2024年甘肃兰州中考英语试卷真题及答案详解（精校打印）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2024年兰州市初中学业水平考试英语注意事项：1.全卷共90分，考试时间90分钟。2.考生必须将姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号等个人信息填（涂）写在试卷及答题卡上。3.考生务必将答案直接填（涂）写在答题卡的相应位置上。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。一、完形填空（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。PengJingxuan,agirlfromHunan,waswell-knownforplayingtheguzhengneartheEiffelTower2018.Thebeautifulmelodies(旋律)fromherguzhengtonsofattentionfromlisteners.Shehasbeenplayingtheguzhengsinceshewas7yearsold.Sheplayingtheguzheng,anancientmusicalinstrumentthatdatesbackmorethan2,500years.Shewenttoforfurtherstudytheyearbefore2018andfoundthatstreetperformancesinPariswereverypopular.Shetriedplayingtheguzhengonthestreetsreceivedawarmwelcome.“IwanttotheChinesestorieswellinmyownway,”PengJingxuansaid.“Iplayedmanywonderfulpiecesonthestreets.ThemoreIplayed,prouderIfelt”.Shepickedmusic,includingtraditionalguzhengpiecesandpopsongswithChineseelements.“Mydreamistomakemorepeoplebeintheguzheng,”shesaid.“Also,therearelotsofexcellentspreadingtraditionalChineseculturearoundtheworld”.1．A．on B．in C．at D．for2．A．got B．gave C．paid D．showed3．A．finishes B．avoids C．loves D．minds4．A．America B．France C．Canada D．Australia5．A．but B．so C．or D．and6．A．tell B．speak C．talk D．say7．A．a B．an C．/ D．the8．A．nervously B．carefully C．suddenly D．unexpectedly9．A．interested B．strict C．poor D．weak10．A．doctors B．workers C．artists D．scientists二、阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面三段材料，根据材料内容和要求，从题后选项中选择一个最佳答案。ADoyoulikereading?Doyouwanttoreadmorebooks?Therearelotsofbooksintheschoollibrary.Teachersandstudentsarewelcometoreadorborrowbooks.Remembertotaketheschoollibrarycard.SchoolLibraryCardName

LiHuaClass

Class6,Grade8No.

