高考英语故事类阅读理解技巧点拨

高考英语故事类阅读理解技巧点拨故事类阅读理解在历年高考中都是必考体裁之一，属于记叙文。这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生、发展及结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。故事一般取材于真实的生活事件、通过故事来抒发某种情感。主题•般与家庭、友谊、励忐等等有美，贴近生活、弘扬正能量。叙事手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序来展开。一\命题特点细节理解该题型主要考查快速定位信息的能力，在故事类阅读理解中占半壁江山。该题型设置灵活、考查面广。一般来说，该题型会根据文章的具体信息如:时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、过程等进行命题。部分答案可以直接从文章的字里行间找到答案，有l些则需要时选项进行筛选、对比、排除才能获得最终答案。其难点在于如何在有限的时间内做到定位准确，同时还需对内容理解到位。推理判断该题型属于逻辑判断题，需要根据文章的字面意思进行透彻理解，挖掘深层次的含义，对事件的矛盾、发展趋势或人物的性格及心理活动作出判断。大部分情况下，该题型需要分析事情发展的逻辑关系，如:因果关系、对立关系等;分析人物的目的、动机、语气等:根据故事发展预想故事结局;猜测作者对于某一观点的倾向性、态度等。该题型的难点在于考生容易脱离原文进行过多的主观臆想，导致判断偏差。主旨归纳该题型也是故事类阅读中最常考的题型之•，一般来说会出现在最后一题，考查归纳和概括能力。它要求考生在把握文章脉络及情节发展的基础上，结合现有的语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等对文章的主旨进行总结。其难点在于有的文章各段落主旨不一，容易混淆文章主次，分不清重要主旨。二、阅读策略和解题技巧读略泛读:了解文章主题、每段的段落大意，对故事的发展和走向有大概的了解。跳读:有取有舍，抓关键信息，省略次要信息，捕捉本质信息，提高阅读效率。精读:逐字逐句，剖析文章内核，深刻理解故事内涵，实现精神层面的升华。解题技巧.逆向思维，先读题再看文章.故事类文章大多是有情节的记叙文，读题时不仅能对文章大意有一个大致了解，同时如果带着问题浏览文章，能更容易关注到有效信息、准确定位，提高做题效率。这种方法不仅可以让考生从总体上把握文章，也节省了阅读时间。.抓三大要索一人物、冲突、问题解决。故事类文章的作者通常会试图传达某些道理、感悟或者教训，而这些往往会通过主要人物在面对冲突、解决困难或问题时的表现体现出来。因此，在阅读故事类文章时，需要重点关注主要人物的描写，如:人物的语言、动作等描写:人物所面临的冲突以及如何解决冲突等。结尾是总结要点、回扣主题的部分，文章中冲突的解决、作者的感悟一般都位于文章结尾处。因此，通过文章末段基本可以确定故事的主题以及作者的写作目的。A难度:★★★ 话题:培养良好习惯时间:6分钟文章词数:313 正确率:74Studiesestimatethatwepickupoursmartphonesbetween58and96timesaday.Ifmyphoneisbymyside,thenI'mconstantlycheckingit.Lastyear.Idecidedtomakeachange:IsignedupforthePhoneBreakupChallenge.Thegoalisn'ttogetridofyourphone,buttodevelopamoreintentionalwayofusingit.Thefirstfewdayswereeasyenough.Beforeunlockingmyphone,Imustanswerthreequestionsfirst-"Whatfor?Whynow?Whatelse?".1keptthequestionsonmylockscreen.OnDay7,Ihadlunchwithoutmyphoneforcompany.Itwaspleasant.Irealizedthat,byalwayshavingmyphoneonhand,Iwaspreventingmyselffromsittingstillwithmythoughts.Oneofthebiggestlessonsofthechallengewasthatwillpowerwasn'tenough,huthavingmultiplebarrierstomakeitlessappealingandaccessibledidhelp.Day20wasthelong-awaited24-hourno-phoneperiod.Itwasmucheasiertonotcheckmyphonewhenitwastotallyoffinsteadofinanotherroom.Inoticedthatafeelingofcalmhadspreadwithinme.It'struethatphonesarefunandfilledwithmyfavoritepeople.There'snothingwrongwithmindlessdistraction.Theproblemiswhenthatbecomesahabit.NotconstantlycheckingmyphonehelpedreducethatannoyinghabitoftextingandtalkingatthesametimeorpullingoutmyphonewhenbeingwithsomeoneIlovehangingoutwith.Now,IampleasedtoseeIreallydousemyphoneless.WhenIgethome,Ileavemyphoneinmybagbythedoorinsteadofbringingitfromroomtoroom.InowalsoenjoyactivitiesthatIusedtorunoutoftimefor.likegoingforneighborhoodwalksortryingnewrecipes.1.WhydidtheauthortakepartinthePhoneBreakupChallenge?A.Toleadalifewithoutusingaphone.Toimproveherphone-usinghabit.Todoresearchabouttheuseofphones.Todistractherselffromsocialmedia.Whatcanweleamabouttheauthor'sfirstfewdaysof(hechallenge?Shehadahardtimeignoringherphone.Sheturnedherphoneofftoavoidusingit.Shelockedherphonewithanewpassword.D.Sheenjoyedkeepingherphoneaway.Whatisabetterwaytodetachfromourphone,accordingtotheauthor?A.Makeithardtoaccessit.B.Findfunfromotheractivities.C.Askothersforsupervision.D.Buildstrongself-discipline.Whatmessagedoestheauthorconveyinthetext?Mindlessdistractionisapartofourlives.Reducingscreentimeisnotsodifficult.Spendinglesstimeonourphoneisbeneficial.D.Technologymakesithardtorustoconcentrate.