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Chapter9Single-andTwo-PhaseMotors7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines1Qualitativeexaminationofsingle-phaseinductionmotorSquirrel-cagerotorbutonlyonephaseonthestatorStatorMMFwillpulsate,producingtwoequalforward-andbackward-rotatingMMFwavesNostartingtorque7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines2Oncethemotorisrunning,itwillproduceaveragetorquetosustaintherotationasshowninthetorque-speedcurvesbelow7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines3Startingandrunningperformanceofsingle-phasemotors1-phaseinductionmotorsclassifiedbystartingmethod:Split-phasemotorCapacitor-typemotorShaded-polemotor1-phasesynchronousmotors:Synchronous-reluctancemotorHysteresismotor7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines4Split-phaseinductionmotorMainwindingandauxiliarywindingAuxiliarywindinghasahigherresistancetoreactanceratiothanthemainwinding,switchedoutatspeedGivesasmallphaseshiftthatproducesmoderatestartingtorque7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines5Capacitor-startinductionmotorMainwindingandauxiliarywindingAuxiliarywindinghasaseriescapacitor,switchedoutatspeedGivesasignificantphaseshiftthatproduceshighstartingtorque7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines6Permanent-split-capacitorinductionmotorMainwindingandauxiliarywindingAuxiliarywindinghasaseriescapacitor,notswitchedout(essentiallyatwo-phasemotor)Givesasignificantphaseshiftthatproducesgoodrunningperformance7/10/20247Single-PhaseInductionMachinesCapacitor-start,capacitor-runinductionmotorMainwindingandauxiliarywindingAuxiliarywindinghastwoseriescapacitors,oneswitchedoutatspeedGivesasignificantphaseshiftthatproduceshighstartingtorqueandgoodrunningperformance7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines8Shaded-polemotorSmall,inexpensive,lowtorque,lowefficiencyShadingpolehasoneshortedturncausingaphaselag(byLenz’slaw)thatgivesasmallrotationalfluxforstarting7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines9Self-startingsynchronous-reluctancemotorStartsasaninductionmotorusingoneofthemethodsalreadydiscussed,thenrunsasasynchronousreluctancemotor7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines10HysteresismotorRotorissmoothcylinderofmagneticallyhardsteel:HysteresisinthesteelproducesaphaselagoftherotorfluxStatorneedsinusoidalwindingdistributionTwo-phasemotor:OperatessmoothlyasasynchronousmotorSingle-phasemotor:Statorisusuallypermanent-split-capacitorPracticalinsmallsizes7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines117/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines12Hysteresismotorconfigurationandtorque-speedcharacteristicRevolving-fieldtheoryofsingle-phaseinductionmotorsThetworevolvingfields,oneforwardandtheotherbackwards,eachinducesitsownrotorcurrentsandproducesitsowninductionmotoractionWeconsiderthemachine’smainwinding,atfirstconsideringtherotorstationary,showingitsforwardandbackwardfieldeffects,thenconsidertherunningconditions7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines137/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines14Single-phaseinductionmotor(a)rotorblocked,(b)rotorblockedshowingeffectofbothrotorfields,(c)runningconditions7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines15Subscriptfmeanstheforward-rotatingcomponentandbmeansthebackward-rotatingcomponent,andthesymbol||meansconnectedinparallelwith.Slipoftherotorwithrespecttotheforward-rotatingcomponentissandwithrespecttothebackward-rotatingcomponentis2-s.7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines16Two-phaseinductionmotorsSymmetricalcomponentscanbeusedtoanalyzeunbalancedtwo-phasemotors,wherethephasesareaandb:7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines177/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines18Synthesisofanunbalancedtwo-phasesystemfromthesumoftwobalancedsystemsofoppositephasesequence7/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines197/10/2024Single-PhaseInductionMachines20Resolutionofunbalancedtwo-phasevoltagesintosymmetricalcomponents.Seeexample9.3andpracticeproblem9.3inthetextforcomputationsusingMatlab.SummaryThesingle-phaseinductionmachineisdiscussedincluding:Methodsofproducingstartingtorquesuchassplit-phaseandcapacitor-typemotorsTheoryofdoublerevolvingfieldsfora
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