浙江省台州市2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题（解析版）

第1页/共1页台州市2023学年第二学期高二年级期末质量评估试题英语满分150分考试时间120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将答题卡交回。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhydoesLukelearncalligraphy?A.Toshowhisworksatexhibitions.B.Togivehispiecestohisparentsasagift.C.Toteachhisparentsthisancientartform.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Keeppracticingyourcalligraphytechnique,Luke.Then,somedayyoumightbeabletoseeyourpieces.M:That’skindofyou,Ms.Su.ButI’monlystudyingthisancientartformtogiveasurprisetomyparents.Theylovereceivingartaspresents.W:Greatidea.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisprobablytheman?A.Adoctor B.Acarmechanic. C.Apoliceofficer.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Turnyourengineoff,please.DoyouknowwhyIhavepulledyouovertoday,Miss?W:Iknow.Iwasdoingeightymphinasixtymphzone,butI’madoctor.I’mrushingtomyhospitaltotrytosaveapatient.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomanadvisedtodo?A.Buyanewphone.B.Getapairofglasses.C.Havebiggertextsizeonherphone.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Doyoualwayssetthetextsizesobigonyourphone?W:Iboughtanewoneandcan’tseeitifit’ssmaller.M:Thetextsizelookshugetome.IwearglassesandIthinkyouneedsomeaswell.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomansound?A.Excited. B.Tired. C.Disappointed.【答案】C【解析】原文】W:Hello.CouldIhavethebluecoatinthewindow,theonewiththefurcollar,please?M:I’msorry,madam.Thatonehasbeensold.Aladyjustcameinandorderedit.W:Ohno.Ilovethatcoat.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theprosandconsoftechnology.B.Thetimepeoplespendonscreens.C.Differentwaystoaccessinformation.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Doyouthinktechnologyhaschangedourlivesforthebetter?W:Absolutely.Ithasmadethingsalotmoreconvenient.Wecaneasilyconnectwithotherpeopleandaccessinformationquickly.M:I’mconcernedthatithasledtopeoplestaringatscreensallday.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Employerandemployee.7.Whatcanweknowaboutthewoman'sfather?A.Heisoutofwork. B.Heisamathteacher. C.Heisskilledwithnumbers【答案】6.B7.C【解析】原文】M:Turnyourattentiontotheblackboard.Whocansolvethismathproblem?W:Ican,Mr.Broyn.M:Well,let’sseehowyouwoulddoit.W:SoIwouldtakethisnumberanddivideitbythisnumberIthenusethatanswertosolvetheequation.M:Verygood,Sarah.I’llsoonbeoutofajob.Icanjustleaveyoutoteachtheclass.W:Myfather’sabanker,soheisgoodwithnumbers.Heteachesmeandmybrothersalot.M:Andyoualsoseehowimportantnumberscanbeinlife.W:Hesays,withoutnumbers,theglobaleconomywouldcrash.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheflight?A.It’stooearly. B.It’sconvenient. C.It’stime-consuming.9.Howwillthespeakersgototheairport?A.Bybus. B.Bytrain. C.Bycar.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.Didyoumanagetogetanysleep?M:Whattimeisitnow?W:4:00a.m.M:I’vejusthadfourhoursthen.Whataboutyou?W:Aboutthesame.It’shardtosleepwhenyouknowyouhavetogetupsoearly.M:Whydidwebookaflightatsuchanannoyingtime?W:Itwaseither8:00a.m.ormidnight,sinceMoscowisn’tapopularholidaydestination.M:Well,Garywenttherewithhisparentsandhesaiditwasfantastic.TheywenttoWarsawandPragueaswell.W:Luckythem.Comeonnow.Weneedtoputoursuitcasesinthecar.M:Weshouldhavegotthetraintotheairport.Ittakesyouallthewaythere,andthenyoucangetabustoyourterminal(航站楼).W:Thecarismoreconvenient.