湖北省武汉市青山区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）

青山区2023-2024学年度第二学期期末质量检测八年级英语试卷2024.6(请将答案写在答题卡上满分：120分时间：120分钟)第1卷(选择题共80分)第一部分听力部分一、听力测试部分(共三小节，满分25分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5个问题。每个问题后有三个答语，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每个问题后，你都有5秒钟的时间来作答和阅读下一小题，每个问题仅读一遍。1.A.Nile.B.It’sthelongest.C.Youcanswiminit.2.A.Veryuseful.B.Since2018.C.Iliketea.3.A.Bybike.B.Forsixyears.C.Jenny.4.A.Atayardsale.B.Myfavoritetoy.C.It’sexpensive.5.A.Withmyparents.B.Anicecountry.C.Lastyear.第二节(共7小题，每小题1分，满分7分)听下面7段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。6.WhatdoesJackthinkofthefilm?A.It’sexciting.B.It’stouching.C.It’sboring.7.Whendoesthegirlhavetocomebackhome?A.Athalfpastseven.B.Athalfpastnine.C.Atteno’clock.8.Howwillthewomangotothefactorymostprobably?A.Bybike.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.9.Whatisthegirlgoingtodo?A.Gotoaparty.B.Buyasilkdress.C.Wearanewdress.10.Whatwouldthemanprobablysaynext?A.Seeyouthen.B.That’sagoodidea.C.You’resonice.11.Whichgamearetheytalkingabout?AB.C.12.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shehasaheadache.B.Shedoesn’tknow,either.C.Shecanbuyahat.第三节(共13小题，每小题1分，满分13分)听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听对话，回答以下各小题。13.WhatkindofmovieisMulan?A.Acartoonmovie.B.Anactionmovie.C.Adetectivemovie.14.Whycan’tNancyseethemoviethisafternoon?A.Shehaspianolessons.B.Shehasmuchhomework.C.Shehastotakecareofherbrother.15.Whenwilltheygotothemovie?A.OnSaturdayafternoon.B.OnSundayafternoon.C.Thisafternoon.听对话，回答以下各小题。16.Wheredidtheboyfindthephoto?A.Onthetable.B.Inabook.C.InLiverpool.17.WhendidthemusiciansetupTheBeatles?A.In1940.B.In1956.C.In1960.18.Whatwasthemusicianlike?A.Greatandtalented.B.Cleverandoutgoing.C.Softandwarm-hearted.听对话，回答以下各小题。19.WhydidBrucecometoChina?A.Todobusiness.B.TovisitBeijing.C.TostudyChinesebetter.20.WhenwillTracyflytoBeijing?A.NextWednesday.B.NextThursday.C.NextFriday.21.WhatdoesTracyaskBrucetodo?A.Gowithhertothejobinterview.B.Introducesomeplacesofinterest.C.Giveheradviceonthejobinterview.22.WhatisDianagoingtodonextweek?A.Goabroadonbusiness.B.FlytoBeijingwithTracy.C.GotovisittheSummerPalace.听下面一段独白，回答23至25三个小题。23.Whocanbecomeamemberofthegroup?A.Kidsaged6to12B.Anyoneaged6to60.C.Adultsaged20to60.24.Whendokidsneedhelpinthehospital?A.Theirparentsareworking.B.Theirparentsareseeingadoctor.C.Theirparentsarecaringfortheold.25.WhatkindofvolunteerworkdoesSusanhelptodo?A.Lookaftertheanimals.B.Carefortheoldpeople.C.Takecareofthekids.第二部分笔试部分二、选择填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。1.—I’llhaveatriptoHainanwithmyfamily.—________.A.Haveagoodtime! B.Youaresolucky! C.Thesametoyou. D.Seeyouthere.【答案】A【解析】句意：——我将和我的家人去海南旅行。