救出来。【对点练习】完成句子①Thefailingcompanyishopinginternationalbankswill_come_to_the_rescue.(come)这家即将倒闭的公司希望国际银行会给予援助。②Aftergettinglostinastorm,amemberofthenavyteamwas_rescuedfourdayslater.(rescue)迷失在暴风雨四天后，一名海军成员被救起。 5.trapvt.使陷入困境；诱骗n．陷阱(1)betrappedin...被困在……中trapsb.into(doing)sth.诱使某人做某事(2)fallintoatrap落入圈套setatrapforsb.给某人设圈套①Alargenumberofsoldiersweresenttheretorescuethosetrappedinthebuilding.许多战士被派往那里救援被困在建筑物里的人。②Theysetatrapforhimandhewalkedrightintoit.他们设下圈套，他果然落入其中。【对点练习】Ⅰ.用trap及其相关短语的适当形式填空①正如古时候人们用陷阱诱捕动物一样，彼得给玛丽设了圈套，而她真的中计了。Asancientpeopleusedtrapstotrapanimals,Peterset_a_trap_forMaryandshereallyfell_intoit.Ⅱ.用所给动词的适当形式填空②Thebravesoldiersweredeterminedtosaveallthepeopletrapped(trap)inthefloodedmine.③Trapped(trap)intheruins,thegirlstillworeasmile,waitingtoberescued.④Theshopkeepertrappedmeintobuying(buy)theirpoorqualitymilk.6.buryvt.掩埋；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏bury...in...把……埋入……eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(buryoneself,beburied))in(doing)sth.埋头于/专心于(做)某事buryone'sfaceinone'shands双手掩面①Eversincehemovedthere,hehasburiedhimselfin/hasbeenburiedinhisresearchwork.自从搬到那里以后，他一直在专注于研究工作。②Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandweptwhensheheardthebadnews.当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。【联想发散】表示“专注于某事”的动词短语还有：beabsorbedin,_bedevotedto,_belostin,_focuson,_concentrateon等。【对点练习】Ⅰ.完成句子①Intheexplosion,someworkerswho_were_buried_aliveforhourswererescuedatlast.(bury)在那次爆炸事件中，那些被活埋长达几个小时的工人最终获救了。②Buried_in_his_books,_hedidn'tknowitwasrainingoutside.(bury)因为埋头苦学，他不知道外面在下雨。Ⅱ.句式升级③Burying_himself_in_his_books,_hedidn'tknowitwasrainingoutside.(使用现在分词作状语改写练习②)7.judgev．断定；判断；判决n．裁判员；法官；评判员judge...from/by...从……来判断judgesb./sth.tobe...判断某人/事……asfarasIcanjudge据我判断；我认为judgingby/from从……上看；根据……判断①Every500yardsorso,heraisedhisheadtojudgehisprogress.每500码左右，他抬起头判断一下他的进程。②Accordingtowhathesaid,wecanjudgehimtobeanhonestboy.根据他所说的话，我们可以判断他是一个诚实的男孩。【语境串记】Judgingfromhisclothes,Ijudgethatheisajudge.从他的服装判断，我断定他是个法官。【对点练习】完成句子①Judged_as_a_responsible_person,_Tonywasappointedheadofthedepartment.(judge)Tony被认为是一个负责的人，所以他被任命为部门主管。②Judging_by/from_her_last_letter,_theyarehavingawonderfultime.(judge)从她上封信来看，他们过得非常愉快。8.atanend结束；终结①ThemeetingwasnearlyatanendwhenIgottothemeetingroom.我到达会议室时，会议快要结束了。②Ourhuntforacheaperbutlargerhouseisatlastatanend.我们想寻找一幢便宜些但要大些的房子的事终于有了结果。【关键一点】atanend在句中多在be后作表语。(1)attheendof在……尽头/末端(指时间或空间的一个终点)bytheendof到……结束时；到……时候为止(常与完成时态连用)intheend最后；终于cometoanend结束put/bringsth.toanend结束……make(both)endsmeet使收支相抵；量入为出putanendtosth.