高中新课标人教英语必修第三册（教学指导）Unit2SectionⅣListeningandTalkingReadingforWriting

SectionⅣListeningandTalking&ReadingforWriting阅读Reading2中的材料，选出最佳选项1．What'stheresponseofthemilkmantothelargestoneontheroad？He．A．pickeditupB．wentawayleavingthestoneunmovedC．moveditoutoftheroadD．crashedintothestone2．Howdidthekingteachanimportantlessontohispeople?A．Bygivingthemsomegoldcoins.B．Bytellingthemaninterestingstory.C．Bytestinghispeople'sresponsetohisidea.D．Byhelpinghispeoplecleantheroad.3．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Thewomancriedbecauseshedidnotfindthegoldcoins.B．Thekingwantedtohidehisgoldcoinsunderthestone.C．Somewomenmadeanattempttomovethestone，butfailed.D．Thegirlmanagedtomovethestonetothesideofthestreet.[答案]1－3BCDWordsAndPhrases知识要点1assistvt.帮助；协助；援助(教材P18)Despitethedifficultsituation，DrBethunedidwhateverhecouldtoassisttheChinesepeople.不顾局势艰难，白求恩博士竭尽所能地来帮助中国人。[例1]You'llfindyourcolleaguesveryeagertoassistyou.你将发现你的同事们会热情地帮助你。[例2]Wewillhavehandyrobotsandcomputerstoassistuswiththethingsthatareboring.我们将会有便捷的机器人和电脑来帮助我们处理那些枯燥无味的事情。[知识拓展](1)assistsb.todosth. 帮助某人做某事assistsb.withsth. 帮助某人某事assistsb.indoingsth. 帮助某人做某事(2)assistancen. 帮助；协助cometoone'sassistance 援助某人(3)assistantn. 助手；助理；售货员[提示]assist只是表示辅助性的帮助；aid多指经济上或其他方面急需的援助；help用法则比较广泛，常用于日常谈话中，表示任何形式的帮助。[即学即练](1)单句语法填空①Theguidemanagedtoassistthetouriststofind(find)somewheretoliveduringtheRussiaWorldCup.②Withtheassistance(assist)ofhisteacher,hegraduallyadjustedtotheschoollife.③We'relookingforvolunteerswhowouldbewillingtoassistuswiththegroup'swork.④Marywaschosenasanassistant(assist)tohelpMr.Brownfinishhisresearch.(2)一句多译在我的日常生活中，我认为帮助母亲做家务是我的责任。①Inmydailylife，Ithinkitismydutytoassistmymotherwiththehousework.②Inmydailylife，Ithinkitismydutytoassistmymothertodothehousework.③Inmydailylife，Ithinkitismydutytoassistmymotherindoingthehousework.知识要点2harmn．&vt.伤害；损害(教材P20)Istherenooneinthisvillagewhofeelsanyresponsibilitytokeeptheirneighboursfromharm?难道这个村子里就没有主动承担保护邻居避免受伤害的责任吗？[例1]Modernfarmingmethodshavedoneconsiderableharmtothecountryside.现代的耕作方式已经对乡村造成了很大的损害。[例2]Stayinguptoolateharmsourhealth.熬夜太晚伤害我们的身体。[知识拓展](1)dosb./sth.harm(＝doharmtosb./sth.) 对……造成伤害thereisnoharmindoingsth. 做某事无害处(2)harmfuladj. 有害的beharmfulto 对……有害harmlessadj. 无害的[即学即练](1)单句语法填空①Asweallknow，smokingisharmful(harm)tohealth.②Staringatthescreenofthecomputerwilldoharmtoyoureyes.③Thereisnoharmingivinggiftstochildren，buttheyshouldnotberewards.(2)一句多译众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对你的健康有害。①Whatisknowntousisthateatingtoomuchjunkfoodisharmfultoyourhealth．(harmful)②Itisknowntousthateatingtoomuchjunkfooddoesharmtoyourhealth．(harmn．)知识要点3agreatdeal(of)大量；许多(教材P20)Afteragreatdealofeffort，shefinallysucceededinmovingittothesideofthestreet.经过一番努力之后，她终于成功地把石头搬到大路边上了。[例1]Joanpassedherexam，whichsurprisedmeagreatdeal.琼通过了考试，这让我很惊讶。[例2]Thepolicegainedagreatdealofusefulinformationabouttheorganization.警方收集到了大量关于该组织的有用信息。[造句]19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从一个以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会Inthelate19thcentury，Europechangedagreatdeal，fromamostlyagriculturalsocietytoamostlyindustrialone.