2025版高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第三册Unit2HealthyLifestyle提能训练

Unit2HealthyLifestyleⅠ.阅读理解A(2024·河南省TOP二十名校调研)Newdiscoveriesandtechnologicalbreakthroughsaremadeeveryyear.Yet,astheinformationindustrymovesforward,manypeopleinsocietyarelookingbacktotheirrootsintermsofthewaytheyeat.A“locavore”movementhasemergedintheUnitedStates.Themovementsupportseatingfoodsgrownlocallyandsustainably,ratherthanprepackagedfoodsshippedfromotherpartsoftheworld.Expertsholdthateatinglocalhasmanymerits,andisexpectedtobecomeatrendfeaturingsustainability.ErinBarnettisthedirectorofLocalHarvest,acompanythataimstohelpconnectpeopletofarmsintheirarea.Byeatinglocal,sheargues,peoplehaveabetterandmorepersonalunderstandingoftheimpacttheirfoodconsumptionhasontherestoftheworld.“Thereisawayofconnectingthepoint,whereeatinglocallyisanactthatraisesourawarenessofsustainableliving，”Barnettsays.TheUnitedStates’agriculturaloutputisoneofthehighestintheworld,saysTimothyBeach,aprofessorofgeographyandgeoscienceattheUniversityofTexasinAustin,Texas.“There'sjustnootherplaceonEarthwheretheamountofinputissoproductive，”BeachsaysofAmericanagriculture.“Nobodycancutoffthefoodweneed.”However,theUSfoodsystemisnotsustainablebecauseofitsdependencyonfossil(化石)fuels,saysBeach.Equipmentusedon“extremelyproductive”，farmsisquicklyconsumingEarth'snaturalresources,particularlyoil.Additionally,theproductionofagriculturalsupplements(补充剂),suchasfertilizer,useslargeamountsofenergy.Theworldhasusedclosetohalfoftheglobaloilsupply,Beachsays,andthesecondhalfwillbeconsumedatanevenfasterratebecauseofgrowingpopulationandeconomicdevelopment.Althoughmanybusinessesareexperimentingwithwind,solar,andbiofuel,Beachsaysthere'snothingthatweseeonthehorizonthatcanreplaceit.“ThereisnowayonEarthweareusingfossilfuelssustainably.Thenwehavetoreconsidertheimpactofeatinglocal，”hesays.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。随着信息产业的发展，美国却兴起了“土食者”运动，该运动支持食用在本土以可持续方式种植的食物，从而提高人们对可持续生活的意识。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“merits”inParagraph2probablymean？BA．Aspects. B．Advantages.C．Challenges. D．Explanations.解析：词义揣测题。依据其次段中的“Byeatinglocal,sheargues,peoplehaveabetterandmorepersonalunderstandingoftheimpacttheirfoodconsumptionhasontherestoftheworld.(她认为，通过食用本地食品，人们对自己的食品消费对世界其他地区的影响有了更好、更深刻的了解。)”和“Thereisawayofconnectingthepoint,whereeatinglocallyisanactthatraisesourawarenessofsustainableliving(有一种方法可以将这一点联系起来，在这一点中本地饮食是一种提高我们可持续生活意识的行为)”可知，食用本地食品可以让人们更好地了解自己的食品消费所带来的影响，还能够帮助提高人们对可持续生活的意识，由此可推想出，食用本地食品有许多好处。merit意为“优点”，与B项“好处”意思最为接近。故选B。2．What'stheweaknessoftheagricultureintheUnitedStates？AA．Itconsumestoomanynaturalresources.B．Ithasarelativelylowagriculturaloutput.C．Largeequipmentisnotwidelyemployed.D．Agriculturalsupplementsaren'tavailable.解析：微小环节理解题。