结束；终结(2)endupwith以……结束③Beingoutofworkandhavingtwoyoungchildren,theyfounditimpossibletomakeendsmeet.他们失业了，还要养活两个小孩，他们发现无法维持起码的收支平衡。④Smelltheflowersbeforeyougotosleep,andyoumayjustendupwithsweetdreams.你在睡觉前闻一闻这些花，即可获得美梦。【对点练习】选词填空eq\x(atanend，cometoanend，putanendto，bytheendof)①By_the_end_oflastyear,hehadlearnedtwothousandEnglishwords.②Hislifereturnedtonormalafterthewarcame_to_an_end.③Theydidn'tknowhowtoput_an_end_tothequarrel.④Imustwarnyouthatmypatienceisalmostat_an_end.9.a(great)numberof许多；大量的①Nowa(great)numberofcollegegraduatesareseekingtogetahigh­paidjob.Butthenumberofpostsavailableforthemisoftennotenough.如今很多大学毕业生在努力想找一份待遇好的工作，但适合他们的岗位的数量却经常不足。②Plentyoffreshaircontributestogoodhealth.充足的新鲜空气有助于健康。【关键一点】(1)“largequantitiesof＋可数名词复数/不可数名词”作主语以及“largeamountsof＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。(2)“anumberof＋可数名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用复数，“许多……；大量……”；“thenumberof＋可数名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用单数，“……的数目”。如果说“数量多或少”，要用large,small，而不用many,few。eq\a\vs4\al(3,)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(manya,morethanone))＋可数名词单数＋谓语(单数形式)【对点练习】用所给动词的适当形式填空①Manyafamouspopstarwas_ruined(ruin)bydrugslastyear.②Largeamountsofmoneyare_spent(spend)onadvertisementseveryyear.③Largequantitiesofwaterhave_been_piped(pipe)tothedryareasincelastyear.④ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversitieshas_been_rising(rise)steadilysince1990.【基础点专练】eq\o(\s\up7(),\s\do5(10.rightaway/shock/frighten/congratulation))①rightaway立刻，马上同义词或短语：atonce/rightnow/innotime/inaminute/immediately/withoutdelay②shockvt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动n.休克；打击；震惊a(great)shocktosb.令人震惊的事shockedadj.(主语多为人)感到吃惊的，感到惊讶的beshockedat/by...对……感到震惊beshockedtodosth.对做某事感到震惊beshockedthat...对……感到震惊shockingadj.(主语多为物)令人气愤的；令人惊讶的③frightenvt.使惊吓；吓唬frighten...away/off把……吓跑frightensb.into(doing)sth.把某人吓得做某事befrightenedat看到/听到……吓一跳④congratulationn.祝贺；(复数)贺词Congratulations!向你祝贺！send/offercongratulationstosb.onsth.祝贺某人某事congratulatevt.祝贺；道贺congratulatesb.(onsth.)(因某事)祝贺某人【对点练习】选词填空eq\x(rightaway，offercongratulationsto，ashockto，befrightenedat)①Helefthisgunoutsidesohiswifewasnotfrightened_atit.②Thenewsofhisdeathwasa_shock_tous.③I'mgettingintouchwithhimright_away.④That'sgreatnews—pleaseoffer_congratulations_toher.1.Itseemedas_iftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日！【句型透视】asif(＝asthough)在句中引导表语从句；也可以引导状语从句。类型表语从句接在动词look,seem之后状语从句接在常见的实义动词之后从句语气时态陈述语气所述的是真实的或极有可能发生的虚拟语气所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生的与现在事实相反过去时(be动词用were)与过去事实相反过去完成时(haddone)与将来事实相反过去将来时(would/could/mightdo)Itseemedasifeveryonebutmehadmadefriendsandwashavingfun.