中考英语专题09阅读填表

【查补知识漏洞·通关练】专题09阅读填表（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）根据短文内容，完成表格，每空不超过三个词。Whenthefirstpersonlookeduptothesky,people’simaginationofspacebegan.InChina,therearemanystoriesabouttheexploration(探索)ofspace.Thousandsofyearsago,therewasaladynamedChang’ethatflewtotheMoonandlivedtherewitharabbit.It’sjustastoryinmyths(神话).IntheMingDynasty,amannamedWanHuusedamachinewhichwasmadeofachair,somefireworksandakiteasarockettoflytospacebutfailed.Hewasconsideredasthefirsthumanthattriedtoexplorespace.Ourexplorationofspaceneverstoppeduntilitbecamearealityinmoderntimes.Withoutdoubt,Chinesespacetechnologyhasmadegreatprogress.In2003,whenShenzhouVsetoffsuccessfully,YangLiwei’swords“Iamproudofourmotherland”broughttearstooureyes.CarryingtheflyingdreamoftheChinesenationforthousandsofyears,asthefirstspacevisitorofChina,hestartedtheSpaceAgefortheChinese.In2008,ZhaiZhiganginShenzhouVIIhadthefirstChinesespacewalk,“Iamoutofthecapsule(太空舱),andIfeelgood,”hetoldtheworldproudly.Inthenextyears,Chinakeptmakingitswayinordertostepfurtheronexploringspace.Especiallyintherecentyears,ChinahassentupShenzhouXIandShenzhouXV.Sixastronautshavebeensenttospacewithtwowomenincluded.OnMay30,2023,JingHaipeng,ZhuYangzhuandGuiHaichaoinShenzhouXVIweresentintospacesuccessfully.From2003to2023,Chinesepeoplegofartherandfartherinspace,Inthenearfuture,ChinawillsendastronautstotheMoonandexploretheMoon.StoriesaboutChina’s1ThousandsofyearsagoChang’eflewtotheMooninmyths.IntheMingDynastyWanHumadeamachineandtriedtoexplorespace.In2003YangLiweistarted2fortheChinese.In2008ZhaiZhiganghadthefirstChinesespacewalk.InthenextyearsWeChinesepeoplekeptmakingourway3wecouldstepfurtheronexploringspace.On4ChinasentShenzhouXVIintospacesuccessfully.InthefutureChineseastronauts5totheMoon.【答案】1．explorationofspace2．theSpaceAge3．sothat4．May30,20235．willbesent【解析】本文主要介绍了中国探索外太空的进程。1．根据“InChina,therearemanystoriesabouttheexploration(探索)ofspace.”可知，讲述中国关于太空探索的故事。故填explorationofspace。2．根据“CarryingtheflyingdreamoftheChinesenationforthousandsofyears,asthefirstspacevisitorofChina,hestartedtheSpaceAgefortheChinese.”可知，他承载着中华民族几千年的飞行梦想，作为中国第一位太空访客，开启了中国人的太空时代。故填theSpaceAge。3．根据“Inthenextyears,Chinakeptmakingitswayinordertostepfurtheronexploringspace.”可知，在接下来的几年里，中国为了进一步探索太空而不断前进。inordertodo可替换为sothat+从句，故填sothat。4．根据“OnMay30,2023,JingHaipeng,ZhuYangzhuandGuiHaichaoinShenzhouXVIweresentintospacesuccessfully.”可知，2023年5月30日，神舟十六号成功发射升空。故填May30,2023。5．根据“Inthenearfuture,ChinawillsendastronautstotheMoonandexploretheMoon.”可知，在不久的将来，中国将把宇航员送上月球并探索月球。主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在未来，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故填willbesent。1.查表。阅读表格，分析表格的项目内容和结构特征，从而把握信息范围及对文章的理解方向。要特别关注文章的标题栏和表格前的小标题，这样有助于理解文章大意。2.析文。快速浏览全文，把握文章大意;再仔细阅读文章内容，找准细节定位。阅读文章时，要利用多种阅读技巧，对文章进行全面理解。3.填表。进行填表。多数题目的答案可以在文章中直接找出;少数题目需要在分析原文的基础上，结合题目对文章进行理解归纳答案;还需注重书写习惯，多注意大小写的运用。表格挖空处是根据原文中的关键词句来设置的，因而答案往往是与原文中出现的词语或意思相近的词语，通常情况下有四种设题方式:1.