依据第四段中的“Equipmentusedon‘extremelyproductive’farmsisquicklyconsumingEarth'snaturalresources,particularlyoil.(在‘极其高产的’农场上所运用的设备正在快速消耗地球的自然资源，特别是石油。)”可知，美国的农业的弱点是消耗了太多自然资源。故选A。3．What'sBeach'sviewonnaturalresources？AA．Dependencyonoilisandwillbeabigissue.B．Peoplewilluselessandlessoilinthefuture.C．Theuseoffossilfuelsfeaturessustainability.D．Therearebetterreplacementsforfossilfuels.解析：推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Theworldhasusedclosetohalfoftheglobaloilsupply,Beachsays,andthesecondhalfwillbeconsumedatanevenfasterratebecauseofgrowingpopulationandeconomicdevelopment.Althoughmanybusinessesareexperimentingwithwind,solar,andbiofuel,Beachsaysthere'snothingthatweseeonthehorizonthatcanreplaceit.(Beach说，全世界已经运用了全球近一半的石油供应，而由于人口的增长和经济的发展，下一半的石油将以更快的速度被消费。尽管许多企业都在试验风能、太阳能和生物燃料，但Beach说，我们目前看不到任何东西可以替代它。)”可知，Beach认为全世界已经运用了将近一半的石油，而剩下的石油将消耗得更快，石油并不是可持续的，而且目前还没有能代替它的东西，由此可推想出，随着石油储备降低，依靠石油会成为一个大问题。故选A。4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？BA．ScientificWaystoEatLocalB．IsEatingLocalSustainable?C．EffortstoPromoteLocalFoodsD．AreLocalFoodsEnough?解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲解并描述了美国兴起了“土食者”运动，该运动支持食用在本土以可持续方式种植的食物，食用本地食品可以提高人们对可持续生活的意识。再结合其次段中的“Expertsholdthateatinglocalhasmanymerits,andisexpectedtobecomeatrendfeaturingsustainability.(专家们认为，食用本地食品有许多优点，并有望成为一种可持续发展的趋势。)”可知，本文主要围绕食用本地食品和可持续绽开，B项“食用本地食品是可持续的吗？”最能概括本文。故选B。B(2024·哈尔滨市学业质检)Haveyouheardaboutthesuggestionthatobesity(肥胖)shouldberecognizedasadisease？Thewidespreadviewisthatobesityiscausedbyoneselfandthatitisentirelytheindividual'sresponsibilitytodosomethingaboutit.YetProfessorJohnWildingpointsoutthatmorethan200genesinfluenceweight,andthusbodyweightisstronglyinfluencedbybiology—itisnotanindividual'sfaultiftheydevelopobesity:“Recognizingobesityasadiseasewithseverecomplications(并发症)ratherthanalifestylechoiceshouldhelpreducethestigma(耻辱)anddiscriminationexperiencedbymanypeoplewithobesity，”headds.ProfessorWildingdisagreesthatlabelingahighproportionofthepopulationashavingadiseaseremovespersonalresponsibilityormaybringmuchpressuretohealthservices,pointingoutthatothercommondiseases,suchashighbloodpressureanddiabetes,requirepeopletotakeactiontomanagetheircondition.Hesuggeststhatmostpeoplewithobesitywilleventuallydevelopcomplications.ButDr.RichardPile,aphysicianwithaspecialinterestindiabetes,arguesthatadoptingthisapproach“couldactuallyresultinworseoutcomesforindividualsandsociety”．Hebelievesthatthedictionarydefinitionofdiseaseisunclearsothatwecanclassifyalmostanythingasadiseaseandsaysthequestionisnotwhetherwecanbutwhetherweshould,andtowhatend.What'smore,makingobesityadisease“maynotbenefitpatients,butitwillbenefithealthcareprovidersandthepharmaceutical(制药的)industrywhenhealthinsuranceandclinicalguidelinespromotetreatmentwithdrugsandsurgery，”hewarns.