Unit+4+Everyday+economics+Using+Language+语法高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册

外研选择性Book4Unit4

Everydayeconomics

GrammarReview:AttributiveClauses

语法讲解加练习

TeachingObjectivesTeachingobjectives:1.Letthestudentsknowmoreabouttheusageofattributiveclauses.2.Guidethestudentstoreviewattrbutiveclause,sothattheycanbetterunderstandtheform,meaningandpragmaticfuncation,andusetheminspecificandrealcontexts.课堂学习attributiveclauses1Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.a

Thisisaplacewhererosesgrowwild.bThebiggestchallengeattheinitialphasewastopersuadepeopletoworkforme,whichwastotallyoutsidemyexperience.1

Whatdoes“where”refertoinsentence(a)?“Where”

insentence(a)refersto“aplace”.2

Whatdoes“which”refertoinsentence(b)?“Which”

insentence(b)refersto“topersuadepeopletoworkforme”.3

Whichsentencecontainsaclausewithessentialinformationaboutthesubject?4

Whichsentencecontainsaclausewithextrainformationaboutthesubject?Sentence(a).Sentence(b).Nowlookformoresentenceswithattributiveclausesinthereadingpassage.Shecouldn’t,however,hidethelineofsweatrunningdownherforehead,whichwascausedpartlybytheheatofthetelevisionstudio,butmorebyfearofthefourpeopleseatedinfrontofher.Zhangthereforedecidedtoreturntoherhometownandgrowroses,whichsurprisedmanypeople.Assomeonewhogrowupinthecountry,Zhangalreadyknewaboutgrowingplants.However,likeanyentrepreneurwhowasjuststartingout,shestillhadalottolearn.Seeingherpeerswhoalsodreamofsuccessandindependence,Zhanghasmixedfeelings.Foryoungpeoplewhohavelittlelifeexperience,thatcanbeachallenge.

要点诠释(1)在复合句中作定语，修饰名词、代词或整个句子等的从句叫定语从句。(2)在复合句中，被定语从句修饰的名词、代词等，叫做先行词。先行词一般出现在定语从句之前。有时先行词是整个句子。(3)引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。（4）关系词分为关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose,as),它们起连接作用，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语。还有关系副词（when,where,why),它们起连接左右，并在从句中充当时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。

一、关系代词引导的定语从句1）关系代词的基本用法关系代词

先行词

在从句中的成分who

人主语、宾语(可省略）whom

人宾语(可省略）which物主语、宾语(可省略）that人、物主语、宾语(可省略）、表语whose人、物定语as人、物主语、宾语、表语（在限定性定语从句中，先行词被thesame/such/as/so等修饰。在非限定性从句中，代表整个主句）1.Thecontest_____isscheduledtobeheldinourschoolhallonJanuary18thwillfocusonthetraditionalChineseculture.2.Heisthewriter______youarelookingforwardtovisiting.3.Theyliveinahouse_____windowsfacenorth.4.Istillrememberthapeopleandthings_____Imetduringmystayinthecountryside.5.Thisisourformteacher_____classesareinteresting.6.Thebuilding_____theworkersarebuildingisourlab.7.Ilikethesamebook____youdescribe.8.Heissuchaperson_____isalwayscomplainingaboutsomething.9.Heisnolongertheperson_____heusedtobe.10.Ourvillageisnolongertheone_____itusedtobe10yearsago.1.which/that2.(who/that/whom)3.whose4.(that)5.whose6.(which/that)7.as8.as9.that10.as2)that/which/who的用法区别宜用that不用which的常见情况1.先行词是all,few,little,much,something,anything,nothng,one等不定代词或被不定代词all,no,any等修饰2.先行词被theonly,thevery,theright等修饰3.先行词被比较级或最高级修饰4.先行词是人和物时5.关系代词在定语从句中作表语宜用which不用that的常见情况1.引导非限制性定语从句时。2.介词前置，关系代词作介词的宾语宜用who不用that的常见情况先行词是不定代词all,someone,anyone,noone,anybody,everyboday等或是he或those时注意：由who或which引导的特殊疑问句中的定语从句的关系代词用that.1.Thisisthehousein_____LuXunoncelived.2.Doyouhaveanything____youwanttosayforyourself?3.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectforallthespecies____livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyinprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.4.May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,_____wasnamedofficiallybytheUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.5.He_____doesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.6.Those_____arewillingtoseethefilmpleasegetyourmoneyready.7.ThepersonIwenttolearnfromisone______studieshardandworkswell.9.WhenwetalkaboutHangzhou,thefirst____comesintomindisTheWestLake.10.Youcantakeanyseat_____isfree.11.Whoistheboy_____washerejustnow?12.Whichofthebuildings_____arebeingbuiltoverthereisourdinninghall?1.which2.that3.that4.which5.who6.who7.who8.that9.that10.that11.that12.that二、关系副词关系副词

