Unit+4+Natural+Disasters+Discovering+Useful+Structures 高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

限制性定语从句

Restrictiverelativeclauses由关系代词that，which，who，whose，whom引导限制性定语从句限制性定语从句指修饰名词、代词或名词短语的从句，对所修饰对象加以限制，表示“......的（人）”或者“......的（物）”。从句不可以去掉，去掉主句意思不完整。被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。引导定语从句的关系词有两种：关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系代词包括that,which,who，宾格whom，所有格为whose等，关系副词包括where,when,why等。先行词关系词从句部分++二。定语从句的构成指代先行词连接主句和从句在从句中充当成分观察句子1.Thebook

that/whichheboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.他昨天买的那本书很有趣。2.Doyouknowtheboywhojustcamein?你认识那个刚刚进来的男孩吗?关系代词的基本用法关系代词替代指人或者物的先行词并在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，定语等成分。常见的关系代词由that，which，whose，whom，that。关系代词的基本用法关系代词先行词在从句所做的成分that人、物主语、宾语、表语which物主语、宾语who人主语、宾语whom人宾语whose人、物定语Thenumberofpeoplecometovisitthiscityeachyear

reachesonemillion.关系代词的用法。1.that既可指人指物，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。(指人，作主语)thatThisisthesuitcasesheislookingfor.（指物，作宾语）(that)2which指物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。Theyignoredthedetails_________mightaccountfortheaccident.他们忽略了那些或许可以解释事故发生原因的细节。2.which指物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。Theyignoredthedetailsmightaccountfortheaccident.他们忽略了那些或许可以解释事故发生原因的细节。which(作主语)定语从句的关系代词3.who指人，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。Yeareconcernedaboutpeople________havesufferedalotintheearthquake.

Dannywastheman__________werescuedfromtheruins.who(作主语)(作宾语)who4.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。Roseistheperson_______________youshouldcareabout.罗丝是你应该关心的人。5.whose既可指人也可指物，表“所属”关系，在定语从句中作定语。Iknowtheperson__________housewastotallydestroyedintheearthquake.我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被彻底推毁了。(who/whom)(作宾语)whose(作定语)关系代词的选择只能用that的情况1.当先行词是all,much,anything,something,everything,nothing,little,none,few等不定代词时Shetoldmeeverythingthatshenew.2.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时时ThisisthemostexcitingfootballgamethatIhaveseensofar.关系代词的选择只能用that的情况

3.当先行词指物且被all,no,few,any,little(少),some,much,last,only,very等修饰时I’vereadallthebooksthatwereborrowedfromothers.4.当先行词有人又有物时IcanrememberthepeopleandpicturesthatIsawintheroom.关系代词的选择只能用that的情况

5.当主句是以who或者which开头的特殊疑问句时。Whichofthebooksthatyouboughtisthemostusefulformywriting?关系代词的选择只能用which的情况1.引导非限制性定语从句时(逗号隔开从句)。Football,whichisaninterestinggame,isverypopularallovertheworld.2.在介词提前的定语从句中。ThisisthehouseinwhichMoYanoncelived.这就是莫言曾经住过的房子。关系代词的选择只能用which的情况3.先行词本身是that

What’sthatwhichsmellsgood？定语从句中的主谓一致

一般情况下，关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句谓语动词的人称和数一般与先行词的人称和数保持一致。ThebooksthatweresoldoutintwoweekswereallwrittenbyTom.Ilikethepieceofmusic

whichwasplayedbyJenny.定语从句关系词怎么选

1.分清主句和从句

2.确定定语从句的先行词人or物？有无特殊情

况?

3.把先行词带到从句中，看其做什么成分

先行词-主语that，which，who

-宾语that，which，who，whom

-表语that

-定语whose

Drills1.TheTangshanearthquakeisaterribleexperience____________mygrandmacannotforget.2.Thecouple___________livenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.3.Thesupplies____________wereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.that/whichthat/who(that/which)4.Adoctorwith__________Jamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.5.Twothirdsofthepeople_________livedthereweredeadorinjured.6.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors___________homeshadbeendestroyed.7.Thenumberofthepeople___________werekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethen400000.whomwho/thatwhosewho/that8.Thepalace______________Ioftenpayavisittowasbuiltinthe17thcentur