语篇导读：本文主要就“肥胖是一种病吗？”绽开了探讨，并给出了两位教授的看法。5．WhatdoesProfessorWildingargueaboutobesity？AA．Ithasmuchtodowithone'sgenes.B．Itresultsfromlackofself-control.C．Itshouldn'tbeconsideredasadisease.D．Itshouldbedefinedasadiseaseinadictionary.解析：微小环节理解题。依据第一段中的“YetProfessorJohnWildingpointsoutthatmorethan200genesinfluenceweight...itisnotanindividual'sfaultiftheydevelopobesity”可知，JohnWilding教授认为肥胖与基因关系密切，并非个人行为所致。故选A。6．WhatistheideaofProfessorWildinginthesecondparagraph？BA．Lifestylechoicesdeterminethebodyweight.B．Obesepeoplemaytakeactionagainstseverecomplications.C．Obesitydiseasehasmuchincommonwithotherdiseases.D．Peopleshouldgivesympathytoobesepeople.解析：推理推断题。依据其次段中的“pointingoutthat...mostpeoplewithobesitywilleventuallydevelopcomplications.”可以推断，JohnWilding教授认为肥胖的人应当实行行动以避开引发其他并发症。故选B。7．What'sDr.RichardPile'sattitudetowardsthesuggestion？DA．Approved. B．Neutral.C．Ambiguous. D．Opposed.解析：推理推断题。依据第三段内容可知，RichardPile对将肥胖看作一种病的建议持反对看法。故选D。8．Howdoesthewriterdevelopthetext？AA．Bycriticalwriting.B．Byanalyzingthefindings.C．Byusingexamples.D．Bycitingthefacts.解析：推理推断题。本文第一段提出肥胖是否应被认为是一种疾病这个话题，紧接着分别介绍了Wilding教授和Richard博士对此话题的观点及各自给出的理由，故本文是通过批判性写作来绽开文章脉络的。故选A。C(2024·东北师大附中月考)Ofalltheproblemsthatpeoplefacetoday,depressionprovestobeoneofthehardesttopinpoint.Peopleoftensuffersecretly,notwantingtoadmittheirneedofprofessionalhelp.Theycontinuewiththeirnormalroutinesand,manytimes,unhealthyeatinghabits.Now,healthprofessionalsareactuallylinkingdietanddepressionandhavefoundsuccessinusingdiettotreatthedisorder.SeveralresearchersandAustralianinstitutionsatDeakinUniversityinVictoria,Australia,setouttoevaluatethedirectlinkbetweendietanddepression.Theycarriedoutthestudyovera12-weekperiodandobserved67patientswithmoderatetoseveredepression.Fortheircontrolgroup,thepatientsreceivedsocialsupportratherthanswitchingtheireatinghabitstoawell-balanceddiet.Theotherpatientsthenreceiveddietarycounselingsessionswheretheywereadvisedtoeatadiethighinfruits,vegetables,andleanmeats.Afterthetrialperiod,over30percentofthepatientshadgoneintoremissionwiththeirdepression.Only8percentofthecontrolgroupactuallyexperiencedthissameimprovement.Thistrialhasgreatlyhelpedresearchersunderstandandbetterhelppatientssufferingfromdepression.MostAmericanstodaydonotassociatetheirdietanddepressiontogether.Nearly60percentofAmericanseatoverprocessedfoods.90percentofaddedsugarcomesfromtheseprocessedfoods.Forpeoplewithdepression,thisdietmightgiveashortenergyburst,butitwilleventuallycauseenergytosink,bringinghappymoodsdownwithit.Manypeoplealsolovecaffeine,drinkingmultiplecupseachday.Again,theyconsumeextrasugar.However,thecaffeinecanalsodisruptsleepandcauseanxiety.Inaddition,peoplewithdepressionmayhaveatendencytoturntoalcohol.Unfortunately,alcoholdepressesthecentralnervoussystem,whichwilldirectlyinfluenceaperson'smoodfortheworse,especiallythosedealingwithdepression.Accordingtotheresearch,dietanddepressiondogohandinhand.Thosesufferingfromdepressionshoulddoawaywithprocessedfoodsasmuchaspossible.Withafewsimplechangesinlifestyle,thesepatientscanimprovetheirmentalhealthandreturntonormalactivitieswithrenewedenergyandjoy.