——祝你玩得愉快！考查情景交际。Haveagoodtime祝你玩得愉快；Youaresolucky你真幸运；Thesametoyou你也一样；Seeyouthere到时见。根据“I’llhaveatriptoHainanwithmyfamily.”可知，对方要去旅行，应表示祝愿，故选A。2.—Volunteeringisagoodwaytohelppeopleinneed.—________.Ialwayshelpchildrencrossthestreetonweekends.A.I’mtoobusy B.Youarewelcome C.Ithinkso D.Nothingimportant【答案】C【解析】句意：——志愿服务是帮助有需要的人的好方法。——我也这么认为。我周末总是帮助孩子们过马路。考查情景交际。I’mtoobusy我太忙了；Youarewelcome不客气；Ithinkso我也这么认为；Nothingimportant没什么重要的。根据“Ialwayshelpchildrencrossthestreetonweekends.”可知，是赞同对方的观点，因此“Ithinkso”符合语境。故选C。3.—CanIuseyourbicycle?I’minahurry.—________.Hereisthekey.A.Itdoesn’tmatter B.Thankyou C.I’msorry D.Feelfree【答案】D【解析】句意：——我可以用你的自行车吗？我赶时间。——请随意。这是钥匙。考查情景交际。Itdoesn’tmatter没关系；Thankyou谢谢你；I’msorry对不起；Feelfree随意。根据上一句中“CanIuseyourbicycle?I’minahurry”以及答语“Hereisthekey”可知，此处表达“随意”。故选D。4.—Oh,Mrs.Blacklooksmucholderthanbefore!—Yeah.Therearesome________aroundhereyeswhenshesmiles.A.scenes B.lines C.holes D.cuts【答案】B【解析】句意：——-哦，布莱克夫人看起来比以前老多了！——是的。她笑的时候眼睛周围有皱纹。考查名词辨析。scenes场景；lines线，皱纹；holes洞；cuts伤口，划口。由“MrsBlacklooksmucholderthanbefore”可知，她老了，笑起来有皱纹。故选B。5.—Hisvoicewasso________thatnobodypaidanyattentiontohim.—Hewastooshyandnervous.A.weak B.wild C.high D.strong【答案】A【解析】句意：——他的声音如此微弱，以至于没人注意到他。——他太害羞和紧张了。考查形容词辨析。weak虚弱的；wild野生的；high高的；strong强壮的。根据“Hewastooshyandnervous.”可知，因为他害羞紧张，所以声音很虚弱。故选A。6.—DoIneedtopreparegreenteaorblackteaforMike?—I’mafraidhe’dlike________ofthem.Whathelikesisonlycoffee.A.neither B.either C.every D.none【答案】A【解析】句意：——我需要为迈克准备绿茶还是红茶？——恐怕他两个都不喜欢。他喜欢的只是咖啡。考查代词辨析。neither都不（两者）；either两者选其一；every每一个；none都不（三者或三者以上）。根据“greenteaorblacktea”可知，所指的对象是两者，结合“Whathelikesisonlycoffee.”可知两个都不想要。故选A。7.—Sir,howlongcanI________thisbook?—You’llhavetoreturnittothelibraryinaweek.A.borrow B.keep C.take D.lend【答案】B【解析】句意：——先生，这本书我可以借多久？——你必须在一周内把书还给图书馆。考查动词用法。borrow借入；keep保存；take拿；lend借出。根据“howlong”可知，需要延续性动词，故选B。8.—DadIfailedinthespeechcontestthismorning.—Takeiteasy.Don’tletit________onyourmind.A.face B.drop C.open D.weigh【答案】D【解析】句意：——爸爸，我今天早上的演讲比赛失败了。——放轻松。你不要因此背思想包袱。考查动词词义辨析。face面对；drop放弃；open打开；weigh对……有影响。根据“Dad,Ifailedinthespeechcontestthismorning”可知，演讲比赛失败了。故答句应表示安慰，让对方放轻松，不要让这件事压在心头。故选D。9.—Alice,doyouneedanyhelp?—Yes.Helpme________thewastepaperfromthebox.Iwanttoputoldbooksinit.A.takedown B.cutup C.clearout D.checkout【答案】C【解析】句意：——艾丽斯，你需要帮忙吗？——是的。帮我把盒子里的废纸清理掉。我想把旧书放进去。考查动词短语辨析。takedown拆卸；cutup切碎；clearout清理；checkout检验，结账。根据“Helpme...thewastepaper”可知，指的是清理废纸。故选C。10.Thesaying“Marktheboattofindthefallensword(剑)later.”shows________.A.whydidhemarktheboat B.wherehelosthisswordC.howdidhefindhissword D.whatasillyideahehad【答案】D【解析】句意：成语：“刻舟求剑。”表明他的想法是多么愚蠢。考查宾语从句。从句语序需要陈述语序，排除A和C；结合常识，刻舟求剑表明主人公很愚蠢，故选D。三、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。