好像除了我之外其他人都交了朋友，他们都玩得很愉快。Itlooksasifitisn'tcleanenoughtoswimhere.看起来这儿的水好像不干净，不宜游泳。Whenapencilispartlyputintoaglassofwater,itlooksasifitwerebroken.当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时，它看上去就好像断了一样。【关键一点】如果asif引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略主语和be动词，这样asif后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。Thefootballplayerisrollingonthegroundasif(heis)hurtbadlyintheleg.这个足球运动员在操场上打着滚，似乎他的腿伤得很厉害。【对点练习】Ⅰ.用所给动词(短语)的适当形式填空①Lookatthecloudsinthesky！Itlooksasifitis_going_to_rain(rain).Let'shurryup.②Theytalkedasif(asthough)theyhad_been(be)friendsforyears.③Shewalkedhereandthereontheplaygroundasiflooking_for(lookfor)something.Ⅱ.完成句子④Don'thandlethevaseas_if_it_were_made_ofsteel.(make)不要把花瓶像它似乎是钢制的一样来拿。⑤Look,Roseissittingatthecorneralonesilently.Itseemsas_if_she_is_crying.(as)看，Rose独自默默地坐在角落里。她似乎在哭泣。2.Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。【句型透视】(1)当not与all,both,each,every,everyone,everything,whole,always等具有全部意义的不定代词或形容词连用时，无论not的位置如何，皆表示不完全否定，意为“并非都”。Allthesebooksarenotpopularwithpeople.＝Notallthesebooksarepopularwithpeople.这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎。(2)no,none,noone,neither,nothing,nowhere等表示完全否定。NothinginmylifeimpressedmesodeeplyasmyfirstvisittothePalaceMuseum.我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观故宫博物馆。【对点练习】句型转换①Everyboyisnotinterestedinsports.→Noteveryboyisinterestedinsports.②Bothofthetwomathproblemsarenotverydifficult.→Notbothofthetwomathproblemsareverydifficult.③Notallofthemwereallowedtogothere.(变为全部否定)→Noneofthemwereallowedtogothere.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Thebuildingwascompletelydestroyed(破坏)byfire.2．Afterthewartheysavedthosewhowerealiveandburied(埋葬)thedead.3．Theyweretrapped(使陷入困境)inadeepholeandcouldn'tgetout.4．Awaterpipeburst(爆裂)andtheentireapartmentwasflooded.5．Theywereshocked(震惊)bythenewsthattenpeoplewerekilledintheaccident.6．Withoutelectricity(电),lifewouldnotbesoconvenienttoday.7．Inmyjudgement(判断),itisawisechoice.8．Clearly,theoldwomanwasinextreme(极度的)pain.9．①Whilecrossingtheroad,anoldmanwasknockeddownbyacarandbadlyinjured(受伤的)．②Luckily,allthepassengersinthevehicleescapedinjury(伤害)．10．①PerhapsIhavenotexpressed(表达)myselfverywell.②Shehadapuzzledexpression(表情)onherface.Ⅱ.选词填空eq\x(burstinto，settle，judgefrom，thinklittleof，digout，asif，inruins，all...not...)1．Thestrongearthquakeleftthecityin_ruinsmerelyinseveralseconds.2．Heburst_intotheroomwithoutknockingatthedoor,whichmademeveryangry.3．Itseemedas_ifeverybodywasindanger.4．Judging_fromthesituation,therewereanumberoftrappedpeoplewaitingforrescue.5．Allhopewasnotlost,becausethesoldiersweresoonsenttohelpthem.6．Theguyisalwaysmakingphonecallstoher,butshethinks_little_ofhim.7．Asthefarmerploughedthefield,hedug_outapotofjewelry.8．Wehurriedlyendedourmeeting,leavingmanyproblemsto_be_settlednexttime.Ⅲ.根据汉语提示，选用练习Ⅰ、Ⅱ中的句子，加入适当过渡词后联句成篇1．一天夜里，一切都开始摇晃起来。2．水管爆裂，电力中断。3．这个地区发生了地震，似乎每个人都处于危险中。4．有些人受伤，有些人埋在废墟下，还有些人失踪。5．从那时的情况判断，还有大量的被困群众等待着救援。6．并不是所有希望都破灭了。7．很快军队就被派来帮助他们。Onenight,everythingbegantoshake,withthepipesburstandtheelectricitycutoff.Anearthquakestruckthecityanditseemedasifeverybodywasindanger.Somepeoplewereinjured,someburiedintheruinsandsomemissing.Judgingfromthesituation,therewereanumberoftrappedpeoplewaitingforrescue.Butallhopewasnotlost,becausesoldiersweresoonsenttohelpthem.Ⅰ.多项选择1．Accidentaldeathshavedecreasedobviouslysincethepolicelauncheda(n)______toreduceroadaccidents.A．eventB．battleC．fightD．campaign解析：选D考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从警察开展减少道路交通事故的运动以来，意外死亡已经明显降低。launchacampaign“开展一场运动”，符合句意。event“(尤指重要、有意思或不寻常的)事件”；battle“战役”；fight“战斗”。2．JewishAmericansare________successfulinthefieldsofbusiness,entertainmentandscience.Twenty­fivepercentofthe400wealthiestAmericansareJewishAmericans.A．completelyB．extremelyC．eventuallyD．unconditionally解析：选B考查副词词义辨析。句意：犹太裔美国人在商业、娱乐和科学领域极其成功，在400个最富有的美国人中，有25%是犹太裔美国人。extremely“极其；极度”，符合句意。completely“完全地”；eventually“终于；最终”；unconditionally“无条件地”。3．Itwasagreat________totheworldthattheUSwiretappingscandalwasexposed.A．attackB．shockC．burstD．pleasure解析：选B句意：美国的监听丑闻被曝光让全世界大为震惊。根据句意可知，此处shock意为“一件令人震惊的事”。4．OurEnglishteacheroftentellsusthatthemeaningofanewwordmaybe________accordingtothegivencontext.A．dugoutB．ruledoutC．broughtoutD．takenout解析：选C句意：我们的英语老师经常告诉我们一个新单词的意思可以由语境显现出来。bringout“使显现；使表现出”，符合句意。5．Someparentsarejusttooprotective.Theywantto________theirkidsfromeverykindofdanger,realorimagined.A．spotB．dismissC．shelterD．distinguish解析：选C考查动词词义辨析。根据前一句中的内容可知父母想给孩子提供“庇护”，让他们避免各种危险，无论是真实的还是想象的。spot“认出；发现”；dismiss“开除；解散”；distinguish“区分”，都不符合语意。6．Thankstothegreateffortsbynetizensandthejournalists'determinationto________thetruth,anti­corruptionhasbeenaccelerating.A．takeoutB．checkoutC．pickoutD．digout解析：选D考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于网民的努力和记者挖掘真相的决心，反腐工作加快了。digout“找出；发掘”，符合句意。takeout“获得”；checkout“核实；检查(是否一切正常)”；pickout“精心挑选”。7．He'sgoingtorelaxwithfriendsoncetheexamsare________andhehasexcitingplansforthesummerholidays.A．attheendB．bytheendC．intheendD．atanend解析：选D考查短语辨析。句意：考试一旦结束，他将与朋友一起放松休息，他已有令人兴奋的暑假计划。atanend“结束”，符合句意。8．ManypublicadvertisementsarebroadcastonTVto________themassagethatweshouldbefriendlytoenvironment.A．getoverB．