先行词在从句中的成分分when

时间名词时间状语where地点名词或抽象名词（situation,condition,point,case,point,stage,activity等）地点状语whyreason

原因状语注意：1.关系副词=介词+关系代词。why=forwhich2.表示时间、地点或reason的先行词在从句中作主语和宾语，用关系代词which或that.1.Studentsshouldinvolvedthemselvesincommunityactivities______theycangainexperienceforgrowth.2.Doyouknowthereason____hedidn’tattendthemeetingyesterday?3.Thedaysaregone_____physicalstrengthewasallyouneededtomakealiving.4.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycentre,___theylearnsimplegameandsongs.5.Ihavereachedapointinmylife_____Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.6.Iwillneverforgetthedays______Ispenttogetherwithmyfriendsinthecountryside.7.Lastsummer,IvisitedtheGreatWall,____isthesymbolofChina.8.Thebossdidn’twanttohearanyreason_____youmightgive.1.where/inwhich2.why=forwhich3.when=in/duringwhich4.where=inwhich5.where6.which/that7.which8.that三、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句1）“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，介词的宾语只能用which或whom,而且不能省略。2）“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级+of+which/whom”引导定语从句，表示部分与整体关系。3）

“the+名词+of+which/whom”或“ofwhich/whom+the+名词”引导定语时，可换成whose引导的定语从句。1.Thecoloerlessgas_____whichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.2.Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,five____whomarewomen.3.I‘dlikearoom_____windowlooksoutoverthesea.=I‘dlikearoom_______________/________________looksoutoverthesea.4.ImadefriendswithSusanandAliceinthatspecialschool,bothof____wereinterestedinastronomy.1.without2.of3.whose=thewindowofwhich=ofwhichthewindow4.whom四、非限定性定语从句1)形式：由于非限定性从句仅对先行词或主句起补充说明作用，因此，需要逗号隔开。2）没有关系代词that，另外，关系代词作宾语也不能省略。3）翻译为两个并列分句即可。4）as和which可以引导非限定性定语从句，代表主句整个内容。其区别如下表：asas引导的非限制性定语从句可放在主句前、中、后，常表示“关于这一点”，从句谓语动词多为see,know,expect,mention,report,hope等。另外，常用于句型：asisoftenthecase等。whichwhich引导的非限制性定语从句可放在主句的后面，另外，主从句往往有一种因果关系。1.Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,___meantspendingtensofthousandsofpounds.2.___isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthe2countriesaremakingprogress.3.Heislateforclasstoday,_____isoftenthecase.（一下两题改错）3.lastweekend,IvisitedtheRedFarmwithLiHua,Ioftengotoschoolwith.4.Yesterday,anaccidenthappenedinthestreetcorner,thatfrightenedmealot.1.which2.As3.As4.在Ioften前加上who/whom4.that改成which

1.

