福建省厦门2024-2025高三英语上学期期末检测试题

福建省厦门2024-2025高三上学期末学科限时训练英语试题本试卷共12页，总分150分，考试时间120分钟。留意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所治的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Howwillthespeakerstourthecity?A.Onfool.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.2.Whenwillthemanpossiblyleaveforthehotel?A.At7:20.B.At7:40.C.At8:00.3.Whatdoesthemanstress?A.Environmentalpollution.B.Whitepollutionprediction.C.Environmentalconservation.4.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisnewoffice?A.Terrible.B.Bored.C.Satisfied.5.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Classmates.C.Neighbors.其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What’stheweatherliketoday?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Snowy.7.Whichseasonmightitbeintheman’scountrynow?A.Winter.B.Summer.C.Spring.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wheredoetheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inahotel.9.Howdoesthemanpay?A.Incash.B.Bydepositcard.C.Bycreditcard.10.Whatnumbercanthemancallifheneedsahairdrier?A.0817.B.0870.C.8507.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。11.Whatistheman’syoungerbrotherlike?A.Heissmartandnaughty.B.Heisreallyfunandplayful.C.Heisseriousbuthumorous.12.Whatistheman’sfather?A.Aworker.B.Alawyer.C.Anovelist.13.Whataretheymainlytalkingabout?A.Scaringmysteries.B.Policedramas.C.Thefamilymembers.14.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thespeakersmustbeacouple.B.Themanknowshisfamilywell.C.Thewomanalsoloveshorrornovels.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.Wheredidthewomanknowabouttheposition?A.Inanewspaper.B.OntheInternet.C.Fromherfriend.16.Whatisthewomangoodat?A.Englishteaching.B.Computeroperation.C.Activityorganization.17.Whydidthewomanleavethepreviousschool?A.Shelivesfarfromherformerschool.B.Herformerheadmasterdislikedher.C.Shefailedtofinishtheassignments.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthemonologuemainlyabout?A.Tipsonavoidingsportsinjury.B.Benefitsandwaysofregularexercise.C.Recommendationsforsportsequipment.19.Whatexercisecanmakeyoumoreflexible?A.Balanceexercises.B.Strengthexercises.C.Variousstretches.20.Whatdoweknowaboutthegoalsofworkouts?A.Thegoalsshouldbeeasyandachievable.B.It’shelpfultorewardyourselfforreachinggoals.C.Tenminuteswillgetyounowheretowardsgoals.其次部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThecapitalofacountryisoftenaverypopulatedcitywheremuchhistoryhasbeenmadeduetothehigh-levelpoliticalandeconomicfunctionsthatoccurthere.However,sometimesgovernmentleadersdecidetomovethecapitalfromonecitytoanother.Capitalrelocationhasbeendonehundredsoftimesthroughouthistory.TheancientEgyptians,Romans,andChinesechangedtheircapitalfrequently.Somecountrieschoosenewcapitalsthataremoreeasilydefendedinatimeofinvasion(侵略)orwar.Somenewcapitalsareplannedandbuiltinpreviouslyundevelopedareastopromotedevelopment.Countriessometimeschangetheircapitalbecausetheyexpectsometypeofpolitical,social,oreconomicbenefit.Theyhopeandexpectthatthenewcapitalswillsurelydevelopintoculturaltreasureandhopefullymakethecountryamorestableplace.Herearecapitalrelocationsthathaveoccurredinapproximatelythelastfewcenturies.AsiaJapanfromKyototoTokyo—1868TurkeyfromIstanbultoAnkara—1923IsraelfromTelAviv-JaffotoJerusalem—1950EuropePolandfromKrakowtoWarsaw—1596FinlandfromTurkutoHelsinki—1812ItalyfromTurintoFlorencetoSalernotoRome—1871TheAmericasTheUSfromNewYorktoWashington—1800JamaicafromPortRoyaltoSpanishTowntoKingston—1872OceaniaNewZealandfromAucklandtoWellington—18651.Whydidsomecountriesdecidetomovethecapital?A.Tofurtherexpandtheirland.B.Touncoverancienttreasure.C.Todevelopundevelopedareas.D.Todeclarewaronanothercountry.2.Whichcountrywastheearliesttomoveitscapital?A.Turkey. B.Poland.C.TheUnitedSate. D.NewZealand.3.WhatdoItalyandJamaicahaveincommon?A.Theymovedthecapitalsmorethanonce.B.Theircapitalsweredestroyedinthewar.C.Theymovedtheircapitalsinthesameyear.D.Theircapitalsmovedbecauseoftheeconomy.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了历史上一些常常迁都的国家以及其背后的缘由。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段“Somenewcapitalsareplannedandbuiltinpreviouslyundevelopedareastopromotedevelopment.(一些新的首都被规划和建设在以前未开发的地区，以促进发展。)”可知，一些国家确定迁都是为了开发欠发达地区。故选C。【2题详解】推理推断题。依据表格中“PolandfromKrakowtoWarsaw—1596(波兰于1596年将首都从克拉科夫迁到华沙)”可推知，波兰于1596年将首都从克拉科夫迁到华沙；再对比表格中其它国家迁都的时间可知，波兰迁都的时间最早。故选B。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据表格中“ItalyfromTurintoFlorencetoSalernotoRome—1871(意大利在1871年将首都从都灵迁到佛罗伦萨，再迁到到萨勒诺，最终再迁到罗马)”可知，意大利曾经将首都从都灵迁到佛罗伦萨，再迁到到萨勒诺，最终再迁到罗马；再结合表格中“JamaicafromPortRoyaltoSpanishTowntoKingston-1872(牙买加在1872年将首都从皇家港迁到西班牙城，最终再迁到金斯敦)”可知，牙买加曾将首都从皇家港迁到西班牙城，最终再迁到金斯敦。由此可知，意大利和牙买加的共同之处在于这两个国家都不止一次迁都。故选A。BIt’snosecretthatcollegeisexpensive.Ireceivedfinancialaid,andIwasabletocoverthecostofenrollment,books,supplies,coursematerials,andadditionalschool-relatedfees.ButIcouldnotaffordhousing,transportation,food,healthcare,orotherbasicnecessities.Thelongereachsemesterwenton,theharderthechoicesbecame.Whenspringsemesterendedthatfirstyearatcollege,Ihadgoodgrades,butIdidnothavetwoquarterstomyname.IdecidedthatifIcouldaffordtobeafull-timestudent,Iwouldneedtoworkafull-timejob.Soon,Istartedworkingattheairportasacleanerofaircraftcabins.Myfirstshiftattheairportwasagraveyardshift,whereIdetailedaircraftofvaryingsizes.Duringthistotalnightshift,Ihavetodo“deepcleaning”,whichmeantcleaningeverythingandevenIhadtocheckeverysafetycompartmentandreplaceanymissingitems.Thiscouldbedisgustingwork.Anotherfactupsetmealotthatworkingattheairportandgoingtoschooldidnotfiteasilytogether.Somedays1wastooexhaustedafteranightshifttogettoclass.OtherdaysIdidn’thavetimetocompleteschoolassignmentsowingtoabusyworkday.Attheendofthefallsemester,Ireceivedafinalwarningformyattendanceatmyjob.Onceagain,Iwasbetweenarockandahardplaceandhadtomakeadecision.Iwantedtogotoschoolandexcel,butIalsohadgrownaccustomedtofinanciallysupportingmyself.Ultimately,Ichosetotemporarilystopgoingtoschoolandtocontinueworking,adecision.Iwouldlaterregret.Theairlineclosedforvariousreasons.Ifeltstupid.Ihadputalotintothisjob,evensacrificingmyeducation,andnowIwouldhaveneitherjobnoreducation.I’dfinallylearnedwhatmygrandmothermeantwhensheoncesaidthatyourjobistemporary,andyoureducationisforever.4.