2021年高考英语冲刺模拟试卷3(答案版)(上海专用)

2021年高考英语冲刺模拟试卷3（上海）ListeningSectionADirections:InSectionyouwilltenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyyouaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersondecidewhichisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveA.Thebeachwasclosedasplanned.B.Shedoesn’tenjoygoingtothebeach.C.Therewasn’tenoughfoodatthebarbecue.D.Theydidn’thavethebarbecueduetotheweather.2.A.Thedoctorcanseethemanthisweek.B.Appointmentsmustbemadetwoweeksinadvance. C.ThemanshouldcallbackonFriday. D.ThedoctorcanceledhisappointmentsonFriday.3. A.Thewomanwillhaveenoughsleepthisweekend. B.Thewomanshouldtypethereportsinthemorning. C.Thewomanshouldrestbeforeshebeginstyping. D.Thewomanwillhavetoworkdayandnight.4. A.Themanmissedtheturn. B.Theyneedtoturnupasplanned. C.Shedoesn’tknowwhereStateStreetis. D.Therewasnoleftturnatthelastcrossing.5. A.Hewantstorecopyhisnotes. B.Hehasalreadyseenthemovie. C.Hewisheshecouldgotothemovie. D.Heplanstogotothemovietomorrow.6. A.Sheprefersbigbillswhentraveling. B.She’drathertakeacreditcardthancash. C.It’sconvenienttohavecashonhand. D.Creditcardsdon’tfitinherwallet.7. A.ProfessorBrownhasn’tfinishedgradingtheexams. B.Shedoesn’tthinkProfessorBrownwillgiveanexam. C.Examsareusuallygivenduringthelastweekofclasses. D.ProfessorBrownprobablywon’tchangetheexamdate.8. A.Theymustbuysomethingforherbrother. B.Therearen’tmanyposterstochoosefrom. C.Shewantsthemantoseethepostershebought. D.Theypromisedtomeetherbrotheratthegiftshop.9. A.Hetakesdelightinfishing. B.HegetsonwellwithSusan. C.HelovestalkingwithSusan’sfather. D.HemetSusan’sparentslastweekend.10. A.She’dliketorecommendamagazinetotheman. B.She’sbeensittinginthewaitingroomtoolong. C.Dr.Smithisn’tagoodchoicefortheman. D.She’sneverbeentreatedbyDr.Smith.答案：1—5 DADAC 6—10 BDAACSectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11. A.Theyshouldleaveschoolattheageof18. B.Theycandecidewhethertogotoschool. C.Theymustlearnakindofhandicraft. D.Theywillchoosetogotouniversity.12. A.Differentformsoftests. B.Repeatedpractice.C.Hands-onexperience. D.Storytellingskills.13. A.Methodsoflearning. B.Twoeducationexperts. C.Oneofourcurrentschools. D.PrinciplesinQIschool.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14. A.Shetranslatedonlythoseshewasinterestedin. B.SheremovedtheRussiantouchfromthenovels.C.Shetranslatedquicklyandmadesomemistakes.D.Sheproducedtoomanytranslationsinherlife.15. A.KorneiChukovskyandJosephBrodsky’s. B.RichardPevearandLarissaVolokhonsky’s.C.KorneiChukovskyandLarissaVolokhonsky’s. D.RichardPevearandJosephBrodsky’s.16. A.Hestucktotheoriginal. B.Helengthenedthestory. C.Hechangedsomeplots. D.Heomittedthewar.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17. A.Tocollectmoneyforsomemedicalresearch. B.Torecoverfromthelossoffamilymembers. C.Torealizethedreamoftheirparents. D.Tobecomemorephysicallyfit.18. A.Shenevertriedrunningbefore. B.Shefoundarunningexperttotrainher. C.Shestoppedrunningifitrained. D.Graduallysheranabout15to20kmdaily.19. A.Itmightdistractherwhilerunning.B.Ithelpedherperformbetterinarace. C.Itgothertobemoremotivated. D.Itmightannoysomeotherfriends.20. A.Itwasexhausting. B.Itwasrewarding. C.Itwasdisappointing. D.Itwasunexpected.