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atarecordingstudio. B.Atapracticeroom. C.Ataconcerthall.11.Whowillarrivelater?A.Theguitarist. B.Thedrummer. C.Thebassplayer12.Whattimeisitnow?A.9:00a.m. B.9:30a.m. C.10:00a.m.13.Whichisthethirdsongtobeperformedtoday?A.Mr.Gold. B.DownSouth. C.LoveForYou.【答案】10.A11.B12.A13.C【解析】【原文】W:OK,everybody.Asit’syourfirstexperienceofrecording,perhapsyouwouldliketopracticeforawhilefirst.M:Ithinkwe’vehadenoughpractice.Wehaveourownpracticeroomandwe’vealsobeenperformingatconcerthallsrecently.W:Right.Thenwe’llgetstraighttoit.We’llhavethedrumsoverhere,theguitarsoverthereandthebasshere.Whoisplayingthedrums,bytheway?M:It’sJack,ourdrummer.Hejustcalledmetosayhe’sonhiswaytothestudio.He’llbehereinabouthalfanhour.W:Thatwillbe9:30a.m.,only30minutesbeforetherecordingstarts.Willhebeready?M:He’llbefine.W:Accordingtomylist,thefirstsongyouwanttorecordis“BrightLights”,followedby“DownSouth”,“Mr.Gold”and“LoveForYou”.Isthatcorrect?M:We’vedecidednottodo“Mr.Gold”,justtheotherones.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whoisthewoman?A.Anewvolunteer. B.Apaidemployee. C.Afoundationowner15.Whydidthewomanaskthemanforhelp?A.Hehasmanypets.B.Hehastherequiredskills.C.Hehasrescuedmanyanimals.16.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthepetadoptionevent?A.Itisorganizedeveryweekend.B.Localfamiliesbringtheircuteanimalsthere.C.Peopleareeducatedtoberesponsiblepetowners.17.Whatisthecharity'supcomingplan?A.Toraisemorefunding.B.Tofindmoreteammembers.C.Toexpandtootherprovinces.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.B【解析】【原文】W:George,I’minvitingyoutojoinourcharitygroup.We’reencouragingpeoplefromourcitytoadoptpetsfromsheltersinsteadofbuyingfromshops.Somanyanimalsneedhomesandkindowners!M:Awesome.Doyouownthisfoundation,orareyoujustvolunteeringwiththem?W:Oh,Ijustjoinedafewweeksago,andI’mworkingforfree!Theownersandemployeesarelookingforpeoplewithmarketingexperiencelikeyou—soIthoughtyou’dbetheperfectfit.M:Sure!I’dlovetousemyprofessionalskillsforthisgreatcause.W:Great.WeorganizemonthlypetadoptioneventsatCentralPark.Webringcuteanimalsoutside,andteachfamiliesandlocalpeopleaboutresponsiblepetownershipforanentireweekend.M:Awesome.Iwanttogetinvolved.W:I’llputyouonthelistfornextmonth’svolunteerteam.Luckily,wehaveplentyoffunding.So,we’renowtryingtoexpandourmissiontoourentireprovince.Soon,we’llneedabiggerteamforeventorganization!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Introducingtheinventions. B.Teachingthestudents. C.Guidingtheaudience.19.Whatdoesthespeakertelleveryonetodo?A.Exploretheentirecenter. B.Registerforanewsletter. C.Takeaschedule.20.Whenwillthewinnersbeannounced?A.Inaroundthreehours. B.Intwoandahalfhours. C.Inhalfanhour.【答案】18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】Welcome,everyone.We’vegotanexcitingdayaheadofus,aswebeginthe20thannualscienceandinventionfair.Studentshavepreparedformonthstopresenttheirexperiments,tests,andproducts.Now,letmeintroduceacoupleofheadlineprojectstolookfor.First,ourpreviouswinnershavedesignedrecyclingandwastemanagementsystems,makingenvironmentalcareourmostwidespreadpresentationtheme.Ofcourse,alongwiththesefront-runners,therearemanybreathtakingprojectsincomputerdesign,chemicalengineering,andevenhouseholdequipment.Nowplease,inventorscometothefronttotakeinstructionsandscheduleswhileaudiencewaittoexploretheconventioncenter.Andforall,don’tforgettofollowthisyear’ssocialmediapageandsignupforourgroup’snewsletter.We’llopenupallexperimentswithinthenext30minutes;afterthis,visitorswillhavearoundtwoandahalfhourstoexploretheprojects.Followingthisperiod,we’llimmediatelybeginourawardceremonyandannouncethisyear’swinners.It’saprivilegetooffersuchintelligentyoungstudentstheopportunitytoexpresstheirideas.Likewise,it’sanhonortobeabletosharethemwithallofyoutoday.Please,staypatientwhileouryoungpresentersfinishtheirfinalpreparations.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEverymonth,anewcontestwillbegin.Poetry.compridesitselfinsupportingandencouragingallwriters,regardlessofbackground,educationorexperience.Howdoesitwork?Submitanoriginalpoemorchooseoneofyourexistingpoemsfromthesite.Checkoutourentrycriteria,andthensubmityourentrybeforethedeadline!Thefollowingmonth,wewillannouncethewinnersonourcontestSummaryPage.Additionally,allnominated(提名的)poemswillbedisplayedonoursiteandwillfeatureaspecialbadge(徽章).Whatabouttheawards?Thetopthreewinnerswillreceivecashprizes.Fiverunners-upwillreceiveapersonalizedteacupfeaturingtheirwinningpoem.Andthat’snotall—attheendoftheyear,thetwelvemonthlywinnerswillcompeteforthePoemoftheYeargrandprizeof$1,000.Howdoyoudecidewhowins?Inthiscontest,youarethejudges!Everynomineeisqualifiedforonevote,eachvoteworthasinglepoint.Oncealltheapplicationshavebeenreceivedorthesubmissionperiodhasbeenreached,youwillbeabletovote.Youarenotallowedtovoteforyourself,andnotvotingwillloweryourpoemgradebyonepoint.Yes!Allourcontestantsarejudgestoo!Ourpoetrycontestsboastaclevertwist!Ourvisionisthatpoetryislikeart—itcanbeviewedandinterpretedinvariouswaysanditallcomesdowntotasteandopinion.Weofferjudgingguidelinestooutlinethekeyaspectsofagoodpoemandencourageyoutobringyourownknowledgeandexperiencetogetherwithourswhenvotingyourselves.Webelieveinourcommunityanditspowertocreate!Letthegamesbegin!21.HowmanycontestantswillgetawardsinJune?A.Three. B.Five C.Eight. D.Nine.22.Whatwouldbetheconsequenceofforgettingtovote?A.Heavyfine. B.Pointloss.C.Withdrawalofbadge D.Failureofcompetition.23.Whoaretheintendedreaders?A.Poemfanciers. B.Newjudges. C.Contestorganizers. D.Finalwinners.【答案】21.C22.B23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了P网站上诗歌比赛的运作方式、奖项设置、评选方式等相关信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Whatabouttheawards?下的“Thetopthreewinnerswillreceivecashprizes.Fiverunners-upwillreceiveapersonalizedteacupfeaturingtheirwinningpoem.(前三名获奖者将获得现金奖励。五名亚军将获得一个印有他们获奖诗歌的个性化茶杯。)”可知，奖项包括前三名和五名亚军，一共八人获奖。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Howdoyoudecidewhowins?下的“Youarenotallowedtovoteforyourself,andnotvotingwillloweryourpoemgradebyonepoint.(你不能为自己投票，不投票会使你的诗歌成绩降低一分。)”可知，忘记投票的后果是你的诗歌成绩降低一分。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Everymonth,anewcontestwillbegin.Poetry.compridesitselfinsupportingandencouragingallwriters,regardlessofbackground,educationorexperience.(每个月都会开始一场新的比赛。P以支持和鼓励所有作家而自豪，无论其背景、教育或经历如何)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了P网站上诗歌比赛的运作方式、奖项设置、评选方式等相关信息，所以读者对象应是诗歌爱好者。故选A项。