00011.Usethecardonlybyyourself.2.Reportifthecardislost.3.Borrowtwobooksatmosteachtime.4.Returnthebookswithintwoweeks.Openingtime:8a.m.-6p.m.onschooldays11．Whocanusethisschoollibrarycard?A．OnlyLiHua. B．LiHua’sparents. C．LiHua’steachers. D．LiHua’sfriends.12．Howmanyrulescanyouseeintheschoollibrarycard?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.13．Whatisnotmentionedintheschoollibrarycard?A．Name. B．Class. C．Number. D．Address.14．Howlongcanthebooksborrowedfromthelibrarybekeptatmost?A．Fortwodays. B．Fortwoweeks. C．Fortwoweekdays. D．Fortwoschooldays.15．Whatcanweknowfromtheschoollibrarycard?A．LiHuaisinClass6,Grade7. B．LiHua’scardnumberis1000.C．LiHuaisamiddleschoolstudent. D．LiHuacanborrowbooksonSundays.BThedogdays,alsocalledSanfutianinChinese,refertothehottestandmosthumiddaysoftheyear.Thishottestperiodcanbedifferentfromyeartoyear.ItstartsinJulyandlastsforabout30to40days.Ithasthreestages:Chufu.ZhongfuandMofu.Zhongfuisusuallythehottestofthethree.Becauseofthehightemperatures,peoplemayfeeluncomfortableandhaveapoorappetite(胃口).Someevengetsickfromeatingtoomanycoldfoods.Tostayhealthy,itisimportanttochoosetheproperfoodsduringthedogdays.Foodswhichareeasytodigest(消化)andfullofprotein(蛋白质),aregoodchoices,suchasvariousvegetables,chicken,eggsandpeanuts.It’sbetternottoeatuncooked,coldorspicyfoods.Besideschoosingtheproperfoods,thetasteofadishisalsoimportant.Sourtastecanimprovetheappetiteandbittertastemakespeoplefeelrefreshed.Asasayinggoes,“Eatingachickenatthebeginningofthedogdayswillkeepyouhealthyforawholeyear.”Therefore,assoonasthedogdaysarrive,itwillbebetterforyoutochooseproperfoodstokeephealthy.16．Whichofthefollowingstatementscandescribethedogdaysproperly?A．Thewarmestdaysoftheyear. B．Thecoolestdaysoftheyear.C．Thehottestdaysoftheyear. D．Thecoldestdaysoftheyear.17．Whatcanpeoplechoosetoeatduringthedogdaysinthepassage?A．Coldfoods. B．Spicyfoods. C．Uncookedfoods. D．Foodsfullofprotein.18．HowmanydaysarethereinZhongfuthisyearaccordingtothepicture?A．10. B．20. C．30. D．40.19．WhatistheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4?A．“起伏吃只鸡，一年好身体。” B．“中伏食仙草，酷暑绕道走。”C．“头伏吃三宝，健康少不了。” D．“末伏吃三宝，不劳郎中跑。”20．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Thesayingaboutthedogdays. B．Thefeelingofthedogdays.C．Theknowledgeaboutthedogdays. D．Theweatherduringthedogdays.CSmarthomesarebecomingmoreandmorepopularthesedays.Whatisasmarthome?Asmarthomeisalivingspacewithadvancedtechnology.Itallowsyoutocontroldifferentdevices(装置)inyourhomebyjusttappingonyoursmartphone—whetheryou’reathomeoronyourwaytowork.Smarthomesincludesmartdevicesandsystems,suchaslocks,fridges,bulbs,washingmachines...Youmaywonderhowtheywork.Smartspeakersareusedtoplaymusicoranswerquestionswithvoices.Smartlightingsystemcanbecontrolledremotelyaccordingtoyourschedule.Smartfridgesmightsuggestrecipesandevenorderfoodsyouneed.Allthesedevicesworktogetherasonetomakeyourhomesmarterandyourlifeeasier.Whataretheadvantagesofasmarthome?Firstly,itisconvenient.Youcancontrolyourhomewithsmartphonesorvoices.Secondly,it’shelpfultoavoidtheunnecessarywaste,soitpossiblybenefitstheenvironment.Thirdly,ifanythingunusualhappensaroundyourhome,thesystemsmaybegintoworktoprotectyouandyourhomeimmediately.However,itmaynotbeforeverybody.Smartdevicesaretypicallymoreexpensivethanthetraditionalones.What’smore,smarthomesystemsrelyonconnectivityanddata(数据)collection,soprivacyconcernsmayarise.Eachcoinhastwosides,sodosmarthomes.It’suptoyoutodesignyourownlivingenvironment.21．Whatisasmarthomeaccordingtothepassage?A．Alivingspacewithbulbs. B．Alivingspacewithfridges.C．Alivingspacewithwashingmachines. D．Alivingspacewithadvancedtechnology.22．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraphIreferto?A．Asmarthome. B．Asmartspeaker. C．Asmartsystem. D．Asmartlock.23．Whyaresmarthomesbecomingmoreandmorepopularthesedays?A．Becausetheyfitallthepeople.B．Becausetheymaycollectdataeasily.C．Becausetheyarecheaperthanthetraditionalones.D．Becausetheycanmakeyourlifesafe,convenientandenvironmentallyfriendly.24．Whatisthestructureofthepassage?A． B． C． D．25．Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanyouprobablyreadthepassage?A．Sports. B．Technology. C．Nature. D．Art.三、任务型完形填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺，结构正确。（每个单词限用一次）ear