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromparagraph1?A.Hemetwithalongboringsemester. B.Foodaccountedforhisbiggestexpense.C.Helefthimselffinanciallyembarrassed. D.Hisfinancialaidcouldcoverhisnecessities.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detailed”inparagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Cleaned. B.Listed. C.Repaired. D.Replaced.6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthorinparagraph3?A.Confused. B.Critical. C.Decisive. D.Diligent.7.Whatisconveyedinthetext?A.Hewhomakesnomistakesmakesnothing.B.Nothingisdifficulttothemanwhowilltry.C.Oneshouldbefinanciallysupportedbyhimself.D.Thesignificanceofschoolingshouldberecognized.【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了作者在经济上陷入逆境，为了负担得起成为一名全日制学生，作者起先做一份全职工作，结果因为出勤率问题收到了最终一次警告，只能选择短暂停止上学，接着工作。后来公司关闭了，作者为自己的确定懊悔。【4题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“It’snosecretthatcollegeisexpensive.Ireceivedfinancialaid,andIwasabletocoverthecostofenrollment,books,supplies,coursematerials,andadditionalschool-relatedfees.ButIcouldnotaffordhousing,transportation,food,healthcare,orotherbasicnecessities.Thelongereachsemesterwenton,theharderthechoicesbecame.(高校学费昂贵已经不是什么隐私了。我得到了经济救济，我能够负担入学费用、书籍、用品、课程材料和其他与学校相关的费用。但我负担不起住房、交通、食物、医疗和其他基本生活必需品。每学期时间越长，做出选择就越困难)”可推知，作者在经济上陷入逆境。故选C。【5题详解】词句揣测题。依据画线词上文“Soon,Istartedworkingattheairportasacleanerofaircraftcabins.Myfirstshiftattheairportwasagraveyardshift,whereI(很快，我起先在机场做飞机客舱清洁工。我在机场的第一班是夜班，我)”可知，作者很快起先在机场做飞机客舱清洁工，在机场的第一个班次是夜班，就要清理各种大小的飞机。故画线词意思是“清理”。A.Cleaned.清理；B.Listed.列出；C.Repaired.修理；D.Replaced.替换。故选A。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段“Anotherfactupsetmealotthatworkingattheairportandgoingtoschooldidnotfteasilytogether.SomedaysIwastooexhaustedafteranightshifttogettoclass.OtherdaysIdidn’thavetimetocompleteschoolassignmentsowingtoabusyworkday.Attheendofthefallsemester,Ireceivedafinalwarningformyattendanceatmyjob.Onceagain,Iwasbetweenarockandahardplaceandhadtomakeadecision.Iwantedtogotoschoolandexcel,butIalsohadgrownaccustomedtofinanciallysupportingmyself.(另一个让我很难受的事实是，在机场工作和上学不太简洁兼顾。有几天我上了夜班，累得连上课都去不了。另一些日子，由于工作日繁忙，我没有时间完成学校的作业。在秋季学期结束时，我因为出勤率问题收到了最终一次警告。我又一次处于进退两难的境地，不得不做出确定。我想去上学，取得优异成果，但我也已经习惯了在经济上养活自己)”可推知，作者很困惑。故选A。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中“Ihadputalotintothisjob,evensacrificingmyeducation,andnowIwouldhaveneitherjobnoreducation.I’dfinallylearnedwhatmygrandmothermeantwhensheoncesaidthatyourjobistemporary,andyoureducationisforever.(我为这份工作付出了许多，甚至牺牲了我的教化，现在我将既没有工作也没有教化。我最终明白了我祖母曾经说过的一句话：你的工作是短暂的，而你所受的教化是恒久的)”可推知，学校教化的重要性应当得到承认。故选D。