BVisitorstoWolfe’sprintingshopcan’tmissthestatuesquehand-pressmachinethatstandstallnearthefrontdoor.There,Wolfemakesbeautifulbooks,prints,postersandmore.Ratherthanusingnewtechnologies,Wolfeprintsthewaypeopledidinthe15thcentury:Lettersarecastinlead,thenlockedtogether,inkedandpressedintopaper.Wolfetypicallyjugglesseveralprojectsatonce.Onarecentafternoon,hehasjustpausedproductionwhilewaitingforashipmentofhandmadepaper.Hewasthenusingthetimeinsteadtocreatedesignsforanotherproject.HemightalsobeteamingupwithartistandfriendHewitttodesignaposterforananniversary.Letterpressprintingcouldn'tbemoretedious.Everypieceoftypehastobeplacedbyhandandthenputawaypiecebypiecewhendonetobereusedforfutureprojects.ButWolfeshowednosignofimpatience.Hewitt,whohasknownWolfefor20years,hascooperatedwithhimnonmultiplexprojects.HewittrecalledaprojectheandWolfeworkedontogether:a“Hopeful”signontheroofofanonprofitgallery.Hewitintendedtofindamodernprintertofacilitatetheprocess.Wolfe,however,waspleasedwiththedesignbyhimself.Wolfenowworkswithbothmodern-dayprintersandmachinesthatarehundredsofyearsold.Hisletterpressandhot-metalcastingmachines,about10inall,fillhisspaciousshop.Despitetheirageandfrequentuse,thedevicesappearwellcaredfor.Eachonehasastory,whichWolfeenjoyssharing.Lately,Wolfehasbeenmentoringanapprentice(学徒),astudentfromnearbycollegeofartanddesign,whoshareshistastefortedium.Hesaysit’simportantfortheprintmakertopreserveandtransmitthetraditionaltechniquestoanewgeneration.“Thecomputerdidn’tkillmybusiness.Itmadeitstronger,”Wolfesays.“TheproductImakeishigh-end.Afinelyprintedbookisabeautifulobjectandareminderofthepastwhenbookswerevitalkeepersofinformation.”24.WhatdoweknowaboutWolfe?A.Heisanamateurprinter. B.Heisacollectorofoldbooks.C.Heisaskillfulcraftsman. D.Heisafollowerofnewfashions.25.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“tedious”inparagraph2?A.boring B.pleasing C.dissatisfying D.labor-saving26.WhyisHewitt’sprojectwithWolfementionedinparagraph3?A.Tointroducetheirjobs. B.ToemphasizetheworkingstyleofWolfe.C.Toclarifytheirrelationship. D.TosharetheartisticachievementsofWolfe.27.WhatmotivatesWolfe’sprintingcareer?A.Hisloveforthemoderntechniques. B.Hisdesiretopassdownletterpressing.C.Hisdeterminationtobeatcomputer. D.Hispreferenceforthetraditionalequipment.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Wolfe坚持使用古老的印刷方式，渴望保存并将传统技术传给下一代的故事。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“There,Wolfemakesbeautifulbooks,prints,postersandmore.Ratherthanusingnewtechnologies,Wolfeprintsthewaypeopledidinthe15thcentury:Lettersarecastinlead,thenlockedtogether,inkedandpressedintopaper.(在那里，Wolfe制作精美的书籍、印刷品、海报等。Wolfe没有使用新技术，而是沿用15世纪人们的印刷方式：先用铅浇铸字母，然后锁在一起，上墨水，压成纸)”可知，Wolfe是一个技艺精湛的工匠，故选C。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“Everypieceoftypehastobeplacedbyhandandthenputawaypiecebypiecewhendonetobereusedforfutureprojects.ButWolfeshowednosignofimpatience.(每一块字体都必须手工放置，然后在完成后一块一块地收起来，以便在未来的项目中重用。但Wolfe没有表现出不耐烦的迹象)”可知，凸版印刷是一项无聊的工作，tedious意为“无聊的”，故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“HewittrecalledaprojectheandWolfeworkedontogether:a‘Hopeful’signontheroofofanonprofitgallery.Hewitintendedtofindamodernprintertofacilitatetheprocess.Wolfe,however,waspleasedwiththedesignbyhimself.(Hewitt回忆起他和Wolfe一起合作过的一个项目：在一家非营利画廊的屋顶上挂一个‘充满希望’的标志。Hewitt打算找一台现代的打印机来简化这一过程。然而，Wolfe对自己的设计很满意)”可知，本段提到Hewitt和Wolfe的合作项目是为了强调Wolfe的工作风格，使用历史机器打印，故选B。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Hesaysit’simportantfortheprintmakertopreserveandtransmitthetraditionaltechniquestoanewgeneration.(他说，对于版画家来说，保存并将传统技术传给下一代是很重要的)”可知，将凸版印刷传承下去的渴望激励着Wolfe的印刷事业，故选B。