Thatistheonlyoneofthebooksthat______(require)forstudyatschool.2.Heisoneofthestudentsinourclasswho_____(come)fromXi’an.3.Ourchemistryteacherisamanwhoalways____(make)hisclassesinterestingandlovely.4.Ihavemanypersonalaffairsthat_____(besolve)thisweekend.5.I,who____(be)yourclosefriend,willonyoursideforever.五、定语从句谓语的数1.isrequired2.come3.makes4.aresolved5.am点拨：关系代词作定语从句的主语，谓语的数应和先行词的人称及数保持一致；先行词部分为oneof+可数名词复数，则中心词为可数名词复数，先行词部分为theonlyoneof+可数名词复数，则中心词为one。2Readthepassageandrewritetheunderlinedsentencesusingattributiveclauses.GoodDealisalocalmovementinsomecountries.

Itworkstohelpfarmersandworkersinlessdevelopedareasreceiveabetterdealfortheirproduce.GoodDealproductsmaybealittlemoreexpensivethanregularproducts,butuptoone-thirdofthesalepricewillbegivenbacktotheproducers.Thisismorethantheycouldgetundertheconventionaltradingsystem.

Themovementhasprovenpopularamongyoungpeople,andtheywanttohelpproducersgetthepaymenttheydeserve.TheyhavenoproblemspendingabitmoreonGoodDealproducts,believingthattheirpurchasingoftheseproductswillhelpimprovelocalpeople’swelfare.

However,somepeoplearelessoptimistic,andarguethatitdiscriminatesagainstproducersnotpartoftheGoodDealmovement.1.GoodDealisalocalmovementinsomecountries(,)whichworkstohelpfarmersandworkersinlessdevelopedareasreceiveabetterdealfortheirproduce.2.Themovementhasprovenpopularamongyoungpeoplewhowanttohelpproducersgetthepaymenttheydeserve.3.However,somepeoplewhoarelessoptimisticarguethatitdiscriminatesagainstproducerswhoarenotpartoftheGoodDealmovement.Answers:3

ReadtheprofileandwriteanintroductiontoaGoodDealproductusingattributiveclauseswhereappropriate.Price:$25perkgOrigin:grownontheGreenEquatorEstateSpecialfeatures:•100%organic•superior,smoothblend,withmildflavour•lessthanonecaloriepercupGoodDealguarantee:one-thirdofthesalepricereturnedtolocalproducersGreenEquatorCoffeeisaGoodDealproduct,whichsellsat...Sample:GreenEquatorCoffeeisaGoodDealproduct,whichsellsatthepriceof$25perkg.ItisgrownontheGreenEquatorEstate,whosecoffeeis100%organic.Itisasuperior,smoothblendwithamildflavour,whichhaslessthanonecaloriepercup.TheproductissoldundertheGoodDealguarantee,whichpromisesthatone-thirdofthesalepricewillbereturnedtolocalproducers.

Practise一、单句语法填空1.Thedownturnhittherealestate(房地产)firm___shehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.2.Itisourhopethatincomingdecades,advancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectivefrom____tostudyhowpeoplemanagetheirlives.3.TheAppWeChatprovidesanetworkingplatform____communicationisfasterandeasier.4.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,____livedfromroughly551to479B.C,influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.5.Therearealotofstudentsinthereadingroom,mostof_____bendtheirheadsdownovertheirbooks.6.TheBeatles,___manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.7.I’mverygratefultoMr.Zhang,without_____encouragementicouldn’thavebeenadmittedtoakeyuniversity.8.Suchpeople____wererecommendedbyhimwerereryreliable.9.May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaday,____wasnamedofficiallybytheUnitedNationaonNovember27th,2019.10.Irefusedtoaccepttheblameforsomething____wassomeoneelse’sfault.11.Onthe1,100kilometerjourny,themanCaoShengkang,____losthiseyesightattheageof8inacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountriesin3months.12.Thereason_____hewashappywas_____hehadbeenownedbytheteacher.13.Butwhatifweareactuallygettingclosertoaworld____AIiscapableofthinkingandfeeling?14.KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademicswho_____(be)cuttingbackonthirairtravelbecauseoclimatechange.15.Wearelivinginanage___manythingsaredoneoncomputer.二、语篇连语法Thisweeken