[知识拓展](1)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(agreat/largenumberof,agreat/goodmany,quiteafew))eq\a\vs4\al(＋可数名词复数＋复数,谓语)(2)thenumberof＋可数名词复数＋单数谓语(3)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(agreatdealof,agreat/largeamountof))＋不可数名词(4)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(alotof/lotsof,amountsof,agreat/largequantityof/quantitiesof,massesof,plentyof))＋eq\a\vs4\al(可数名词,复数或不,可数名词)[提示](1)agreatdeal“大量；许多”，是一个名词短语。agreatdealof后接不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。(2)agreat/gooddeal也可以作副词短语，可用于修饰形容词、副词比较级，还可以修饰动词作状语。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thechangesthistimemaybelimited，buttheyareagreatdealbetter(good)thannomovementatall.②Inthepastfiveyearsagreatdealofmoneyhasbeenspent(spend)improvingtheenvironmentoftheschool.SentencePatterns重点句式neither...nor既不……也不……(教材P20)Neithershenorherfriendsthoughtaboutmovingthestoneoutoftheroad.她和她的朋友们都没有想过把石头从大路上挪开。句式分析：neither...or...“既不……也不……”，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。[例1]Tobehonest，Ihaveneithertimenormoneyfortheball.诚实地说，我既没有时间也没有金钱参加舞会。[例2]Lastnightneithermywifenormyparentswereabletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind.昨天晚上我妻子和我父母都没能说服我女儿改变主意。[造句]人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.[知识拓展]遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词：either...or... 不是……就是……notonly...butalso... 不仅……而且……not...but... 不是……而是……[例3]Asisknowntoall，notonlythenursesbutalsothedoctorisverykindtothepatients.众所周知，护士和医生都对病人非常和蔼。[例4]Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsistoattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Notyoubutthescientistis(be)toattendtheceremonytobeheldinourschool.②Neitherthefathernorthechildrenwere(be)interestedinthefilm.应用文之人物介绍——抓主题析人物特征，比对定答案不同的几个人物，依靠某一个特定的主题放置在一起，考查考生读文的各种技巧，这是高考语篇中人物介绍类应用文的命题特点。此类文章的破解关键在于：首先要抓住把几位人物链接在一起的纽带，即文章主题；其次要抓住每个人物自身的特点；然后迅速浏览题干，依据题干中的关键词到文中寻找与之相关的“信息区间”，比对即可得出答案。[高考典例]2016·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇[抓文章主题，析不同人物特征]首段点明主题。YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas，butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow，whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?人物1职业成就JaneAddams(1860­1935)AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社区)bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize．人物2成就RachelCarson(1907­1964)Ifitweren'tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld'slakesandoceans.人物3事件成就SandraDayO'Connor(1930­present)WhenSandraDayO'ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman．ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(参议员)and，in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU．S.SupremeCourt.O'Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.人物4事件成就RosaParks(1913­2005)OnDecember1，1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger．HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil­rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas，wastiredofgivingin，”saidParks.[读文解题技法]1.读首段，明主题通读第一段，可知本文主题应是介绍几位优秀女性。2．关注不同人物特征从下面4位人物介绍中知晓发生在她们身上的事及她们取得的成就。3．题文比对得出答案抓住题干中的关键词，然后到文中寻找相应人物的特征，比对即可得出答案。[由不同人物特征，定位比对归纳出答案]21．Whatiseq\x(JaneAddams)notedforinhistory?A．Hersocialwork.B．Herteachingski