CAfterathree-yeardelay,M+，HongKong’smuseumdedicatedtoChinesevisualculture,openedtothepublicItcontainsanastonishingcollectionofartwithworksbysomecelebrities.TheformerExecutiveDirector,LarsNittve,seesM+asequallyasNewYork’sMoMAortheCentrePompidouinParis,intermsofdepthandculturalimportance.M+wouldn’thavebeenpossiblewithoutSwissbusinessmanandartcollectorUliSigg,whoin2012donatedandsold1,510Chinesecontemporaryworksofarttothemuseum.MichaelSchindhelm’s2016documentary,TheChineseLivesofUliSigg,lookedbackatSigg’slifeandhowheaccumulatedhiscollectiontopreservecontemporaryChineseartforthreedecades.Ininterviewsofthefilm,Siggpreferstoviewhimselfas“aresearcherofChinaandofChinesecontemporaryartwhojusthappenedtobuysomeoftheresultsofhisresearch.”ChineseLivesfollowsSigg’slifeintimeorder,startingin1979,theyearthathefirstwenttoChinaasarepresentativeoftheSwisselevatormanufacturer.In1995SiggbecametheSwissAmbassadortoChina,whichlasteduntil1999.Hewasbuyingartwithanobjectiveeye,onetowardspreservingculture.Movingintothe21stcentury,ChineseartreachedinternationalattentionthankstoSigg’sefforts.HecreatedtheChineseContemporaryArtAward,anawardthatfunctionedtogetartistsnoticedbyimportantWesternartistsandgalleyowner.Atthesametime,piecesbyChineartistsweregainingmoreandmoreglobalreputations.FollowingSigg’sannouncementthathewilldonateasizableportionofhiscollectiontothesoon-to-be-openedM+museum,Chineselivesendsonahopefulnoteforthestill-growingartsceneinChina.ThedocumentaryisagoodstartingpointtofamiliarizeoneselfwithcontemporaryChineseartandthemanwhohelpedexposeittotheworld.8.Whydoestheauthormention“MoMA”inparagraph1?A.Toenrichourknowledge.B.Tomemorizeartcelebrities.C.TodeepenM+museum’spopularity.D.ToindicateM+museum’ssignificance.9.WhichidentitywouldUliSiggmostprobablyagreewith?A.Acontemporaryartist.B.AresearcherofChineseart.C.Acollectorofcontemporaryart.D.Anambassadorwithartistictaste.10.WhatcanweinferfromTheChineseLivesofUliSigg?A.SiggofferedmoneytoChineseartists.B.Siggwasthedirectorofthedocumentary.C.SiggmadegreateffortstopromoteChineseart.D.SiggwastheSwissAmbassadortoChinain2000.11.WhatisUliSigglike?A.Heisstrictandambitious.B.Heiscaringandcreative.C.Heisdevotedandgenerous.D.Heishopefulandhumorous.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章瑞士商人和艺术保藏家乌利·西格（UliSigg）对香港博物馆乃至对中国现代艺术的贡献。【8题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“TheformerExecutiveDirector,LarsNittve,seesM+asequallyasNewYork’sMoMAortheCentrePompidouinParis,intermsofdepthandculturalimportance.”（前执行董事LarsNittve认为，就深度和文化重要性而言，M+与纽约的MoMA或巴黎的蓬皮杜中心一样重要。）可知，作者在第一段中提到“MoMA”是为了表明M+博物馆的重要性。故选D项。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段“Ininterviewsofthefilm,Siggpreferstoviewhimselfas“aresearcherofChinaandofChinesecontemporaryartwhojusthappenedtobuysomeoftheresultsofhisresearch.””（在影片的采访中，碰巧购买了他的一些探讨成果的Sigg更情愿把自己视为“一名中国和中国当代艺术的探讨者。”）说明UliSigg很可能会同意他自己是一位中国艺术探讨者的观点。故选B项。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段“Movingintothe21stcentury,ChineseartreachedinternationalattentionthankstoSigg’sefforts.”（进入21世纪，由于Sigg的努力，中国艺术引起了国际关注。）以及后文，可知Sigg为促进中国艺术做出了巨大的努力。故选C项。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段“FollowingSigg’sannouncementthathewilldonateasizableportionofhiscollectiontothesoon-to-be-openedM+museum,Chineselivesendsonahopefulnoteforthestill-growingartsceneinChina.”（在Sigg宣布将把相当大一部分藏品捐赠给即将开放的M+博物馆后，中国人的生活以一个充溢希望的音符结束，因为中国艺术界仍在不断增长。）