高中英语素材倒装知识点总结

高中英语素材倒装知识点总结

倒装

英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语在后。S+P+其他成分。（S=主语，P=谓语）

完全倒装：其他成分+P+S

部分倒装：其他成分+be/do/does/can/have/has/had+S+3fjin|

其他成分+be/have/has/had/can+S+动词

其他成分+do/does/did+S+动词原形

（一）完全倒装

1.表地点、时间或方位的副词位于句首

1）表地点/时间的副词+谓语（非进行时）+主语（不能是代词主语）

地点昌U词有：here，there，in/inside，on*out/outside,opposite等。

时间副词有：then，now，soon，next，first，finally等。

谓语往往是be或不及物动词begin，come，go»lie，lay»seem，remain，stand

等。

Herearemyrepliestoyourquestions•

Herecomesthebus•

Theregoesthebell•

Thereremainedonlytendollarsinhispocket•

Oppositestoodanancientoaktree•

Thencamethetimetopart•

Nextisthenews•

2）:表方位的与介词同形的国词♦谓语（非进行时）■•■主语（不

能是代词主语）

这类鬲词有：in,out»up'down，away，off,ahead，back等。

谓语往往是不及物动词come'go，fly，jump，rush，walk等。

IncomesMr.Smith-

Outwentthechildren•

Downflewtheeagletoseizethechicken•

Awayrantheterrifiedboy•

说明：（1成地点、时间或方位的副词位于句首时不用于进行时态。

⑵表地点、时间或方位的昌词位于句首，代词作主语，主谓语序不变。例

如：

Inhecame•

Uptheyclimbedalmostoutofbreath•

Hereitis•

Thereyouare•

Herethebusiscoming.

2•表地点或时间的介词短语作状语位于句首

表地点或时间的介词短语+不及物动词/及物动词的被动语态♦主语（通常不是代词）

Beyondthebusheslaythefields•

Atthetopofthehillstandstheoldchurch•

Afterthebanquetcameafireworkdisplayinthegarden•

说明：①谓语是及物动词或由“be+表语”构成时不用倒装形式：

Atthetopofthetowershecouldseethewholecity•

Inthemorningstudentsareusuallyverybusy•

②谓语是及物动词的被动语态可用倒装形式：

Inthischapterwillbefoundasatisfactoryanswer•

Tothelistmaybeaddedthefollowingnames.

3•某些表语位于句首

表语（介词短语/形容词/过去分词/进行时态中的现在分词）十be/link.v+主语

1）表语为表位置或地方的介词短语

AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees，candlesandtoys•

Nearthechurchwasanoldruinedcottage•

2）表语为形容词短语，尤其用于与先前提到的进行比较

PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.

HigheruparethetemplesbuiltinancientChina•

Firsttoarriveweretheirtwocousins•

Manyofthebuildingsaretrulywonderful.BestofallistheGrandTheatre.

3)表语为过去分词

Hereitis•

GonearethedayswhentheycoulddowhattheylikedtotheChinesepeople•

Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungpeople•

4)表语为进行时态中的现在分词

Lyingonthefloorwasaboyagedaboutseventeen•

Standingbesidethetablewasaninterpreter•

4•用于so，nor-neither开头的句子前句是肯定句，重复前句内容用so

Heisastudent.

SoamI.

Soisshe.

SoisTom.

Soarethey.

SoamIastudent.

HelikesEnglish.

Sodoesshe.

SodoesTom.

SodoI.

Sodothey.

SodoesshelikeEnglish.

HewenttoBeijingmanyyearsago.

SodidI.

Sodidshe.

SodidIgotoBeijingmanyyearsago.

HehasbeentoBeijing.

SohaveI.

Sohasshe.

SohasshebeentoBeijing.

HecanspeakFrench.

SocanI.

Socanshe.

SocanIspeakEnglish.

如果将上面蓝色句子改成否定句的话，就应该将红色句子中的so改成neither或norHeisastudentand

helikesEnglish.

Soitiswithme

Heisastudent,buthedoesn'tlikeEnglish.

Soitiswithher.

Heisthetallestboystudentinhisclass.Soheis.

