新疆生产建设兵团第二师二十五团中学2023-2024学年八年级英语第二学期期末经典试题含答案

新疆生产建设兵团第二师二十五团中学2023-2024学年八年级英语第二学期期末经典试题满分120分，时间90分钟一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、Irememberthere_________alotoffishinthelake.Nowithasbeenpolluted.A.areusedtohave B.usedtohave C.usedtobe D.areusedtobe2、SeeingtheChinesesoldiers,theenemiesranawayinall________(方向).3、—Lucy,_________,orwe’llbelateforschool.—I’llbeOKatonce.A.openup B.hurryup C.takeup D.setup4、LastFriday,________ORBISworkergaveus________one-hourreportanditreallytouchedus.A.a,an B.an,a C.a,a D.an,an5、LiuFengjun,thefinalassemblyinspector(总装检验员)ofShenzhouVI,islikeascanner.Hecheckseverystepagainandagain.Inhisopinion,qualitycheckissomethingveryimportant.Justasthesayinggoes,“_________”A.Everydoghasitsday. B.Don’tputalltheeggsinonebasket.C.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed. D.Youcan’tbetoocareful.6、Maryhasatoothachetoday,________shegoestoschoolasusual.A.although B.but C.and D.or7、Icouldn’tfindmyaunt’shousebecauseshegavemeawrong________.A.address B.answer C.name8、Tommywatchedtheinsects________inordertounderstandtheirlife.A.closely B.exactly C.quickly D.nearly9、MyEnglishteacherisa________ladyandsheoftencorrectsmyspellingmistakesagainandagain.A.patient B.humorous C.modest D.curious10、Itiscareless________youtomakesomanymistakes,soitisimportant_______ustomasterreadingskills.A.to;for B.of;for C.for;for D.of;of二、完形填空（10分）11、阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Thenextclassisgeography.I’m____1____withit.Let’scuttheclassandgoforawalk!”GracesaidtoKaren.Infact,Karenlikedgeography.Shehadnoideawhatshe____2____do.“IfI____3____Grace’sinvitation,shewillbeangrywithme,”shethought.“ButifIgowithher,I____4____catchtheclass.”ItwasdifficultforhertosaynotoGrace.ThenKarenrememberedMom’swords,“Rememberwhoyouare.And____5____dotherightthing.”“I’msorry,Grace,”Karensaid.Shefinallymadetheright____6____.Andshe____7____Gracetotaketheclass,too.“Wehavelotsoftimefora____8____afterschool,don’twe?We’dbettertaketheclass,____9____wewillprobablyfailthefinalexam.Idon’twanttheteachertocallourparents.”Finally,thetwogirlssatinthegeographyclassroomandlistenedtotheteacher____10____.DidyoueverhavetheexperiencelikeKaren?Whatdidyoudo?1.A.glad B.bored C.sad2.A.must B.need C.should3.A.refuse B.accept C.choose4.A.will B.won’t C.can5.A.always B.hardly C.never6.A.decision B.plan C.invitation7.A.expected B.sent C.advised8.A.walk B.game C.meeting9.A.though B.if C.or10.A.beautifully B.carefully C.comfortably三、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）12、游览巴黎会花费很高，不过乘地铁去大部分地方通常很方便。________aroundPariscancostalotofmoney,butit’susually________totaketheundergroundtraintomostplaces.13、he,atthattime,was,cooking___________________________________?14、Myparentsdon’ta________metostayoutlate.15、英汉互译阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。ThecoldestandmostdifficultplaceintheworldtoliveisAntarctica(南极洲).ItisthelandofsnowandiceneartheSouthPole(南极).Mostpeopledonotthinkthereismuchlifeintheicywatersaroundit.Theyarewrong.Actually,therearemorethanonehundreddifferentkindsofanimalsthere.ThemostfamousanimalofAntarcticaisthepenguin(企鹅).1.HalleyBay(哈雷湾)wastheworld’ssecondlargesthomeforpenguins.However,2.企鹅现在处于极大危险中。Recently,scientistsfoundthatthenumberofpenguinshasdroppedquickly.OneofthemainreasonsisthatmanystormshitHalleyBay.3.Thousandsofbabypenguinsdiedfromtheterribleweather.Scientistsfeelworriedaboutthis.HalleyBayusedtobeasafeplaceforpenguinsbutnowitisn’t.Luckily,anotherhomeofpenguinshasgottenmuchbigger.4.为了保持安全，许多企鹅已经搬到那里了。Althoughpenguinsmayhavegreaterchancetokeepalive,theyarestillfacingthedangerofdyingout.5.Unlesswedosomething,theywon’thaveanywheretogooneday.1._____________________________________________2._____________________________________________3._____________________________________________4._____________________________________________5._____________________________________________16、Peopleintheworldareworkingfor________(makesthlessorsmallerinsize,quantity,price,etc.)thecausesofpollution.四、阅读理解（40分）17、①RVs(旅行房车)areagreatwaytotourthecountryandseethesights,butthankstoonefather-daughterteam,they’vehelpedpeoplewho’velosttheirhomesinCalifornia’slatestwildfires.②TheideaofWoodyFaircloth,EmergencyRVOrganizationconnectspeoplewhoarewillingtodonatetheirRVstothoseinneed.Sofar,FairclothwithhisdaughterLunaalongfortheride—hassent95RVstoCaliforniaareawildfirevictims(受害者).Otherwisetheymightwaitmonthsforemergencyhousing(应急居所).③Fairclothfirstgottheideafortheorganizationin2018.Likemanythatyear,thefatherwastouchedbythenewsofCalifornia’sdeadlyCampFirethatburnthundredsofhomesduringThanksgivingweek.ThestoryofamanwholostalmosteverythingbutmanagedtosurvivethefireinhismobilehomeimpressedFaircloth.ThenheaskedLunawhatshethoughtaboutfindinganRVandsendingittoafamily,sotheycouldhaveaplacetocallhomeforChristmas,andshewas100%onboard.④FairclothstartedaGoFundMeactivitytoprovidemoneyforthefirstRVthatheandLunasenttoCalifornia.Asthenewsoftheirjourneyspread,peoplestartedreachingouttohim,offeringtodonatetheirRVs—andfromthere,EmergencyRVOrganizationsoonformed.AllthepeoplethinkwhatFairclothdidwillmakeadifferencetothoseinneed.It’shopedthatthesedonationscanhelpmorepeople.⑤Manyofthosewhoreceivemobilehomesarefirefighters.Theirtirelessworkinfightingthefiredidnotpreventtheirownhomesfromburning.OnesuchmanisGeorgeWolley,wholosthisownhomeintheDixieFireonAugust4th.Hesaid,“BeforeIgotthatRV,IfeltlikeIwasaburden(负担)oneverybodythathelpedme...Isleptalotintentsandinmycar.Itgavemeaplacetogo.”⑥Faircloth’sorganizationcontinuestogrow.He’sthankfulforthemanythingshehasandhappytobeinapositiontohelpothers.1.EmergencyRVOrganizationwasstartedto________.A.teachpeoplewaystopreventfires B.raisemoneytobuyemergencycarsC.providehousingforwildfirevictims D.collectandsellsecond-handcars2.WhatgaveFaircloththeideatosetuptheorganization?A.Hisinterviewwithamansurvivingafire. B.Thenewsaboutaterriblefire.C.Hisownexperienceofawildfire. D.Donationsfrompeopletovictims.3.HowdidpeoplefeelaboutFaircloth’sbehaviour?A.Angry. B.Excited. C.Worried. D.Hopeful.4.WhywasWolleymentioned(提及)inthetext?A.Toexplainthedangerofwildfires. B.Tointroducetheworkoffirefighters.C.Toshowtheburdenoncarowners. D.TogiveanexampleofRVs’receiver.5.What’stheproperstructure(结构)forthepassage?