以及之前Sigg始终致力于宣扬中国艺术，说明Sigg是一个专一和慷慨大方的人。故选C项。DForhumans,adaptingtoclimatechangewillmostlybeamatteroftechnology.Moreairconditioning,better-designedhousesandbiggerflooddefensesmayhelplessentheeffectsofawarmerworld.Animalswillhavetorelyonchangingtheirbodiesortheirbehaviour.InapaperpublishedinTrendsinEcology&Evolution,ateamledbySaraRyding,aprofessorinAustralia,showsthatisalreadyhappening.InsomespeciesofAustralianparrot,forinstancebeak(喙)sizehasincreasedbybetween4%and10%since1871.Similartrendsareseeninspeciesofmiceandbatsgrowingbiggerears,tails,legsandwings.Allthatfitsnicelywithevolutionary(进化的)theory.“Allen’srule”,namedafterJoeAllen,whosuggesteditin1877,holdsthatwarm-bloodedanimalsinhotplacestendtohavelargerappendages(附加物)thanthoseinmildareas.Suchadaptationsboostananimal’ssurfacearearelativetoitsbodyvolume,helpingittogetridofadditionalheal.Fennecfoxes,meanwhile,whicharenativetotheSaharadesert,havestrikinglylargeears,especiallycomparedwiththeirArcticcousins.Ryding’steamcombineddatafromdifferentspeciesindifferentplaces.Nowthattheyhavelittleincommonapartfromlivingonawarmingplanet,climatechangeisthemostreasonableexplanation.Sinceanyevolutionaryadaptationcomeswithtrade-offs,itisunclearhowfartheprocessmightgo.Biggerbeaksmightinterferewithfeeding,forinstance.Largerwingsareheavier,andbiggerlegscostmoreenergytogrow.Honestly,studyingabroaderrangeofanimalswillhelpfirmupexactlywhatishappening.Fornow,atleast,theincreaseissmall,nevermuchmorethan10%.Thatmaychangeaswarmingaccelerates.Everylittlebitofavoidedfuturetemperatureincreasesresultsinlesswarmingthatwouldotherwisestayforessentiallyforever.12.Whydosomespeciesgrowbiggerpartsoftheirbody?A.Theyarefollowingthenewtrends.B.Theyhavetoadapttowarmerclimate.C.Scientistsneedthemtodoexperiments.D.Largerpartstendtohelpthemfeedwell.13.Wheremaywarm-bloodedanimalshavebiggerbodyparts?A.Inmildareas. B.Inhotplaces.C.IntheArctic. D.Indesertedregions.14.Whatdoweknowaboutthechangeinanimalsfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itcomesatacost.B.Itscauseisdefinite.C.Ithappensinthesamehabitat.D.Itsprocesswillendsoon.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletileforthetext?A.LivingonaWarmingPlanetB.MeasurestoRemoveHeatC.PioneeringResearchonAnimalsD.EvolutiontoSurviveHeat【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了全球变暖的影响可以在动物身上看到，数百种物种显示出适应气候变暖的迹象。文章详细叙述了气候变更与进化的联系。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“Animalswillhavetorelyonchangingtheirbodiesortheirbehaviour.”(动物将不得不依靠变更自己的身体或行为。)可知，有些物种长得更大是因为它们必需适应更暖和的气候。故选B项。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段““Allen’srule”,namedafterJoeAllen,whosuggesteditin1877,holdsthatwarm-bloodedanimalsinhotplacestendtohavelargerappendages(附加物)thanthoseinmildareas.”(“艾伦法则”是以乔·艾伦的名字命名的，他在1877年提出了这个观点，认为生活在燥热地区的温血动物往往比生活在温柔地区的温血动物有更大的附肢。)可知，温血动物在燥热的地方可能有更大的身体部位。故选B项。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段“Sinceanyevolutionaryadaptationcomeswithtrade-offs,itisunclearhowfartheprocessmightgo.Biggerbeaksmightinterferewithfeeding,forinstance.Largerwingsareheavier,andbiggerlegscostmoreenergytogrow.”