标题归纳题一般位于表格的上栏或左栏，考生可根据表格下栏或右栏的内容及文段中主题句和文章大意进行分析，加以概括总结。解题方法：文章标题的归纳，一要关注文章的核心及高频词汇，二要根据主题句提炼主题。(1)阅读文章时，要注意文中反复出现或强调的信息，因而要在文中寻找覆盖全文的核心词汇或句子，或寻找与文章大部分内容相关的信息。(2)寻找文章的主题句是解答标题归纳题的核心，主题句一般位于文章首末段或分散于各个段落中，需要考生加以总结提炼，得出答案。2.细节理解题利用表格中所给的信息定位至原文，仔细辨别，寻找答案。解题方法：此类题目需要采用关键信息定位法，根据题干中的关键信息定位到文章中的具体语句。3.推理判断题对比表格内容与原文内容的差异，根据语境和逻辑推理得出答案。解题方法：此类题目要求考生对文中某一细节或写作意图给出合理判断或推理，运用逻辑推理能力得出蕴含在文中没有明确说出的事实或暗示的含义。4.同义转换题对比表格内容与原文内容的差异，根据语法结构进行词形的转换。即:名词→动词、名词→形容词、主动→被动、肯定→否定……解题方法：根据题干中的关键信息定位到文章中的具体语句，分析原文句子并结合题干句子结构，确定空格处在句中所承担的句子成分，根据语法结构和语义进行适当转换。1.阅读文章时,要学会理清文章的写作思路和篇章结构,这通常是很重要的设题线索(1)特别注意表格前的小标题,它通常是文章的主题。读懂了表格标题有助于理解短文及表格的大意。(2)分析表格的项目内容,根据所提供的表格内容提示理清表格的设计原理。(3)学会查读。要带着问题有意识地在文章中寻找与答案相关的关键词语,或概括、归纳出关键词语。2.做题时要充分利用解题的微技能。(1)词形转换能力任务型阅读中好多答案都需要通过词形转换来完成。如:原文中用besurprisedtodosth.,根据表格题目设计,转换为Itissurprisingthat...。(2)英英释义能力任务型阅读中有些题目需要通过英英释义来解决。如:原文中用了keepyourattention,根据表格题目设计,要用listen。(3)逆向思维能力所谓逆向思维,即从另一个角度来思考问题。如:原文中用了...andmostpeoplewillstayawayfromanangryface.表格中的题目设计成:Peopledon’tliketheonewithanangryface.<1>（2024·四川成都·二模）阅读下面短文，完成题后的表格。Whenyoufeeldisappointed,youshouldknowitisnaturalandnormal,andeveryonewillexperienceitintheirlife.Sometimeslifebringsusadifficulthand,andeventsandtrials(考验)wecan’tcontrolhappentous.Othertimesitisourownactionsthemselvesthatcauseourtrials.Evenso,disappointmentispartoflife’sjourney.Whetherwehaveabetterlifedependsonhowwedealwithit.Herearesomestepstohelpustomakeourjourneymoreenjoyable.Firstly,redefine(重新定义)ourrules.Itisconsideredthateveryonehashisown“rule”intheirmind.Ifourownrulesaretooperfect,thentheywilldisappointusgreatly.Whenwefeeldisappointed,itiswisetoreviewandredefineourrules.Tryanencouragingrule:IamhappyandIamsuccessfulsinceIhavemademygreatestefforts.Secondly,remindourselvesnowandthenofthereasonswhyweareworkingtowardsthegoal.Itisofgreathelptorememberthereasonswhenwefeeldown.Byrevisitingthosereasons,wewilllikelyrenewourpromisesandnotgethunguponthedisappointmentofthemoment.Thirdly,thinkaboutourlargervision(视野)andrecommit(重新提交)toit.Itreallyhelps.Disappointmentisaveryvaluableexperience,whichservesasagoodeducatorandmakesusmoreabletomeetthechallengesofthefuture.Finally,resetandhaveanewstart.Ithelpspreventusfromgettingintoself-pityandforceustogetupandmoveforward.Don’tliveinthepast.Takewhatthepasthastaughtusandkeepmoving.Wakeuptheverynextdayasifourwholelifeisaheadofusandwehavethechancetorestart.Nothingthathappenedinthepastcanstopusfromcreatingthelifethatwehavealwaysdesiredorfromachievingthegoalsthatweareworkingtowards.LearningtodealwithdisappointmentIntroductionIt’stoonaturalandnormaltofeeldisappointedandlearningtodealwithitispartofafulfillinglife.CausesofdisappointmentEventsandtrialsinlifearesometimesoutof1.Sometimesourtrialsarecausedbyourownactions.2todealingwithdisappointment