Iaskedhimtobuymeanewspaper.Hedidso.

5.当“so+形容词”或“such”为表语时，用完全倒装语序。

So+adj+be+S+that+S+P

Such+be+S+that+S+P

Sogreatwasthedestructionthatittookthemseveralyearstorecover•

Suchwastheforceoftheexplosionthatallthewindowswerebroken•

（二）部分倒装1•用于三个表示强调的句型中

1）含义为”•…就…，刚…就…”，指某事发生得过早

Hardly/barely/scarcelyhadhearrivedatthestationwhen/beforethetrainbegantoleave•

Hehadhardly/barely/scarcely/not/justarrivedatthestationwhen/beforethetrainbeganto

leave•

Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanthetelephonerang•

Shehadnosooner/justassoongoneoutthanthetelephonerang.

2）含义为“不但…而且…”。

Notonlyisheafirstclassbutalsoheisgoodat

ballplayer»Notonlyisheafirstchess-butheisgoodat

classballplayer，Notonlyisheachess•heisalsogoodat

firstclassballplayer，Notonlyishechess•

afirstclassballplayer，Notonlyisbutheisgoodatchesstoo•

heafirstclassballplayer，Notonly

heisgoodatchesstoo•buthe

isheafirstclassballplayer，Not

onlyisheafirstclassb皆曲I的辞herbestfriend•

NotonlyAbutalsoB做主语的主谓致问题°

Notonly/Notmerely+倒装句式+but（also）+陈述句语序

NotonlyIbutalsohelikesEnglish.

NotonlyhebutalsoIlikeEnglish.

3）含义为“直到…才…”。

Notuntil+句子（陈述句语序）/时间状语+倒装句式

Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework•

NotuntilyesterdaydidIlearnanythingaboutit•说明：下面句子不倒装：

Itwasnotuntiltheteachercamethathefinishedhishomework•2•用于only开头的句子

Only+时间副词/介词短语/状语从句♦倒装句式

OnlythisafternoondidIfinishthenovel•

Onlyoncewashebeatenforhisdishonesty.

Onlybyworkinghardcanwesucceedineverything

Onlywithagreatdealofeffortwasheabletoescape•

OnlywhenhetoldmedidIrealizewhattroublehewasin.

Onlyafteryou'vedonetheexperimentcanyouunderstandthislawbetter・说明:如果only修

饰的不是状语而是主语，则不用倒装。例如：

OnlyWangLingknowsthis.

Onlyyouknowthetruth.

Onlythisafternoonisthebesttime.

3•某些否定词位于句首时

此类否定词有：hardly»scarcely，barely，rarely，seldom，no,not，never，nowhere及little，

less，nolonger，leastofall.

Hardlydidheknowthatthepolicewereafterhim•

NevershallIdothisagain•

NowherecouldIfindhim•

Notsimplyisthisbookinteresting，butalsoinstructive•

Littledidheknowwhothewomanwas•

Thesechildrencan'tspeakEnglish，stilllesscantheywrite•说明：否定词修饰主语时不用倒装

结构。例如：

Scarcelyadropofrainfelllastmonth•Hardlyanybodylikeshimbecauseheisso

rude•

4.某些含有no的介词短语位于句首时

Nonewsisgoodnews

“介词+no+名词”构成的短语，意为“决不”，“任何情况下都不”：

atnotime，bynomeans，under/innocircumstances

innoway,innocase,onnoaccount,onnoconsideration

AtnotimewillChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.

Innocaseshallwegiveupourplan.

AtnowayshouldItaketheresponsibility.

Onnoaccountmustthisswitchbetouched.

Undernocircumstancescouldweagreetosuchaprinciple.

5.so,such位于句首时

表强调的副词sosuch置于句首，构成“so…that"，“such…that”时，被强调部分用倒装

语序。So.../Such...+倒装结构+that+句子（陈述句语序）

So+adv.+部分倒装+that+S+P

Sofastdoeslighttravelthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.

Somuchdidhelikehisjobthathewouldnotstopworkingevenafterhewasseventyfive.

So/such+N（宾语）+部分倒装+that+S+P

SomanyquestionsdidtheyaskmethatIgotconfused.