答案：11—13 BCD 14—16 BBC 17—20 ADCBGrammarSectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.OneFridaymorning,beforeMichaelwasleavingforworkhetoldhiswifethathehadfinallydeterminedtoaskhisbossforasalaryraise.AlldayMichaelfeltnervousandanxiousashethoughtabouttheupcomingshowdown.(21)_____ifMr.Duncanrefusedtogranthisrequest?Michaelhadworkedsohardinthelast18monthsandbroughtsomegreatbenefitstoBraerandHopkinsAdvertisingAgency.Ofcourse,hedeserved(22)_____wageincrease.ThethoughtofwalkingintoMrDuncan’sofficeleftMichaelweakintheknees.Lateintheafternoonhewasfinallycourageousenough(23)_____(approach)hissuperior.Tohisdelightandsurprise,theever-frugal(一惯节省的)RowlandDuncanagreedtogiveMichaelaraise!Michaelarrivedhomethatevening—(24)_____breakingallcityandstatelimits—toabeautifultablesetwiththeirbestchina,andcandleslit.Hiswife,Cassie,hadpreparedadelicatemeal(25)_____(include)hisfavouritedishes.Immediatelyhethoughtsomeonefromtheoffice(26)_____(tip)heroff!NexttohisplateMichaelfoundabeautifulletterednote.Itwasfromhiswife.Itread:“Congratulations,mylove!Iknewyou’dgettheraise!IpreparedthisdinnertoshowjusthowmuchIloveyou.Iamsoproudofyouraccomplishments!”Hereaditandstoppedtothinkabout(27)_____sensitiveandcaringCassiewas.Afterdinner,MichaelwasonhiswaytothekitchentogetdessertwhenheobservedthatasecondcardhadslippedoutofCassie’spocketontothefloor.Hebentforwardtopickitup.Itread:“Don’tworryaboutnotgettingtheraise!You(28)_____deserveone!YouareawonderfulproviderandIpreparedthisdinnertoshowyoujusthowmuchIloveyou(29)__________youdidnotgettheincrease.”SuddenlytearsswelledinMichael’seyes.Totalacceptance!Cassie’ssupportforhimwasnotconditionaluponhissuccessatwork.Oftenthefearofrejection(30)_____(soften)andwecanundergoalmostanysetbackorrejectionwhenweknowsomeonelovesusregardlessofoursuccessorfailure.What22.a23.toapproach24.despite25.including26.hadtipped27.how28.do29.eventhough/evenif30.issoftenedSectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.NotethatisoneyouA.involvedB.accuratelyC.presentD.arisesE.existingF.accuracyG.moderateH.availableI.processingJ.respectiveK.closelyComputerprogramsrecognisewhitemenbetterthanblackwomenSoftwarethatrecognisesfaceshasboundedaheadinrecentyears,arousedbyaboominaformofartificialintelligencecalleddeeplearning.Severalfirmsnowofferfacerecognitionasacommercialservice,viatheir__31__clouds.Theabilitytorecogniseinfacessuchthingsasanindividual’ssexhasimprovedtoo,andthisisalsocommercially__32__.Thealgorithms__33__have,however,longbeensuspectedofbias.Specifically,theyaredeclaredtobebetterat__34__whitefacesthanthoseofotherpeople.Untilnow,thatsuspicionhasbeenunsupportedbyevidence.Butnextweek,atFairness,AccountabilityandTransparency,aconferenceinNewYork,JoyBuolamwinioftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologywill__35__workwhichsuggestsitistrue.MsBuolamwiniandhercolleagueTimnitGebrulookedatthreesex-recognitionsystems,thoseofIBM,MicrosoftandFacebook.Theytestedtheseonasetof1,270photographsofparliamentarians(国会议员)fromaroundtheworldandfoundthatallthreeclassifiedlighterfacesmore__36__thandarkerones.Allalsoclassifiedmalesmoreaccuratelythanfemales.IBM’salgorithm,forexample,gotlightmalefaceswrongjust0.3%ofthetime.Thatcomparedwith34.7%ofthetimefordarkfemalefaces.Theothertwosystemshadsimilargulfsintheirperformances.Probably,thisbias__37__fromthesetsofdatathefirmsconcernedusedtotraintheirsoftware.MsBuolamwiniandMsGebrucouldnot,however,testthisbecausethosedatasetsare__38__guarded.IBMhasrespondedquickly.Itsaidithadretraineditssystemonanewdatasetforthepastyear,andthatthishadgreatlyimprovedits__39__.WhentestingthenewsystemonanupdatedversionofthesetofpoliticiansMsBuolamwiniandMsGebruhadused,thefirmsaiditnowachievedanerrorrateof3.46%ondark-skinnedfemalefaces—atenthofthatthetworesearchershadfoundusingthe__40__system.Forlight-skinnedmalestheerrorratealsofell,to0.25%.31~35JHAIC36~40BDKFE命题思路：1.转换法：presentn./adj./v.2.缀合法：（1）respect-respectiveavail-available（2）accurate-accuratelyclose-closely（3）involve-involvedexist-existingprocess-processing（4）arise-arises3.moderate（-moderation）ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.Thefactthatpeoplearenolongertiedtospecificplacesforfunctionssuchasstudyingorlearning,saysWilliamMitchell,aprofessorofarchitectureandcomputerscienceatMIT,meansthatthereis“ahugedropindemandfortraditional,private,enclosedspaces”suchasofficesorclassrooms,andsimultaneously“ahugeriseindemandforsemi-publicspacesthatcanbeinformallyappropriatedtoad-hoc(革新的)workspaces”.Thisshift,hethinks,amountstothebiggestchangein___41___inthiscentury.Inthe20thcenturyarchitecturewasabout___42___structures—officesforworking,cafeteriasforeating,andsoforth.Thiswasnecessarybecauseworkersneededtobenearthingssuchaslandlinephones,faxmachinesandfilingcabinets.Thenewarchitecture,saysMr.Mitchell,will“makespacesintentionally___43___”.Architectsarethinkingaboutlight,air,treesandgardens,allintheserviceofhumanconnections.Buildingswillhavemuchmore___44___shapesthanbefore.___45___,peopleworkingonlaptopsfinditcomfortingtohavetheirbackstoawall,sohybridspacesmaybecomecurvier,withmorenooks(角落，凹处),inordertomaximizethesurfaceareaoftheirinnerwalls.This“___46___”iswhatseparatessuccessfulspacesandcitiesfromunsuccessfulones,saysAnthonyTownsend,anurbanplannerattheInstitutefortheFuture,athink-tank.Almostanypublicspacecan___47___someofthesefeatures.Forexample,anot-for-profitorganizationinNewYorkhas___48___BryantPark,aonce-abandonedbutcharminggardeninfrontofthecity’spubliclibrary,intoahybridspacepopularwithofficeworkers.Thepark’smanagersnoticedthatalotofvisitorswereusingmobilephonesandlaptopsinthepark,sotheyinstalledWi-Fiandaddedsomechairswithfold-ablelecturedesks.Theideawasnottodistractpeoplefromtheflowersbuttoletthem___49___theirlittlebitofthepark.Theacademicnameforsuchspacesis“thirdplaces”,atermoriginallycoinedbythesociologistRayOldenburginhis1989book,“TheGreat,GoodPlace”.Atthetime,longbeforemobiletechnologiesbecamewidespread,Mr.Oldenburgwantedto___50___betweenthesociologicalfunctionsofpeople’sfirstplaces(theirhomes),theirsecondplaces(offices)andthepublicspacesthat___51___safe,neutralandinformalmeetingpoints.AsMr.Oldenburgsawit,agoodthirdplacemakesadmissionfreeorcheap—thepriceofacupofcoffee,say—offerscreaturecomforts,iswithinwalkingdistanceforaparticularneighborhoodanddrawsagroupof___52___.Asmore___63___placespopupandspread,theyalsochangeentirecities.Justasbuildingsduringthe20thcenturywerespecializedby___54___,townswereaswell,saysMr.Mitchell.Suburbswereforliving,downtownsfor___55___andotherareasforplaying.Buturbannomadismmakesdistricts,likebuildings,multifunctional.Partsoftownthatweremonocultures,hesays,graduallybecome“fine-grainedmixed-useneighborhoods”moresimilarinhumantermstopre-industrialvillagesthantomodernsuburbs.41.A.development B.architecture C.technology D.purpose42A.specialized B.detailed C.outstanding D.unusual43.A.attractive B.cooperative C.multifunctional D.agreeable44.A.varied B.dynamic C.artificial D.patterned45.A.Inaddition B.Forinstance C.Onthecontrary D.Meanwhile46.A.orientation B.division C.flexibility D.simplicity47.A.justify B.convert C.ruin D.assume48.A.manufactured B.transformed C.introduced D.expanded49.A.customize B.overlook C.supervise D.review50.A.judge B.balance C.choose D.distinguish51.A.serveas B.originatefrom C.differfrom D.integrateinto52.A.third-parties B.architects C.competitors D.regulars53.A.leisure B.public C.appealing D.third54.A.function B.interest C.organization D.block55.A.entertaining B.working C.socializing D.gathering41-55BACAB CDBAD ADDAB【解析】文章介绍了现代工作环境设施以及设计背后的理念。41.A.development发展B.architecture建筑风格C.technology技术D.purpose目的，从后一句architecturewasabout...可知是建筑风格的变化。42.A.specialized专门的B.detailed详细的C.outstanding突出的D.unusual不同寻常的，从下文officesforworking,cafeteriasforeating,andsoforth看出是专门的建筑结构。43.A.attractive吸引人的B.cooperative合作的C.multifunctional多功能的D.agreeable非常愉快的，从下文allintheserviceofhumanconnections看出是多功能设计。44.A.varied各种各样的B.dynamic动态的C.artificial人工的D.patterned有图案的，从下文withmorenooks看出是多种形状的。45.A.Inaddition此外B.Forinstance举例C.Onthecontrary相反D.Meanwhile同时，下文是一个具体实例，因此选择B。46.A.orientation定向B.division部分C.flexibility灵活性D.simplicity简便性，从this和上文withmorenooks判断出这里选择设计的多样性和灵活性。47.A.justify证明...正确B.convert转化C.ruin毁灭 D.assume假定，承担，根据后面文中的实例判断可以采用这些特点，选择D。48.A.manufactured建设B.transformed转变C.introduced引进D.expanded膨胀，扩大，根据后文into判断转变成。49.A.customize自定义B.overlook忽视C.supervise监督D.review复习，根据上文sotheyinstalledWi-Fiandaddedsomechairswithfoldablelecturedesks判断，这是自定义公园的行为，选择A。50.A.judge判断B.balance平衡C.choose选择D.distinguish分辨，根据下文，第一空间和第二空间的罗列，判断选择“区分三种空间”。51.A.serveas充当B.originatefrom起源于C.differfrom与...不同D.integrateinto合并，从下文safe,neutralandinformalmeetingpoints判断充当会面点。52.A.third-parties第三方B.architects建筑师C.competitors竞争者D.regulars常客，从上文一系列便民的设计判断，吸引的是常客的到来。53.A.leisure空闲B.public公众C.appealing吸引人的D.third第三，根据上文判断选择第三方空间。54.A.function功能B.interest兴趣C.organization组织D.block街区，根据本文的大意，多功能建筑，可以判断选择A。55.A.entertaining娱乐B.working工作C.socializing社交D.gathering搜集，根据郊区用来生活，可判断downtowns市中心用来工作。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)TeresaFredingmetAnnievirtuallythroughwayofFacebook.Shewasinthemidstofopeningupanewlocalpreschool,butwassetbackafterdiscoveringshehadtoinstallaveryexpensivefirealarmsystem.“She[Annie]learnedofthisandwithouteverevenmeetingme,shesaid,‘We’regoingtogetthroughthis!’