getacrossC．getalongD．getaway解析：选B句意：许多公益广告在电视里播放以传达一个信息：我们应该爱护环境。getacross“传达”。getover“克服”；getalong“进展”；getaway“摆脱”。9．Youwill________yourchancesofgettingapayriseifyoudon'tworkharderthanothers.A．forecastB．woundC．harmD．ruin解析：选D考查动词词义辨析。ruin可用其引申含义，意为“毁坏；损害”，此时其宾语通常是health,fame,chance等。forecast“预测”；wound侧重战场上的刀伤、枪伤等；harm指“对……有害”。所以选D。10．)It'sapitythatyouhavetoleavesosoon.I________hopethatyouwillcomeback.A．sincerelyB．hardlyC．stronglyD．obviously解析：选A考查副词词义辨析。句意：您得这么早就离开，真让人感到遗憾，我真诚地希望您再回来。sincerely“真诚地”，符合句意。hardly“几乎不”；strongly“强烈地”；obviously“明显地”。Ⅱ.完成句子1．Havingstayedinhospitalfortwomonths,hefeltas_if/though_he_was_cut_offfromtheoutsideworld.(cut)他在医院住了两个月的院，感觉自己像与世隔绝了一样。2．Mariahaswrittentwonovels,both_of_which_have_been_madeintotelevisionseries.(make)Maria已经写了两部小说，这两部小说都已经被制作成了电视剧。3．Therescueteamhassavedmorethanthirtypeopletrapped_under_the_collapsed_buildingssincetheearthquakeoccurred.(trap)自从地震发生以来，救援队已经救出了三十多个被困在垮塌建筑物下的人。4．Iwasabouttogoshoppingwhen_a_stranger_burst_intomyhouse.(burst)我正要出去购物，突然一个陌生人闯进我的房子。5．Thepolicearesearchingforthemurdererwiththe_dog_leading_the_way.(lead)由狗在前带路，警方正在搜索那个杀人犯。6．Becarefulbecausetheiceistoo_thin_to_supportyourweight.(support)当心，因为冰太薄了承受不了你的重量。7．Ijustwouldn'tliketoleave/have/make_you_frustratedbythisfailureaswell.(frustrate)我只是不想让你们也因为这次失败而觉得沮丧。8．Thenationwere_greatly_shocked_bythenewsthatthefamousfilmstarwaskilledintheaccident.(shock)全国人民对那个著名电影明星死于车祸的消息感到很震惊。9．AsfarasIknow,neverbeforeinhistorywas_a_city_destroyedsocompletely.(destroy)据我所知，历史上从来没有一个城市被如此彻底的摧毁。10．Itwasatthebookstorearoundthecornerthat_I_spottedthisdictionary,andItookitonthespot.(spot)我是在拐角的那家书店看到这本词典的，我当场就买了。Ⅲ.完形填空AbouttenyearsagowhenIwasanundergraduateincollege,IwasworkingasaninternatmyUniversity'sMuseumofNaturalHistory.Onedaywhile__1__atthecashregister(收银机)inthegiftshop,Isawanelderly__2__comeinwithalittlegirlina__3__.AsIlooked__4__atthisgirl,Isawthatshewaskindofperched(困在)onherchair.Ithen__5__shehadnoarmsorlegs,__6__ahead,neckandtorso(躯干).Shewaswearingalittlewhitedress__7__smallreddots.Asthecouple__8__heruptomeIwaslookingdownattheregister.I__9__myheadtowardthegirlandgaveherawink(眨眼).AsItookthe__10__fromhergrandparents,Ilookedbackatthegirl,whowasgivingmethecutest,largest__11__Ihaveeverseen.Allofa__12__herhandicapwas__13__andallIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,whosesmilejustmeltedmeandalmost__14__gavemeacompletelynewsenseofwhatlifeisallabout.Shetookmefromapoor__15__collegestudentand__16__meintoherworld—aworldofsmiles,loveand__17__.Thatwastenyearsago.I'masuccessfulbusinesspersonnowandwheneverI__18__andthinkofthe__19__oftheworld,Ithinkaboutthatlittlegirlandtheremarkable__20__aboutlifethatshetaughtme.1．