Redefineourrules3disappointourselves,trysomeencouragingonesRemindourwhysBeingremindedoftenofourwhyshelpsusrenewourpromisesandgetoverthedisappointment.Recommittoourvision4makesustobemoreabletomeetthechallengesofthefuture.ResetandstartanewlifeInsteadoflivinginthepast,wetakewhatwehavelearnedfromthepastandmoveforward.ConclusionDealingwithdisappointmentproperlycanimprove5ofourlifeandmakeourlifejourneyenjoyable.【答案】1．ourcontrol2．Solutions3．Inordernotto4．Experiencingdisappointment5．thequality【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我们在生活中难免遇到失望的情况以及处理失望的方法，有效地处理失望还可以提高生活。1．根据“Sometimeslifebringsusadifficulthand,andeventsandtrials(考验)wecan’tcontrolhappentous.”可知，生活中的事件和考验有时是我们无法控制的。outofone’scontrol“失去控制”，故填ourcontrol。2．根据“Redefineourrules”；“Remindourwhys”；“Recommittoourvision”以及“Resetandstartanewlife”可知，这里都是解决方案。solutions“解决方法”符合题意，填复数名词。故填Solutions。3．根据“Ifourownrulesaretooperfect,thentheywilldisappointusgreatly.Whenwefeeldisappointed,itiswisetoreviewandredefineourrules.Tryanencouragingrule:IamhappyandIamsuccessfulsinceIhavemademygreatestefforts.”可知，为了不让自己失望，尝试一些鼓励自己的方法。inordernottodo“为了不……”，解释目的。故填Inordernotto。4．根据“Disappointmentisaveryvaluableexperience,whichservesasagoodeducatorandmakesusmoreabletomeetthechallengesofthefuture.”可知，经历失望让我们更有能力迎接未来的挑战，设空处作主语，用动名词，disappointment“失望”为不可数名词。故填Experiencingdisappointment。5．根据“Evenso,disappointmentispartoflife’sjourney.Whetherwehaveabetterlifedependsonhowwedealwithit.Herearesomestepstohelpustomakeourjourneymoreenjoyable.”可知，妥善处理失望可以提高我们的生活质量，使我们的生活旅程愉快。quality“质量”，此处特指生活质量，故填thequality。<2>（2024·江苏南京·一模）Thetwenty-firstcenturyisalreadyturningouttobethecenturyofmoderntechnologies.Thetechnologicalrevolution(革命)thatstartedafterWorldWarIIisnowdevelopingmorequickly.Computingandothertechnologicaldevelopmentisbeginningtoreachintoinfluenceandtakeovernearlyeverypartofourlives.Thetwomaininfluencesmoderncomputinghashadonourlivesareintheareasofeconomics(经济学)andcommunications.Technologyhasledtobigchangesineconomicandbusinesssystemsandoperations(经营).Businessesnowhavetobeusingcloudservicesormachinelearningorriskfailure.Asaresult,everybigcompanybasesitsoperationsoncomputing.Forexample,CocaCola,HuaweiandTencentselldifferentproductsandservices,yettheyallshareonebasicfeature—withoutmoderncomputingservices,theiroperationswouldbreakdown.Newtechnologiesplayanimportantroleineconomies.ChinaandmanyotherdevelopingcountrieshavelargeITindustries,whichdrivetheireconomies.What’smore,developedcountries,includingGermanyandtheUnitedStates,aremovingfromanindustrial-basedeconomytoacomputingandIT-basedone.Theotherimportantinfluenceoftechnologicalchangeisinthewayofcommunication.Forexample,inthepast,peoplewrotelettersortalkedonfixedphones,whichsloweddownthecommunicationprocess.Nowtheysende-mailsandtextmessages,orchatusingmobilephones.Insteadofwaitingweeksforaletterorspendingtimefindingafixedphone,wecancommunicaterightaway.Newformsofcommunicationarecheaperorfree.Asaresult,nowpeoplewholivethousandsofkilometresawayfromeachothercancommunicateasmuchastheywantatanytime.Inconclusion,computingandnewtechnologieshavehadagreatinfluenceonourlivesinmanyways.Andtheyhavehadthegreatestinfluenceinbusinessandcommunication.Inthefuture,iftechnologycontinuesdevelopingatsuchspeed,ourbusinesspracticesandmethodsofcommunicationwillhaveevengreaterchanges.Itisalreadystartingtobringchangestootherpartsofourlives,suchastransportationandhealth.Whatinfluencehastechnologyhadonourlives?Introduction>Greatchangeshavetakenplaceintechnologies6WorldWarII.>Computinghasmadeagreat7toeconomicsandcommunications.8ofmaininfluences>Operationsofbigcompanies9oncomputing.>LargeITindustries10countrieslikeChinatodeveloptheireconomies.>Newtechnologieshave11GermanyandUSAintoacomputingandIT-basedeconomy.>Technologicalchangemakescommunication12andfasterthanbefore.>Wespend13oncommunicationaswell.>Peoplecancommunicatewitheachother14theywant.ConclusionThemore15technologyisdeveloping,thegreaterchangeswewillhave.【答案】6．since7．contribution8．Examples9．depend10．help11．turned/changed12．easier13．less14．whenever/anytime15．quickly【解析】本文主要介绍了技术对我们的生活产生的影响。6．根据“Thetechnologicalrevolution(革命)thatstartedafterWorldWarIIisnowdevelopingmorequickly.”可知第二次世界大战后开始的技术革命现在发展得更快，即自从第二次世界大战，since“自从”。故填since。7．根据“Thetwomaininfluencesmoderncomputinghashadonourlivesareintheareasofeconomics(经济学)andcommunications.”可知现代计算对我们生活的两个主要影响是在经济和通信领域，makeagreatcontributionto“为……做出巨大贡献”。故填contribution。8．根据“Technologyhasledtobigchangesineconomicandbusinesssystemsandoperations”可知此处举了一些技术对我们的生活产生的影响的例子，example“例子”，此处用名词复数，首字母大写。故填Examples。9．根据“everybigcompanybasesitsoperationsoncomputing”可知每一家大公司的运营都以计算为基础，即依靠计算机，dependon“依靠”，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填depend。10．根据“Newtechnologiesplayanimportantroleineconomies.ChinaandmanyotherdevelopingcountrieshavelargeITindustrieswhichdrivetheireconomies”可知新技术在经济中发挥着重要作用，中国和许多其他发展中国家都有推动其经济发展的大型IT产业，即帮助这些国家发展经济，help“帮助”，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填help。11．根据“developedcountries,includingGermanyandtheUnitedStates,aremovingfromanindustrial-basedeconomytoacomputingandIT-basedone.”可知包括德国和美国在内的发达国家正在从以工业为基础的经济转向以计算机和IT为基础的，即新技术把德国和美国变为基于计算和IT的经济，turn/change...into“把……变成”，此处用过去分词和助动词构成现在完成时。故填turned/changed。12．根据“Nowtheysende-mailsandtextmessages,orchatusingmobilephones.Insteadofwaitingweeksforaletterorspendingtimefindingafixedphone,wecancommunicaterightaway”可知现在他们发送电子邮件和短信，或者用手机聊天，我们可以立即沟通，而不是等待数周的信件或花时间寻找固定的电话，所以沟通更容易更快，easier“更容易”。故填easier。13．根据“Newformsofcommunicationarecheaperorfree”可知新的交流方式更便宜或免费，即花费更少，less“更少”。故填less。14．根据“nowpeoplewholivethousandsofkilometresawayfromeachothercancommunicateasmuchastheywantatanytime.”可知现在居住在相距数千公里的地方的人们可以在任何时候随心所欲地交流，whenever/anytime“无论何时”。故填whenever/anytime。15．根据“Inthefuture,iftechnologycontinuesdevelopingatsuchspeed,ourbusinesspracticesandmethodsofcommunicationwillhaveevengreaterchanges”可知如果技术继续以这样的速度发展，我们的商业实践和沟通方式将发生更大的变化，即技术发展得越快，我们的变化就越大，修饰动词用副词quickly。故填quickly。