UNIT3重难知识点(备课件)高二英语系列（人教版2019选择性必修第二册）

Unit3FoodandCulture重难知识点1.prioradj.先前的;优先的*Whatdidyoudopriortocominghere?你来这里之前做什么工作?*Thistaskispriortoallothers.这项任务要比所有其他任务优先完成。*It’saprioritytorespectourparents.首先要尊敬我们的父母。*Fireengineshave/takepriorityoverothertraffic.消防车比其他车辆有优先通行权。【词块积累】(1)priorto 在……之前的,先于(2)bepriorto 在……前面,优先(3)apriorityto ……的优先权(4)have/takepriorityover 有……的优先权【知识微练】(1)语法填空①Priorto______(take)aworkingholidayabroadyouwillneedtodoanumberofthings.②Nowhemustmakeita_______(prior)tofixthedeeplybrokensystem.(2)Theyinsistthattherighttoliveshould________________allotherconsiderations.

他们坚持认为,生存权利应放在其他一切考虑因素之上。takingprioritytakepriorityover2.consistvi.由……组成/构成;在于*(2019·浙江高考)Rockmusicconsistsofmanydifferentstyles.摇滚乐由许多不同的风格组成。*Happinessconsistsinservingthepeople.幸福在于为人民服务。*Ourdeedsmustconsistwithourwords.我们必须言行一致。【词块积累】consistof 由……组成consistin 在于;存在于consistwith 与……一致;并存【知识微练】(1)语法填空①Lifeconsists__notonlysunshinebutalsohardtimes.②Iwassurprisedtofindthebikedidn’tconsist____whatyouadvertised.(2)同义替换Successliesin(=_________)industryandmodesty.

ofwithconsistsin【词块积累】(1)stuff...with... 用……填满/塞满……(2)bestuffedwith 塞满了,挤满了(3)andstuff 诸如此类【知识微练】(1)语法填空①Givinghongbao,redenvelopes______(stuff)withmoney,atweddingshasbeenatraditioninChina.②ThisisthedrawerwhereIkeeppaper,envelopes____stuff.(2)同义替换Thebusesarealwayscrowdedwithpassengersduringtherushhours.=Thebusesarealways___________passengersduringtherushhours.

stuffedandstuffedwith4.slicen.(切下的食物)薄片vt.把……切成薄片*Putsomebutteronasliceofbreadandaddateaspoonofbutter.在一片面包上放一些黄油,再加一茶匙的黄油。*(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jennafoundthebreadandputtwoslicesintotheeggmixture.珍娜找到了面包,把两片放入鸡蛋混合物中。*Heslicedabigpieceoffthebacon.他切下一大块熏猪肉。*Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.如果你有榨汁机,你可以仅仅放入冷冻香蕉和一些浆果或切片水果。【词块积累】(1)asliceof 一片(2)slice...off 把……切下来slicedfruit 切片水果slice...intoslices 把……切成薄片【知识微练】(1)语法填空①Therearetwo_____(slice)ofturkeyonthetable.②Iusuallybuy_____(slice)bread—it’slessbother.(2)Atfirst,I________________________________.

首先,我把绿色蔬菜切成片。(3)The33-year-oldenjoyedasmall_____________bybecomingthefirstChinesemainlandgolfer.

33岁的他成为了中国大陆首位高尔夫球手,这也为他创造了一小段历史。slicesslicedslicedthegreenvegetableintopiecessliceofhistory5.exceptionaladj.特别的;罕见的*(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)WewillwanderintraditionalsmalltownsandendourtourwithanexceptionalmuseuminShanghai.我们将在传统的小城镇里漫步,并在上海的一个特别的博物馆结束我们的旅行。*Everyoneshouldhelpcleanthisroomandyouarenoexception.每个人都应帮忙打扫房间,而你也不例外。*Wealllaughed,withtheexceptionofJerry.除了杰瑞,我们都笑了。【词块积累】(1)exceptionalperformance/circumstances/measures/ability...非同一般的表现/情况/措施/能力等(2)except

prep.除……之外exceptfor 除了……以外;要不是由于exceptthat... 只可惜;除了……之外(3)exception n.例外;异议withtheexceptionof 除了……以外noexception 无一例外(4)exceptionally adv.异常地;特殊地;例外地【知识微练】(1)语法填空①Gregoryis____________(exceptional)goodatcomputerprogramming.②Allpassedtheexamination____theexceptionoftwostudents.③TheseniorexecutivesaidtheP40serieswillbeavailableinallmarketsexcept___theUnitedStates,BrazilandRepublicofKorea.(2)__________________aredifferentinsomewaysfromothersofthesameage.