A.studyingB．sparingC．lookingD．working解析：选D根据上句话中的“Iwasworkingasanintern”可知，作者是在这里工作，故答案选D。2．A.wifeB．coupleC．husbandD．friend解析：选B根据第三段第一句中的“couple”和第三段中的“hergrandparents”可知，此处应用couple一词。故答案选B。3．A.caseB．bicycleC．wheelchairD．car解析：选C根据故事发生的场合和下文对女孩的描述可知，女孩是个没有四肢的残疾人，由此可知，她是坐在轮椅上的，故答案选C，意为“轮椅”。根据第二段第一句中的“onherchair”也可推出答案。4．A.closerB．fartherC．sharplyD．anxiously解析：选A根据语境可知，此处指这个女孩子到了作者跟前，作者能够更近地看到她，故答案选A，意为“更近地”。B“更远地，更深层次地”；C“敏锐地”；D“焦急地”。5．A.recognizedB．realizedC．displayedD．heard解析：选B根据语境可知，作者意识到这个小女孩没有胳膊和腿。A“辨认出”；B“意识到”；C“展示”；D“听到”。故答案选B。6．A.hardlyB．nearlyC．almostD．just解析：选D此处表示：她只有头、脖子和躯干，故答案选D，意为“仅仅”。7．A.onB．inC．withD．for解析：选C句意为：她穿着一件带有小红点的白色衣服。with在此处意为“具有，带有”，符合语境。故答案选C。8．A.removedB．wheeledC．hurriedD．lifted解析：选B根据语境可知，小女孩坐在轮椅上，所以这对夫妇应该是推着小女孩，故答案选B，意为“推，拉(有轮之物)”。A“去掉，拿掉”；C“匆忙”；D“举起”。9．A.turnedB．wavedC．shookD．sank解析：选A根据语境可知，作者正在低头看着收银机，看到小女孩过来时，将目光转向了她，turn符合语境，故答案选A。10．A.paperB．moneyC．giftD．document解析：选B根据语境可知，这对夫妇过来结账，所以此处作者收的是钱，故答案选B。11．A.appearanceB．faceC．smileD．surprise解析：选C根据下文中的“whosesmilejustmeltedme”可知，给作者留下深刻印象的正是小女孩美丽的微笑，故答案选C。12．A.shakeB．suddenC．surpriseD．shock解析：选Ballofasudden是固定短语，意为“突然，一下子”，符合语境。故答案选B。此处指作者一下子被小女孩的微笑打动了。13．A.goneB．returnedC．rewardedD．recovered解析：选A根据下句可知，作者眼里看到的不再是她的残缺，而是美丽的微笑，故答案选A，意为“消失不见的”，此处gone为形容词。14．A.probablyB．eventuallyC．especiallyD．instantly解析：选D此处与上文中“Allofa________”相照应，表示“立刻，马上”，故答案选D。A“可能”；B“最终”；C“尤其”。15．A.excitedB．unhappyC．frightenedD．confident解析：选B根据“poor”可知，所选词应为贬义词；结合语境可知，答案选B，意为“不高兴”。A“兴奋的”；C“害怕的”；D“自信的”。16．A.broughtB．forcedC．drewD．carried解析：选A句意为：她将我这样一个不快乐的穷学生带到了她的世界里。bring...into意为“把……带入”，符合语境。故答案选A。B“强迫”；C“拖拉”；D“搬运”。17．A.coldnessB．warmthC．sadnessD．regret解析：选B根据“love”可知，所选词应该是褒义词，故答案选B，意为“温暖”，与上文中“melted”相照应。18．A.calmdownB．standoutC．breakdownD．turnout解析：选A句意为：我现在是一名成功的商人，并且每当我静下来想到这个世界上的烦心事时，我就会想起那个女孩子，以及她给我上的那堂不同寻常的人生课。A项意为“平静下来”，符合语境。B“出众，显眼”；C“(身体)垮掉，(情绪)失控”；D“结果表明是，证明是”。故答案选A。19．A.intervalsB．laughterC．troublesD．lectures解析：选C此处作者要说明小女孩的微笑对他的影响，如同第一次他不快乐时小女孩的微笑让他振作起来一样，所以选C项，此处指作者遇到的麻烦。A“间隔”；B“笑”；D“演讲”。20．A.lessonB．movementC．gestureD．habit解析：选A根据语境可知，小女孩的微笑让作者对生活有了新的认识，所以小女孩给作者上了一堂不同寻常的人生课，故答案选A。Ⅳ.阅读理解TheforcesthatmakeJapanoneoftheworld'smostearthquake­prone(有地震倾向的)countriescouldbecomepartofitslong­termenergysolution.WaterfromdeepbelowthegroundatJapan'stensofthousandsofhotspringscouldbeusedtoproduceelectricity.AlthoughJapanesehigh­techcompaniesareleadersingeothermal(地热的)technologyandexportit,itsuseislimitedinthenation.