changeable

work

snow

something

also

while

dry

they

untilHaveyoueverbeentoDali?DaliisquiteabeautifulplaceinYunnan.Thewind,theflowers,the26andthemoonarenotonlylandscapesandstylesofDali,but27itsrealsceneriesandcountlessstories.Therearenineteenpeaks(山峰)intheCangshanMountain,allof28aresnow-capped.Thismountain,whichextendsacrossDali,runsfromnorthtosouth,29itreachesthissmalltownwithspringintheair.ItisacompaniontotheErhaiLakeforthousandsofyears.ThecloudsoftheCangshanMountainare30.Whenthecloudsappear,fishingboatsaren’tallowedto31inthelake.Nomatterwhatgoodweatheritisnow,itwillsoonbewindyandthetides(潮汐)willbesohigh.Itseemsthatthestrongwindwouldonlystopwhenthewaterinthelakebecame32.TheErhaiLakeandtheCangshanMountainmakeeachotherbetter.Theshapeofthelakelookslikea(n)33.Manypeoplecomehereeveryyear.Theywon’tdo34exceptsittinginthecourtyardofafolkinn,enjoyingthebreeze(微风)fromthelakeandthenicesceneries.35ridingabikebetweentheErhaiLakeandtheCangshanMountain,youarereallyinawonderland.四、任务型阅读理解（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，按要求完成后面的小题。TheBellyandtheMembersInformertimes,ourbelly,hands,legs,mouthandteethweregoodfriends.Theyworkedtogetheralldayandallnight.Oneday,therewasanargumentamongthemembers.“Eachofusisuniqueandimportant.Whydowehavetoworkforthebelly?Heissolazythathedoesnothingbuteatingeveryday,”thehandscomplained.“Youareright!”noddedthemouth,thentheothermembers.“Wearetiredandwedon’twanttoworkforhimanymore!”Theyreachedagreement.Fromthenon,everythingstopped.Thehandswerenolongertocarryfoodtothemouth,northemouthtoreceivethefood,northeteethtochewthefood.Theyfeltrelaxed________anywork.Howexcitedtheywere!Severaldayslater,theybecameweakerandweaker.Finally,theygotsickandbegan,onebyone,tofailandflag.Themembersrealizedthatalthoughthebellyseemedtobecumbersome(笨重的)anduseless,itplayedanimportantroleofitsown.Theywerealsoconvincedthattheycoulddonothingwithoutthebellyandthebellycoulddonothingwithoutthem.Onlybyworkingtogether,couldtheystayhealthy.36．Whathappenedamongthemembersoneday?.37．Whatdidthehandsthinkofthebelly?.38．请结合文意，在文中________处填入一个适当的介词，使上下文通顺、连贯。.39．Theunderlinedword“flag”inparagraph5means“________”inChinese.（请选择A或B）A．旗；旗帜 B．疲乏；变弱40．Ifyouwerethebelly,whatwouldyouliketosaytotheothermembersattheendofthestory?（请用一句话表述）.五、词汇考查（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。41．Juneisthe（six）monthofayear.42．Itookaquickshowerandgot(dress).43．