难度:★★★话题:保护自然环境时间:6分钟文章词数:330 正确率:/4LifefindsmeontheIsleofIslay.QueenoftheHebrides.Iamthewarden（管理员）ofTheOaReserve,a2,100-hectarenaturereserveandworkingfarmownedbytheRoyalSocietyibrtheProtectionofBirds.ItwasalwaysadreamofminetoliveinScotland.Thefriendlynatureoftheislandcommunities,thelandscape,beautifulcoastlinesand-aboveall-thewildlife.Theamazingwildlife.So,hereIam:livingandworkingonthewestcoastofScotlandinadreamjob.But,thingsweren'talwaysthisway.Myschoollifeneverreallyamountedtomuch.1didn'tgoontohighereducationandmyearlyworkinglifewassloppy（马虎的），atbest.MuchofthiswasduetomydisinterestintheworkIwasdoing.Iworkedinfactories,shops,warehousesandevenacastle.Iwasalwaysunsettledanduninspired.Ineverknewhowtochannelmyinterestandpassionfornatureintoapayingjob.Wildlifeandnaturehadbeenpartofmylifesincemyyouth.Iremembermychildhoodwithgreatfondness:Iwouldreadbirdbooks,doodlefactfilesforeachspeciesandgetlostinthenaturalworld.In2014,theopportunityIsodesperatelyneededfinallyappeared-apaidtraineeshipwithDurhamWildlifeTrust.Iwasgivenallthebasicskillsandtrainingforhabitatcontrol,wildlifesurveysandgroundmanagementworks.InOctober2015,IbecamethereservewardenfortheWildfowl&WetlandsTrust(WWT),whereIstayedforjustunderhalfadecade.Ashappyas1was,newopportunitiesdaredmetodreamevenbigger.Thetimehadcometotakemynextstep,tocontinuelogrowwithinmycareer.So,thisiswhereIamnow:livinginthemiddleofanaturereserve,withgoldeneagles,reddeerandhenharriersasneighbors.IfeelasifI'mtheluckiestmanalive.WhatdoestheauthorlikethemostaboutScotland?A.Itsbeautifulshorelines.B.Itsfriendlycommunities.C.Itswildspecies.D.Itsuniquescenery.Whydidtheauthorfeelunsettledinhisearlyworkinglife?A.Hewasnotwell-paid.B.Hechangedjobstoooften.C.Hefeltinferiortoothers.D.Hefoundhisjobstobeboring.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor'schildhood?Hewasfascinatedbynature.HedreamedoflivinginScotland.Hewasforcedtoleaveschoolearly.Heknewalotaboutbiology.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofhisworkattheWwt?A.Challenging.B.Rewarding.C.Flexible.D.Exhausting.C难度:★★★ 话题:兴趣爱好 时间:6分钟文章词数:327 正确率:/4WhenIwasakid.Icouldn'tresistclimbingtrees.Asycamoregrewinfrontofmyhome.Attheageof10,Iwasjusttallenoughtoreachitslowestbranch.Standingonthatfirstbranch.Iwasabletoreachtheothersandclimbmywayuplikeamonkey,upintothehigherbranchesuntilIfoundmyselftakinginmywholeneighborhoodfromonhigh.Climbingtreesallowedmetoenteranotherworld.Myfriendsand1tookourimaginationswithustonewheights,enteringafortress（城堡），apirateshiporaspaceship.Onesummer,wespentsomuchtimeinthesycamorethatmydadcreatedarope-and-pulley（绳索和滑轮）systemwithanattachedbasket,somymomcouldsendhamsandwichestous.Withthesememoriesinmind,1stillhaveonequestion:Dokidsstillclimbtrees?InmysmallMainetown,therearesomelovelymaplesandoaks,andtheirbranchesspreadwideandopenforexploration.But1havenotyetseenataker.Perhapscomputergameshavesubstitutedfortree-climbing,ormaybetheactivitycametobeviewedastoorisky.Itisasadloss.ThecampusoftheuntversiiywhereIteachnowislovinglylandscapedwithallsortsoftrees,withsomebeingincrediblyold.Duringarecentwalk,1foundmyselfduckingunderthelimbofaspruce（云杉）.Iusedmyfeettoscrabblemywayupthetrunk-noneof山isaseasyasitoncewas-andamomentlaterIwasupinthetree.Thenthememoriescamefloodingback.IwassolostinmythoughtsthatIdidn'thearthestudentcallingtomefrombelow.HeaskedwhatIwasdoing.uComeonup,"1said.**Theair'sfine."Butheonlylaughed,wavedmeoffandcontinuedonhisway.Hedidn'tknowwhathewasmissing.Whydidtheauthorenjoyclimbingtreeswhenhewasachild?Itfueledhisimagination.Itallowedhimtoseeafortress.C.Itlethimswingontreebranches.D.Itenabledhimtooverlookthecity.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthemostlikelyreasonthatkidshavestoppedclimbingtrees?Theconcernaboutdamagingtrees.Thedifficultyoffindingsuitabletrees.Thepopularityofcomputergames.Thedesireformorechallengingactivities.Whathappenedwhentheauthorclimbedupaspruceoncampus?Hewascriticizedbyhisstudents.Herealizedhispassionlorclimbingtreeswasgone.Hefoundhimselflessflexiblethanhehadbeen.Heieltsadwhenrecallingpastexperiences.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?Todescribethebenefitsofclimbingtrees.Topersuadechildrentoclimbtrees.Toshareajoyfulchildhoodmemory.D.Topresentthefunofclimbingtrees.难度:★★★ 话题:疾病与健康 时间:6分钟文章词数:322 正确率:/4Iamsomeonewhoisoutgoing,chattyandfriendly.Icanappreciatethatatfirstglance1donotappeartobeanydifferentfromanyoneelse.Eventhough1presentmyselfasneurotypical（神经正常的），thatisentirelydowntomasking.Theonlyreason1don't"looklike"thetraitsassociatedwithautism（自闭茹：）isbecauseIamoftenusingeveryfiberofmybeingtoforcemyselftoappear“normal”.Notallautisticpeopledothis,butIdo.Ismilewhenever1wanttobangmyheadagainstthewallandscream.Isay,"Oh.that'sfine!"whenarestaurantdoesn'thavewhatIwant,andthelossmakesmefeellikemyskinisonfire.Iforcemyselftomakeeyecontact,laughandfocusonconversations.ButsometimesIcan'tmaintainit.Sometimes,overwhelmedbyunexpectedimpulses（冲动），mymaskslips.HowsomebodyrespondstomeinthosemomentstellsmeeverythingIneedtoknowabouttheirviewofautisticpeople.Iassumethatthereisalackofunderstanding.Whenpeoplebecomeannoyedthat1cancelplans,orwhenIfreakout（极度不安）whenIexperienceneworstrangesounds,tastesandtextures,theyundoubtedlylackempathy.Inthesemoments,Icanseeanyacceptanceofautisticpeoplefromthesekindsofpeopleisforshow.Itiseasytosaythatyousupportautisticpeople;butifyouareonlysupportivewhenthatpersonpresentsasneurotypical,thenthatisn'trealsupport.So,tellingmethatI“don'tlookautistic”ismoredenialthanitiscomplimentary.Someoneshouldn'thaveto“lookautistic“foryoutobelievetheyareautistic,norshouldanyonereceivemoresupportjustbecausetheypassasneurotypical.Weareallcupcakes,whetherwelooklikeitornot,andareallequallydeservingofempathyandsupport.Whydoesn'ttheauthorappearautistic?A.Hefeelscomfortablewithhimself.B.Hehasgoodpeopleskills.C.Hetriestobehavenormally.D.Heisrecoveringfromautism.