Iwassomovedbytheattitudeof‘we’inherwords,”saysFreding.ThankstoKidsCycle,$1,000wasraisedthatwenttothepreschoolsfirealarmsystem.Anothertime,aKidsCyclememberreachedoutthatafriendlosteverythinginafire.TheKidsCyclecommunitysprungintoimmediateaction.“ThechildrenwerethesamesizeasmineandIstartedfillingbagswithclothesandtoys,”saysCrysdale.“My5-year-olddaughteraskedwhatIwasdoing,andwhenIexplainedwhatitwouldbelikeifwehadafire,shestartedcollectingitemstooandaskingifIthoughtthebabywouldlikethis.”Recently,afamilypostedthattheiryoungsonwasdiagnosedwithleukemia.Theboywasnolongerabletoshareabedwithhissiblingbecauseofhisweakenedimmunesystem.Thefamilymentionedthattheywerelookingtopurchaseanewbed.“Withinanhour,thepagewasfilledwithhundredsofcommentsfrommembersdonatingbeds,bedding,clothes,moneyformedicalbills,etc,”saysKristinBelkofer.“Thefamilywasoverwhelmedwithgratitude.”It’ssmall,simpleactslikethesethatspeakforKidsCycle’sgenerousandkindspirit.Mostofthetimeit’s

strangershelpingotherstrangers,sincethemajorityofcommunicationisdoneonline.Yeteventhoughit’sallvirtual,thesefamiliesareabletoformrealfriendships.Strangersbecomeneighbors.Andamongthosestrangers,KidsCycleisacompletelyjudgment-freeforum.Parentstradetipsonallthingsrelatedto

beingaparent:thegood,bad,andtheugly.Whilenothingistooembarrassingtopost,administratorshavetheoptiontopostanonymously,allowingthegrouptotackledeeperissueslikedivorce,addiction,custody,andcounseling.TheFacebookgroupalsohasdedicateddaystoencouragememberstospeakfreely,likeVentFridayandGratitudeMonday.“Whatmakesthegroupsospecialiseveryone’swillingnesstohelpandbeinvolved.Noonejustwatchesstuffgoby,”saysCrysdale.“Notadaygoesbythatyoudon’tseeactsofkindness.”Theword“we”intheparagraph2implies______.Anniewouldfacethedifficultyandsolvetheproblemtogetherwithher.TerasahadaskedAnnietobeapartnerandAnnieagreed.Anniewouldinstallthefiresystemforthepreschool.Theywoulddonatethemoneyneededtoinstallthefiresystem.Kidscyclememberswoulddotheallthefollowingexcept______.donatingmoneytothepeoplewholosttheirhomesinafire.donatingstuffsuchasclothes,bedding,etc.forpeoplewhoneeded.makingrealfriendsonlineandsharingtheirdifficulties.postinginformationforcertainpeople.“Kidscycleisajudgement-freeforum”meansthat_______.membersshouldsticktotherulesandusetheirwordscarefully.members,asstrangers,don’tcareothers’judgement.membersaretoooccupiedtomakeanyjudgement.membersfocusonsolvingproblems,notgossiponotherpersonalstuff.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?PossibleTeresaandAnniehavenevermeteachother.KidscyclewasestablishedbyFacebookusers.Parentsshouldusetheirrealnamesbeforeposinganyproblem.Kidscycleisaonlinecommunitydedicatedtohelpingothers.56~59.ADDC(B)Afamiliarvoiceisjustfewdigitsawayfromyou.Whetheryoupreferhigh-techoptionsormoretraditionallandlines,thereareaffordablewaystocallhomewhenyoutravelabroad,evenifyoudon’tcarryaninternationally-capablecellphone.RepaidCallingCardsRepaidcallingcardsprovidetheultimateinflexibility:theycanbeusedfrommostlocations,includingpayphones,cellphonesandlandlines.Butnotallcallingcardsareequal,especiallyoverseas.Comparetherateoptionsassociatedwithdifferentcards,