Iquicklylookedatmywatch.Itwasalreadyhalfpasttwelve.Butwherewasthatcashier(收银员)?IwasworriedbecauseI____11____hadenoughtimetoeatasandwichandrushbacktowork.Ilookedaroundthenearlyempty____12____,butthecashierwasnowhereinsight.Awomanstoodwiping(擦)thefarendofthecounter.Shelookedatmecoldlywithsadanddarkeyes.I____13____,gettingangry.I’dbeenstandingthereforatleastthreeminutes!Itriedto____14____myangerasIrememberedmymom’swords:Whenyou____15____yourselfinanunpleasantsituation,justthinkaboutwhatismissing.Ifsomeoneisunkind,thenkindnessismissing.Ifsomeoneishateful,then____16____ismissing.Ifwewillbewhat’smissing,thenwe’llprovideanythingthatthesituationneeds.AndhereIwasinanunpleasantsituation.HowshouldI“bewhat’smissing”?Whatwasmissingwas____17____.MaybeIshouldjustjumpbehindthecounterandtakemyown____18____.Justthenthewomanwalkedslowlytowardsme.“MayIhelpyou?”sheasked,still____19____.Shelookedsotired.Itwasclearthatshewasoverworked.Itookadeepbreath.WithMom’swords____20____inmyhead,Igavethewomanmyorder...andsmiled.“Howareyoutoday?”Myquestionseemedto____21____her.Shestaredatmeforasecondbeforeanswering.“Nottoogood.”“I’m____22____”Isaid.“Ihopeitgetsbetterstartingrightnow.”Shealmostsmiledasshelookedatme.“Thanks.Ihopeyou’reright.”IthoughttomyselfasIatemysandwich.We’reallthesame,really.Wehaveproblemsandangers.Wegettiredandwehurt.Weneedtobe____23____toeachother.____24____eating,Iwipedthetablecleanerthanusualandputthetray(托盘)backnicelyonthestand.Thewomanwaswatchingme,abigsmileonherface.“Bewhat’smissing.”It____25____.11.A.sometimes B.hardly C.nearly D.often12.A.school B.street C.restaurant D.office13.A.waited B.finished C.agreed D.left14.A.collect B.challenge C.consider D.control15.A.find B.enjoy C.help D.hurt16.A.trust B.confidence C.patience D.love17.A.hope B.advice C.service D.money18.A.turn B.order C.bill D.place19.A.coldly B.carefully C.nervously D.kindly20.A.talking B.checking C.ringing D.paging21.A.encourage B.surprise C.trouble D.fear22.A.angry B.tired C.bad D.sorry23.A.closer B.cooler C.nicer D.fairer24A.After B.Before C.While D.Until25.A.said B.worked C.read D.ended【答案】11.B12.C13.A14.D15.A16.D17.C18.B19.A20.C21.B22.D23.C24.A25.B【解析】【导语】本文讲述了作者在餐厅因找不到收银员而感到焦急，但在想起母亲的教诲后，改变态度，对疲惫的店员展现出友善，两人都因此感到心情好转。【11题】句意：我很担心因为我几乎没有足够的时间吃三明治然后赶回工作岗位。sometimes有时；hardly几乎不；nearly将近；often经常。根据“Iwasworried”可知，是没有足够的时间吃三明治。故选B。【12题】句意：我环顾了一下几乎空无一人的餐厅，但收银员却不见了。school学校；street街道；restaurant餐厅；office办公室。根据“eatasandwich”可知，此事应该发生在餐厅。故选C。【13题】句意：我等着，开始生气了。waited等待；finished完成；agreed同意；left离开。根据“I’dbeenstandingthereforatleastthreeminutes!”可知，作者是等着。故选A。【14题】句意：我试着控制住自己的愤怒当我想起妈妈的话：当你发现自己处于不愉快的境地时，想想缺少了什么。collect收集；challenge挑战；consider考虑；control控制。根据“asIrememberedmymom’swords”可知，作者想起妈妈的话控制了自己的愤怒。