作文升级：外刊文章分析对比（8）讲义- 高三上学期英语作文复习专项

在当今中国的大多数年轻人看来，宇宙的尽头不是银河系，而是一份公务员职位。在中国传统的看手相(palm-reading)算命中，他们只关心事业线，只想知道将来会不会有一份公务员职位。你写的AccordingtomostyoungpeopleinChinatoday,theendoftheuniverseisnottheMilkyWay,butacivilservicejob.Inatraditionalwayoffortune-tellingcalledpalm-reading,youngpeopleonlycareaboutthecareerlineandwanttoknowthatwilltherebeagovernmentjobintheirfuture.外刊的Whatliesatthefarreachesoftheuniverse,accordingtomostyoungpeopleinChinatoday,isnottheMilkyWay,butagovernmentjob.InChinesepalm-reading,atraditionalwayoffortune-telling,theycareonlyaboutthecareerlineandalltheywanttoknowis:willtherebeagovernmentjobintheirfuture.句型部分1.在当今中国的大多数年轻人看来，宇宙的尽头不是银河系，而是一份公务员职位。AccordingtomostyoungpeopleinChinatoday,theendoftheuniverseisnottheMilkyWay,butacivilservicejob.→Whatliesatthefarreachesoftheuniverse,accordingtomostyoungpeopleinChinatoday,isnottheMilkyWay,butagovernmentjob.2.他们只关心事业线，只想知道……theyonlycareaboutthecareerlineandwanttoknowwhether...→theycareonlyaboutthecareerlineandalltheywanttoknowis.....名词性从句之主语从句这两句中，外刊作者均使用了主语从句。主语从句是名词性从句的一种。由于名词常作主语，宾语等，所以最常见的名词性从句便是主语从句和宾语从句。主语从句的类型1.That引导的主语从句,例:Thathedidn'tshowupontimeisstrange.但为了避免头重脚轻，这类主语从句通常会写成It形式主语引导的句式：→It'sstrangethathedidn'tshowupontime.2.一般疑问词引导的主语从句，例：Whetherthestockwillimprove(ornot)doesn'tbotherme.(至于股价是否会上涨，我并不关心。)3.特殊疑问词引导的主语从句，例：Whatyoulovetoeatdoesn'tbotherme.(你爱吃什么我不在意。)Whattodoisstillbeingdiscussed.(需要做些什么还在讨论中。)这类结构可以把what看成普遍名词，等同于“东西”或“事情”，它后面的部分是它的后置定语。whatyoulovetoeat即“你喜欢吃的东西”;whattodo是“需要做的事”。主语从句的作用1.结构显眼。对比：Wecandonothingbutwait.Allwecandoistowait.Allwecandoistowait所以外刊作者使用Alltheywanttoknowis……代替Theywanttoknow......2.疑向词有加强语气的作用，对比：Youmaylovetoeatvariouskindsofthings,butIdon'tcare.→Whatyoulovetoeatdoesn'tbotherme.2.在当今中国的大多数年轻人看来，宇宙的尽头不是银河系，而是一份公务员职位。AccordingtomostyoungpeopleinChinatoday,theendoftheuniverseisnottheMilkyWay,butacivilservicejob.→Whatliesatthefarreachesoftheuniverse,accordingtomostyoungpeopleinChinatoday,isnottheMilkyWay,butagovernmentjob.在中国传统的看手相算命中，他们只……InaChinesetraditionalwayoffortune-tellingcalledpalm-reading,theyonly……→Inpalm-reading,aChinesetraditionalwayoffortune-telling,theyonly……这两句，外刊作者都利用了句首焦点的有利位置，把引起读者兴趣的信息：.Whatliesatthefarreachesoftheuniverse·palm-reading提到最前方,再把状语accordingto…和名词词组aChinesetraditionalway作为插入语隐藏在句子中间。3.他们只关心事业线，只想知道将来会不会有一份公务员职位。Theyonlycareaboutthecareerlineandwanttoknowwhethertherewillbeacivilservicejobintheirfuture.→Theycareonlyaboutthecareerlineandalltheywanttoknowis:willtherebeagovernmentjobintheirfuture.冒号的作用英语中的冒号用来分隔两个独立成分(独立句子或者独立词组)。第二个成分通常用来延伸第一个成分，用分号隔开可以使第二个成分更显眼。冒号的使用准则1.冒号后面的分句不用大写，例如外刊原文中：alltheywanttoknowis:willthere...2.理论上来说，冒号前后都必须是完整的句子或者词组,例如:×Oneessentialstepforwritinganessayis:proofreading.✔Oneessentialstepforwritinganessayisobvious:proofreading.但现在越来越多作者也会使用第一句的写法(例如外刊原文)，冒号仅仅起到一个分隔和突出后半句的作用。措辞部分1.在当今中国的大多数年轻人看来，宇宙的尽头不是银河系，而是一份公务员职位。AccordingtomostyoungpeopleinChinesetoday,theendoftheuniverseisnottheMilkyWay,butacivilservicejob.→Whatliesatthefarreachesoftheuniverse,accordingtomostyoungpeopleinChinatoday,isnottheMilkyWay,butagovernmentjob.宇宙的尽头theendoftheuniverse→thefarreachesoftheuniversereachesreach本身是动词，作名词时也会含有动词的含义。因此farreaches比theend更能体现一种“够不着边际”的无限延伸感。公务员职位acivilservicejob→agovernmentjobacivilservicejob因为含“service”,侧重强调责任。agovernmentjob因含“government”,侧重强调社会地位和好处(稳定)。这里想表达的是年轻人追求稳定工作，所以用后者更精准。词汇MilkWay银河acivilservicejob公务员职位agovernmentjob公务员职位reachesn.延伸fortune-tellingn.算命palm-readingn.看手相复习在当今中国的大多数年轻人看来，宇宙的尽头不是银河系，而是一份公务员职位。在中国传统的看手相算命中，他们只关心事业线，只想知道将来会不会有一份公务员职位。Whatliesatthefarreachesoftheuniverse,accordingtomostyoungpeopleinChinatoday,isnottheMilkyWay,butagovernmentjob.Inpalm-reading,aChinesetraditionalwayoffo