Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures 与Listening and Talking 同步练习 2020-2021学年人教版必修第一册

Part2DiscoveringUsefulStructures&Listeningand

Talking

A组

I.单词拼写

1.Becauseoftheearthquake,theelectricity（供应）was

cutoff.

2.Thebabywascryingandthemotherwastryingherbestto

（使平静）him.

3.Dr.Foxwenttothe（帮助）ofthedyingmandespite

havingbeeninjuredinthecrash.

4.Nowadays,volcanoes（爆发）morefrequentlythan

before.

5.Knowingwhatnottodoinan（突发事件）isasimportant

asknowingwhattodo.

n.选词填空________________________________________________

stayawayfrom;intheopenair;taketurns;onhand

1.Theyhadtosleepaftertheearthquake.

2.WhenMomisnotathome,DanandIusuallyto

cook.

3.Hehadabigtaskandhebegantodoitwithout

delay.

4.Ifyoufindyourselfaddictedtocomputergames,you'dbetter

thescreen.

III.单句语法填空

1.Neverbeforehasourcountrybeenso（power）asit

istoday.

2.Mrs.Coxenwasaidedlookingafterthechildrenby

herniece.

3.Alanlookedathimandsaid（calm）,“Ibelieveyou

cangotoyouridealuniversity.,5

4.Thescientistspentyearsaloneintheforest,

（survive）mainlybyeatingwildfruits.

5.Nowadays,canwefindapersonhasnotexperienced

onlineshopping?

6.Ioftenrecallthehappydayswespenttogether

duringoursummerholiday.

7.ThemomentIgothome,Ifoundmyjacket（leave）in

theplayground.

8.Jacksuggested(play)footballafterschool,butI

refusedbecausetheexamwascoming.

IV.揩下列句子合并为含定语从句的句子

1.Thisisthereason.Hegavethereasonforhisbeinglate.

2.Lookattheboyandhisdog.Imeetthemeverydayonmyway

toschool.

3.ThegirlisfromAmerica.HerfatherisaChinese.

4.Whoistheman?Heisdrawingapictureoverthere.

5.Wevisitedtheladyyesterday.ShetaughtusChinesewhenwe

wereinprimaryschool.

6.rvemadefriendswithsomeofthestudents.Imetthemin

theEnglishspeechcontest.

V.仔细体会文章语境,用适当的关系代词that、which、

who、whom或whose填空

AGirlWhoIsGoodatDrawing

Mary]drawingswereshownattheexhibitionlast

monthisamodelstudent2isoftenpraisedforhergood

workatschool.Assoonaswegotintotheexhibitionhallour

attentionwasattractedbyaverylargepicture3washung

onthewallinfrontofus.

Thehorse4wasdrawninthepictureisexactlylike

arealhorse.Theman5isridingonitlookslikealiving

man.

Itisthebestpicture6Ihaveeverseen,andIshould

sayMaryisthebestyoungpainter7Ihaveeverheardof.

However,youwillbequitemistakenifyouthinkthatMarywas

bornagoodpainter.Oneofherteacherstoldmethatithad

takenMarythousandsofhourstolearnandpractisedrawing

untilshebecamethebestyoungpainter8haseverbeen

heardofinherhometown.Butifyousaythatshehaslearned

tobesogoodatdrawingonlybyworkinghardatit,Iwill

certainlyagreewithyou.

1.2.3.4.

5.6.7.8.

B组

I.阅读理解

A

(2020安徽蚌埠一中高一上期中,)

StagesofaHurricane:SimpleStormsGrowintoGiants

Astormprogressesthroughfourdifferentstagesbeforeit

isactuallyconsideredahurricane.Thefirstisatropical

disturbance(热带扰动)，whichhasthunderstormsand

rotating(旋转的)winds.Nextisatropicaldepression(热带彳氏

气压)，whichissimilartoatropicaldisturbance,buthaswinds

between23and39milesperhour.Atropicalstormisthenext

level,whichhasstrongerwindspeedsbetween40and73miles

perhour.Oncewindsreach74milesperhourthestormis

officiallycalledahurricane.Thewindpicksupenergyfrom

thewarmsurfaceofoceanwater.

Asahurricanecrossesoverland,itbeginstobecomeweaker

orbreakapartandreduceinstrength.Thisisbecauseitis

nolongeroverthewarmoceanwaterthatitneedsforenergy.

Atthispoint,ahurricanecanstillcausealotofdamage

becauseofhighwinds,rain,andflood.Butunlessitmakesits

waybackovertheopenocean,itisdowngradedfromahurricane

backtoatropicalstorm.