SomuchofinterestdoesBeijingofferthatmostvisitorssimplyrunoutoftimebeforeseeingit

all.

Suchafiercedogdidhehavethatwehadtowaitbeforewecouldgetin.

Sofierceadogdidhehavethatwehadtowaitbeforewecouldgetin.

说明：如果sc/such位于句首修饰主语时，则不用倒装。例如：

Sofewpeoplecametohisbirthdaypartythathefeltdisappointed.

6.带tosuch…表程度的词组位于句首时

Tosuchanextent'

Towhat/suchadegree+倒装句式

Tosuchextremes

Nonewsisgoodnews

Tosuchlength(s)

Tosuchadegreewasheexcitedthathecouldngotosleepthatnight.

Tosuchlengthsdidhespeakthateveryonegotbored.

Insuchahurry置于句首时也用倒装形式。例如：

Insuchahurrywashethatheforgottotakehispassport.

Insuchahurrydidherushtotheairportthatheforgottotakehispassport.

7.用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句

1)Were/Had/Should+主语=lf+主语+were/had/should

Werehemyfriend,Iwouldexpecthishelp.

Iwouldexpecthishelp,werehemyfriend.

DidIaskforhelpfromhim,hewouldgiveit.

Shoulditraintomorrow,Ishouldstayindoors.

Hadyounottoldmeaboutthematter,Ishouldneverhaveknownthewholething.

2)Wereitnotfor+n.=lfitwerenotfor+n.

Haditnotbeenfor+n.=lfithadn'beenfor+n.

Wereitnotfortheirhelp,wewouldbeinserioustrouble.

Haditnotbeenfortheirsupport,wecouldn'thavewontheelection.

8.用于让步状语从句

FirA\"_"——,；▼--------------'-八加/合词1ME1『系动

词血动词

空词(不加冠同)+L+主语+情态动词

卿，动凰副词副同胃涪动词

Strangethough/asitmayseem.thetallestboyistheyoungest.

Womanas/thoughsheissheiscourageous

Surroundedashewasbytheenemyhewasnotafraid.

Tryashewould,hemightfailagain.

Searchasthewould,theycouldfindnooneinthewoods.

Hardashestudies,hecannotpasstheexam.

MuchthoughIadmireher,Icannotexcuseherfaults.

说明：从句中的主语较长，也可用全部倒装。例如：

Difficultyaswasthechemistryhomework,itwasfinishedintime.

9.用于原因状语从句

形容词,~名词系动词中助动诃

（不加冠词）分+■as/illat+£语+情态如可

动词倔词•谓语动词

Tiredthat/ashewas,hewenttobedearly.

Cowardthat/ashewas、heranawayassoonastheenemyattacked

Absorbedas/thathewasinthebook,hedidnotnoticemyenteringtheroom.

LivingasIdosoremotefromtown,Irarelyhavevisitors.

10.用于as和than引导的状语从句

在as引导的方式状语从句和than引导的比较状语从句中，如果从句的主语较长或带有长的

修饰语时，可用倒装形式。但主语是人称代词不倒装。例如

Hetravelledagreatdealasdidmostofhisfriends.

Hetravelsagreatdealasdomostofhisfriends.

Hetravelsagreatdealasdoeshisbestfriend

Hetravelledagreatdealasshedid.

Mr.Smithisexpectingapayrise,asareseveralothersalesmenintheteam.

Ispendlessthandonineoutoftenpeopleinmyposition.

Ispendlessthanshedoes

I'mafraidherproposalsarenomorefeasiblethanarethoseJamespresented.

II,方式,、频度副词等位于句首时

方式状语(well,gladly,slowly,quickly)'频度状语(often,manyatime,frequently,onceaweek)

等位于句首时，可用倒装结构。如果不是十分强调，也可不用倒装结构。例如：

WelldoIrememberthedayswhenwewereatschooltogether.

GladlywouldIgivemylifetosavethechild!

Oftendoeshewarnus/hewarnsusnottotouchthepoisonouschemical

ManyatimehasMikegivenmegoodadvice.

ManyatimeMikehasgivenmegoodadvic