(①—Paragraph1,②—Paragraph2...)A. B.C. D.18、Playingsportsisfun.Evenifyoudonotwineverygame,youarestillspendingtimedoingsomethingyouenjoy.Havingfunisnottheonlyreasontogetinvolvedinasport.Playingsportshelpsyouinmanydifferentways.MakingYourHeartStrongerYourheartisamuscle（肌肉）thatpumps（输送）bloodthroughyourbody.Likeanymuscle,yourheartgetsstrongerwhenyoumakeitworkhard.Howdoyouknowwhenyourheartisworkinghard?Youbreathefaster.Allsportsmakeyourheartworkharder.MakingFriendsPlayingasporthelpsmakenewfriends.Ifyouplayonasportsteamatschool,youcangettoknowstudentsinotherclasses.Ifyouplaysportsoutsideofschool,youcangettoknowmorekidsinyourcommunity.Someofthepeopleyoumeetmightbecomenewfriends.LearningThatHardWorkPaysoffPlayingsportsisfun,butitishardwork,too.Ithelpsyoulearnthathardworkpaysoff.Leaningthisimportantlessonwillhelpyouatschoolandthroughoutyourlife.ImprovingSelf-Esteem（自尊心）Self-esteemishowyoufeelaboutyourself.Peoplewithgoodself-esteemhaveconfidenceandfeelgoodaboutthemselves.Scientistshavediscoveredthatplayingsportshelpsmostyoungpeopleimprovetheirself-esteem.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“getinvolvedin”probablymean?________A.getoutof B.takepartin C.getonwith D.comeupwith2.Howdoyouknowwhenyourheartisworkinghard?________A.Yousleepdeeply. B.Youbreathefaster.C.Youeatmorefood. D.Yougetstronger.3.Accordingtothispassage,whatwillhelpyouatschoolandthroughoutyourlife?________A.Learningthathardworkpaysoff.B.Makingnewfriendswithothers.C.Spendingtimedoingsomethingyouenjoy.D.Workinghardtolearnsomethingimportant.4.Whichquestioncouldbesthelpusfindoutthewriter’spurpose?________A.Didthewritertellushowtomakenewfriends?B.Didthewriterhelpusunderstandideas?C.Didthewriterofferusgoodwaysofexercising?D.Didthewritershowustheimportanceofplayingsports?19、longtimeago,peoplewereverydifferentfromthewaywearenow.Overtime,thehumanbodychangestoadaptto(适应)anewwayoflife.Canweexpectthehumanbodytochangeinthefuture?Forsure.Thedevelopmentoftechnologyischanginghowwelive.Whatkindofchangescanweexpect?Inthefuture,peoplewillprobablybeeventaller.Mostofusnowhavemuchbetterfoodthanpeopleinthepastandwegrowmore.However,ourmuscleswillnotbeasstrongasnowbecausewewon’tdoalotofphysicalwork.Wearealreadyusingourfeetless,andourhandsmore.Sowecanexpectthatourlegswillgetshorterandourfeetsmaller,andatthesametime,ourfingerswillgetlonger.Andourfingersandoureyeswillbothgetbetterbecausethey’llhavetodomoreworktogether.It’sverypossiblethatpeoplewillhavefourtoes,notfive.Thelittletoereallyisn’tneededanymore,soitwillprobablydisappear(消失)sometimeinthefuture.Now,whataboutthemouth?It’llgetsmaller,perhaps,becausetechnologyimprovementwillmeanthatwedon’tneedtotalksomuch,andalsobecauseourteethwillgetsmaller.Lastbutnotleast,peoplewon’thavemuchhairontheirbodiesasnow,aswedon’tneedittokeepourselveswarmanymore.Willallthesethingshappen?Ifso,when?Thesearequestionsnoonecananswerforsure.1.Theunderlinedsentenceinparagraph1isto________.A.givesomeadvice B.digthetopicC.introducethefollowingparts D.showthewriter’sworry2.Whymaypeopleinthefuturebetaller?