(任何进化适应都须要权衡取舍，目前尚不清晰这一过程可能会走多远。例如，较大的喙可能会阻碍进食。更大的翅膀更重，更大的腿须要更多的能量才能成长。)可知，动物的变更是有代价的。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段“Animalswillhavetorelyonchangingtheirbodiesortheirbehaviour.”(动物将不得不依靠变更自己的身体或行为。)以及全文大意，本文主要讲解并描述了全球变暖的影响可以在动物身上看到，数百种物种显示出适应气候变暖的迹象。文章详细叙述了气候变更与进化的联系。D项“EvolutiontoSurviveHeat（在高温下生存的进化）”符合题意。故选D项。其次节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AccordingtoTheTohokuJournalofExperimentalMedicine,laughterhasmanyprofoundphysiologicalandpsychologicalbenefits.Itcanrelaxmuscles,promotementalandpsychologicalwell-being,etc.Butwehavebecomesobusywithourdailyroutinesthatwerarelylaugh.LaughterOnlineUniversityfoundthatchildrenlaugh300to400timesonanaverage,whereasadultslaughonly17.5timesinaday.____16____Butifyoustilldon’tknowwhyyoushouldlaugh,herearesomebenefitsoflaughterforyou.◆Reducestress____17____Thereissciencebehindthis.Whenyougetstressed,yourbodyreleaseshormones.Continuousreleasesofthesehormonesmaycauseanxiety,depression,andheartdiseases.Butwhenyoulaugh,thestresshormonesgetreducedandhelpsyourelieveyoustress.◆EnsureahealthyrelationshipMyfriendandIusedtohaveissuesandnevertalkedforoveramonth.Butsuddenly,oneday,shesentmeasuperfunnymeme(表情包)whileoncall,andwebothlaughedatit.Justlaughingtogethermadeuscomecloser.____18____BoostyourconfidenceHaveyoueverexperiencedthatwhenyoulaughatafearfulsituation,youfeelmorecourageandconfidence?____19____OnceIhadtodeliveraspeechataschoolmeeting,andIfeltextremefear.Iwassweatinginbucketsandfeltasifthelandbeneathmyfeetisshaking.ButItriedtotalkwithafriendandlaughedforafewsecondsjusttoshowmyselfcool.____20____IfeltasifIcoulddothisandexperiencedafantasticsenseofconfidence.A.Laughterisapowerfulstresskiller.B.Ifyouaskme,Ihaveexperiencedthis.C.IhadangerissueswhenIwasinschool.D.Thissimplelaughterhadasignificanteffectonme.E.Italsohelpsusforgetproblemsandcherishfriendship.F.Laughtercanhelpyouthinkclearlyandmoreeffectively.G.Nowonderwhyweadultssuffermentalproblemslikeanxiety.【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.B20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍大笑对我们的身心有好处，并列举了三个详细的好处。【16题详解】上文“LaughterOnlineUniversityfoundthatchildrenlaugh300to400timesonanaverage,whereasadultslaughonly17.5timesinaday.(笑在线高校发觉，儿童平均大笑300到400次，而成年人一天只大笑17.5次)”说明儿童每天大笑的次数比成年人多，以及下文“Butifyoustilldon’tknowwhyyoushouldlaugh,herearesomebenefitsoflaughterforyou.(但是假如你仍旧不知道为什么你应当笑，下面是一些大笑的好处)”说明大笑是有好处的，空处应说明成年人笑的少，会有坏处，G项“难怪我们成年人会遭遇焦虑等心理问题”符合题意。故选G。【17题详解】上文“Reducestress(削减压力)”说明大笑的好处之一是可以削减压力，A项中apowerfulstresskiller是关键词，A项“笑是一种强大的压力杀手”符合题意。故选A。【18题详解】上文“Justlaughingtogethermadeuscomecloser.(一起笑让我们的关系更紧密)”说明大笑会有助于保持紧密的关系，E项中friendship是关键词，大笑可以帮助珍惜友情，E项“它也帮助我们遗忘问题，珍惜友情”符合题意。故选E。【19题详解】上文“Haveyoueverexperiencedthatwhenyoulaughatafearfulsituation,youfeelmorecourageandconfidence?(你有没有经验过在一个可怕的境况中大笑，你会感觉到更多的志气和信念？)”说明作者在问别人是否经验过这样的状况，下文应说明介绍作者的个人经验，B项“假如你问我，我曾经经验过”符合题意。故选B。【20题详解】上文“ButItriedtotalkwithafriendandlaughedforafewsecondsjusttoshowmyselfcool.