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。主要讲解并描述了饮食与抑郁之间的关系。9．Whatpreventspatientsfrombeingidentifiedaccordingtothepassage？AA．Theirreluctancetoaskfortreatment.B．Lackofprofessionalhelp.C．Unawarenessoftheirdietproblems.D．Inadequatesocialsupport.解析：推理推断题。依据第一段“Peopleoftensuffersecretly,notwantingtoadmittheirneedofprofessionalhelp.(人们常常暗自苦痛，不愿承认他们须要专业帮助。)”可知，不愿承认须要专业帮助，不愿寻求治疗是阻碍患者被识别的缘由。故选A。10．WhatdoweknowaboutthestudyconductedatDeakinUniversity？DA．Thepatientsinthestudycamefromdifferentpartsoftheworld.B．Twogroupsweredividedonthebasisoftheirlevelsofdepression.C．Thecontrolgroupenjoyedabetterimprovementintheirmood.D．Thestudyhelpsresearchersfindabettertreatmentfordepression.解析：推理推断题。依据其次段“SeveralresearchersandAustralianinstitutionsatDeakinUniversityinVictoria,Australia,setouttoevaluatethedirectlinkbetweendietanddepression.(澳大利亚维多利亚州迪肯高校的几位探讨人员和澳大利亚探讨机构起先评估饮食与抑郁之间的干脆联系。)”和“Thistrialhasgreatlyhelpedresearchersunderstandandbetterhelppatientssufferingfromdepression.(这项试验极大地帮助探讨人员了解并更好地帮助抑郁症患者。)”可推知，迪肯高校进行的这项探讨帮助探讨人员找到更好的治疗抑郁症的方法。故选D。11．Howdoprocessedfoodsinfluencethosedealingwithdepressionaccordingtothestudy？BA．Chemicalsinthemwillweakenpatients'centralnervoussystem.B．Addedsugarfromthemwillfinallylessenpatients'happiness.C．Theycanmakepatientsmorelikelytobeaddictedtoalcohol.D．Theywillreduceessentialmood-boostingnutrientsinpatients.解析：推理推断题。依据第三段中“Nearly60percentofAmericanseatoverprocessedfoods.90percentofaddedsugarcomesfromtheseprocessedfoods.Forpeoplewithdepression,thisdietmightgiveashortenergyburst,butitwilleventuallycauseenergytosink,bringinghappymoodsdownwithit.(近60%的美国人过度食用加工食品。90%的添加糖来自这些加工食品。对于抑郁症患者来说，这种饮食方式可能会让他们的精力短暂爆发，但最终会导致精力下降，快乐的心情也随之下降。)”可知，90%的添加糖来自深加工食品，添加的糖分最终会降低患者的华蜜感。故选B。12．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext？CA．WhatyouneedisjustarightdietB．Whatisyourdepressionkiller?C．Isyourdietmakingyoudepressed?D．It'stimetochangeyourlifestyle解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合文章其次段“SeveralresearchersandAustralianinstitutionsatDeakinUniversityinVictoria,Australia,setouttoevaluatethedirectlinkbetweendietanddepression(澳大利亚维多利亚州迪肯高校的几位探讨人员和澳大利亚探讨机构起先评估饮食与抑郁之间的干脆联系。)”和最终一段“Accordingtotheresearch,dietanddepressiondogohandinhand.(依据这项探讨，饮食和抑郁的确密切相关。)”可知，文章主要介绍了对饮食与抑郁之间是否有关联的探讨，C项“Isyourdietmakingyoudepressed？(你的饮食习惯让你抑郁吗？)”是最佳标题。故选C。Ⅱ.七选五(2024·重庆市巴蜀中学月考)Intoday'sfast-pacedworld,itcanbechallengingtoprioritizeourhealth.However,maintainingahealthylifestyleisessentialforalongandfulfillinglife.1.E.1．