故选D。【15题】句意：我试着控制住自己的愤怒当我想起妈妈的话：当你发现自己处于不愉快的境地时，想想缺少了什么。find发现；enjoy喜欢；help帮助；hurt伤害。根据“Whenyou...yourselfinanunpleasantsituation”可知，应表达当你发现自己处于不愉快的境地时。故选A。【16题】句意：如果一个人是可恨的，那么爱就是缺失的。trust信任；confidence自信；patience耐心；love爱。根据“Ifsomeoneisunkind,thenkindnessismissing.”可知，此处应表达一个人是可恨的那么爱就是缺失的。故选D。【17题】句意：缺少的是服务。hope希望；advice建议；service服务；money钱。根据“MaybeIshouldjustjumpbehindthecounterandtakemyownorder”可知，缺少的是服务。故选C。【18题】句意：也许我应该跳到柜台后面自己点菜。turn转动；order命令；bill账单；place地方。根据“Ishouldjustjumpbehindthecounter”可知，应表达自己点菜，takeorder“点单”，固定搭配。故选B。【19题】句意：她问道，仍然很冷淡。coldly冷淡地；carefully仔细地；nervously紧张地；kindly善良地。根据“Shelookedsotired.”可知，应表达态度很冷淡。故选A。【20题】句意：妈妈的话在我脑海中回响，我给了那个女人我的点单……然后笑了。talking谈论；checking仔细；ringing回响；paging呼叫。根据“WithMom’swords...inmyhead”可知，应表达妈妈的话在我脑海中回响。故选C。【21题】句意：我的问题似乎让她很惊讶。encourage鼓励；surprise吃惊；trouble麻烦；fear害怕。根据“Shestaredatmeforasecond”可知，作者的问题使她感到惊讶。故选B。【22题】句意：“我很抱歉”我说。angry生气的；tired累的；bad不好的；sorry抱歉。根据“‘Nottoogood.’”可知，听到对方不好应回答听到这个消息感到抱歉。故选D。【23题】句意：我们需要对彼此更好。closer更紧密；cooler更冷酷；nicer更好；fairer更公平。根据“ We’reallthesame,really.Wehaveproblemsandangers.Wegettiredandwehurt.”可知，应表达我们应该对彼此更好。故选C。【24题】句意：吃完后，我把桌子擦得比平时更干净把托盘很好地放回架子上。After在……之后；Before在……之前；While当；Until直到。根据“Iwipedthetablecleanerthanusualandputthetray(托盘)backnicelyonthestand.”可知，应是饭后把托盘很好地放回架子上。故选A。【25题】句意：它起作用了。said说；worked奏效；read读；ended结束。根据“Thewomanwaswatchingme,abigsmileonherface.”可知，是起作用了。故选B。四、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面三篇材料，从每篇材料后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳答案。ASmallbughasbigpowerThenexttimeyoufeelabugcrawl(爬行)acrossyourskin,don’tbescared.Itmightjustbeasmallrobotcrab(螃蟹)!EngineersfromNorthwesternUniversityinIllinois,US,havedevelopedthesmallestremote-controlledwalkingrobotintheshapeofasmallandlovelycrab.Justhalfamillimeterwide,thecrabcanbend,crawl,walk,turnandevenjump.Theteambelievesthattheirtechnologyisabigstepclosertobringingaboutrobotsthatcandoremote-controlledworkinsmallspaces.Forexample,thesmallrobotscanhelpdoctorsinsurgeries(手术),saidJohnA.Rogers,wholedtheteam.______________________Who’sridingthesecamels?Littlerobots!TheyarehavingaraceinAbuDhabi,UnitedArabEmirates.Camelracingispopularinthecountry.Butforhumanriders,itcanbedangerous.Robotsareheretohelp.Therobotsaresmallandlight.Theywon’taffect(影响)thecamels’speedduringtherace.Therobotsusewhipstomakethecamelsrunfaster.Peoplecontroltherobotsbyusingspeakers(扬声器)placedontherobots.NewspaperhiresrobotwritersWhatwouldyouthinkifthisstorywaswrittenbyarobot?Ofcourse,thisonewasnot.ButarecentstoryintheLosAngelesTimeswas.It’sanewspaperintheUS.ThestoryisaboutanearthquakeintheUSonMarch17.Thenewspaperwasusingasystemthatcanautomatically(自动地)“write”ashortstorywhenanearthquakehits.Ittookaboutthreeminutesforthe102-wordstorytoappearonline.26.Inwhichsectionofthenewspapercanwereadthenews?A.SCIENCE. B.ANIMALS. C.HEALTH. D.SPORTS.27TheteamofNorthwesternUniversityhasdevelopedtherobotsto________.A.dosurgeriesinhospitals