2008年高考英语试题及参考答案(辽宁卷)

2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(辽宁卷）英语第一卷（三部分，共115分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.$19.15. B.$9.15. C.$9.18.答案是B。1.Whatistheweatherlike?A.It'sraining. B.It’scloudy. C.It’ssunny.2.WhowillgotoChinanextmonth?A.Lucy. B.Alice. C.Richard..3.Whatarcthespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theman’ssister. B.Afilm C.Anactor,4.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.InRoom34O. B.InRoom3l4. C.InRoom223.5.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inanoffice. C.Athome.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。6.WhydidthewomangotoNewYork?A.Tospendsometimewiththebaby.B.Tolookafterhersister.C.Tofindanewjob.7.HowoldwasthebabywhenthewomanleftNewYork?A.Twomonths. B.Fivemonths. C.Sevenmonths.8.Whatdidthewomanlikedoingmostwiththebaby?A.Holdinghim. B.Playingwithhim. C.Feedinghim听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Awaytoimproveairquality. B.Aproblemwithtrafficrules.C.Asuggestionforcityplanning.10.Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Limitingtheuseofcars. B.Encouragingpeopletowalk.C.Warningdriversofairpollution.11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkabouttheman’sidea?A.It’sinteresting. B.It’sworthtrying.C.It’simpractical.听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。12.HowlongwillthemanprobablystayinNewZealand?A.Oneweek. B.Twoweeks. C.Threeweeks.13.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetotheman?A.GotoNewZealandafterChristmas.B.Bookhisflightassoonaspossible.C.Savemoremoneyforhistrip.14.WhatcanwelearnaboutflightstoNewZealandatChristmastime?A.Theyrequireearlybooking. B.Theycanbetwiceasexpensive.C.Theyareonspecialoffer.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.WhydidJanecallMike?A.Toaskhimtomeether. B.TotellhimaboutTom.C.Toborrowhiscar.16.WherewillJanebeinaboutonehour?A.AtMike’splace. B.AttheairportC.Atagarage.17.Whatcanweinferfromtheconversation?A.Janehasjustlearnedtodrive.B.Jane’scarisinbadcondition.C.Mikewillgototheairport.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatdidthespeakeraskthestudentstodotheweekbefore?A.Writeashortstory. B.Prepareforthelesson.C.Learnmoreaboutthewriter.19.Whydoesthespeakeraskthequestions?A.Tocheckthestudents’understandingofthestory.B.Todrawthestudents’attentiontoreadingskills.C.Toletthestudentsdiscussfather-sonrelationships.20.Whatwillthestudentsdoin10minutes?A.Askmorequestions. B.Discussingroups. C.Givetheiranswers.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogivechildrentheywant.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever答案是B。21—DidyouhaveagoodtimeinThailandlastweek?—_________,itwastoohot.A.Notreally B.Yeah,whynot C.Oh,great D.You’reright22.Peter________bereallydifficultattimeseventhoughhe’sanicepersoningeneral.A.shall B.should C.can D.must23.Wefirstmetonatrainin2000.Webothfeltimmediatelythatwe________eachotherforyears.A.knew B.haveknown C.hadknown D.know24.Myneighboraskedmetogofor________walk,but1don’tthinkI’vegot________energy.A.a;不填 B.the;the C.不填;the D.a;the25.Youhavetobeafairlygoodspeakerto________listeners’interestforoveranhour.A.hold B.make C.improve D.receive26.—CouldyoutellmehowtogettoVictoriaStreet?—VictoriaStreet?_________iswheretheGrandTheatreis.A.Such B.There C.That D.This27.Hewasbusywritingastory,only________onceinawhiletosmokeacigarette.A.tostop B.stopping C.tohavestopped D.havingstopped28.____hungryIam,Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.A.Whatever B.Whenever C.Wherever D.However29.—Haveyougotanyjoboffers?