What'sYourName,Hurricane?

Hurricanesandtropicalstormsaregivennamestohelp

peoplerecognizethem.Scientistsrefertohurricanesand

stormsbynameastheytrackthemacrosstheocean.

Before1953,hurricaneswerenotgivenofficialnames.From

1953to1978,hurricaneswereonlygivenfemalenames,like

Isabel,Camille,Claudette,andWilma.Beginningin1979,

hurricanesweregiventhenamesofbothwomenandmen.Today,

thenamesalternatemaleandfemalenames,andtheyarenamed

inorderofletters.

Forexample,in2010,stormswerenamedasfollows:

Alex(male),Bonnie(female),Colin(male),Danielle(female),

Earl(male)andsoon...

Therearesixdifferentlistsofnamesthatchange,sothe

samenamesareusedeverysixyears.Theonlywaythatanew

nameisaddediswhenahurricanehasbeenparticularlydeadly

orcostlyandthenameisretired,andthenreplacedwithanew

one.

1.Whathappenswhenahurricanecrossesoverland?

A.Itbreaksapartandformstornadoes.

B.Itreturnstotheoceanafterwards.

C.Itmovesmorequickly.

D.Itbecomeslesspowerful.

2.Theunderlinedword“alternate“inparagraph4means

“，，

A.taketurnsbetween

B.carryon

C.comefrom

D.causetroubleto

3.Whatdoweknowaboutthehurricanes?

A.Sixcommonhurricanenamesareoftenused.

B.Anoldnameisreplacedeveryyear.

C.Mostofthemaredeadlyandcostly.

D.Theydidn'thaveofficialnamesuntil1953.

B

（2021北京昌平区新学道临川学校高一上12月月考,）

RecentlywheneverIturnedonmycomputerormymobilephone,

newsaboutthegreateffectofHurricaneHarvey（哈维飓风）on

thousandsofpeoplecaughtmyeye.Isawmanyunfortunateevents.

However,therewasalsolotsofbrightnewsthatshowedthe

goodnessofmankind.Asareporter,Ireportedmanyhuman

intereststorieswhendoingmyjob.That'swhythestoryabout

theguysinabakery（面包店）caughtmyeye.

WhentheworkersataMexicanbakerychaininHoustonwere

trappedinsidethebuildingfortwodays,theydidn'tsitthere

feelingsorryforthemselves.Theyusedtheirtimewiselyafter

floodingcausedbyHurricaneHarvey.Whilewaitingforthe

eventualrescuethatcameonMondaymorning,thefourworkers

decidedtomakeasmanyloavesofbreadaspossibleforpeople

aroundtheneighborhood.Theytalkedtotheirmanagerabout

theirplanoverthephoneandthemanageragreed.

Thefloodwaterroseinthestreetoutside.Theytook

advantageoftheiremergencypowersupplytobakebread.They

usedmorethan4,200poundsofflour（面粉）tocreatehundreds

ofloavesandsheetsofsweetbread.Althoughthewaterkept

rising,theycontinuedbakingtohelpmorepeople.Bythetime

themanagermanagedtogettothem,theyhadmadesomuchbread

thattheytooktheloavestolotsofemergencycentersacross

thecityforpeopleaffectedbythefloods.

Thestoremanager,BrianAlvarado,toldTheIndependent,

"They'vedonemorethantheyshouldhavedone.Andwhatthey

haddonehaslitalightforpeople.Ifeelluckytohavethem

workinthebakery.”

Wheneveradisasteroccurs,nobodyshouldfeelforlorn.

Instead,weshouldstayhopefulandtakepositiveactiontosave

ourselvesandhelpothers.Ouractsofkindnesswillmakeabig

differencetothepeopleintheworldaswellastheworld

itself.

4.Whydidthestoryinthebakerydrawtheauthor'sattention?

A.Becauseitwashelpfulinchoosingagoodjob.

B.Becauseitmadehim/herinterestedinbaking.

C.Becauseitcouldbringhim/hermuchmoney.

D.Becauseitshowedthegoodnessofmankind.

5.Whatdidtheguysinthebakerydointhedisaster?

A.Theytriedtogetpeopleoutofwater.

B.Theysetupemergencycenterstohelp.

C.Theyofferedtomakebreadforpeople.

D.Theylethomelesspeopleliveinthebakery.

6.WhatdoesBrianAlvaradothinkofthefourworkers?

A.Hefoundthemlucky.

B.Hewasproudofthem.

C.Theywereexperienced.