B.helppeopleinthefactoriesC.studydifferentkindsofanimals D.doremote-controlledworkinsmallspaces28.Whatwouldbethebestheadingforthesecondpieceofnews?A.Peoplecontroltherobots. B.Popularcamelracing.C.Robotsbecomecamelriders. D.Safecamelracers.29.Fromthethirdnews,wecanknowthat________.A.arobotwrotethethirdnewsB.theLosAngelesTimesreportedtheearthquakeonMarch17C.peoplecontroltherobotriderstomakethecamelsrunfasterD.thetinyrobotsdevelopedbyJohnA.Rogershavebeenwidelyused30.Thenewsaboveprobablywantsthereadersto________.A.becomerobotwriters B.learntomakerobotsC.openuptheireyes D.predictthecomingearthquake【答案】26.A27.D28.C29.B30.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了机器人在现实生活中的应用。【26题】推理判断题。根据“Itmightjustbeasmallrobotcrab(螃蟹)!”、“Who’sridingthesecamels?Littlerobots!”、“Whatwouldyouthinkifthisstorywaswrittenbyarobot?”可知，全文介绍了不同用途的机器人，因此可以在报纸的“科学”部分找到此文。故选A。【27题】细节理解题。根据“Theteambelievesthattheirtechnologyisabigstepclosertobringingaboutrobotsthatcandoremote-controlledworkinsmallspaces.”可知，开发这种机器人是为了控制它在狭小的空间里工作。故选D。【28题】最佳标题题。根据“Who’sridingthesecamels?Littlerobots!”可知，是机器人骑在骆驼上，因此“机器人成为骆驼骑手”符合新闻小标题。故选C。【29题】细节理解题。根据“ButarecentstoryintheLosAngelesTimeswas.It’sanewspaperintheUS.ThestoryisaboutanearthquakeintheUSonMarch17.”可知，《洛杉矶时报》报道了3月17日的那场地震。故选B。【30题】推理判断题。本文主要向我们介绍了机器人在现实生活中的应用，目的是为了开阔读者的眼界。故选C。BActofkindnesshappenedatabreakfastshopinaneighbourhood.WuHaixiaandherhusbandCaiQingyunhaverunasmallbaozishopforfiveyearsinWuhan.Ataround3a.m.onNovember12,thecouplewerebusymakingbaoziwhentheyheardaloudcryneartheirshop.ThenWunoticedalittlegirlrunningonthestreet.Sherushedtofindoutwhatwasgoingon.Seeingthelittlegirlwithoutanyparentsoranyadultaroundher,shecarriedherintotheshopandwrappedherinathickcoat.ThenCaicalledthepoliceatonce.“Areyoulookingforyourmom?”Wuaskedthegirl.Withherteethshakingfromcold,thegirlnodded.“Shewantedhermom,butIdon’tknowwhoherparentswere.Myfirstthoughtwasthatachildstayingoutsidealonewasnotsafe,soIbroughtherinside,”saidWu.Afterthepoliceofficerscame,theybroughtthegirltothepolicestationandstartedtolookforherparents.Verysoon,theparentspickeduptheirdaughteratthepolicestationafterthepolicegotintouchwiththem.Ontheirwayhome,theparentscametothebaozishopandexpressedtheirthankstothecoupleinperson.Later,thecouplereceived5000yuanforhelpingthelostgirl.Withthemoney,theyoffered2500freehotbaozitothecleanerswhoworkedintheearlymorninginwinter.“Awarmbreakfasthelpstofightoffthecoldthewholeday,”Wusaid.