________A.Theywilldolessphysicalwork.B.Theywillhavebetterfoodtoeat.C.Theirlegswillgetlongerandlonger.D.Theirmuscleswillbemuchstronger.3.Whichofthebodypartsmightgetsmalleraccordingtothepassage?________①feet②hands③fingers④mouthA.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④4.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?________A.Futurelife. B.Bodychanging.C.Unknownquestions. D.Technologyimprovement.20、OurschoolhasaRobotClubandit’swonderful.Mr.Thomasistheclubleader.Hethinksofthingsforustodoandhelpsusbuildourrobots.Heloveseverythingaboutcomputers.He’sreallycoolandverykind.Beforewemakeourownrobots,weoftenwatchvideosofotherrobotsontheInternet.Whenourrobotisready,weusecomputerprogramstomakeitdothings.Everyyearthereisacompetitionforschoolsalloverthecountry.Ifeelreallyexcitedwhenweshowourrobotstostudentsfromotherschools.Weneverwin,butthat’snotimportant.Theotherstudentslikewatchingourrobotmove.Itfeelsgreat.IloveRobotClub.It’sagreatplacetomeetnewpeoplefromschool.WemeetintheschoolhalleveryMondayatlunchtimeandeveryThursdayafterschool.Comeandseeus—we’realwayshappytomeetpeople!1.WhatcanweknowaboutMr.Thomasfromthepassage?______A.Heisveryinterestedincomputers.B.Healwaysbuildsrobotsforstudents.C.Hehasdesignedmanycomputerprograms.D.HeoftensharesvideosofrobotsontheInternet.2.Ourclubenterstherobotcompetitionto______.A.winabigprize B.goforsuccessinrobotC.offerhelpstootherclubs D.showourabilitiesinrobot3.Thepassageprobablycomesfrom______.A.abookreview B.aschoolnewsletterC.afilmposter D.astorybook五、补全对话（10分）21、根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。A:Tom,couldyouhelpmedosomecleaning?B:Sorry,Mum.I’mverybusynow.A:Whatareyoudoinginyourroom?B:_____1_____.A:Tom!YouhavebeenwatchingTVfortwohours.It’sbadforyoureyes._____2_____.B:Butit’sSundaytoday.Ihavenohomework.Ineedtorelax.A:Relax?ButIdon’tthinkwatchingTVallthetimecanhelpyourelax._____3_____?B:ButIdon’tlikelisteningtomusic.A:Comeon,Tom.Ihaveapieceofgoodnewsforyou.______4______.B:Wow,wonderful!HowImissUncleBill!_____5_____?A:Aboutayear.HeleftforEnglandlastspring.B.Mum,letmehelpyoucleantheroom,andthenwecanplanapartyforUncleBill.A:OK.