Idon’thaveavolleyball,butmybrotherJim(do).44．Iwonderifthey’ll(have)theracesagainnextyear.45．HewenttoLanzhouto(visit)ZhongshanBridge.46．Itisvery(use)tobeabletospeakaforeignlanguage.47．Thesenice(photo)weretakenbymyteacherslastweek.48．Wehadabadtimethatday,butthenext(day)tripwasprettygood.49．—IsTomathome?—He’snothere,canItakeamessagefor(he)?50．Learningisalifelongjourney.Learn(wise)andlearnwell.六、书面表达（满分15分）51．2024兰州马拉松于5月26日在金城兰州圆满落幕，来自国内外的四万名选手共跑“百里黄河风情线”，感受“交响丝路·如意甘肃”的独特魅力。此次赛事的成功举办，不仅提升了兰州的知名度和美誉度，更激发了市民的自豪感和归属感。请你以“MarathoninMyEyes”为题写一篇英文短文，在班级英语沙龙活动中分享对此项赛事的看法。内容要求：1.短文应包括以上思维导图中所有提示内容；2.提出个人看法及观点。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；3.文中不能出现真实的人名、校名等个人信息；4.文章标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数，不用抄写在答题卡上。MarathoninMyEyesThisyear,2024LanzhouMarathonwassuccessfullyheld.Ifeelproudofmyhometown.I’dliketosharemyideaswithyou.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．B2．A3．C4．B5．D6．A7．D8．B9．A10．C【导语】本文讲述了古筝演奏者彭静旋在法国巴黎的街头演奏古筝，希望通过自己的音乐吸引人们对中国古筝的兴趣，以此传播中国文化和传统。1．句意：2018年，来自湖南的女孩彭静旋因在埃菲尔铁塔附近演奏古筝而闻名。on后接具体某一天；in后接年、月、季节等；at后接具体时刻；for后接一段时间。此处指在2018年，年份前应用介词in。故选B。2．句意：她的古筝优美的旋律吸引了无数听众的注意。got得到；gave给；paid支付；showed展示。根据“…tonsofattentionfromlisteners”可知，此处指得到很多听众的注意，用got。故选A。3．句意：她喜欢演奏古筝，这是一种可以追溯到2500多年前的古老乐器。finishes结束；avoids避免；loves喜爱；minds介意。根据“She…playingtheguzheng”可知，此处指她喜欢弹奏古筝。故选C。4．句意：2018年的前一年，她去法国留学，发现巴黎的街头表演非常受欢迎。America美国；France法国；Canada加拿大；Australia澳大利亚。根据“andfoundthatstreetperformancesinParis”可知，她去法国留学，发现巴黎街头表演很受欢迎。故选B。5．句意：她试着在街上弹古筝，受到了热烈的欢迎。but但是；so因此；or或者；and和。“triedplayingtheguzhengonthestreets”和“receivedawarmwelcome”之间是并列关系，用and连接。故选D。6．句意：“我想用我自己的方式把中国故事讲好，”彭静旋说。tell讲述；speak发言；talk谈论；say说。根据“theChinesestorieswell”可知，此处指讲述中国故事。故选A。7．句意：我演奏得越多，就越感到自豪。a不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词；the定冠词。此处是“the+比较级,the+比较级”，意为“越……，越……”。故选D。8．句意：她认真挑选音乐，包括传统古筝和中国元素的流行歌曲。nervously紧张地；carefully认真地；suddenly突然；unexpectedly出乎意料地。根据“She…pickedmusic,includingtraditionalguzhengpiecesandpopsongswithChineseelements.”可知，此处指她认真挑选在街头演奏的中国音乐。故选B。9．句意：“我的梦想是让更多人对古筝感兴趣，”她说。interested感兴趣的；strict严格的；poor可怜的；weak虚弱的。根据“Mydreamistomakemorepeoplebe…intheguzheng”可知，此处指她想让更多人对古筝感兴趣。beinterestedinsth.“对某事感兴趣”。故选A。10．句意：此外，还有很多优秀的艺术家在世界各地传播中国传统文化。doctors医生；workers工人；artists艺术家；scientists科学家。根据“therearelotsofexcellent…spreadingtraditionalChineseculturearoundtheworld”可知，彭静旋弹奏古筝，属于艺术领域，此处指还有很多艺术家在世界各地传播中国传统文化。故选C。11．A12．D13．