衔接点03 介词、连词（初高考点差异及衔接）（原卷版）-2024-2025初升高衔接资料（新高一暑假学习提升）

衔接点03介词、连词（初高考点差异及衔接）介词初中要求学习时间，方位等介词的基本含义和用法高中要求介词的考查形式多样,除了单纯考查介词外,还常考查介词与其他词的搭配。此外,在定语从句中,也常考查“介词+关系代词”的用法。有些介词的考查频率较高,如with,beyond。【初中介词考点聚焦】考点一时间介词、方位介词、方式介词和其他介词1.AnewbridgewasbuilttheYellowRiverlastyear.

A.around B.acrossC.againstD.along2.About12，000peopletookpartinthe2023SuqianMarathonApril2.

A.at B.on C.in D.to3.Nowstudentshavemorefreetimenightbecauseofthe“doublereduction”policy.

A.in B.on C.at D.to4.Thetrafficlightisgreen.Let’sgotheroad.

A.againstB.among C.across D.above5.spring，thedaysareoftenwindyandbright.It’saperfecttimetoflyakite.

A.On B.In C.At D.With考点二介词短语及固定搭配1.Weneedtotellpeopletojustdoonesmallthingwell100thingspoorly.

A.aswellasB.insteadofC.accordingtoD.becauseof2.Noonehelpedme.Ididitallmyself.

A.forB.ofC.byD.about3.Placenamesoftenhaveinterestingconnectionsthelocallandscapeandpeople.

A.inB.onC.atD.to【高中介词考点聚焦】考纲解读介词的考查形式多样,除了单纯考查介词外,还常考查介词与其他词的搭配。此外,在定语从句中,也常考查“介词+关系代词”的用法。有些介词的考查频率较高,如with,beyond。考点清单考点一、表示工具、手段、方式的介词的用法要点精讲：①by涉及交通工具的单数名词且该名词前不加冠词和任何修饰语。by还可以表示"靠……手段,用……方法,凭借……",后可接名词、代词或动词-ing。bysea,bywater,byland,byair,bybike,bytaxi,byplane,byship/boat,bytrain,byspaceshipWecanrealizeourdreambyworkinghard.通过努力我们可以实现梦想。Youcanmakethecakebymixingeggsandflour.把鸡蛋与面粉混合，你就可以做出那种蛋糕。②with表示"用,使用(某种工具、物品或材料等)"。所接名词前应加冠词或形容词性物主代词。Hesharpenedhispencilwithaknife.他用小刀削铅笔。Weseewithoureyes,hearwithourears,andwalkwithourlegs.我们用眼睛看，用耳朵听，用腿走路。③in表示用材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等。如：ThebookwaswritteninChinese.这本书是用中文写的。Hespokeinaloudvoice.