“Seeingthehappysmileontheirfaces,wefeelhappytoo.”Lovecanpassonfromonepersontoanother.31.Whatwerethecoupledoingataround3a.m.onNovember12?A.Sellingbaoziatthebaozishop. B.Havingarestatthebaozishop.C.Preparingbreakfastforcleaners. D.Makingbaoziatthebaozishop.32.Theunderlinedwordwrappedinthefirstparagraphmeans________.A.tookin B.broughtdown C.putaround D.cleanedup33.Whichofthefollowingistherightorder?①Wuheardaloudcry.②Thegirl’sparentsthankedthecouple.③Wubroughtthegirlintothebaozishop.④Thepoliceofficersshowedupatthebaozishop.A.①③④② B.①④③② C.④③②① D.②①④③34.Whichwordscanbestdescribethecouple?A.Smartandresponsible. B.Helpfulandcaring.C.Honestandunderstanding. D.Patientandhardworking.35.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Thecouplespentthe5000yuanonthecleaners.B.Thegirlonlyworeacoatwhenthecouplefoundher.C.Thegirl’sparentspickedherupfromthebaozishop.D.Theparentsthankedthecouplebygivingthemsomebaozi.【答案】31.D32.C33.A34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了爱可以从一个人传递到另一个人的故事。【31题】细节理解题。根据“Ataround3a.m.onNovember12,thecouplewerebusymakingbaoziwhentheyheardaloudcryneartheirshop.”可知，这对夫妇在做包子。故选D。【32题】词句猜测题。根据“Seeingthelittlegirlwithoutanyparentsoranyadultaroundher,shecarriedherintotheshopandwrappedherinathickcoat.”可知，是用一件厚外套把小女孩包起来，wrapped与putaround同义。故选C。【33题】细节理解题。根据“Ataround3a.m.onNovember12,thecouplewerebusymakingbaoziwhentheyheardaloudcryneartheirshop.”、“Seeingthelittlegirlwithoutanyparentsoranyadultaroundher,shecarriedherintotheshopandwrappedherinathickcoat.ThenCaicalledthepoliceatonce.”和“Afterthepoliceofficerscame,theybroughtthegirltothepolicestationandstartedtolookforherparents.Verysoon,theparentspickeduptheirdaughteratthepolicestationafterthepolicegotintouchwiththem.Ontheirwayhome,theparentscametothebaozishopandexpressedtheirthankstothecoupleinperson.”可知，正确的顺序是：①吴听到一声大叫；③吴把女孩带进了包子店；④警察出现在包子店；②女孩的父母感谢了这对夫妇。故选A。【34题】推理判断题。根据“ThenWunoticedalittlegirlrunningonthestreet.Sherushedtofindoutwhatwasgoingon.Seeingthelittlegirlwithoutanyparentsoranyadultaroundher,shecarriedherintotheshopandwrappedherinathickcoat.ThenCaicalledthepoliceatonce.”和“Later,thecouplereceived5000yuanforhelpingthelostgirl.Withthemoney,theyoffered2500freehotbaozitothecleanerswhoworkedintheearlymorninginwinter.”可推知，这对夫妇乐于助人和关心他人。故选B。【35题】细节理解题。根据“Later,thecouplereceived5000yuanforhelpingthelostgirl.Withthemoney,theyoffered2500freehotbaozitothecleanerswhoworkedintheearlymorninginwinter.”可知，这对夫妇把5000块钱花在了清洁工身上。故选A。C“Welcometoournew“classroom’!“saidChenDongoneofthethreeastronautsoftheShenzhouXIVmission.Theyweregivingascienceclass400kilometersaboveEarthonOct12.ItwasthethirdspaceclassfromtheTiangongspacestation,butthefirstonefromtheWentianlabmodule(实验舱)sinceitslaunchinJuly.ThetwoclassesbeforewereheldintheTianhecoremodule(核心舱).