特别的孩子在某些方面与其同龄人不同。exceptionallywithforExceptionalchildren6.consumevt.吃;喝;饮;消耗,消费*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。*Theconsumptionoftheresourcesontheearthisincreasingatanalarmingrate.地球上资源的消耗正以惊人的速度增长。*Weshouldadopttheconsumers’reasonablesuggestions.我们应该采纳消费者的合理建议。【词块积累】(1)consumesth. 消耗/吃掉/花费某物beconsumedwith 受……的折磨;充满(2)consumer n.消费者consumption n.消耗;消费【知识微练】(1)语法填空①Thereisnodenyingthatsuchratingsmightbringconvenienceto__________(consume).②Computersaccountfor5%ofthecountry’scommercialelectricity____________(consume).③Alcoholcandamagetheliveranddogreatharmif_________(consume)inlargequantities.(2)同义替换Iwassuddenlyfullof(=_____________)curiosityabouthim.

consumersconsumptionconsumedconsumedwith7.Tired,hungry,andnotknowingawordofChinese,wehadnoideahowtoorder,sothechefjustbeganfillingourtablewiththebestfoodwehadevereaten.

又累又饿,而且一个汉字也不认识,我们压根儿不知道如何点餐,于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物,那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。【句式解构】形容词或形容词短语可以作状语,表示方式、伴随、原因、时间、条件、让步等。﹡(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Hehadtriedtocoaxthedogtohimbut,frightened,ithadrunoff.(伴随)他曾试图把狗哄到他身边,但狗吓坏了,跑掉了。﹡Brave,goodandstrong,Xiulianisthecharacterwecareaboutmost.(原因)勇敢、善良、坚强,秀莲是我们最关心的人物。*Ripe,theseapplesaresweet.这些苹果熟了,味道很甜。(时间/条件)*Wetorfine,healwaysgetsupatsixandtakesawalkinthepark.

不管是晴天还是下雨天,他总是六点钟起床,并到公园里散散步。(让步)【知识微练】(1)Whenthepolicemanstoppedus,wealllookedquestioninglyathim,__________________(紧张又困惑).

(2)Tomstaredatthefootprint,_________(充满了恐惧).

(3)_______________________________,MrGreenwentdowntowakeher.

格林先生下去叫醒她,是因为这个女孩睡过了头惹恼了他。nervousandpuzzledfulloffearAngrywiththegirlforoversleeping8.Ontheotherhand,itdoestellusalotaboutAmericans.

另一方面,它确实告诉我们很多关于美国人的事情。【句式解构】助动词does或do加在动词原形前面表示对谓语动词的强调,它属于一般现在时的强调句式用法。如果是对一般过去时的强调,则用助动词did。﹡Hedoeslikesinging.他确实喜欢唱歌。﹡Please!Dobequietamoment!求求你们!安静一会儿!﹡That’sexactlywhatReeddidsay.里德确实是那样说的。【知识微练】(1)I_______thatyouwon’tloseheartandwillkeeponlearningChinese.

我真的希望你不要灰心,继续学习中文。(2)Sittinginfrontofthescreen___________________andphysicalpostureofchildren.

坐在屏幕前确实会损害孩子的眼睛和身体姿势。dohopedoesdamagetheeyes9.somewhatadv.有点,稍微*(2021·浙江高考)Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls,however,Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:online.然而,为了寻找其他志同道合的人,保罗在网上这个不太可能的地方开始寻找。*Thingshavechangedsomewhatsincethen.从那时候起,情况就有些不一样了。*SomehowKarinmanagedtocopewiththedemandsofhercareer.不知怎么地,卡琳设法应付了那些来自工作的要求。*Anyhow,thisdoesn’tpreventtheInternetfrombecomingourfriend.无论如何,这并不妨碍互联网成为我们的朋友。【词块积累】somehow 不知怎么地;以某种方式;莫名其妙地anyhow 总之;无论如何;不管怎样【知识微练】选词填空(somewhat,somehow,anyhow)(1)Thepricewas_________higherthanI’dexpected.(2)________,knowledgecanbelearnednotonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughactivities.(3)Don’tworry.We’llgetthemoneyback________.

somewhatAnyhowsomehow10.associationn.协会;关联*MynameisLiHua.AndIamwritingtoapplyforbeingavolunteerofourSchoolEnglishAssociation.我叫李华。我写信是为了申请成为我们学校英语协会的志愿者。*Myassociationwithhimgoesbacktoourdaysinhighschool.我和他的交往可以追溯至高中时代。*Inwesterncultures,redisassociatedwithpower,control,andstrength.在西方文化中,红色与权力、控制和力量联系在一起。【词块积累】(1)associationwith... 与……的交往/联系inassociationwith... 与……联系;与……联合(2)associate v.联想;联系,使关联associatewith... 联合;与……联系在一起(3)associated adj.关联的;联系的beassociatedwith... 与……有联系的【知识微练】(1)语法填空①The__________(associate)wasformedtorepresenttheinterestsofwomenartists.②Dogswerealso_________(associate)withhealingintheancientworld.(2)Motherwarnedtheboys__________________badcompanions.