D.Theywereshybutbrave.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“forlorn“inthelastparagraph

probablymean?

A.Hopeless.

B.Confident.

C.Serious.

D.Angry.

II.语法填空

(2021山东新高考质量联盟高一上12月联考,)

Formedin2001,theChinaInternationalSearchandRescue

Team(CISAR)bringshelpandhopetothose]livesare

changedbynaturaldisasters.

Theteamwentonitsfirstinternationalrescuemissionin

2003.ItwasthefirsttimethataChineseteam2

(work)outsideChina,andtheteamwonhighpraise3their

braveryandskills.Thelistofpeopletowhomhelphasbeen

giveneversince4(be)long.Theteamtreatedmorethan

3,000peoplewhowereinjuredinthe2006earthquakein

Indonesia,andspentseveralmonths5(give)aidtoover

25,000victimsofthe2010floodsinPakistan.

Rescueworkers6(train)tofindpeople,treatthe

injured,andhandoutfood,water,andothersupplies.There

is7(usual)noelectricityorwaterafteradisasterand

diseasesandaccidentsmayappear.8(save)lives,rescue

workershavetoworkdayandnight,andsadlytheymustalso

bury9dead,whichmeanstheyhavetobestronginboththe

bodyandthemind.Rescueworkersmusthavebighearts,too.

Ofcourse,they,11havetotake10(effect)measuresin

action.ThemembersoftheCISARarealwaysreadytogowherever

helpisneeded.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

答案全解全析

A组

I.1.supply2.calm3.aid4.erupt5.emergency

II.1.intheopenair2.taketurns3.onhand4.stayaway

from

III.1.powerful考查形容词。句意:我们的国家从来没有像今天这样

强大过。此处需用形容词作表语，故填Powerful。

2.in考查固定搭配。句意:Coxen太太有她侄女帮忙照看孩子们。

aidsb.indoingsth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,故填in。

3.calmly考查副词。句意:Alan看着他，平静地说:“我相信你能上

你理想的大学。”此处修饰动词said应用副词形式,故填calmlyo

4.surviving考查现在分词。句意:这位科学家独自在森林里待了好

几年,主要靠吃野果生存。分析可知，设空处作状语,Thescientist

与survive之间为主动关系,故填现在分词surviving。

5.that/who考查定语从句。句意:如今,我们能找到一个没有网购经

历的人吗?设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词aperson,指人,关系词

在从句中作主语,故用关系代词that或whoo

6.that/which考查定语从句。句意:我经常回忆起暑假期间我们一

起度过的快乐的日子。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词thehappy

days,指物，目从句中缺少动词spent的宾语,所以填关系代词that

或whicho

分析

本题填when,当先行词为表示时间的名词时,需要弄清楚关系词

在从句中作什么成分,如果是作时间状语,则用when,如果是作主语或

宾语,则用that或whicho

7.left考查过去分词。句意:我刚到家就发现我把夹克落在操场上

了。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作宾语补足语,且myjacket与

leave为被动关系,故填过去分词left。

8.Playing考查动名词。句意:Jack建议放学后去踢足球，但是因为

快要考试了，我拒绝了。suggestdoingsth.意为“建议做某事”。故

填playingo

IV.1.Thisisthereasonwhich/thathegaveforhisbeinglate.

2.LookattheboyandhisdogthatImeeteverydayonmyway

toschool.

3.ThegirlwhosefatherisaChineseisfromAmerica.

4.Whoisthemanthatisdrawingapictureoverthere?

5.Wevisitedtheladywho/thattaughtusChinesewhenwewere

inprimaryschoolyesterday.

6.I'vemadefriendswithsomeofthestudentswho/thatImet

intheEnglishspeechcontest.