★Chen,togetherwithLiuYangandCaiXuzhe,showedusaround.“ThebedsintheTianhemoduleareplacedhorizontally(横着),whileourbedsarekeptupright,“saidLiu.ThatmeansastronautsintheWentianlabmoduleneedtosleepstandingup!ButasLiuexplained,peopledon’tfeelanydifferencebecausethere’snogravity(重力)inspace.Astronautscanevensleepontheceiling(天花板)!Theastronautsalsoshowedtheir“spacefarm”,wherelettuce,wheat(小麦),thalecress(拟南芥)andricearegrown.“Takeapicture!”“Sendthepicture!”Throughavoice-controlledcamera,ChenalreadysentapictureofthethalecresstoscientistsonEarth.Scientistswillstudyhowtheenvironmentofspaceaffectsthegrowthofplants.“Wehopeinthenearfuture,wecanharvest(收获)thefoodgrownonourown,”saidChen.“Maybeoneday,wecanharvestfoodontheotherplanetslikemoonorevenMars!”36.Wherewasthethirdspaceclassheld?A.IntheWentianlabmodule. B.OnEarth.C.IntheTianhecoremodule. D.OnMars.37.Whichofthefollowingcanyouputintothe★?A.Howdotheastronautssleeponthebeds?B.Whatdoesthenew“classroom”looklike?C.Wheredotheastronautssleepinthespace?D.Whatdotheastronautsdointhenew“classroom”?38.HowdidAstronautLiusleepinthemodule?A. B.C. D.39.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Astronautscansleepeasilyinthespacemodule.B.Peoplemaytrytogrowfoodonotherplanetsinthefuture.C.Astronautscangrowmanyplantsonthe“spacefarm.D.ChensentpicturesofthalecresstochildrenonEarth.40.Whichmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheLifeofThreeAstronauts B.TheFutureofSpaceScienceC.ASpaceClassinShenzhouXIV D.AJourneyintotheSpace【答案】36.A37.B38.D39.B40.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了三名宇航员在太空进行科学课，展示了他们的新“教室”——问天实验舱。【36题】细节理解题。根据“ItwasthethirdspaceclassfromtheTiangongspacestation,butthefirstonefromtheWentianlabmodule(实验舱)sinceitslaunchinJuly.”可知，第三次太空课堂的举行地点是问天实验舱。故选A。【37题】词句猜测题。根据“Chen,togetherwithLiuYangandCaiXuzhe,showedusaround.”可知，参观了核心舱，因此此处引出下文，“新”教室看起来如何”符合句意，故选B。【38题】细节理解题。根据“ThatmeansastronautsintheWentianlabmoduleneedtosleepstandingup!”可知，航天员在问天实验舱需要站着睡觉，选项D图片符合描述。故选D。【39题】推理判断题。根据“Maybeoneday,wecanharvestfoodontheotherplanetslikemoonorevenMars!”可知，或许有一天，科学家们将尝试在月球或火星等其他星球上种植植物。故选B。【40题】最佳标题题。根据通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了三名宇航员在神舟十四号进行科学课。故选C。第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共40分)五、词与短语填空(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，用方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使短文在结构、语意和逻辑上正确。(提示：方框中有两个单词或短语是多余的。)