24新手助跑-基础语法

序言所有人都能看到飞机在天空盘旋的姿态，却很少有人能感受到它助跑阶段的颠簸和摆脱地心引力的痛苦。每位坚定的考研人来日都将展翅，但是其心智必苦，筋骨必劳，其才能才可与日俱增。研考初期，也是所有学子最迷茫的时期。或许你英语基础相对薄弱，劳心费力不得其果；或许你已经阔别英语多时，复习起来毫无头绪。无需焦虑，这24考研英语，词法兼修。本书将会从词法，句法，篇章三个考研英语的核心板块出发，立足于英语学习的基本概念，为后续的深入学习铺平道路：扫盲词汇部分围绕高频的基础词汇展开，从多个角度诠释单词，结合词根词缀和用法搭配来加深对单词的印象，为日后的单词学习奠定坚实的基础。零基础语法部分以考研英语中所涉及的基础语法点为着眼点，稳扎稳打带你打好基础，为英语小白在考研道路上的深入学习扫清障碍。新概念部分则重点侧重于词句在篇章中的应用，多种多样，原汁原味的语言场景，为之后的专项学习的快速提升做好铺垫。希望你能勇敢并坚定地迈出这一步，也相信日后冲破天际的身影中，你一定是最耀眼的一个！PAGE1PAGE1PAGE2PAGE2础BASICGRAMMAR简单句动词的分类动词的分类简单句的类型(1)主-系-表”Theseapplesareveryfresh.这些苹果很新鲜。Maryisauniversitystudent玛丽是个大学生。(2)“主-动”Theboyiscrying.男孩在哭。Themanislookingforthedictionary那个男士正在寻找字典。(3)“主-动-宾”HetookthepictureontheGreatWall.他在长城上拍了照片。Theyhaveboughtthenewmobilephone.他们已经买了新出的手机。(4)“主-动-间宾-直宾”Hegavemeadictionary他给了我一本词典。PAGE3PAGE3PAGE4PAGE4ShallShallIleaveyouthecamera?要我把照相机留给你吗？(5)“主-动-宾-补”Wecanmakeourcountrymorebeautiful.我们可以将国家建设得更美好。笔记区句子成分动词的三大形式情态can,could,may,might,must,shall,should,will,would,dare,needoughtto,usedto,hadbetter,wouldratherhavetoShemustarrivebeforesixo’clock.六点前她一定能到。+be”“+bedoing”“+或一般情况的推测。Hemust/may/might/couldbelisteningtotheradionow.//也许正在听收音机。Hecan’t(couldn’t)beathomeatthistime.这个时候他不可能在家。+have+Itmust/may/might/couldhaverainedlastnight.Thegroundiswet.//也许下雨了。语态Foresthavebeenburned.Theyweregivenawarmsendoff.Theirweddingwillbeheldinthechurch.时态一般进行完成现在过去将来一般现在时实。Theideaseemspromising.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.Itusuallyleadstonogood-drinking,drugsandcasualsex.Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.一般过去时lastweekanhourago,in2020等In2006,thestatewentastepfurther.McGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugust,hisexplanationwassurprisinglystraightup.PAGE10PAGE10PAGE11PAGE11一般将来时,tomorrownextkfromnowon,inthefuture一般将来时有五中常见的表达方式：A.shall动词原形（shallwill所代替）；WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst？B.begoingtobegoingto；Itisgoingtorain.C.willWearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.E.beabouttoHeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.一般现在时有时也可表将来Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.I’llwritetoyouassoonasIarriveinBeijing.……Iamleavingforsomeimportantthing.OK,seeyou.现在/过去完成时现在完成时现在完成进行时过去完成时/表语/宾语名词可数名词不可数名词Ⓒapieceof+advice/bread/cloth/fortune/information/musicⒸabitof,anitemof,anarticleof数词代词动名词不定式Hatingpeopleislikeburningdownyourownhousetogetridofarat.Tohaveasuccessfulmarriagetakeseffortandpatience.直接动名词做宾语的动词admit,advise,anticipate,appreciate,avoid,conside,endurecontemplate,dela,den,discuss,dislike,encourage,enjo,escape,excusefanc,favor，feellike,forbid,giveup,canthelp,imagineinvolve,mention,mind,miss,overlook,permit,postpone,prophetic,prohibit,putoff,resent,resist,risk,can’tstand,suggestA.demandA.demanddeserveneedrequire,want等动词Thegardenneedswatering/tobewatered.Yourhairneedscutting/tobecut.B.remember,forget,stop,goon,regretIstillrememberbeingtakentoBeijingforthefirsttime.Ireallymuststopsmoking.定语前置someany,no,every等词构成的不定代词的定语都后置。Thelovelygirlisdancinginthegarden.Canyoutellmesomethinginteresting?定语后置Hegavemeabasketfullofeggs.Englishisalanguageeasytolearnbutdifficulttomaster.状语副词介词短语并列句 IturnedontheTVandwesatdownandwatchedit.Youmaygowithus,oryoumaystayathome.Itwasgettinglate;wehadtogoback.notonly...butalso.../either...or.../neither...nor...EitheryouaremadorIam(mad).Notonlyishehimselfinterestedincomputerbutalsohissonisbeginningtoshowaninterestinit.Notonlyeverythinghehadhadtakenawayfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenshipwastakenawayfromhim.方式状语从句方式状语从句as,asif/though,theway等词引导Asweallknow,theearthisround.Itlooksasiftheweathermaypickupverysoon.Ishoulddothejobthewaymyfatherdid.地点状语从句地点状语从句where),everywhere引导Whereveryouwork,youwillgainmuchvaluableexperienceaslongasyouarewillingtowork.Everywheretheywent,theywerewarmlyreceived.……条件下Whereyouareconfident,youwillsucceed.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.PAGE13PAGE13PAGE14PAGE14目的状语从句that,sothat,inorderthat,lest,forfearthat,等词引导；lest=forfearthatshould动词原形；Hewrotethenamedownforfearthat(lest)heshouldforgetit.Hetooktheumbrellawithhimlestitshouldrain.Taketheumbrellawithyouincaseitrains.结果状语从句thattothat……”Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tfallasleep.Hemadesuchaninspiringspeechthateverybodygotexcited.Thewindwassostrongthatwecouldhardlymoveforward.HerunsofastthatIcouldn'tcatchupwithhim.Itwassohotadaythatcropswilted.=Itwassuchahotdaythatcropswilted.Heissolovelyaboythateveryoneloveshim.=Heissuchalovelyboythateveryoneloveshim.时间状语从句when,as,everytime/eachtimeWhenIwaswatchingTV,mymothercameback.Myfatheriscookingwhilemymotherisreadingnewspaper.Astimewentby,thedaysbecamelongerandlonger.teminutethemoment,theinstant也可表示；Iwillwritetoyouthemoment/minuteIarrivedinParis.till＆untilIsleptuntilmidnight.WaittillIcallyou.Shedidn’tarriveuntil6o’clock.tilluntil原因状语从句常用连接词有：becausesinceas,for原因状语从句常用连接词有：becausesinceas,fornowthat,inthat等，owingto,dueto,thanksto,becauseof,asaresultof等短语Humanbeingsarequitedifferentfromanimalsinthathumancanspeakandthink.让步状语从句though,让步状语从句though,although,as,whilebut条件状语从句常用连接词：if,aslongas,onconditionthatIfwintercomescan’tspringbefarbehind?Aslongasitdoesn’train,wecanplay.Youcangooutonconditionthatyouwearanovercoat.比较状语从句(1)同级比较(2)异级比较more……Ourcountryisgettingmoreandmorepo