<3>（2024·江苏无锡·一模）先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。Iscream,youscream,weallscreamforicecream!Onahotsunnyday,whowouldsaynotoasweet,ice-coldicecream?Itwouldbeanexcitingtreattofindoutwhoinventedicecream.ThefirstkindoficecreamwasmadeinChinaalmostthreethousandyearsago.Itwasamixtureofsnow,milkandrice.FromChina,therecipe(食谱)wasspreadtoEurope.TheEmperorNeroofRomeenjoyedafrozendessert(甜点)thatwasamixtureofsnow,honeyandfruits.InAsia,theMughalEmperorsrequiredtheirhorsementobringsnowfromthemountainstoDelhi(Delhicangetveryhot!).Theicewasmixedwithflavours(香料)andwasthenusedinfruitsorbets(冰糕).WhentheItalianCatherinedeMedicimarriedHenryIIofFrance,shebroughtflavouredsorbetrecipestoFrance.HerItaliancookcreateddifferentflavourfruiticeforeachdayoftheweddingcelebrations.IcecreamarrivedinEnglandfromFrance.KingCharlesII,builtanicehouseinthecentreofLondonandwasthefirstBritishkingwhoisknowntohaveeatenicecream.Untilthe1800’sicecreamremainedadeliciousdessertenjoyedonlybytherich.IcecreamcametoAmericafromEurope.In1832,WhiteHousecookAugustusJacksonfoundouthowtoputicecreamincanstosendtoice-creamstores.Hewasnamedthe‘FatherofIceCream’.Technologicaldevelopmentmadeicecreamproductionpossible.In1843,theicecreammachinewasspreadtoEnglandandAmerica.Thiswasmadefromawoodenboxfilledwithiceandsalt.Todaytherearesomanydifferentflavoursoficecream.Youcannameanyflavourandtherewillbeanicecreamofit.Themostpopularflavoursarechocolateandstrawberry.InterestingFactThefirst‘refrigerators’werecreatedbymixingsaltwithice.Mixingsaltwithicereducesthefreezingpoint.Youcanachievetemperatureslowerthan-14℃.The16ofIceCreamInterestingFact➢InChinaAmixtureofsnow,milkandriceSaltlowersthetemperatureto17icecreamfrozen➢InEurope18materialswereusedtomakeicecream.Frenchenjoyedicecreamwhenpeoplegotmarried.19peoplecouldn’tenjoyicecreamuntilthe1800’s.➢InIndiaHorsemenwere20tocollectsnowfromthemountains.➢InAmericaPeoplecanbuyicecreaminstores.TheicecreammachinewasintroducedintoAmerica.【答案】16．History/Development17．keep/make18．More/Different19．Poor20．required【解析】本文主要介绍了冰淇淋的历史。16．通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了冰淇淋的历史/发展过程，此处应用名词，history(历史)/development(发展)符合。故填History/Development。17．根据“Mixingsaltwithicereducesthefreezingpoint.”可知，把盐和冰混合可以降低冰点，保持冰淇淋冷冻或使得冰淇淋冷冻，keep(保持)/make(使)符合，不定式符号to后用动词原形。故填keep/make。18．根据“WhentheItalianCatherinedeMedicimarriedHenryIIofFrance,shebroughtflavouredsorbetrecipestoFrance.HerItaliancookcreateddifferentflavourfruiticeforeachdayoftheweddingcelebrations.”可知，在欧洲，CatherinedeMedici的厨师每天会做不同口味的冰淇淋，即添加更多或不同的原料，more(更多的)/different(不同的)符合。故填More/Different。19．根据“Untilthe1800’sicecreamremainedadeliciousdessertenjoyedonlybytherich.”可知，直到19世纪，冰淇淋一直是只有富人才能享用的美味甜点。所以贫穷的人吃不上冰淇淋，故填Poor。20．根据“InAsia,theMughalEmperorsrequiredtheirhorsementobringsnowfromthemountainstoDelhi”可知，莫卧儿皇帝要求他们的骑手把雪从山上带到德里，动词过去分词required符合。故填required。<4>（2024·江苏泰州·一模）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后面表格空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。