understanding/brokeinto/huge/argues/fellinto/protects/regardAtsunami(海啸)isa___41___oceanwave(浪).ThebiggesttsunamieverhitlandonJuly9,1958.Ithappenedwhenanearthquakeshooktheunderseafloor.Formanyyears,scientistswantedtofindoutthereasonsoftsunamiin1958.Somescientistssaidlotsofrocks___42___thesea,butitwasnotenoughtocausesuchawave.Theythoughtthattheearthquakeitselfcausedthewave.However,asour___43___ofearthquakesandtsunamisimproved,mostscientistsnow___44___thelandslide(滑坡)asthetruereasonforthewave.Butnoone___45___thatthewavewasthelargestintheworldandtherecordwillkeepalongtimeinthefuture.【答案】41.huge42.fellinto43.understanding44.regard45.argues【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了世界上最大的浪——海啸的相关知识。【41题】句意：海啸是一种巨大的海浪。由“Atsunami(海啸)isa…oceanwave”可知备选词汇“huge巨大的”符合语境，形容词作定语修饰名词wave。故填huge。【42题】句意：一些科学家说，大量的岩石落入大海，但这不足以引起这样的波浪。由“Somescientistssaidlotsofrocks…thesea”和备选词汇可知“fallinto掉入”符合语境，句子为一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故填fellinto。【43题】句意：然而，随着我们对地震和海啸的理解的提高，大多数科学家现在认为滑坡是波浪的真正原因。由“asour…ofearthquakesandtsunamisimproved”和备选词汇可知“understanding理解”符合语境，此处指随着我们对地震和海啸了解的加深。故填understanding。【44题】句意：然而，随着我们对地震和海啸的理解的提高，大多数科学家现在认为滑坡是波浪的真正原因。由“mostscientistsnow…thelandslide(滑坡)asthetruereasonforthewave”可知备选词汇“regard认为”符合语境，叙述事实，句子用一般现在时，mostscientists作主语，动词用原形。故填regard。【45题】句意：但没有人争论这是否是世界上最大的海浪，而且这个记录将在未来保持很长一段时间。由“Butnoone…thatthewavewasthelargestintheworldandtherecordwillkeepalongtimeinthefuture”和备选词汇可知“argue争论”符合语境，叙述事实，句子用一般现在时，noone作主语，动词用第三人称单数形式。故填argues。六、综合填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。TheDuanwuFestivalinChinaisalsocalledtheDragonBoatFestival.Itis___46___traditionalholidaywithahistoryofmorethan2000years.Itisonthe___47___(five)dayoflunar(农历的)Mayeveryyear.Therearemanystoriesabouttheorigin(起源)ofthisfestival.Amongthem,thefollowingoneaboutQuYuanisthemostwidelyaccepted.QuYuanwasagreatpoetandgoodofficial.Helovedhiscountry___48___(deep).He___49___(jump)intotheMiluoRiverafterhiscountrywasbeaten.Peoplethrewakindoffoodnamedzongzi___50___therivertofeedthefishinorderthattheywouldn’teatQu’sbody.NowontheDragonBoatFestival,Chinesepeopleenjoytheholiday___51___(remember)QuYuan.Peoplehavedifferentactivitiessuchas___52___(eat)zongzi,havingdragonboatracesandsoon.Thedragonboatracesarethemost___53___(excite)partofthefestival.Alltheteamspractice___54___hardthattheywanttobecomethewinners.ManyWestern____55____(country),likeSweden,CanadaandtheUSA,holddragonboatraceseveryyear.TheDuanwuFestivalisbecomingmoreandmorepopulararoundtheworld.【答案】46.a47.fifth48.deeply49.jumped50.into51.toremember52.eating53.exciting54.so55.countries【解析】【导语】本文介绍了端午节的由来及传统习俗。【46题】句意：这是一个有着2000多年历史的传统节日。根据“Itis…traditionalholiday”可知，此处缺修饰词，泛指“一个”传统节日，且traditional发音是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。【47题】句意：它是在每年的农历五月初五。five“五”，基数词，又根据语境可知，此处指“农历五月初五”，应用其序数词形式表示日期。故填fifth。【48题】句意：他深深地爱着他的国家。deep“深的”，形容词，又结合语境可知，此处指他“深深地”爱着他的国家，应用其副词形式deeply修饰动词loved。故填deeply。【49题】句意：他的国家被打败后，他跳进汨罗江。结合语境可知，此处缺动词作谓语，且此处描述的过去发生的事，应用提示词“