V.1.whose先行词是Mary,关系词在从句中作定语。

2.who/that先行词是amodelstudent,指人,关系词在从句中作主

语。

3.that/which先行词是averylargepicture,指物，关系词在从

句中作主语。

4.which/that先行词是Thehorse,关系词在从句中作主语。

5.who/that先行词是Theman,指人,关系词在从句中作主语。

6.that先行词被最高级修饰,关系词在从句中作haveeverseen的

宾语。

分析

本题填which。需要注意的是当先行词被最高级修饰、先行词是

形容最高级、先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时，宜用that,而不用

whicho

7.that/who/whom先行词是thebestyoungpainter,指人，关系词

在从句中作介词of的宾语。

8.that/who先行词是thebestyoungpainter,指人，关系词在从

句中作主语。

B组

I.A

◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了飓风的四个阶段和其命

名方式。

1.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句"Asahurricanecrosses

overland,itbeginstobecomeweakerorbreakapartandreduce

instrength.”可知，当飓风越过陆地时,它开始变得越来越弱,故选Do

2.A词义猜测题。根据文章第五段内容可知,风暴的名字是按照字母

顺序交替选取男子名和女子名的。由此推知画线单词的含义为“交替

选取"。故选A。B项“继续”;C取，来自”;D项“给......惹麻烦”。

3.D细节理解题。由文章第四段第一句"Before1953,hurricanes

werenotgivenofficialnames.”可知，1953年以前，飓风没有正式

的名字。故选DoA项“六个常见的飓风名字经常被使用”与文中最后

一段第一句话（有六个不同的会改变的名字列表,所以相同的名字每

六年使用一次。）表述不符;B项“一个旧的名字每年都会被替换”与最

后一段最后一句（添加新名字的唯一方式是，当一场飓风特别致命或

造成巨大损失,原来的名字不能用了,然后用一个新名字代替的时候。）

不相符;C项“它们中的大部分是致命的且造成巨大损失的”,文中并未

做出此方面的具体说明，故错误。

【高频词汇】1.progress匕继续行进;进展进步;前进

2.stage阶段;时期3.besimilarto与...类似4.recognize

此辨别出；认出；认可5.referto提及；涉及；参考；查阅

6.officialadj.正式的；官方的7.track匕追踪；跟踪

8.particularlyad匕尤其;特别9.deadly&力’.致命的10.costly

a办.造成损失的;昂贵的

长难句分析

原句Theonlywaythatanewnameisaddediswhenahurricane

hasbeenparticularlydeadlyorcostlyandthenameisretired,

andthenreplacedwithanewone.

分析本句为主从复合句。句子的主干是一个主系表结构,主语为The

onlyway,主语后为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词way,when在句

中引导表语从句。

句意增加一个新名字的唯一方式是当一场飓风特别致命或造成重

大损失，（原来的）名字不能用了,然后用一个新的名字代替的时候。

B

◎语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。哈维飓风到来时,面包店员工被困,

他们决定为周围的人们做面包,这一举动产生了重大影响。

4.D细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“However,therewasalso

lotsofbrightnewsthatshowedthegoodnessof

mankind...caughtmyeye.”可知，面包店的故事引起了作者的注意是

因为它显示了人类的善良。故选D。其余三项信息在文中均未提及。

5.C细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Whilewaitingforthe

eventualrescuethatcameonMondaymorning,thefourworkers

decidedtomakeasmanyloavesofbreadaspossibleforpeople

aroundtheneighborhood.”可知，虽然面包店的员工被困在大楼里，

但他们主动提出为人们做面包。故选C。其余三项信息在文中均未提

及。

6.B推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的"They'vedonemore

thantheyshouldhavedone.Andwhattheyhaddonehaslita

lightforpeople.Ifeelluckytohavethemworkinthebakery.”

可知,面包店经理BrianAlvarado对员工的评价很高,即他为四位员

工的行为感到骄傲。故选BoA项“他发现他们是幸运的”与倒数第二

段中的“Ifeelluckytohavethemworkinthebakery."（"I"指"面

包店经理”）描述不符；C项“他们是有经验的”文中未提及;D项“他们很

害羞，但是很勇敢”文中未提及相关信息。

7.A词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的后一句"Instead,weshould

stayhopefulandtakepositiveactiontosaveourselvesandhelp

others.（相反,我们应该抱有希望并采取积极的行动来拯救自己和帮

助别人。）”中的Instead可知后句与前句在意思上构成转折关系，再

由hopeful可推知,画线词的意思是“绝望的"。故选A°B项“自信的”;C

项“严肃的”;D项“生气的”。

【高频词汇】1.catchone'seye引起某人的注意;吸引某人的视

线2.eventuala4/.最终的；最后的3.takeadvantageof利用

4.manage匕完成（困难的事）；勉力完成；能解决（问题）5.occurvi.

发生；出现6.makeadifference起作用；有影响7.drawone's

attention吸引某人的注意8.experiencedad/有经验的;熟练的

长难句分析

原句Bythetimethemanagermanagedtogettothem,theyhad

madesomuchbreadthattheytooktheloavestolotsofemergency

centersacrossthecityforpeopleaffectedbythefloods.

分析本句为主从复合句。Bythetimethemanagermanagedtoget

tothem为Bythetime引导的时间状语从句;so...that...引导结

果状语从句,其中,affectedbythefloo