(但我努力和一个挚友闲聊，大笑几秒钟，只是为了展示自己很酷)”说明大笑对作者产生了好的影响，D项“这种简洁的笑声对我产生了很大的影响”符合题意。故选D。第三部分语言学问运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Wemovedintoanewneighborhoodin1990,Andywasprettymuchthefirstpersonwe____21____.Hecameacrossthestreetto____22____us.Havinglivedtheresince1967,hewaswarmandkind,fullof____23____.Hewouldintroducetouswhichbakeryforcakes,whichstoreforshoppingand____24____theoccupationsofeveryonearoundus.Andywouldproudlyandregularly____25____hisveteran(老兵)capandplaymusicwhiledoingyardwork.____26____anything,though,hedelightedintalkingaboutourkidsasmuchasabouthis.Wewatchedoutforeachother.Hewould____27____ourvegetablegardenswhenwewentonvacation;wegavehimsomeofour____28____inreturn.AndyandIwouldalsocomplainaboutthebigtrucksthatusedourstreetsasashortcut.Asmoretimewentby,wedidn’tseehimout____29____hissmalldogasoftenduetohis____30____problem,andwe’dhelpwithclearingthe____31____inthewinter.Thosetiescontinuedwithtimepassingby.Butthereal____32____ofourneighborhoodsistheirpeople—anAndy,or,insomecases,manyAndys.Ourneighborhoodsarebuiltonthem,and____33____bytheiremotionalties.Wearebetterfortheir____34____,andworsefortheirabsence.Andydiedthismonth.Iwillmisshim,morethanhe____35____.21.A.met B.recalled C.thanked D.admired22.A.treat B.greet C.criticize D.comfort23.A.happiness B.energy C.knowledge D.information24.A.still B.even C.ever D.never25.A.wear B.exhibit C.wave D.hold26.A.Differentthan B.Morethan C.Becauseof D.Insteadof27.A.dodamageto B.stareat C.sitaround D.keepaneyeon28.A.produce B.crafts C.cakes D.money29.A.selling B.feeding C.walking D.chasing30.A.health B.financial C.political D.marriage31.A.rubbish B.smog C.snow D.dirt32.A.welfare B.influence C.tie D.faith33.A.prevented B.separated C.widened D.strengthened34.A.interruption B.performance C.situation D.presence35.A.evaluates B.knows C.forgets D.regrets【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.B25.A26.B27.D28.A29.C30.A31.C32.C33.D34.D35.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲解并描述了作者在搬到一个新社区后，安迪对作者的热忱帮助，作者了解到社区的真正纽带是社区的人，社区因成员之间的情感纽带而加强。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在1990年搬到一个新社区，安迪几乎是我们遇到的第一个人。A.met碰见；B.recalled回忆；C.thanked感谢；D.admired敬佩。依据上句“Wemovedintoanewneighborhoodin1990（我们在1990年搬进了一个新社区）”以及后句“Hecameacrossthestreetto____2____us（他穿过公路向我们打招呼）”可知安迪是作者他们遇到的第一个人。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他穿过公路向我们打招呼。A.treat对待；B.greet问候；C.criticize指责；D.comfort劝慰。依据下文“hewaswarmandkind”可知，安迪是一个热忱的人，因此推知他会向作者他们打招呼。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：自1967年以来始终住在那里，他热忱和善，充溢活力。A.happiness欢乐；B.energy精力，活力；C.knowledge学问；D.information信息。依据上句“hewaswarmandkind（他热忱和善）”可知安迪是充溢活力的。故选B。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他会给我们介绍去哪家面包店买蛋糕，去哪家商店购物，甚至介绍我们四周每个人的职业。A.still仍旧；B.even甚至；C.ever曾经；D.never从未。依据上句“____3____.Hewouldintroducetouswhichbakeryforcakes,whichstoreforshopping”可知，安迪甚至介绍作者四周每个人的职业。此处用even表示语气加强。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：安迪会常常骄傲地戴上他的老兵帽，在院子里干活时放音乐。A.wear穿、戴；B.exhibit展览；C.wave挥动；D.hold握住。依据后句“hisveteran(老兵)cap（他的老兵帽）”可知安迪会常常骄傲地戴上他的老兵帽。故选A。