D14．B15．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了一张学校图书馆借书卡的信息。11．细节理解题。根据“Usethecardonlybyyourself.”可知，借书卡只能被本人使用。结合“NameLiHua”可知，只有李华能使用。故选A。12．细节理解题。根据“1.Usethecardonlybyyourself.2.Reportifthecardislost.3.Borrowtwobooksatmosteachtime.4.Returnthebookswithintwoweeks.”可知，借书卡上有四条规则。故选D。13．细节理解题。根据“NameLiHua”、“ClassClass6.Grade8”及“No.0001”可知，借书卡上有姓名、班级、编号，没有提到地址。故选D。14．细节理解题。根据“4.Returnthebookswithintwoweeks.”可知，在图书馆中借的书可以保留2个星期。故选B。15．细节理解题。根据“ClassClass6,Grade8”可知，李华是一名八年级的学生，他是一名中学生。故选C。16．C17．D18．B19．A20．C【导语】本文介绍了三伏天，一年中最炎热和潮湿的时段。文章强调了高温期间饮食选择的重要性，建议食用易消化、富含蛋白质的食物，避免生冷辛辣，以保持健康，并提及了民间认为三伏天吃鸡肉有益的传统。16．细节理解题。根据“Thedogdays,alsocalledSanfutianinChinese,refertothehottestandmosthumiddaysoftheyear.”可知，三伏天是一年中最热的日子。故选C。17．细节理解题。根据“Tostayhealthy,itisimportanttochoosetheproperfoodsduringthedogdays.Foodswhichareeasytodigest(消化)andfullofprotein(蛋白质),aregoodchoices”可知，在三伏天应该吃富含蛋白质的食物。故选D。18．细节理解题。根据图片中“ZhongfuJuly25th-August13th”可知，今年中伏时间段是7月25日至8月13日，共20天。故选B。19．词句猜测题。划线句子Eatingachickenatthebeginningofthedogdayswillkeepyouhealthyforawholeyear意为“在三伏天开始时吃一只鸡会让你健康一整年”，选项A“起伏吃只鸡，一年好身体”符合意思。故选A。20．主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要介绍了三伏天的相关知识，包括时间、饮食选择等。故选C。21．D22．A23．D24．C25．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了什么是智能家居，以及智能家居的优缺点。21．细节理解题。根据“Whatisasmarthome?Asmarthomeisalivingspacewithadvancedtechnology.”可知，智能家居是一个拥有先进技术的生活空间。故选D。22．推理判断题。根据“Asmarthomeisalivingspacewithadvancedtechnology.Itallowsyoutocontroldifferentdevices(装置)inyourhomebyjusttappingonyoursmartphone…”可知，智能生活家居允许你只要轻点智能手机，就可以控制家里的不同设备，划线部分It指代前文中提到的Asmarthome。故选A。23．细节理解题。根据“Firstly,itisconvenient…Secondly…soitpossiblybenefitstheenvironment.Thirdly…thesystemsmaybegintoworktoprotectyouandyourhomeimmediately”可知，智能家居现在越来越受欢迎的原因是：它能让人们的生活更方便、环保、安全。故选D。24．篇章结构题。通读文章可知，文章第一段总起全文，介绍文章主题：智能家居；第二、三、四段分别介绍了智能家居的优势、劣势；最后一段总结全文，点明智能家居的两面性。故选C。25．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了智能家居的相关知识，属于“科学技术”范畴，故在“技术”版块可看到此文章。故选B。26．snow27．also28．them29．until30．changeable31．work32．dry33．ear34．anything35．While【导语】本文描绘了大理的自然美景，主要介绍了苍山的雪景、洱海的风月以及两者之间的迷人风光。26．句意：风、花、雪、月，不仅是大理的风景和风格，更是大理的真实风景和无数故事。根据“Thewind,theflowers,the…andthemoon”及备选词汇可知，此处介绍大理的景物，缺少名词作主语，故snow“雪”符合语境。故填snow。27．句意：风、花、雪、月，不仅是大理的风景和风格，更是大理的真实风景和无数故事。根据“…arenotonlylandscapesandstylesofDali,but…”及备选词汇可知，此处是短语notonly…butalso…“不但……而且……”。故填also。28．句意：苍山有十九座山峰，都是白雪皑皑的。