六、阅读表达（10分）22、用完整的句子回答问题Myfriend,Amy,oncesaidtome,“Travellingaloneisalife-changingexperience.”ItravelledalonealotwhenIwasinmyearly20sandIlovedit.Theexperiencesoftravellingalonemakememoreadventurous(有冒险精神的).Ithinkeveryoneshouldtryatleastonceintheirlives.NowI’mmarried.Igoeverywherewithmyhusbandandit’sjustnotthesame.Thefeelingofbeingonanadventurehasgone.Imisstravellingalone.Ithenthoughtofmyfirstsolo(单独的)triptoSouthAmerica.IwenttoSouthAmericaandstayedthereforsixmonths.Ifindhavingholidayswithotherpeopleisnotasexcitingastravellingalone.Idon’tmeetadventureswiththembutIcanexperiencealotalone.Whentravellingbymyself,IcanchoosefromminutetominutewhatIwilldonext.IcanvisitaplacethatIdidn’tplantoseebefore.Icangotherewithouthavingtoagreewithanyonefirst.ItrytosolveallmyproblemsbymyselfandIbecomemoreindependent(独立的).However,thereisjustonethingthatisnotsogoodforme.IalwayshopethattheplacesIwillvisithavegoodhotelsandsafetransportroutes(路线).SoeverytimebeforeIbeginmysolotrip,Ihavetomakesureifthehotelisgoodorthetransportroutesaresafe.1.Whendidthewritertravelalonealot?_______________________________2.Whodoesthewritergoeverywherewithnow?_______________________________3.Whichismoreexcitingforthewriter,havingholidayswithotherpeopleortravellingalone?_______________________________4.HowlongdidthewriterstayduringherfirstsolotriptoSouthAmerica?_______________________________5.Whatdoesthewriterhavetomakesurebeforehersolotrip?_______________________________七、书面表达（20分）假设你叫李文，是阳光中学（SunshineMiddleSchool）的一名学生。今年暑期，你将代表你校赴瑞士参加“模拟联合国”会议并作发言，此次会议主题是AGreenerWorld。你草拟了发言流程图，请根据下图写一篇英文发言稿。注意事项：1.发言稿须根据流程图自拟，要求语句通顺、意思连贯、符合题意；2.流程图中括号部分非限定性内容，仅供参考；3.词数90左右；4.发言稿中不得使用真实的个人及学校信息。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、C【解析】【详解】句意：我记得那个湖里过去常有很多鱼。现在它已经被污染了。考查therebe句型和一般过去时。根据“Nowithasbeenpolluted.”可知，现在它已经被污染了，所以“there...alotoffishinthelake”应是过去的情况，故用一般过去时，选项A、D错误；“there...alotoffishinthelake”是therebe句型，be动词是谓语动词，所以选项B错误。usedtodo“过去常常做某事”，为一般过去时，thereusedtobe“过去常有”，故选C。2、directions【解析】【详解】句意：看到中国士兵，敌人向四面八方逃跑了。方向：direction，名词作宾语，由“all”可知，此处用可数名词复数形式“directions”。故填directions。3、B【解析】【详解】句意：——露西，快点，不然我们上学要迟到了。——我马上就好。考查动词短语。openup开放；hurryup快点；takeup占据；setup建立。根据“orwe’llbelateforschool.”可知是催促露西快一点，故选B。4、B【解析】【详解】句意：上周五，一位奥比斯的工作人员给我们做了一个小时的报告，让我们非常感动。考查冠词。a一个，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，修饰元音音素开头的单词。ORBISworker是元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an修饰；one-hourreport是辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a修饰，故选B。5、D【解析】【详解】句意：神舟六号总装检验员刘峰均就像一台扫描仪。他一遍又一遍地检查每一步。在他看来，质量检查是一件非常重要的事情。正如俗话所说，你再小心也不为过。考查谚语。Everydoghasitsday风水轮流转；Don’tputalltheeggsinonebasket不要孤注一掷；Afriendinneedisafriendindeed患难见真情；Youcan’tbetoocareful再小心也不为过。根据“Hecheckseverystepagainandagain.Inhisopinion,qualitycheckissomethingveryimportant.”可知，他一遍一遍地检查每个步骤，即再小心也不为过。故选D。6、B【解析】【详解】句意：玛丽今天牙疼，但她照常上学。考查连词辨析。although即使；but但是；and和；or或者。根据“Maryhasatoothachetoday,…shegoestoschoolasusual.”可知玛丽牙疼，她和往常一样去学校，前后是转折关系，要用but，故选B。7、A【解析】【详解】句意：我找不到我姑姑的房子，因为她给了我一个错误的地址。考查名词辨析。address地址；answer答案；name名字。根据“Icouldn’tfindmyaunt’shouse”可知是姑姑给错了地址信息。故选A。8、A【解析】【详解】句意：汤米密切地观察这些昆虫，以便了解它们的生活。考查副词词义辨析。closely密切地；exactly确切地；quickly快速地；nearly几乎,差一点。根据“watchedtheinsects”可知，应是密切地观察昆虫，故选A。9、A【解析】【详解】句意：我的英语老师是一位耐心的女士，她经常一次又一次地纠正我的拼写错误。考查形容词辨析。patient耐心的；humorous幽默的；modest谦虚的；curious好奇的。根据“sheoftencorrectsmyspellingmistakesagainandagain.”可知老师一次又一次地纠正我的错误，可见她很有耐心。故选A。