—No.1_____A.waited B.hadbeenwaiting C.havewaited D.amwaiting30.Itlooksliketheweatherischangingfor.Shallwesticktoourplan?A.theworse B.worse C.theworst D.worst31.Pleaseremain_______;thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon.A.seating B.seated C.toseat D.tobeseated32.Iusedtolovethatfilm_____Iwasachild,butIdon’tfeelitthatwayanymore.A.once B.when C.since D.although33.IlikeMr.Miner’sspeech;itwasclearandthepoint.A.at B.on C.to D.of34.—MynameisJonathan.ShallIspellitforyou?—A.lfyoudon’tmind B.Notatall C.Takeiteasy D.Nicetomeetyou35.Billwasn’thappyaboutthedelayofthereportbyJason,and.A.Iwasneither B.neitherwasI C.Iwaseither D.eitherwasI完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36～55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iwasasingleparentoffoursmallchildren,workingatalow-paidjob.Moneywasalwaystight,butwehada36overourheads,foodonthetable,clothesonourbacks,andifnotalot,always37.Notknowingwewerepoor,mykids(孩子们)justthoughtIwas38I’vealwaysbeengladaboutthat.ItwasChristmastime,andalthoughtherewasn’t39foralotofgifts,weplannedtocelebratewithafamilyparty.Butthebig40forthekidswasthefunofChristmas41Theyplannedweeksaheadoftime,asking42whattheywantedforChristmas.Fortunately.Ihadsaved$120for43tosharebyallfiveofus.Thebig44arrived.Igaveeachkidatwenty-dollarbilland45themtolookforgiftsofaboutfourdollarseach.Theneveryonescattered(散开).Wehadtwohourstoshop;thenwewould46_backatthe“Santa’sWorkshop”.Drivinghome,everyonewasinhighChristmasspirits,47myyoungerdaughter,Ginger.whowasunusually48.Shehadonlyonesmall,flatbagwithafewcandies—fifty-centcandies!Iwassoangry,butIdidn’tsayanything49wegothome.Icalledherintomybedroomandclosedthedoor,50tobeangryagain.Thisiswhatshetoldme:“1waslooking51thinkingofwhattobuy,and152toreadthelittlecardsonthe‘GivingTrees.’Onewasforalittlegirl,fouryearsold,andallshe53forChristmaswasadoll(玩具娃娃).SoItookthecardoffthetreeand54thedollforher.Wehavesomuchandshedoesn’thaveanything.”Ineverfeltso55asIdidthatday.36.A.roof B.hat C.sky D.star37.A.little B.less C,.enough D.more38A.busy B.serious C.strict D.kind39.A.effort B.room C.time D.money40.A.improvement B.problem C.surprise D.excitement41.A.shopping B.travelling C.parties D.greetings42.A.theother B.eachother C.onebyone D.everyotherone43.A.toys B.clothes C.presents D.bills44.A.day B.chance C.cheque D.tree45.A.forced B.reminded C.invited D.begged46.A.draw B.stay C.move D.meet47.A.including B.besides C.except D.regarding48.A.quiet B.excited C.happy D.ashamed49.A.since B.after C.while D.until50.A.waiting B.ready C.hoping D.afraid51.A.out B.over C.forward D.around52.A.forgot B.stopped C.failed D.hated53.A.wanted B.did C.got D.played54.A.made B.searched C.bought D.fetched55.A.angry B.rich C.patient D.bitter第三部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AItravelalot,andIfindoutdifferent“styles”(风格)ofdirectionseverytime1ask“HowcanIgettothepostoffice?”Foreigntouristsareoftenconfused(困惑)inJapanbecausemoststreetstheredon’thavenames;inJapan,peopleuselandmarks(地标)intheirdirectionsinsteadofstreetnames.Forexample,theJapanesewillsaytotravelers,“Gostraightdowntothecorner.Turnleftatthebighotelandgopastafruitmarket.Thepostofficeisacrossfromthebusstop.”InthecountrysideoftheAmericanMidwest,therearenotusuallymanylandmarks.Therearenomountains,sothelandisveryflat;inmanyplacestherearenotownsorbuildingswithinmiles.Insteadoflandmarks,peoplewilltellyoudirectionsanddistances.InKansasorIowa,forexample,peoplewillsay,“Gonorthtwomiles.Turneast,andthengoanothermile.”PeopleinLosAngeles,California,havenoideaofdistanceonthemap;theymeasuredistanceintime,notmiles.“Howfarawayisthepostoffice?”youask.