whetheryoubuythembeforeyoutravelorontheroad.Somechargeapre-connectionfeeaswellasaperminutefee,forexample.CallbackServiceAsthenamesuggests,theseservicescallyouandthenplaceyourcallatcheaperrates.Youinitiatethecallbydialinga“triggernumber–aconnectiontothecall-backservice’scomputers.Letthecallringonceandthenhangup.ThecomputercallsyoubackfromtheUnitedStatesusinglowerinternationalratesandmakestheconnectionafterverifyingyouraccountnumber.Oftencheaperthandirect-dialcalls,buttheservicesmaynotworkathotels,wherestaffmaynotacceptthereturncalls.Theserviceiswelcometothosewhomakelotsofinternationalcalls.VoiceOverInternetProtocol(VoIP)VoIPworksbydigitalizingyourvoiceandsendingitviatheInternettothepersonyou’recalling,whohearsitonhisPCspeakers,orbyroutingitthroughregulartelephonelinestoanyone’sstandardphoneline.VoIPservicesgenerallyworkbestwithabroadbandorwirelessInternetconnectionandcanbeusedfromhotelrooms,Internetcafesorwirelesshotspotsifyouhaveanotebookcomputer.SincemostcallsusetheInternet,andconnectionsintoandoutoftheInternetaretypicallylocalcalls,theratesareastonishinglow.60.Accordingtothepassage,ifcomputertechnologyisnotavailable,travelersareadvisedtocallby_______.A.landlineB.repaidcallingcard C.callbackserviceD.payphone61.Whatisfocusedoninthecallbackservice?A.Makingaphonecallasbriefaspossible.B.Takingadvantageofthehotelphonecallservice.C.Savingoncallsbycallingfromhome. D.Usingthebankaccountforcallpayinanycountry.62.Thepassageismainlyintendedto__________.A.offertipstotravelersonhowtocallhomeforlessB.helptravelersfindtheeasiestwaytocallbackhomeC.introducetheoptionalapproachestofamilyconnectionD.advisetravelerstocallhomethroughbroadbandorwirelessInternet60-62BCA(C)Foreseeingatimewhenapatient’sowncellsmaybeharvested,multiplied,andfashionedintoareplacementorgan,researchersinBostonhavesuccessfullytransplantedlaboratorygrownbladders(肾)intosixdogs.Foracentury,physicianshavereplaceddiseasedordamagedbladdersbyremovingsectionsofaperson’sintestines(肠子)andshapingthemintoasubstitutebladder.Whiletheprocedureofferssomerelieftopatients,complicationsoftendevelopbecausenaturedesignsintestinaltissueforapurpose—absorbingnutrients—otherthanholdingwasteliquidofthebody.“Youstartabsorbingstuffthatshouldberemoved,”saysAnthonyAtalaoftheChildren’sHospitalinBoston.Otherphysicianshaveturnedtohuman-madematerialstocreateartificialbladders,butthoseeffortshavealsorunintoproblems.Consequently,tobuildabetterbladder,Atalaandhiscolleaguesdecidedtoemploytheorgan’sowncells.Toturnthecellsintoanorgan,theresearchersfirstformplasticwhichcanbreakdownnaturallyintobladder-shapedshell.Theythencoatitsoutsideandinsidewithlayersofcellsneeded.Totestthisstrategy,Atala’sgroupobtainedbladdertissuefromdogsandgrewitintoorgans.Afterremovingthedogs’bladders,theinvestigatorsimplantedtheartificialonescomingfromthedogs’owncells.Withinamonth,theorgansbegantoperformlikenormalbladders.Withinthreemonths,theplasticshellshadbrokendownnaturally,andtheimplantedorganswerehardtodistinguishfromnaturalones.Bloodvessels(血管)quicklygrewintothem.Moreover,nervesseemtoformproperconnectionswiththeneworgans,allowingthedogstoregainnormalcontroloftheirbladders.