CItmightseemlikeafishneedsacarlike—well,likeafishneedsabicycle.Butanewexperimentsuggeststhatfishesactuallymakeprettygooddriversandfishes’understandingofspaceandnavigationisnotlimitedtotheirnaturalenvironmentinthewater.Inarecentexperiment,researcherstaughtsixgoldfishestodriveawatertank.Theyputthefishesintoatankfullofwaterandattachthetankonwheels.Thenthewatertank,equippedwithacamerathatcontinuallytrackthefish’spositionandorientation(定位)insidethetank,wasputinaroom.Whenthefishesswamtowardadirectioninthewatertank,thetankheadedinthatdirectionintheroom.Inthisway,fisheswereschooledtodrivethetankfromthecenterofasmallroomtowardapinkboardononewallbygivingthefishatreatwheneveritreachedthewall.Duringtheirfirstsessions,thefishesaveragedabout2.5successfultripstothetarget.Duringtheirfinalsessions,fishesaveragedabout17.5successfultrips.Bytheendofdriver’seducation,theanimalsalsotookfaster,moredirectroutestotheirgoal.Infurtherexperiments,theresearcherstriedtotrickthegoldfishbyplacingboardsofdifferentcolorsontheotherwalls.Thefisheswerenotfooled,andnavigatedtothepinkboard.“Thatwasprettyconclusivethatthefishactuallynavigate,”saysstudycoauthorBen-Shahar.Recently,theteamletagoldfishtakeajoyridethroughoutanentirebuilding.Headded,“Anditactuallystartedtoexplore.Itwentdownoneofthecorridorsandstartedtosneakaway.”BehavioralneuroscientistLambertisnotcompletelysurprised,butstillfascinatedbythedrivingabilitiesofthegoldfish.Inherownresearch,Lamberthastaughtratstodrivetoycars.Butteachinggoldfishtonavigatetakesanimaldrivingexperimentstothenextlevel.Lambertsays,“Ilovethefish-out-of-wateridea.”Whenitcomestotestingtheboundsofanimalnavigation,“it’simportanttodiversifyandexpandourtasksandourspecies,”Lambertadds.28.Whatdoesparagraph2focuson?A.Wheretoplacethetrackingcamera. B.Whyweregoldfisheschosen.C.Howmanysessionswereconducted. D.Howtocarryouttheexperiment.29.Thefurtherexperimentsfoundthegoldfishcouldfindthedestinationevenif__________.A.noboardswereplaced B.thewallsstoodfarawayC.theyweren’tgivenatreat D.thereexisteddistractions30.AccordingtoLambert,whatwillbeexploredintheirfuturestudy?A.Navigationabilityofmorespecies. B.PotentialapplicationofwatertanksC.Basicstrategiesoftraininganimals. D.Furtherexplanationsofrats'driving.31.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toanalyzeanimalbehaviors. B.Tointroduceascientificdiscovery.C.Topromotenavigationdevices. D.Toexplainapsychologicalphenomenon.【答案】28.D29.D30.A31.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。本文围绕一项关于金鱼驾驶能力的实验展开，详细描述了实验过程、方法和结果，并探讨了这一发现对动物导航能力研究的意义。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Inarecentexperiment,researcherstaughtsixgoldfishestodriveawatertank.Theyputthefishesintoatankfullofwaterandattachthetankonwheels.Thenthewatertank,equippedwithacamerathatcontinuallytrackthefish’spositionandorientation(定位)insidethetank,wasputinaroom.Whenthefishesswamtowardadirectioninthewatertank,thetankheadedinthatdirectionintheroom.Inthisway,fisheswereschooledtodrivethetankfromthecenterofasmallroomtowardapinkboardononewallbygivingthefishatreatwheneveritreachedthewall.(在最近的一项实验中，研究人员教六只金鱼驾驶一个水箱。他们把鱼放进一个装满水的水箱里，把水箱装在轮子上。然后把装有摄像头的水箱放在一个房间里，摄像头可以持续跟踪鱼在水箱里的位置和方向。当鱼缸里的鱼朝某个方向游去时，鱼缸就朝房间里的那个方向游去。通过这种方式，鱼被训练把鱼缸从一个小房间的中心开到一面墙上的一块粉红色的板上，只要鱼游到墙上，就给它一点吃的)”可知，本段主要讲述了如何进行实验。故选D项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Infurtherexperiments,theresearcherstriedtotrickthegoldfishbyplacingboardsofdifferentcolorsontheotherwalls.Thefisheswerenotfooled,andnavigatedtothepinkboard.