ThedrumhasexistedinChinesecivilizationforthousandsofyearsandhasadeepspiritualmeaningwhichismorethanakindofmusicalinstrument.Confuciusregardedthe“DrumDance”highly.ItisalsotheoriginoftheChinesephrase“guwu”whichmeans“embolden”(大胆)inEnglish.ThedrumwasmentionedinChinesehistoryinthePotteryAge.TheZhoudynastysetupthedrummusicinstitutionthatwasresponsible(负责的)forthemanagementofofficersknownas“drummen”anddevelopedacompletedrummusicsystem.Fromthenon,drumscametobeusedinancientChinesepracticessuchassacrifice(祭祀),military(军事),labor(劳动)andotheractivities.InancientChina,agriculturewasthemainformofproductionanddrumswereconsideredindispensable(不可或缺的)foragoodharvest.Sincethesoundofdrumsechoesthatofthunder,itwasbelievedthatplayingdrumscouldattractrain.Sotheinstrumentwasusedtoprayforgoodweatherandto“communicate”withthem.Drumsalsoplayedapartinthewar.Becauseofastrongresonanceeffect(共振作用),thedrum’ssoundcouldgoveryfarwhileincreasingfearintheheartoftheenemies.Sothedrumwasusedasamilitaryboosterforalongtime.IntheTangandSongdynasties,thesocietywasdevelopingfastanddrumswerewidelyused.Thenationalband,drama,folkart,songanddance,boatracing,liondance,festivalgatheringandlaborcompetitionwerealltogetherwiththebeatsofdrums.Thesoundofdrumsbecamesynonymous(同义的)withcelebrations,fillingheartswithjoy.DifferenttypesofChinesedrumsexisttoday.Forexample,“TaipingDrum”isusedtoexpresshopeforpeaceandprosperitywhile“AnsaiWaistDrum”ismeanttoshowthespiritoftheLoessPlateau(黄土高原)andtheheroiccharacteroffarmersinNorthwestChina.Kaifenghas“PanDrum”,andLuochuanofShaanxiProvinceisknownforits“BieDrum”.Therearealsosomecheerfulandtime-honoreddrumdancessuchas“FengyangFlowerDrum”inAnhuiProvinceand“FishingBasketFlowerDrum”inJiangsuProvince.Inaword,drumculturereflects(反映)thestability(安定)andprosperity(繁荣)ofChinesesociety.Forthousandsofyears,Chinesepeoplehavealwaysbeenexpectingpeaceandsatisfaction.DrumcultureinChinaIntroduction●ThedrumappearedthousandsofyearsagoinChina.Itgoesfar21amusicalinstrumentandhasadeepeffectonhistoryandculture.In22times●The23ofthedruminChinacanbetracedbacktothePotteryAge.●Aspecialdrummusicinstitutionwassetupfor24officerscalled“drummen”.Meanwhile,acompletedrummusicsystemwasdeveloped.●Later,drumswereputinto25inancientChinesepractices.●Peopleplayeddrumsforagoodharvestinagriculturesincepeople26itcouldbringrain.●Thesoundofthedrumcouldtravelalongway,27itwouldgiveenemiesastrongersenseoffearinthewar.●Withthefast28ofthesociety,drumswerewidelyusedandthesoundofdrumsfilledpeople’sheartswithjoy.Today·DrumsofdifferenttypesareseenacrossChinaandthey29alottotheirlocalculture.Conclusion●DrumculturereflectsthestabilityandprosperityofChinesesociety.●Peoplehopetolive30withsatisfactioninthesocietylikethis.【答案】21．beyond22．ancient/old23．history24．managing25．use26．believed/thought/considered27．so28．development29．mean/matter/contribute30．peacefully【解析】本文主要介绍了中国的鼓文化的意义及历史发展。