母亲告诫孩子们别和坏人交往。associationassociatednottoassociatewith11.quantityn.数量;数额*Expertssaythatthequalityofpraiseismoreimportantthanthequantity.专家说,表扬的质量比表扬的数量更重要。*Ifallpeoplecutdownonfoodwaste,alargequantityoffoodcanbesavedandmorepeoplewillbefed.如果所有的人都减少食物浪费,大量的食物可以被节省,更多的人将被养活。*Ihearquantitiesofmoneyhavebeencollectedfortheearthquake-hitarea.我听说已经为地震灾区筹集了大量的资金。【词块积累】alarge/smallquantityof 大/少量的(large)quantitiesof 大量的inquantity 大量地【知识微练】语法填空(1)Alargequantityofmoney________________(collect)tohelpthosesufferingfromthefloods.

(2)Inthefirstplace,vehiclessendoutlargequantitiesofpoisonousgaseswhich___(be)amajorsourceofairpollution.(3)_________(quantity)offoodandtentsweresenttoearthquake-strickenareasfromShandong.

hasbeencollectedareQuantities12.fundamentaladj.根本的;基础的;基本的*Hardworkisfundamentaltosuccess.努力工作是成功的基础。*Fundamentally,therearetwodifferentapproachestotheproblem.从根本上说,这个问题有两种不同的处理方法。【词块积累】(1)befundamentalto 对……很重要fundamentalchange 根本改变;根本变化fundamentalprinciple 根本原则;基本原理(2)fundamentally adv.根本地,从根本上(3)fundamental n.基本规律,根本法则

【易混辨析】fundamental书面用词,指作为基础、根本的抽象事物basic普通用词,指明确、具体的基础或起点essential语气比basic和fundamental强,强调必不可少vital侧重指维持生命、活力必不可少的,或生死攸关的【知识微练】语法填空(1)HebelievesbetterrelationswithChinaarefundamental__thewell-beingofthearea.(2)Onlythroughthesemeasurescouldnoiseproblembesolved_____________(fundamental).

fundamentallyto13.consistentadj.一致的;连续的*Underit’sconsistentpull,biteandpush,thewirefencewasfinallytornopenwithloudnoises.在它不断的拉、咬、推下,铁丝栅栏终于在巨大的噪音中被撕开了。*Weneedtobeconsistentinourapproach.我们必须在方法上保持一致。*Newgoalsarenotalwaysconsistentwiththeexistingpolicies.新目标并不总是与现行政策一致。*Heconsistentlymatcheshiswordswithhisaction.他总是言行一致。【词块积累】(1)beconsistentin 在……一致beconsistentwith 和……一致/相符(2)consistently adv.一贯地;一致地【知识微练】(1)语法填空①Hisactionisalwaysconsistent____hiswords.②Whatevermethodyouchoose,youmust___________(consistent)stickwithit.(2)Itisour_________positiontosupportthepoliticalsolutiontotheconflictinthecountry.支持政治解决该国的冲突是我们的一贯立场。withconsistentlyconsistent14.regardlessof不管;不顾*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Regardlessoftheriskofgettinginfected,UncleLiisresponsibleanddevotedtohisjob.李叔叔不顾感染的危险,对工作负责,尽心尽力。*Hewentaheadanddidit,regardlessoftheconsequences.他说干就干了,没有考虑后果。【词块积累】(1)regardlessof+从句 不管……,不顾……,强调不认为……重要,从而不加以重视或考虑(2)despite=inspiteof 尽管;不管;虽然(后常接名词,不接从句)(3)withregardto 关于;至于(4)bestregards 最好的祝福(用于书信结尾)regardlessof与despite意义相近,但后者是介词,无需再接of,可以直接接宾语。【知识微练】(1)语法填空①Sheisdeterminedtodoitregardless__allconsequences.②Dr.Bethunecontinuedworkinginspiteof_______(cut)hishandduringanoperation.(2)_____________myfavoriteChinesepoet,I’dliketointroduceDuFutoyou.

至于我最喜欢的中国诗人,我想向你介绍杜甫。ofcuttingWithregardto15.ratherthan而不是*Ratherthanscoldingme,hepraisedmyhonestyandthenencouragedmetoapologizetoourneighbor.他没有责骂我,反而称赞我的诚实,然后鼓励我向邻居道歉。*IwouldturnofftheTVratherthanswitchoffmycellphoneorcutofftheInternet.我宁愿关掉电视,也不愿关掉手机或切断网络。【词块积累】woulddo...ratherthando... 宁愿做……,也不愿做……otherthan 不同于;除了……外orrather 更确切地说morethan 多于;不仅仅;非常【知识微练】(1)语法填空①Itmeanswewouldtryhardtolivearichliferather____giveupeasily.②Ifeelitisyouratherthantheboywho___(be)toblameforbeinglateforthespeech.③Sheworkedasasecretary,__rather,apersonalassistant.(2)重要的是你做什么,而不是你说什么。(ratherthan)译:________________________________________________

thanareorItiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaythatmatters.16.TheAmericanHeartAssociationrecommendsthatwelimitourselvestolessthan100-150caloriesadayfromsugar,whichislessthanwhatisusuallycontainedinonecanofsweetdrinkorinasinglecandybar.美国心脏协会建议,每天从糖中摄取的热量应控制在100-150卡路里以内,这比一听甜饮料或一块糖果所含的热量要少。

【句式解构