他大声说话。Pleasewriteinink，notinpencil.请用墨水写，不要用铅笔写。④on表示"通过,使用,借助于”媒体工具。如ShelearnsEnglishontheradio/onTV.她通过收音机/电视学英语。单句填空1.Iusuallygotoschool______mydad’scar,whilemybrothergoestoschool_____foot.2.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat________theirhands.3.Acoupletwritermayshowhisfeelings________meansofdescribingthesceneryorexpressinghiswishesinhisworks.考点二、表示"原因或理由"的介词的用法要点精讲：介词用法例句for常与表示闻名、奖罚等意义的形容词或动词连用,如famous,known,praise,punish等Xi'anisfamousforitslonghistory.西安因历史悠久而著名。at常与表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词(如happy,pleased,angry,delighted等)连用,表示产生这种情感的原因Hewassurprisedatthenews.听到这个消息他很惊讶。with常与表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的抽象名词连用,强调随着心理变化而产生的情感变化Heshoutedloudlywithanger.他气得大喊大叫。from常接抽象名词,表示自然或间接原因Shefeltsickfromtiredness.她累得浑身不对劲。of多用于表示自身的原因;也常用于某些与情感相关的形容词后Herfrienddiedofcancer.她的朋友死于癌症。Hisfatherisproudofhim.他父亲为他感到骄傲。单句填空1.Youdon’tneedtoapologize__________aminorslip.2.Gigglingkidsracedcheerfullyalongthelakesidebeach,___________theirparentsenjoyingtheshadypicnicareasunderthetreesalongtheshore.考点三、表示“除了……”的介词的用法要点精讲：①besides指“除了……还有”，与inadditionto/apartfrom/asidefrom同义。作连接副词时，意为“此外”。如：TwoforeignteacherswerepresentatthemeetingbesidesSmith.除了史密斯之外，还有两名外籍教师出席了会议。②but作介词时，意为“除了(……之外)”，常用在no,all,nobody,anywhere,everything,no等词和其他疑问词后面。如：Whobutafoolwoulddosuchathing?除了傻瓜谁会做这样的事？③except与exceptfor都意为“除……外”，两者一般都不能位于句首。但except后接的词同整体词（主语）一般是同类，指在同类的整体中除去一个部分。exceptfor后接的词同整体词（主语）不是同类的，指从整体中除去一个细节。如：TheofficeisopeneverydayexceptSundays.除了星期日这家公司每天都营业。Hisdiaryisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.除了一些拼写错误，他的日记写得还不错。单句填空1.________thosemeasuresinschools,47footballtrainingcampshavealsobeenbuiltinanefforttopromotethesportamongyoungpeople.2.Hegoestothelibraryeveryday________whenheisnotwell.考点四、两组高频易混介词比较要点精讲1：表示支持、反对的介词for,against介词词义例句against反对，倚靠，逆着，相反，在……的衬托下，与……比赛Shewasforcedtomarryagainstherwill.她被迫违心地嫁了人。That'sagainstthelaw.那是违法的。Theskier'sredclothesstoodoutclearlyagainstthesnow.滑雪者的红衣服在雪的衬托下显得分外醒目。for支持，赞成，与infavorof同义Areyoufororagainstthenewroadscheme?你对修建新道路的计划是赞成还是反对？单句填空1.Marysoldthehouseeventhoughitwas​​________herhusband'swish.2.OurNationalFlagstandsoutbrightly________thebluesky.3.Museumsmustcompete_______people’ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.要点精讲2：表示“像……”的介词as,likeas用作介词，指身份、资格，意为“作为”。如：Letmespeaktoyouasafather.(事实上是父亲)Treatmeasafriend.把我当作朋友。like用作介词，意为“像……一样”。如：Letmespeaktoyoulikeafather.(事实上不是父亲)Helookslikehisfather.他长得像他父亲。单句填空1.Youarenotwearingyourseatbelt,soyoucanslideinandoutofyourseateasily.Thatsounds________alotoffun.2.Westartwithsmalltalk，apoliteconversationaboutsomething______trafficorweather.3.ForLucy,nothingbeatstraveling,whichshedescribed________herfavoritepartofbeingalive.考点五介词的习惯搭配1.与形容词构成的搭配(1)be＋adj.＋aboutbeanxiousabout对……忧虑becuriousabout对……好奇(2)be＋adj.＋atbeangryat因……生气begoodat擅长(3)be＋adj.＋inbeabsorbedin专注于……beactivein积极于……bedressedin穿着……beengagedin忙于……(4)be＋adj.＋forbeeagerfor渴望……befamousfor因……著名befitfor适合，胜任……bereadyfor准备好……(5)be＋adj.＋frombeabsentfrom缺席bedifferentfrom不同于(6)be＋adj.＋tobecloseto接近……bedevotedto致力于……beequalto等于……befamiliarto对……来说熟悉(7)be＋adj.＋ofbeawareof意识到……befondof喜欢……(8)be＋adj.＋withbebusywith忙于……befamiliarwith对……熟悉bepatientwith对……有耐心2．与名词构成的搭配(1)“at＋n.”表示状态ataloss不知所措atpeace处于和平中atwar在战争中atwork在工作(2)“on＋n.”表示状态onexhibition/show在展出onfire着火onsale出售，打折ontheway在途中(3)“by＋n.”表示方式byaccident偶然byair/plane乘飞机bychance偶然bydesign故意(4)“in＋n.”表示方式incash用现金付款indepth在深度上indetail详细地inheight在高度上(5)“of＋n.”表示特征(等于相应的形容词)ofbenefit有益处的ofuse有用的(6)“outof＋n.”表示状态outofbalance失去平衡outofbreath上气不接下气(7)“with＋n.”表示方式withdelight/joy高兴地withdifficulty困难地一．单句语法填空(用单词的适当形式完成句子)1.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapackdogs,seventobeexact.