21．根据“ThedrumhasexistedinChinesecivilizationforthousandsofyearsandhasadeepspiritualmeaningwhichismorethanakindofmusicalinstrument.”可知，鼓在中华文明中存在了几千年，有着深刻的精神内涵，它远远超出了一种乐器的范畴，morethan等同于beyond“超过”。故填beyond。22．根据“Today”及表格后内容，可知，此处讲的是古代鼓的发展，修饰“times”填形容词，所以ancient/old“古老的”符合，故填ancient/old。23．根据“ThedrumwasmentionedinChinesehistoryinthePotteryAge.”可知，鼓在中国的历史可以追溯到陶器时代。故填history。24．根据“TheZhoudynastysetupthedrummusicinstitutionthatwasresponsible(负责的)forthemanagementofofficersknownas‘drummen’anddevelopedacompletedrummusicsystem.”可知，为管理官员设立了专门的鼓乐机构称为“鼓人”，介词for后跟动名词managing“管理”。故填managing。25．根据“Fromthenon,drumscametobeusedinancientChinesepracticessuchassacrifice(祭祀),military(军事),labor(劳动)andotheractivities.”可知，后来，鼓被用于中国古代的实践中，putintouse“使用于”。故填use。26．根据“Sincethesoundofdrumsechoesthatofthunder,itwasbelievedthatplayingdrumscouldattractrain.”可知，因为鼓声与雷声相呼应，所以人们相信打鼓可以吸引雨水，believe“相信”/think“认为”/consider“认为”符合；时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填believed/thought/considered。27．根据“Drumsalsoplayedapartinthewar.Becauseofastrongresonanceeffect(共振作用),thedrum’ssoundcouldgoveryfarwhileincreasingfearintheheartoftheenemies.Sothedrumwasusedasamilitaryboosterforalongtime.”可知，此处为因果关系，前因后果，故填so。28．根据第5段“IntheTangandSongdynasties,thesocietywasdevelopingfastanddrumswerewidelyused.”可知，随着社会的快速发展，鼓被广泛使用，由“Withthefast...ofthesociety”可知，空处应填develop的名词development“发展”。故填development。29．根据第6段“DifferenttypesofChinesedrumsexisttoday...and‘FishingBasketFlowerDrum’inJiangsuProvince.”可知，今天在中国各地看到不同类型的鼓，对当地文化有很大的贡献/意义/影响，contributealot“贡献很大”/meanalot“意义很大”/matteralot“影响很大”均符合其语境。故填mean/matter/contribute。30．根据第7段“Forthousandsofyears,Chinesepeoplehavealwaysbeenexpectingpeaceandsatisfaction.”可知，人们都希望在这样的社会中安居乐业，peacefully“和平地”，副词修饰动词。故填peacefully。<5>（2024·四川成都·二模）完成图表。根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息。E-wastemeansoldelectronicslikecomputers,phones,andTVsthatpeoplethrowaway.Whennewelectronicscomeout,manyoldonesarethrownaway.Theseoldelectronicshaveharmfulmaterialsinside.Theycanhurttheenvironmentiftheygetintothegroundorwater.Electronicsneedspecialmetalsthatarehardtofind.Gettingthesemetalsfromtheearthcancausealotofpollution.Aswemakemoreelectronics,thesemetalsbecomeevenhardertofind.However,wecanrecyclethesemetalsfromoldelectronicsinsteadofdiggingfornewones.AgroupcalledWEEEistryingtoshowhowseriousthee-wasteproblemis.WEEEsaysthrown-awaye-wastelikerare(稀有的)metalsisworth$57billioneachyear.Also,UNresearchersstudied“invisible”e-waste,whichpeopledon’tnoticemuch.Theyfoundthat1/6ofalle-wasteis“invisible”andworthabout$9.5billionayear.Eventhoughit’scalled“invisible,”it’salot,weighingabout19.8billionpounds.Surprisingly,toysleadthe“invisible”e-wastegroup,accordingtothestudy.Inall,toysmakeupabout35%ofthe“invisible”e-waste.Everyyear,about7.3billionelectronictoysarethrownawayworldwide.Buttheproblemisfarlargerthanjusttoys.Homealarms,smokealarmsandpowertoolsalsoleadto“invisible”e-waste.WEEEishopingthatasmorepeopleandgovernmentspayattentiontoe-waste,theywillmakeamuchgreaterefforttomakegooduseofoldelectronicsbeforetheyarethrownaway.Afterall,therearemanyvaluablepartsinthem.Definition(定义):Theoldelectronicsthatarethrownaway.31:·Harmfulmaterialsinitwillpollutethegroundorwater.·Specialmetalsinitwillbe32.