Somedogshavehadtheartificialbladdersfornearlyayearwithoutanyproblems.Whilethebladdersofdogscloselyresemblethoseofpeople,Atalawarnsthatmoretestingofthistransplantstrategymustoccurbeforeartificialbladdersarereadyfortheclinic.63.Thetraditionalmethodofshapingpartsofintestinesintoasubstitutebladder_______.allowsthepatienttoabsorbuselessthingsbringsthepatientalotofsufferingspreventsthepatientfromabsorbingnutrientsworsensboththefunctionoftheintestinesandthebladderTheartificialbladdersimplantedindogs_______.workedperfectlyaslongasthreemonthsbegantoworkaswellasanormaloneinafewweeksprovedtobeabletoworkforseveralyearsdidnotworkproperlyuntilafteramonthWhyisitsuggestedthatmoretestingshouldbemade?Whatsuitsdogs’bladderswillalsosuithumanbladders.Dogs’bladderscanbeimplantedintohumanbodies.Humanbladdersmaywellbedifferentfromdogs.Artificialbladdersgrownindogscanbeusedforhumanbeings.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?Thewayofturningintestinesintobladders.Theprospectofmanufacturingplasticbladders.Thehistoryofmakingartificialbladders.Thepossibilityofmakingbladdersfromtheirowncells.63~66.ABCDSectionCDirections:thefollowingpassages.ineachblankwithasentenceintheEachsentencebethatsentencesneed.A.Thebestexplanationisthatdolphinslearnedthismethodfromacloseassociate.B.Researchshowsthatthisbehaviorgetspasseddownalmostexclusivelythroughthematernalline.C.Youngdolphinsspendyearsincloseassociationwiththeirmothersandnaturallytendtoadopttheirmothers'waysD.Becausewhileknowledgefrompreviousgenerationshasbeentestedbytime,certainbehaviorsmaybecomelessusefulifconditionschange.E.Take,forexample,theclevertrickthatsomedolphinsusetocatchfishbytrappingtheminseashells.F.Basedonthisassertion,wecan'tdiscountthepossibilitythattheyinnovateindividuallyontheirown.Dolphinslearnspecialforaging(捕食)techniquesfromtheirmothersandit'snowclearthattheycanlearnfromtheirbuddiesaswell.____67____Itturnsoutthattheylearnthisskillbywatchingtheirpalsdothejob.Thediscovery,reportedinthejournalCurrentBiology,helpsrevealhowgroupsofwildanimalscantransmitlearnedbehaviorsanddeveloptheirowndistinctcultures."Dolphinsareindeedverycleveranimals.Soitmakessensethattheyareabletolearnfromothers,"saysSonjaWild,aresearcherattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermany.___68___Thisstudy,however,showsthatdolphinsarealsomotivatedtolearnfromtheirpeersinadditiontomimickingtheirmothers.Thebottle-nosedolphinsthatliveinSharkBay,WesternAustralia,havebeenstudiedfordecades,andscientistshaveidentifiedoverathousandindividualsbylookingattheuniqueshapeandmarkingsoftheirdorsalfins.Researchersknowwhatfamiliesthedolphinsbelongto,andkeeptrackoftheircloseassociates.Wildandhercolleagueshavecloselyexaminedhowdolphinslearnparticularstrategyforcatchingfishonethatinvolvesusingtheemptyshellsoflargeseasnails.Adolphinwillchaseafishtooneoftheseshells,andthentheyinserttheirbeakintotheshell,bringthewholethinguptotheface.Afterthat,theyshakeitupabovethewatersurfacetodrainthewateroutoftheshelluntilthefishbasicallyfallsintotheiropenmouth.Whetherornotdolphinscaughtfishinthiswaydidn'tseemtobeexplainedbyhowmanyshellswerelyingaroundtheirhuntingarea,norwhethe