2.Firstcelebrated1970,theDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregions(地区).

3.—Goodmorning,Mr.Lee’soffice.—Goodmorning.I’dliketomakeanappointmentnextWednesdayafternoon.

4.Cornuseslesswaterriceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.

5.]Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(医学界)amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedsideeffectssuchasoverweightandheartdisease...

6.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterriblecrowdsontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoandwork.

7.Manypeoplewholivealongthecoastmakealivingthefishingindustry.

8.WhenyoudrivethroughtheRedwoodForestsinCalifornia,youwillbetreesthatareover1,000yearsold.

9.Determiningwherewearerelationtooursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.

10.Weofferanexcellenteducationtoourstudents.return,weexpectstudentstoworkhard.

11.Thestudysuggeststhatthecultureswegrowupinfluencethebasicprocessesbywhichweseetheworldaroundus.

12.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhourawaycarandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.

13.Haveyoueverheardofthetreesthatarehomesanimalsbothonlandandsea?

14.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenoughtocoolthehouseduringthehotday;thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.

15.ManyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearoundbutThomasEdison.

二．专项语篇型填空(介词和介词短语)Asweknow,waterisveryimportant1man.However,whenmyclassmatesandIwenttotowntogether2bikeoneSaturday,wefoundmanycarwashesonbothsidesoftheroad.Nowtownsarebadlyshort3freshwater.Weshouldsaveeverydropofwater4ourdailylife.Water,especiallyfreshwater,isveryimportanttous.Weshouldbeclear5thefactandIhopethegovernmentcantakemeasurestosolvetheproblemassoonaspossible.Doyouagreewithme6thispoint?

Asstudents,weshoulddoourpart7protectingwater.Firstly,weshouldknowthatinourdailylife,weshouldsavewater,electricityandpaper.Moreover,recyclewhateverwecan,8thewaterthathasbeenused.Lastbutnotleast,don’tforgettoinfluencethose9youtofollow,andraisetheirawarenessofsavingwater!Ifwedon’tactnowtoprotectwater,itwillrunoutoneday,whichwillbeathreat10thesurvivalofushumanbeings.

连词初中要求并列连词and,or,either.…or,neither.…nor,but,for,so等从属连词主要有that,whether,if,when,where,sothat等高中要求1.掌握并列连词的基本意义,根据句子之间的相互关系能正确运用连词。掌握构成并列句的并列连词如:and,or,but,yet,so,while,when和either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...等。2.掌握从属连词主要考查连词的判断选用,以对时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和结果状语从句的考查最为频繁。【初中连词考点聚焦】考点一并列连词1.ReadthebookCutePets，youwillknowhowtotakecareofyourcat.

A.orB.soC.andD.but2.Lifeislikeaone⁃wayrace，treasureeverymomentastimecannotbewonagain.

A.soB.andC.orD.but考点二从属连词1.Iwilltrymybesttohelpyou，Idon’tknowwhattostartwithyet.

A.whether B.sinceC.though D.until2.astronautsgoonspacewalks，theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe.

A.Though B.TillC.When D.Unless3.—Itisimpossibletofinishthedifficulttaskinsuchashorttimeonmyownbothofusworktogether.

—Noproblem.Let’sstart!A.if B.butC.because D.unless3.—Youknow?In12hours!

—That’scrazy.Howisitevenpossible?A.howsoonwemustfinishthetaskB.howoftenwemustfinishthetaskC.howsoonmustwefinishthetaskD.howoftenmustwefinishthetask4.AgathaChristiewasafemalewriterisconsideredthequeenofcrimenovels.