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WEEE’sefforts:·Itworkstoremindpeopleoftheseriousnessofthee-wasteproblem.·Ithopesmoreeffortcanbeputintothe33ofelectronics.Seriousness:·Itmakesupabout1/6ofthee-waste.·Thefigure($9.5billionayear/19.8billionpounds)showsthe34and______ofthee-wastethatpeoplefailtorealize.35:toys·Theymakeupabout35%ofthe“invisible”e-waste.·About7.3billionelectronictoysarethrownawayworldwideeveryyear.Othercauses:homealarms,smokealarmsandpowertools…【答案】31．Disadvantages32． evenhardertofind33．use34．price；weight35．Cause【解析】本文主要介绍电子垃圾的相关内容。31．该栏介绍的是旧电子产品被扔掉的坏处，故填Disadvantages。32．根据“Aswemakemoreelectronics,thesemetalsbecomeevenhardertofind.”可知，随着我们制造更多的电子产品，这些金属变得更加难以找到。故填evenhardertofind。33．根据“WEEEishopingthatasmorepeopleandgovernmentspayattentiontoe-waste,theywillmakeamuchgreaterefforttomakegooduseofoldelectronicsbeforetheyarethrownaway.”可知，WEEE希望随着越来越多的人和政府关注电子垃圾，他们将做出更大的努力，在旧电子产品被丢弃之前充分利用它们。故填use。34．根据“Theyfoundthat1/6ofalle-wasteis‘invisible’andworthabout$9.5billionayear.Eventhoughit’scalled‘invisible,’it’salot,weighingabout19.8billionpounds.”可知，数字显示了人们没有意识到的电子垃圾的价格和重量。故填price；weight。35．根据“Surprisingly,toysleadthe‘invisible’e-wastegroup,accordingtothestudy.”可知，玩具在“隐形”电子垃圾中名列前茅，即玩具是原因之一，故填Cause。<6>（2024·江苏泰州·一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后的表格。(每空一词)BeginningofSpringBeginningofSpring,LichuninChinese,isthefirstofthe24SolarTerms(节气)inthetraditionalChinesecalendar.Afterthateverythingturnsgreen.Peopleclearlynoticethatdaytimebecomeslongerandtheweathergetswarmer.Thefollowingaresomethingspeopledotocelebratethecomingofspring.FlyingkitesSpringisthebestseasonforkite-flying.Thistraditionalfolkactivitybeganover2,000yearsago.Itcanhelpbuildone’shealthandpreventdiseases.Abreathoffreshairoutsidecanrefreshtheirmindwhentheyareflyingkites.WearingfabricswallowsWearingfabricswallowsisacustominsomepartsinShaanxi.EveryBeginningofSpring,peopleliketowearaswallowmadeofcolorfulsilkontheirchests.Theswallowisasymbolofspringandhappiness.BitingthespringInmanypartsofChina,peoplefollowthecustomof“bitingthespring”onthedayofBeginningofSpring.Theyeatspringpancakes,springrolls(春卷),orafewcarrots.MakingaSpringOxThiscustominShaanxiispracticedrightbeforeBeginningofSpring.Thelocalgovernmenthiressomeskilledworkersandgathersthemtobuildtheframe(框架)ofanoxoutofbamboostripsandthelegswithwood.Peoplewoulddosotowelcomespringandhopeforagoodharvestthatyear.PeopleinChinabeganholdingaspecialactivityonthedayofBeginningofSpringabout3,000yearsago.BytheQingDynasty(1644—1911),greetingspringhadbecomeanimportantfolkactivity.Sincethen,Beginning