10、B【解析】【详解】句意：你犯这么多错误真是太粗心了，所以掌握阅读技巧对我们来说很重要。考查介词辨析。固定句型Itis+adj.+of/forsb.todosth.，forsb.常用于表示事物的特征特点，ofsb.一般表示人物的性格、品德。“careless”是形容词人的性格，应用of；“important”表示事物的特征特点，应用for。故选B。二、完形填空（10分）11、1.B2.C3.A4.B5.A6.A7.C8.A9.C10.B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲格蕾丝让凯伦一起逃课，凯伦考虑之后拒绝一起逃课并劝说格蕾丝一起上课，认真听讲。【1题详解】句意：我厌倦它了。glad高兴的；bored无聊的；sad难过的。根据“Let’scuttheclassandgoforawalk!”可知厌倦了物理课，beboredwith“厌倦”。故选B。【2题详解】句意：她不知道该怎么办。must必须；need需要；should应该。根据“Infact,Karenlikedgeography.Shehadnoideawhatshe...”可知不知道应该做什么。故选C。【3题详解】句意：如果我拒绝格蕾丝的邀请，她会生我的气的。refuse拒绝；accept接受；choose选择。根据“shewillbeangrywithme”可知拒绝格蕾丝的话她会生气。故选A。【4题详解】句意：但是如果我和她一起去，我就赶不上课了。will将会；won’t将不；can能够。根据“ButifIgowithher”可知逃课了赶不上课程进度，此处表否定。故选B。【5题详解】句意：永远做正确的事。always总是；hardly几乎不；never从不。根据“Rememberwhoyouare.And...dotherightthing.”可知妈妈劝凯伦总是做正确的事情。故选A。【6题详解】句意：她终于做出了正确的决定。decision决定；plan计划；invitation邀请。根据“I’msorry,Grace”可知做出了正确的决定，拒绝一起逃课。故选A。【7题详解】句意：她建议格蕾丝也去上这门课。expected期待；sent发送；advised建议。根据“Gracetotaketheclass”可知是建议格蕾丝也上课。故选C。【8题详解】句意：放学后我们有很多时间散步，不是吗？walk散步；game游戏；meeting会议。根据“Let’scuttheclassandgoforawalk!”可知此处讲放学后有很多时间可以散步。故选A。【9题详解】句意：我们最好上这门课，否则期末考试可能会不及格。though尽管；if如果；or否则。根据“We’dbettertaketheclass”是期末考试不及格的否定条件，用or连接并列句。故选C。【10题详解】句意：最后，两个女孩坐在地理教室里，认真地听老师讲课。beautifully美丽地；carefully认真地；comfortably舒服地。根据“listenedtotheteacher...”可知是认真听课。故选B。三、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）12、①.Traveling②.convenient【解析】【详解】travel表示“游览”，此空作主语，用动名词形式；第二个空作表语，用形容词，convenient表示“方便的”。故填Traveling；convenient。13、Washecookingatthattime【解析】【详解】根据所给标点以及所给词汇可知，本句是was引导的一般疑问句，was位于句首，时态为过去进行时；he作主语，cooking作谓语，atthattime作状语。故填Washecookingatthattime“那时他正在做饭吗”。14、(a)llow【解析】【详解】句意：我父母不允许我在外面待到很晚。根据“stayoutlate.”可知，我父母不允许我在外面待到很晚，allow“允许”符合题意，助动词don’t后接动词原形。故填(a)llow。15、1.哈雷湾是世界第二大企鹅的家园/栖息地。2.penguinsarenowingreatdanger.3.成千上万只企鹅宝宝死于恶劣的天气。4.Inordertokeepsafe,manypenguinshavemovedthere.5.除非我们做点什么，（否则）总有一天它们将会无处可去。【解析】【导语】本文介绍了南极洲的企鹅的生存现状，并呼吁人们行动起来保护它们。【1题详解】HalleyBay哈雷湾，wastheworld’ssecondlargesthomeforpenguins是世界第二大企鹅的家园/栖息地。故填：哈雷湾是世界第二大企鹅的家园/栖息地。【2题详解】penguins企鹅，now现在，beingreatdanger处于极大危险中。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填penguinsarenowingreatdanger.【3题详解】Thousandsofbabypenguins成千上万只企鹅宝宝，diedfrom死于，theterribleweather恶劣的天气。故填：成千上万只企鹅宝宝死于恶劣的天气。【4题详解】inorderto为了，keepsafe保持安全，manypenguins许多企鹅，havemovedthere已经搬到那里了。故填Inordertokeepsafe,manypenguinshavemovedthere.【5题详解】Unless除非，we我们，dosomething做些事，they它们，won’thaveanywheretogo将会无处可去，oneday总有一天。故填：除非我们做点什么，（否则）总有一天它们将会无处可去。16、reducing【解析】【详解】句意：世界上的人们正在努力减少污染的原因。makesthlessorsmallerinsize,quantity,price,etc.“使某物的大小、数量、价格等变小”可以表达为“减少；降低”。reduce“减少；降低”，介词for后用动名词形式作宾语。故填reducing。四、阅读理解（40分）17、1.C2.B3.D4.D5.D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了WoodyFaircloth和他的女儿Luna建立了一个叫做“紧急房车”的非盈利组织，为在加州山火中失去家园的家庭提供安全的住所。现在他们的服务对象很多是那些为了救火而失去自己家园的消防员。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“they’vehelpedpeoplewho’velosttheirhomesinCalifornia’slatestwildfires.”