(在进一步的实验中，研究人员试图通过在其他墙上放置不同颜色的木板来欺骗金鱼。鱼没有上当，它们游向了粉红色的板)”可知，进一步的实验发现，即使存在干扰，金鱼也能找到目的地。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“.Lambertsays,“Ilovethefish-out-of-wateridea.”Whenitcomestotestingtheboundsofanimalnavigation,“it’simportanttodiversifyandexpandourtasksandourspecies,”Lambertadds.(兰伯特说：“我喜欢‘鱼跃出水’的想法。”在测试动物导航的界限时，“重要的是要多样化和扩展我们的任务和物种，”兰伯特补充道)”可知，根据Lambert的说法，他们未来的研究将会探索导航能力更强的物种。故选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Butanewexperimentsuggeststhatfishesactuallymakeprettygooddriversandfishes’understandingofspaceandnavigationisnotlimitedtotheirnaturalenvironmentinthewater.(但一项新的实验表明，鱼类实际上是很好的司机，鱼类对空间和导航的理解并不局限于它们在水中的自然环境)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了金鱼驾驶能力的实验，所以本文目的是介绍一项科学发现。故选B项。DClimatemodelscangiveusapreviewofhowhumanity’sactions—orinaction—willchangeourplanetoverthecomingdecadesandcenturies.Butbecausetheplanetissuchacomplexsystem,theyaren’tperfectclimatemodelshaveuncertaintiesthatgrowlargerastheygofartherintothefuture.Scientistsandengineersfromacrossthecountryareteaminguptobuildanewtypeofclimatemodelthatisdesignedtoprovidemorepreciseandactionablepredictions.Currentclimatemodelingreliesondividinguptheglobeintoagrid(格子)andthencomputingwhatisgoingonineachsectorofthegrid,aswellashowthesectorsinteractwitheachother.Limitationsinavailablecomputerprocessingpowermeanthatthosesectorsgenerallycannotbeanysmallerthantensofkilometersperside.Butforclimatemodeling,thedevilisinthedetails—detailsthatgetmissedinatoo-largegrid.“Forcitiesplanningtheirstormwatermanagementfacilitiestoresistthenext100years’worthoffloods,thisisaseriousissue.Concreteanswersaboutthelikelyrangeofclimateoutcomesarekeyforplanning.”saysTapioSchneider,seniorresearchscientistatCliMA.Weighingrecentadvancesinthecomputationalanddatasciences,theteamplanstostepincandesceofthepartnersbringsadifferentstrengthandresearchexpertisetotheproject.“Ourgoalisanewmodelthatprojectsfuturechangesincriticalvariablessuchascloudcover,seaiceextent,andrainfallmoreaccurately—withuncertaintiesatleasthalfthesizeofthoseinexistingmodels.”saidDr.Andrew,theteamleader.OnedoubterabouttheapplicationofclimatemodelsisRaffaeleFerrari,aCecilandIdaGreenProfessorofOceanographyatMIT.“Usingamodel,webecomepuppeteers,mastersofagiantsystemthatis,intruth,beyondhumancontrol.Wecancoolorheattheplanetatwill,addsaltoriceorrainordustinanyamountwewant,”Dr.Ferrarisays.“Wehavenobackupplanet.Howclimatemodelsareusedremainstobeseen.”32.Whyareclimatemodelsbuilt?A.Tocollectscientificdata. B.Tomonitorhumanactions.C.Todeliverusefulforecasts. D.Tomaintainsocialsystems.33.Whatistheproblemofcurrentclimatemodeling?A.Shortageoffacilities. B.Relianceoncomputers.C.Inabilitytogetsmallergrids. D.Limitationinsimplifyingdetails.34.Whatdoestheteamaimtodo?A.Investigateseriousissues. B.Guaranteethesafetyofthecity.C.Changethefutureclimate. D.Improvetheaccuracyofthemodels.35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Climatemodelsenjoysgreatpopularity.B.Scientistshavecreatedanewclimatemodel.C.Doubtsaboutclimatemodelsaredisappearing.D.Cautionisadvisedintheuseofclimatemodels.【答案】32.C33.C34.D35.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。本文围绕气候模型的主题，解释了其工作原理、存在的局限性，以及科学家们如何努力改进气候模型以提高预测的准确性和实用性。