“Japanshouldnodoubtmakeuseofitsresourcesofgeothermalenergy，”saidYoshiyasuTakefuji,aleadingresearcherofthermal­electricpowerproduction.ThedisastrousearthquakeandtsunamionMarch11,causedareactionagainstatomicpower,whichpreviouslymadeup30percentofJapan'senergyneeds,andincreasedinterestinalternativeenergies,whichaccountedforonly8percent.ArtistYokoOnohascalledonJapantoexploreitsnaturalenergy,followingtheexampleofIcelandwhichusesrenewableenergyformorethan80percentofitsneeds.Fornow,geothermalenergymakesuplessthan1percentoftheenergyneedsinJapan,whichhasfordecadesreliedheavilyonfossilfuelsandatomicpower.Thebiggestproblemtogeothermalenergyisthehighinitialcostoftheexplorationandconstructingthefactories.AnotherproblemisthatJapan'spotentiallybestsitesarealreadybeingdevelopedfortourismorarelocatedwithinnationalparkswhereconstructionisforbidden.“Wecan'tevendig10cmResearcherHideakiMatsuisaid,“Producingelectricityusinghotspringsisadecades­longproject.Wealsohavetothinkaboutwhattodofornowasenergysupplieswilldeclineintheshortterm.”TheEarthPolicyInstituteinWashington,US,believedJapancouldproduce8,000megawatts(兆瓦)andmeetmorethanhalfitselectricityneedswithgeothermaltechnology.JapanesegiantssuchasToshibaarealreadygloballeadersingeothermaltechnology,witha70percentmarketshare.In,FujiElectricbuilttheworld'slargestgeothermalfactoryinNewZealand.1．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AlternativeenergiesinJapanB．World'slargestgeothermalplantC．JapantakestheleadingeothermaltechnologyD．Japanthinksofgeothermalenergy解析：选D标题归纳题。根据文章第三段的导入和倒数第三段最后一句“Wealsohavetothinkaboutwhattodofornowasenergysupplieswilldeclineintheshortterm”，以及对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要讲的“日本正在考虑如何使用地热”的问题，所以D项最适合做文章的标题。2．WhatpercentageofJapan'senergyneedsisgeothermalenergy?A．About8%.B．Below1%.C．Around30%.D．Over80%.解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章第七段“Fornow,geothermalenergymakesuplessthan1percentoftheenergyneedsinJapan...”可知，答案B符合文意。3．AccordingtoShigetoYamada,thegrowthofgeothermalpowerinJapanneeds________.A．achangeofrulesB．financialsupportC．localpeople'shelpD．hightechnology解析：选A推理判断题。根据文章倒数第四段中的“addingthatregulationsprotectingnaturewouldneedtoberelaxedforgeothermalenergytogrow”可推知，答案A符合文意。4．Geothermalenergyisconsideredasalong­termprogramby________.A．YoshiyasuTakefujiB．HideakiMatsuiC．ShigetoYamadaD．YokoOno解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“ResearcherHideakiMatsuisaid,‘Producingelectricityusinghotspringsisadecades­longproject...’”可知，答案B符合文意。完形填空解题技法(二)上下文暗示解题法在完形填空选项的设置上多考查学生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。因此，在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。开头的题目需要从下文查找信息；中间或最后的试题需要从上下文查找信息。信息常见的四种暗示法：(