中考英语真题分类训练-题型三一选择型阅读分类训练19说明介绍类主题1人与自我·勤学善思

分类训练19说明介绍类主题1人与自我·勤学善思A(2022重庆A卷)Weallhavethosemomentswhenbrightideashitus,butnoteveryonecandevelopsuchmomentsintothefruitsofcreativethinking.WhilewebelievecreativethinkingisthefallingappleofIsaacNewton,oneofthegreatestscientists,weseldomnoticethatcreativethinkingisinfactaprocess(过程).Let'slookatwhathappenedin1666.Sittinginthegarden,Newtonwatchedanapplefallfromatree.Hebegantowonderifthesameforcethatpulledtheappledownalsokeptthemooncirclingtheearth.Newtonbelieveditdid.Hecalledit"gravity(重力)".Thisstoryhasbecomeoneofthemostpopularexamplesof"eureka"moments.Butwhenwecheerforthegreatdiscovery,thewholeprocessofcreativethinkingshouldn'tbeforgotten.Newtonstudiedmathematicsforlongtohaveabetterunderstandingoftheworld.Healwaysenjoyedfindingnewwaystosolveproblems.Thefallingapplewasonlythefruitofyearsofhardworkbefore.Italsostartedthetrainofthoughtthatcontinuedforthenexttwentyyears.Newtonbegantoexamine"gravity"carefully.Heexperimented(进行实验).Thenhestudiedtheresultsandusedwhathehadlearnedtodonewexperiments.In1687,thegreatestscientificworkeverwrittencameout.Thewholeprocessofcreativethinkingworksthesameinourlife.Inschool,weprepareourselvesfortherightmoment.Oncethemomentcomes,wecatchitandthenkeeponworkingintheyearstocome.Ittakesmuchtogetthefruitsofcreativethinking,butthesweetestfruitswillbereadyforthosewhowaitthelongest.1Youmayreadthepassageina.

A.notice B.pictureC.magazine D.dictionary2Theunderlinedword"eureka"inParagraph(段落)4probablymeans"".

A.I'vegotit B.IgiveupC.I'venoidea D.Ibelieveit3Thewritermainlydevelopshisideaby.A.raisingquestions B.givingexamplesC.listingnumbers D.explainingdifferences4ThecreativethinkingprocessforNewtonfollowstheorderof.

a.Hecaughttherightmoment.b.Hedidexperimentsoverandover.c.Hesawanapplefallfromatree.d.Hestudiedmathematicsforlong.A.a-c-d-b B.b-a-c-dC.a-b-c-d D.d-c-a-bB(2022杭州)Therearemanydifferentwaystosolveaproblem.Onewayistobecreative.Peopleoftenthinkcreativethinkingisjustforartistsanddesigners,butthisisnottrue.Dr.EdwarddeBono,anexpertincreativethinkingandproblemsolving,hasshowntheworldthatusingcreativitytosolveproblemsisveryusefulinbusinessandinourcommunities,andwillcontinuetobesointhefuture.Oneexampleofcreativethinkingisthesolutiontoaparkingprobleminatowncenter.Intheareasclosetostores,peoplecanonlyparkfor20minutes.Thereareparkingmeterswherepeoplepaytoparkintheseareas.However,theproblemisthatmanypeopleleavetheircarsthereforlongerthan20minutes.Dr.EdwarddeBono'ssolutionistomakearulethatallcarsparkedintheseareasmustkeeptheirheadlightson.Ofcourse,driverswillwanttoreturntotheircarsbeforetheircarbatteries(蓄电池)die.AccordingtoDr.deBono,peoplewillneedtousecreativethinkingmoreofteninthefuture.Tohelppeoplethinkmorecreatively,hedesignedthe"SixThinkingHats"system(系统).Thesystemhelpspeoplethinkaboutaproblemindifferentwaysinordertofindasolution.Inthesystem,therearesiximaginaryhatsofdifferentcolors.Eachhatsymbolizesadifferentwayofthinking.Forexample,thewhitehathelpspeopleconsiderthefacts.Theblackhatisthemostlogical(有逻辑的)andhelpspeopleconsiderwhyapossiblesolutionmaynotwork.So,nexttimeyouhaveaprobleminyourcommunity,thinkaboutitcreatively,fromdifferentperspectives,andseewhatideasyouhave.1Whatisthetopicofthetext?A.Beingacreativeartistinthecommunity.B.Doingbusinesssuccessfullyinthefuture.C.Askingexpertsforsomeusefuladvice.D.Usingcreativethinkingtosolveproblems.2WhyistheexamplementionedinParagraph2?A.Toexpressaresult.B.Todescribeaproblem.C.Tosupportthetopic.D.Tolistsomenumbers.3Whatdoestheunderlinedword"perspectives"inParagraph3mean?A.Ways. B.Places.C.People. D.Rules.4Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthe"SixThinkingHats"system?A.Thesystemisusedtohelppeoplethinkquickly.B.Thewhitehathelpspeoplethinkaboutthefacts.C.Theblackhathastodowithpeople'sfeelings.D.Sixhatsofdifferentshapescanbeveryhelpful.分类训练19说明介绍类主题1人与自我·勤学善思A【短文大意】本文以牛顿发现重力的故事为例解释了什么是创造性思维。1.C【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的主旨大意可推知,你可能在一本杂志上读到这篇文章,故答案为C。2.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据上下文的描述可知,牛顿观察到苹果落地,由此发现了重力,这个故事是一个典型的"我发现了"的例子,故答案为A。3.B【解析】推理判断题。本文作者通过举例子的方式解释了自己的观点,故答案为B。4.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段和第六段的描述可知,正确的顺序是D项。B【短文大意】本文讲的是要用创造性思维来解决问题。1.D【解析】主旨大意题。本文讲的是要用创造性思维来解决问题,故答案为