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutthewayautisticpeoplearetreated?Theyaregivenalotofsupport.Theydeserverealcareandconcern.C.Theyaretaughttocontroltheirimpulses.D.Theyaresupportedlikenormalpeople.Howdoestheauthorfeelwhenbeingtoldhedoesn'tlookautistic?A.Delighted.B.Surprised.C.Encouraged.D.Offended.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext?Tocallformoreunderstandingofautisticpeople.Toshowhisempathyforallthosewithautism.Tosharehisexperienceassomeonewithautism.Toremovemisunderstandingsaboutautisticpeople.难度:★★★★ 话题:旅行 时间:7分钟文章词数:351 正确率"4CampingisariteofpassageifyougrowupinCanada.it,sachild'sfirsttasteofwhatlivinginthewildreallymeans.Butgrowingupasanimmigrant（移民）fromIndia,Ithoughtitwasstrange.Isimplydidn'tunderstandwhysomanypeoplelovednaturewhenthecomfortofyourhomestillexisted.ThenIturned26andstartedtryingnewthings.IhadbeenexperiencingmentalhealthissuesforquitesometimeandIdiscoveredbeingoutinnaturehelpedmecalmdown.So.Idecidedtotrycamping.ThenightbeforethetripIwasquiteexcited.ThenIoverheardaconversationbetweenmyfatherandmother.4,Whydoesshehavetodothis?Doesn'tsheknowshecanjuststayathome?”myfatherasked.“ThisiswhatCanadiankidsdo,it'sokay,she'llbefine!"mymomexplained.Myparentshadnofaithinmesurvivingonenightinthewild.MyfriendsandIsetupourcampsiteinthewoods.Asthedaywenton.weate.playedbythewaterandmetourcampingneighbors.Timefeltlikeitsloweddown;lifefeltgentlerandeasier.Suddenly,1realized:Iwasdoingit!Iwascamping!Asthedayturnedintonight,thestarscameoutandIwasamazedbyallthetwinklinglightsaboveme.Iwon'tlie.Ihadtheworstsleepofmylife.MomingcameandIwasupandreadytomakebreakfast,coffeeandtea.Ididn'tevenrealize1wassadtoleaveuntilwestartedpackingeverythingup.Iwasn'tjustleaving,havingaccomplishedsomething1neverthoughtIwoulddo.Iwasleavingwitharealsenseofcommunity,arealsenseofappreciationforwhatthegreatoutdoorshadtooffer,andacompletelydifferentoutlookonanactivitythatIhadthoughtstrangeforsomanyyears.ItmademerealizethebeautyofCanadawasn'tinthethingswedid,butinthecommunitywebuilt.Whatwastheauthor'sattitudetowardcampingasachild?A.Shewaspassionate.B.Sheconsidereditbeneficial.C.Shefeltnegative.D.Shewasfrightened.Whatpushedtheauthortotrycamping?Hercuriosityaboutthewiki.Herfriends'invitation.Herdesiretorestorehermentalhealth.Herparents'doubtsabouthersurvivalskills.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthecampingtrip?Itdeepenedherloveofcamping.Ithelpedherfindasenseofbelonging.Itwaspeacefulsleepingoutdoors.Itgaveherthecouragetoovercomechallenges.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.AnewlifeinCanada.B.Theimportanceofcommunity.C.Abeginner'sguidetocamping.D.Ameaningfulcampingexperience.故事类阅读理解答案I.Bo由第一段“Thegoalisn'ttogetridofyourphone,buttodevelopamoreintentionalwayofusingit.”可知,作者参加''不玩手机挑战”的目的不是摆脱手机，而是养成一种更有意识的使用习惯，故答案为B。.D,由第二段“Thefirstfewdayswereeasyenough.”以及“Itwaspleasant."可知，在挑战刚开始的几天，作者感到轻松甚至是愉悦，享受远离手机的生活，故答案为D。.A,由第三段“Oneofthebiggestlessonsofthechallengewasthatwillpowerwasn'tenough,buthavingmultiplebarrierstomakeitlessappealingandaccessibledidhelp."可知，要戒掠手机依赖，光靠意志力是不够的，但设置多重障碍使它变得不那么有吸引力、不那么触手可及是有用的，故选A。4C。山最后一段可知，作酉很高兴自己现在手机用得更少了，行了更多时间享受生活，结合作者参加“不玩手机挑战”的H的和对习惯性看手机影响社交生活的描述，可推知作者认为少玩手机对人是有益的，故答案为C。.Co由第二段“Thefriendlynatureoftheislandcommunities,thelandscape,beautifulcoastlinesand-