Abalanceddietandregularexercisematter：Acornerstoneofahealthylifestyleisabalanceddiet.Eatingavarietyoffoodsfromallfoodgroupsensuresyougetthenecessarynutrients.Includeplentyoffruits,vegetables,wholegrains,leanproteins,andhealthyfatsinyourdailymeals.Limittheintakeofsugaryandprocessedfoods.2.D.Aimforatleast150minutesofmoderate-intensityexerciseeachweek.Activitieslikewalking,swimming,orcyclingcanhelpmaintainahealthyweight,strengthenyourmuscles,andimproveyourcardiovascularhealth.2．3.B：Sleepiswhenourbodiesrepairandrecharge.Aimfor7—9hoursofqualitysleepeachnight.Lackofsleepcanleadtoarangeofhealthissues,includingimpairedcognitivefunctionandaweakenedimmunesystem.Itshouldalsobebroughttoyourattentionthatchronicstresscannegativelyimpactyourhealth.Practicestress-reductiontechniquessuchasmeditation,deepbreathingexercises,oryogatokeepstresslevelsincheck.3．Avoidharmfulhabitsanddoregularcheck-ups：4.F.Quittingsmokinganddrinkinginmoderationcansignificantlyimproveyouroverallwell-being.Inthemeantime,don'tneglectregularmedicalcheck-ups.Theycanhelpdetectandpreventhealthissuesearly,whentheyareeasiertomanage.Inconclusion,adoptingahealthylifestyleisalifelongcommitment.5.G.Remember,yourhealthisyourmostvaluableasset(资产),soinvestinitwisely.A．EmphasizehydrationandsocialconnectionsB．AdequatesleepandstressmanagementwillhelpC．Therefore,youshouldreallydoworkoutsregularlyD．Inaddition,physicalactivityiscrucialforgoodhealthE．HerearesomekeytipstohelpyoustayonthepathtowellnessF．SmokingandexcessivealcoholconsumptionarebadforyourhealthG．Bymakingsmall,sustainablechanges,youcanimproveyourselfsteadily语篇导读：如何在繁忙的工作和生活中保持健康以及选择健康的生活方式的三条建议。解析：1．考查段落末句。上文提到了要保持健康以及有一个健康的生活方式，此处选E最恰当，承上启下。故选E。2．考查上下文连接。本段小标题为“Abalanceddietandregularexercisematter”。空格前在讲“abalanceddiet”，此处选D最恰当，引出下文讲exercise。故选D。3．考查段落大意，本段介绍了睡眠以及应对压力对健康的重要性，因此B项最符合。故选B。4．考查段落首句。本段标题为“Avoidharmfulhabitsanddoregularcheck-ups”，因此第一部分应当讲与不良习惯有关的内容，F项最符合。故选F。5．考查上下文连接。本段对全文内容进行总结，健康无小事，但只要一步一个脚印，人人都可以养成良好的习惯，G项最符合。故选G。Ⅲ.语法填空(2024·湖北省新高考协作体联考)Researchhasrevealedsomeworrying1.trends(trend)inthewayyoungpeopleareleadingtheirlives.Badeatinghabitsareatthetopofthelist,2.withmanyyoungsterseatingtoomanyofthewrongthings.Healthexpertswarnthattheconsumptionoflargequantitiesofjunkfoodputschildrenindangerofbecomingobeseand3.developing(develop)serioushealthproblemslateroninlife.Thesit-downlifestyle4.led(lead)bychildrentodayisalsoamajorcauseforconcern.Moreover,the5bination(combine)oflackofexerciseandtoomucheating,witheatingtoomuchunhealthyfood,6.is(be)arecipefordisaster.Thereare,however,waysoftacklingtheseproblems.Forexample,youngstersand7.their(they)parentscanmakesuretheyhave8.abalanceddiet.Childrencouldjoinacluborsociety9.wheretheycouldmakenewfriendsandgetmoreexercise.Onethingisforsure—alifestyleofjunkfoodandlack