根据“Therearenineteenpeaks(山峰)intheCangshanMountain,allof…”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少主语，指前文提到的十九座山峰被雪覆盖。they“它们”，代词主格，用其宾格them作介词of的宾语，指代前文的nineteenpeaks。故填them。29．句意：这座山横跨大理，从北向南延伸，一直延伸到这个充满春天气息的小镇。根据“whichextendsacrossDali,runsfromnorthtosouth,…itreachesthissmalltownwithspringintheair”及备选词汇可知，此处指苍山从北到南延伸，一直到这个小镇。until“直到”符合语境。故填until。30．句意：苍山的云是多变的。根据“ThecloudsoftheCangshanMountainare…”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少表语，指苍山的云是多变的。changeable“易变的”符合语境。故填changeable。31．句意：当云层出现时，渔船不允许在湖中作业。根据“fishingboatsaren’tallowedto…inthelake”及备选词汇可知，benotallowedtodosth.“不被允许做某事”，此处缺少动词，指渔船不被允许在湖中工作。work“工作”符合语境。故填work。32．句意：似乎只有湖中的水干涸了，强风才会停止。根据“Itseemsthatthestrongwindwouldonlystopwhenthewaterinthelakebecame…”及备选词汇可知，此处指似乎只有湖中的水干涸了，强风才会停止。dry“干涸的”符合语境，形容词作表语。故填dry。33．句意：湖的形状看起来像一只耳朵。根据“Theshapeofthelakelookslikea(n)…”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少名词作宾语，指洱海的形状看起来像一只耳朵。ear“耳朵”符合语境，被a(n)修饰，用其单数形式。故填ear。34．句意：他们什么也不做，只是坐在民宿的院子里，享受着湖中吹来的微风和美丽的风景。根据“Theywon’tdo…exceptsittinginthecourtyardofafolkinn”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少名词作do的宾语，指“他们什么也不做，只是……”。something“某些事情”，此处是否定句，故用anything“任何事情”。故填anything。35．句意：骑自行车穿梭于洱海和苍山之间，真是置身仙境。根据“…ridingabikebetweentheErhaiLakeandtheCangshanMountain,youarereallyinawonderland.”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少连词，指当骑行于洱海苍山之间，仿佛置身仙境。while“当……时”符合语境，首字母大写。故填While。36．Therewasanargumentamongthemembers37．Hewassolazythathedidnothingbuteatingeveryday38．without39．B40．Everyoneisimportantandplaysapartinagroup【导语】本文是一则寓言，身体各部位因觉得肚子懒惰而罢工，结果导致整体虚弱生病，最后明白各自的重要性，意识到团队合作才能保持健康。36．根据“Oneday,therewasanargumentamongthemembers.”可知，一天，成员之间发生了一场争论。故填Therewasanargumentamongthemembers。37．根据“Heissolazythathedoesnothingbuteatingeveryday”可知，手认为肚子非常懒，每天除了吃什么也不做。故填Hewassolazythathedidnothingbuteatingeveryday。38．根据“Thehandswerenolongertocarryfoodtothemouth,northemouthtoreceivethefood,northeteethtochewthefood.Theyfeltrelaxed…anywork.”可知，手不再把食物送到嘴里，嘴也不再接受食物，牙齿也不再咀嚼食物。没有任何工作，他们感到很放松。此处应用介词without表“没有”。故填without。39．根据“Severaldayslater,theybecameweakerandweaker.Finally,theygotsickandbegan,onebyone,tofailandflag.”可知，几天后，手、嘴巴和牙齿变得越来越虚弱，最后，他们生病了。生病后，他们会变得虚弱。故划线部分flag意为“疲乏；变弱”。故选B。40．根据“Theywerealsoconvincedthattheycoulddonothingwithoutthebellyandthebellycoulddonothingwithoutthem.Onlybyworkingtogether,couldtheystayhealthy.”及全文可知，本文通过手、嘴巴、牙齿和肚子之间的故事告诉我们在一个团队中每个人都很重要，都起着重要作用。故肚子在最后可能会说“每个人都很重