和第二段“TheideaofWoodyFaircloth,EmergencyRVOrganizationconnectspeoplewhoarewillingtodonatetheirRVstothoseinneed.”可知，紧急房车组织一开始是为野火受害者提供住房。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Fairclothfirstgottheideafortheorganizationin2018.Likemanythatyear,thefatherwastouchedbythenewsofCalifornia’sdeadlyCampFirethatburnthundredsofhomesduringThanksgivingweek.”可知，营火烧毁了数百所房屋消息令这位父亲深受感动，所以建立了这个组织。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“AllthepeoplethinkwhatFairclothdidwillmakeadifferencetothoseinneed.It’shopedthatthesedonationscanhelpmorepeople.”可知，所有人希望这些捐款能够帮助到更多的人，所以Faircloth的行为是充满希望的。故选D。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“OnesuchmanisGeorgeWolley,wholosthisownhomeintheDixieFireonAugust4th.”可知，这是举的一个房车接收的例子。故选D。【5题详解】篇章结构题。通读文章可知，第一段是通过旅行房车引出下文；第二、三、四段是Faircloth成立紧急房车组织的理念、缘由及发起活动；第五段是接收房屋的人群；第六段是Faircloth的感受。故选D。18、1.B2.B3.A4.D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了进行运动的重要性。【1题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段“Havingfunisnottheonlyreasontogetinvolvedinasport（参与运动不仅仅是为了享受乐趣，还有很多其他好处。）”可知，getinvolvedin的意思是“参与，参加”与“takepartin”同义。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Howdoyouknowwhenyourheartisworkinghard?Youbreathefaster.”可知当你的心脏努力工作的时候，你的呼吸更快。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段“Playingsportsisfun,butitishardwork,too.Ithelpsyoulearnthathardworkpaysoff.”可知帮助你学会在学校和你的一生中努力工作就会有回报。故选A。【4题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了运动的重要性。首先，运动能使你的心脏更强壮。其次，运动能帮助你结交新朋友。再次，运动让你明白努力工作会有回报。最后，参与运动能帮助大多数年轻人提高自尊心。所以作者向我们展示运动的重要性能最好地说明作者的目的。故选D。19、1.C2.B3.C4.B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了人类身体的变化以及未来可能发生的变化。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据下文“Inthefuture,peoplewillprobablybeeventaller.”（未来，人们可能变得更高。）可知，下文是介绍人类未来的改变，可推断这句话是为了引出下文，故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Mostofusnowhavemuchbetterfoodthanpeopleinthepastandwegrowmore.”（我们中的大多数人现在比过去有更好的食物，我们种植得更多。）可知我们长得高是因为吃得好，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Sowecanexpectthatourlegswillgetshorterandourfeetsmaller”（所以我们可以预期我们的腿会变短，我们的脚会变小）及“Now,whataboutthemouth?It’llgetsmaller”（嘴巴怎么办？会变小的）可知会变小的是脚和嘴，故选C。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Whatkindofchangescanweexpect?”（我们期望有哪种改变？）及下文介绍了一些可能的改变，可知短文主要讲述了人类身体的变化以及未来可能发生的变化。故选B。20、1.A2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了学校的机器人俱乐部以及俱乐部的活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Heloveseverythingaboutcomputers.”可知，他热爱和电脑有关的一切，说明他对电脑很感兴趣。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据“Ifeelreallyexcitedwhenweshowourrobotstostudentsfromotherschools.Weneverwin,butthat’snotimportant.Theotherstudentslikewatchingourrobotmove.Itfeelsgreat.”可知，当我们向其他学校的学生展示我们的机器人时，我感到非常兴奋。我们从来没有赢过，但这并不重要。其他学生喜欢看我们的机器人移动。感觉很棒。由此可知，我们俱乐部参加了机器人比赛来展示我们在机器人方面的能力。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“OurschoolhasaRobotClubandit’swonderful.”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了学校的机器人俱乐部以及俱乐部的活动。故选B。五、补