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Climatemodelscangiveusapreviewofhowhumanity’sactions—orinaction—willchangeourplanetoverthecomingdecadesandcenturies.(气候模型可以让我们预览人类的行为——或不作为——将如何在未来几十年和几个世纪改变我们的星球)”以及“Scientistsandengineersfromacrossthecountryareteaminguptobuildanewtypeofclimatemodelthatisdesignedtoprovidemorepreciseandactionablepredictions.(来自全国各地的科学家和工程师正在合作建立一种新型的气候模型，旨在提供更精确和可操作的预测)”可知，建立气候模型是为了提供有用的预测。故选C项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Currentclimatemodelingreliesondividinguptheglobeintoagrid(格子)andthencomputingwhatisgoingonineachsectorofthegrid,aswellashowthesectorsinteractwitheachother.Limitationsinavailablecomputerprocessingpowermeanthatthosesectorsgenerallycannotbeanysmallerthantensofkilometersperside.Butforclimatemodeling,thedevilisinthedetails—detailsthatgetmissedinatoo-largegrid.(目前的气候模型依赖于将全球划分成一个网格，然后计算网格中每个区域的情况，以及显示区域之间的相互作用。可用计算机处理能力的限制意味着这些扇区通常不能小于每边几十公里。但对于气候模型来说，关键在于细节——那些在太大的网格中被遗漏的细节)”可知，当前气候模型的问题是无法得到更小的网格。故选C项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Weighingrecentadvancesinthecomputationalanddatasciences,theteamplanstostepincandesceofthepartnersbringsadifferentstrengthandresearchexpertisetotheproject.“Ourgoalisanewmodelthatprojectsfuturechangesincriticalvariablessuchascloudcover,seaiceextent,andrainfallmoreaccurately—withuncertaintiesatleasthalfthesizeofthoseinexistingmodels.”saidDr.Andrew,theteamleader.(考虑到计算和数据科学的最新进展，该团队计划进行深入研究。每个合作伙伴都为该项目带来了不同的优势和研究专长。“我们的目标是创建一个新模型，能够更准确地预测云量、海冰范围和降雨量等关键变量的未来变化，而且不确定性至少比现有模型中的小一半。”团队负责人安德鲁博士说)”可知，团队的目标是提高模型的准确性。故选D项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“OnedoubterabouttheapplicationofclimatemodelsisRaffaeleFerrari,aCecilandIdaGreenProfessorofOceanographyatMIT.“Usingamodel,webecomepuppeteers,mastersofagiantsystemthatis,intruth,beyondhumancontrol.Wecancoolorheattheplanetatwill,addsaltoriceorrainordustinanyamountwewant,”Dr.Ferrarisays.“Wehavenobackupplanet.Howclimatemodelsareusedremainstobeseen.”(麻省理工学院海洋学Cecil和IdaGreen教授RaffaeleFerrari对气候模型的应用持怀疑态度。“通过模型，我们成为了操纵木偶的大师，成为了一个巨大系统的主人，而这个系统实际上超出了人类的控制。我们可以随意冷却或加热地球，可以随意添加我们想要的盐、冰、雨或灰尘，”Ferrari博士说。“我们没有备用星球。如何使用气候模型还有待观察。”)”可知，Ferrari警告人们如何使用气候模型还有待观察，所以在使用气候模型时应谨慎。故选D项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Quiteafewpeopleturntocomfortfoodswhenthey’refeelingdownorjustneedalittlepick-me-up.____36____They,tosomeextent,provideeatersasenseofwarmthandpleasure.Butdespitethename,dotheyactuallycomfortus?____37____Asstudieshavefound,thebrainhas“hedonichotspots”—specializedregionsthatincreasetherewardingfeelingor“liking”ofpalatable(可口的)tastes,includingsugary,fattyandsaltyfoods.Thiscanresultinadopamine(多巴胺)hitthatstrengthensaperson’smotivationtoseekpalatablefoodrewards.Therefore,peoplemightbeencouragedbytheirbrainstoconsumeparticularfoods.Butwhyarecomfortfoodsgenerallysomewhatunhealthy?Certainfoods—sometimesreferredtoas“hyper-palatable”foods—arouseintensefeelingsofpleasure.Theyaregenerallyeasytodigestandaresweet,saltyorrich.____38____So,aperson’sbraintendsnottowanttheminthesamewayitdoesadonutorasliceofpizza.Comfortfoodsareanattempttofeelcontentorameansofreducingstress,butitseemstheyarenotalwayseffective.Inasurveyof2,000adults,oneinfourpeopleadmittedeatingcomfortfoodsatleastfivetimesaweek,eventhoughoverhalfsaidthosemealsmadethemfeelworse.So,why?Peopleareawarethatthesefoodsarenotnutritionallybeneficial.____39____Someresearches,however,havealsofoundthatcomfortfoodsdohavetheabilitytocomfortusbu