【26题详解】考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：不过，最重要的是，他喜爱谈论我们的孩子，就像谈论他自己的孩子一样。A.Differentthan不同于；B.Morethan多于；C.Becauseof因为；D.Insteadof代替。依据后句“hedelightedintalkingaboutourkidsasmuchasabouthis.（他喜爱谈论我们的孩子，就像谈论他自己的孩子一样。）”可知重要的是他喜爱谈论作者他们的孩子，就像谈论他自己的孩子一样。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们去度假时，他会照看我们的菜园。A.dodamageto对……有害；B.stareat注视；C.sitaround闲坐着；D.keepaneyeon照看。依据上句“Wewatchedoutforeachother.（我们相互照看）”可知作者他们去度假时，安迪会照看作者的菜园。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们给了他一些我们的产品作为回报。A.produce产品；B.crafts工艺；C.cakes蛋糕；D.money金钱。依据上句“Hewould____7____ourvegetablegardenswhenwewentonvacation（我们去度假时，他会照看我们的菜园）”可知作者他们给了安迪一些他们菜园的农产品作为回报。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：：随着时间的推移，由于他的健康问题，我们不再常常看到他出去遛狗了，在冬天，我们帮助他清理积雪。A.selling卖；B.feeding饲养；C.walking步行，牵着……走；D.chasing追逐。walkthedog遛狗，依据下文“hissmalldog”可推知，此处指安迪不再遛狗了。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，由于他的健康问题，我们不再常常看到他出去遛狗了，在冬天，我们帮助他清理积雪。A.health健康；B.financial金融的；C.political政治的；D.marriage婚姻。依据上句“Asmoretimewentby,wedidn’tseehimout____9____hissmalldogasoften（随着时间的推移，我们不再常常看到他）”和下文“Andydiedthismonth.”可知由于他的健康问题，作者他们不再常常看到他出去遛狗了。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，由于他的健康问题，我们不再常常看到他出去遛狗了，在冬天，我们帮助他清理积雪。A.rubbish垃圾；B.smog雾霾；C.snow雪；D.dirt泥土。依据后句“inthewinter（在冬天）”可知在冬天，作者他们帮助安迪清理积雪。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我们社区的真正纽带是社区的人，安迪，或者，在某些状况下，许多安迪。A.welfare福利；B.influence影响；C.tie纽带；D.faith信任。依据上句“Thosetiescontinuedwithtimepassingby.（随着时间的推移，这种联系仍在接着）”可知，此处指社区的纽带。“tie”是原词重现。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的社区建立在他们的基础上，并因他们的情感纽带而加强。A.prevented阻挡；B.separated分开；C.widened拓展；D.strengthened加强。依据后句“bytheiremotionalties.（并因他们的情感纽带）”可知，作者的社区因他们的情感纽带而加强。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在场对我们更有利，他们不在对我们更不利。A.interruption中断；B.performance表演；C.situation状况；D.presence出席，在场。依据后句“andworsefortheirabsence（他们不在对我们更不利）”可知，邻居们在场对作者他们更有利。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：安迪这个月去世了。我会惦念他，比他想象的还要惦念他。A.evaluates评估；B.knows知道；C.forgets遗忘；D.regrets懊悔。依据上文我们和安迪之间是情感和上句“Ourneighborhoodsarebuiltonthem,and____13____bytheiremotionalties.（我们的社区建立在他们的基础上，并因他们的情感纽带而加强）”可知，此处指作者会惦念安迪，比他想象的还要惦念他。故选B。其次节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thecombinationofmusicandstudyhaslongbeen____36____sourceofdisagreementbetweenadultsandchildren.Parentsandteachersalikemaintainthat____37____(silent)isimportantwhenlearning,whereasyoungstersinsistthat____38____(they)favouritesoundshelpthemconcentrate.Nowastudyshowsthatthe____39____(grown-up)havebeenrightallalong.PsychologistsinFloridatestedhowfaststudentswroteessays____40____andwithoutmusicinthebackground.They____41____(find)thatthesoundsslowedprogressdownbyaboutsixtywordsperhour.“Thisdemonstrates____42____(clear)thatitisdifficulttocopewithlisteningandwritingatthesametime,”saidDr.Sarah.Shealsocametotheconclusion____43____itisamyththatinstrumentalmusicislessdisturbingthansongs.“Alltypesofmusichadthesameeffect,”shesaidinherreport.“One’sabilitytopayattentionandwritefluentlyislikely____44