A.whatB.whoseC.whoD.which5.—DoyouknowtheboyistalkingtoMrZhang?

—Yes.Heisourmonitor.A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.whom【高中连词考点聚焦】考纲解读考纲要求理解并列句的结构,掌握并列连词的基本意义,根据句子之间的相互关系能正确运用连词。掌握构成并列句的并列连词如:and,or,but,yet,so,while,when和either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...等。及在名词性从句，状语从句，定语从句中连词的用法考点清单一、并列句并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。①Inaddition,itsabundantfoodresourcesandenergyintheoceanmakeitpossibleforlivingthingstosurvive.此外，海洋中丰富的食物资源和能源使生物生存成为可能。[2022·全国甲卷书面表达]②Wesatdownnexttoeachother,butDavidwouldn'tlookatme.[2022·新高考卷Ⅰ读后续写]我们挨着坐下，但大卫不愿看我一眼。③Hemusthavebeencaughtintherain,forheiswetallover.他一定淋雨了，因为他全身都湿了。④EitheryoumustimproveyourworkorIshalldismissyou.要么你改进工作，要么我就辞退你。[指津](1)when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于atthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：beabouttodosth.when...正要做某事，这时突然……beonthepointofdoingsth.when...正要做某事，这时突然……bedoingsth.when...正在做某事，这时突然……haddonesth.when...刚做了某事，这时突然……Hewasabouttogotoschoolwhenastrongwindbegantoblow.他正要去上学，这时突然刮起了大风。(2)“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。Hurryup，oryou'llbelateagain．快点，否则你会再迟到。1.Astimegoesby,theseseedscancomeupgrowinthenearfuture.

2.However,theyhavebeentestingtoseeifeatingsoilissafeforthebodyifitmaycauseanysideeffectsinthepastfewmonths.

3.Youmaywanttokeepacalmmood,youshouldneverstopfightingforyourselves!

二、状语从句项目连词例句注意事项时间状语从句when,while,as,before，after,since，until,themoment等WhenIwaswalkingalongthestreet,Imetafriendofmine.Iwilltellhimthenewsthemomenthecomes.要注意时态一致，一般情况下，在时间状语从句中，表示将来的动作用一般现在时(不可用将来时)地点状语从句where,whereverWherethereisawill,thereisaway.Wearealwayswelcomewhereverwego.注意不要和where引导的定语从句混淆，若是定语从句，where前必然有先行词条件状语从句if,unless,as/solongas,onconditionthat,incase等Youshouldgotoschoolunlessyouareseriouslyill.Hewillcertainlypasstheexamnexttermifheworkshardathislessons.条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时原因状语从句because，since，as，now(that)Hedidn'tgotoschoolbecausehewasill.AsheisaLeaguemember,hetakestheleadineverythinginhisclass.①because语气最强，回答why提出的问题；since次之；as最弱；②as引导的从句往往放在主句前面，for后面的并列分句往往表示一种附带的解释或说明让步状语从句although,though，while,as,evenif/though，whatever,however,whoever,nomatterwhat/who/howAlthoughheisachild,heknowsalot.Tiredas/thoughIwas,Iwentonwithmywork.IwillgoandattendthemeetinghoweverbusyIam.①当用though或although引导从句时，后面的主句不能有but；②as引导的让步状语从句必须把表语、状语或动词原形提前结果状语从句so...that...,such...that...,sothatHerunssofastthatnoonecancatchupwithhim.ItwassuchaninterestingnovelthatIreaditthreetimes.IgotuplatesothatImissedtheearlybus.在so...that...和such...that...结构中，so为副词，后面跟形容词、副词或分词，而such为限定词，后面只能跟名词或名词性短语方式状语从句as,justas,asif,asthoughWeshouldworkandstudyashedid.Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.asif,asthough在方式状语从句中多指非真实的或可能性较小的情况，常用虚拟语气比较状语从句as...as...,notso...as,比较级＋thanHeworksashardaseveryoneelse(does)intheclass.Heistallerthananyotherstudentinourschool.可以用比较句型表示在一定范围内的最高级含义：比较级＋than＋anyother＋单数可数名词目的状语从句sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase(that)Shestudieshardsothat/inorderthatshecanenterakeyuniversity.Takeanumbrellawithyouincaseitshouldrain.从句中常用may,might,can,could,should等情态动词时间状语从句1.shepickedupthephoneafterdinnertocontinuewiththegame,shestartedtofeelthatsomethingwaswrongwithherrighteye.

2.Thoughreadingalot,accordingtoSandra,shedidn’treallystartwritingsheattendedherfirstcreativewritingclassincollege.

3.Thinkfirstyoulosepatiencewithsomeoneyoulove.

条件状语从句1.wemakegooduseofpublictransport,theenvironmentwillbebetter.

让步状语从句1.scientistshavelearnedalotabouttheuniverse,thereismuchwestilldon’tknow.

2.Apairofredshoes—theyareforsports,dancesorjustfashion—isamust-haveforeveryChinesewoman’sshoecollection.

原因状语从句1.Theyarepretendingtokeepahealthyandwiseattitudetowardsfailuresimplytheyareincapable(无能力的)ofsucceeding.

结果状语从句Soabsorbedwasheinhisworkheforgottohavelunch.

方式状语从句Thehousewasgreatlydamagedbythetruckandwe’dbetterleaveititisuntilthepolicearrive.

1.youcansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.

2.wedon’tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.

3.Let’snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekendthattheygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.

4.—Peter,pleasesenduspostcardswe’llknowwhereyouhavevisited.

—Noproblem.5.Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeopleyoufigureitout.

6.birdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes.

7.LocatedtheBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.

8.InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called"ricebowl"culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.

9.Overtime,thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.

10.Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusicithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.

11.Heisashyman,heisnotafraidofanythingoranyone.

12.Thereisonlyonemoredaytogoyourfavoritemusicgroupplaylive.

13.Justasinglewordcanchangethemeaningofasentence,asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph.

二．专项语篇型填空(并列连词和状语从句)"Everythinghappensforthebest,"mymothersaid1Ifaceddisappointment."2youcancarryon,onedaysomethinggoodwillhappen."

Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Idecidedtotryforajobinaradiostation3workmywaytoasportsannouncer.IwenttoChicago,knockedonthedoorofeverystation,4gotturneddowneverytime.

Inonestudio,akindladyadvisedmetogotothecountrysideandfindasmallstation,5bigstationscouldn’triskhiringaninexperiencedperson.Ireturnedtomyhometown,6wasturneddownevenwhenIappliedforajobinasportsdepartmentofastore.Itwasn’tlong7Idecidedtotrymyluckagaininanothercity.InDavenport,Iowa,theprogramdirectorofacompanygotmebesideamicrophoneandaskedmetobroadcastanimaginarygame.

8Ibegantoworkinthecompany,I’vealwaysthoughtofmymother’swords:"Keepontrying,9somedayyouwillsucceed.Somethingwouldn’thappenwithoutpreviousfailure."10jobIlaterhavedone,Ialwaysthinkaboutwhatmymotheroncetaughtme,whichactsasmyguidelineinlife.

Morethantwothirdsoftheworld'spolarbearswillbewipedout(消灭)by2050,accordingtoashockingstudy.Bythen,scientistssay,globalwarmingwillhavemelted42percentoftheArcticseaice.By2100,onlyaveryfewofthesecreatureswillbeleft.ThereporthasbeenproducedbytheUSGeological(地质学的)Survey.ThescientistshavepublicizedtheirfindingsinthehopethatthegovernmentcouldputpolarbearsontheUsendangeredspecies(濒危物种)list.Polarbearsdependonfloatingseaiceasaplatformforhuntingseals,whicharetheirmainfood.Withoutenoughice,polarbearswouldbeforcedtogoontotheland,wheretheyarepoorlyskilledhunters,andwouldbeunlikelytoadapt(适应)tothelifeonlandintime.Expertssayfewlittlebearswouldsurviveandthestresscouldmakemanyfemalesunabletogetpregnant.TheteamofAmeri