“Oh,”theyanswer,“it’saboutfiveminutesfromhere.”Yousay,“Yes,buthowmanymilesawayisit?”Theydon’tknow.It’struethatapersondoesn’tknowtheanswertoyourquestionsometimes.Whathappensinsuchasituation?ANewYorkermightsay,‘Sorry,Ihavenoidea.”ButinYucatan,Mexico,nooneanswers“Idon’tknow.”PeopleinYucatanbelievethat“Idon’tknow”isimpolite,Theyusuallygiveananswer,oftenawrongone.Atouristcangetvery,verylostinYucatan!56.WhenatouristaskstheJapanesethewaytoacertainplacetheyusually_________A.describetheplacecarefullyB.showhimamapoftheplaceC.tellhimthenamesofthestreetsD.refertorecognizablebuildingsandplaces57.Whatistheplacewherepeoplemeasuredistanceintime?A.NewYork. B.LosAngeles. C.Kansas. D.Iowa.58.PeopleinYucatanmaygiveatouristawronganswer________A.inordertosavetime B.asatest C.soastobepolite D.forfun59.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.It’simportantfortravelerstounderstandculturaldifferences.B.It’susefulfortravelerstoknowhowtoaskthewayproperly.C.Peoplehavesimilarunderstandingsofpoliteness.D.NewYorkersaregenerallyfriendlytovisitors.BHeroesofOurTimeAgoodheartDikembeMutombogrewupinAfricaamonggreatpovertyanddisease.HecametoGeorgetownUniversityonascholarship（奖学金）tostudymedicine—butCoach(教练)JohnThompsongotalookatDikembeandhadadifferentidea.DikembebecameastarintheNBA,andacitizenoftheUnitedStates.Butheneverforgotthelandofhisbirth,orthedutytosharehisfortunewithothers.HebuiltanewhospitalinhisoldhometownintheCongo.Afriendhassaidofthisgood-heartedman:“MutombobelievesthatGodhasgivenhimthischancetodogreatthings.”SuccessandkindnessAfterherdaughterwasborn,JulieAigner-Clarksearchedforwaystoshareherloveofmusicandartwithherchild.Sosheborrowedsomeequipment,andbeganfilmingchildren’svideos(录象)inherownhouse.TheBabyEinsteinCompanywasborn,andinjustfiveyearsherbusinessgrewtomorethan$20millioninsales.Andsheisusinghersuccesstohelpothers—producingchildsafetyvideoswithJohnWalshoftheNationalCenterforMissingandExploitedChildren.Juliesaysofhernewprogram:“Ibelieveit’sthemostimportantthingthatIhaveeverdone.Ibelievethatchildrenhavetherighttoliveinaworldthatissafe.”BraveryandcourageAfewweeksago,WesleyAutreywaswaitingataHarlemsubwaystationwithhistwolittlegirlswhenhesawamanfallintothepathofatrain.Withsecondstoact,Wesleyjumpedontothetracks,pulledthemanintothespacebetweentherails(铁轨),andheldhimasthetrainpassedrightabovetheirheads.Heinsistshe’snotahero.Hesays:“Wehavegottoshoweachothersomelove.”60.WhatwasMutombopraisedfor?A.BeingastarintheNBA. B.Beingastudentofmedicine.C.Hisworkinthechurch. D.Hiswillingnesstohelptheneedy.61.MulombobelievesthatbuildingthenewhospitalisA.helpfultohispersonaldevelopmentB.somethingheshoulddoforhishomelandC.achanceforhisfriendstosharehismoneyD.awayofshowinghisrespecttotheNBA62.WhatdidtheBabyEinsteinCompanydoatitsbeginning?A.Producesafetyequipmentforchildren.B.Makevideostohelpprotectchildren.C.Sellchildren’smusicandartwork.D.Lookformissingandexploitedchildren.63.WhywasWesleyAutreypraisedasahero?A.Hehelpedamangetacrosstherails.B.Hestoppedamanfromdestroyingtherails.C.Heprotectedtwolittlegirlsfromgettinghurt.D.Hesavedapersonwithoutconsideringhisownsafety.CTomwasoneofthebrightestboysintheyear,withsupportiveparents.Butwhenhewas15hesuddenlystoppedtrying.Heleftschoolat16withonlytwoscoresforsecondaryschoolsubjects.Oneofthereasonsthatmadeitcoolforhimnottocarewasthepowerofhispeer(同龄人)group.Thelackofrightmale(男性)rolemodelsinmanyoftheirlives—athomeandparticularlyintheschoolenvironment(环境)—meansthattheirpeersaretheonlypeopletheyhavetojudgethemselvesagainst.Theydon’tseemensucceedinginsocietysoitdoesn’toccurtothemthattheycouldmakesomethingofthemselves.Withoutmaleteachersasarolemodel,theeffectofpeeractionsandstreetculture(文化)isall-powerful.Boyswanttobepartofaclub.However,schoolscanprovidetheenvironmentforchange,andprovidetherightrolemodelsforthem.Teachersneedtobetrainedtostopthatbutnotinfrontofachild’speers.Youhavetodoitonetoone,becausethatiswhenyouseetherealchild.It’spointlesssendingachildhomeifheorshehasdonewrong.Theyseeitasawelcomedayofftowatchtelevisionorplaycomputergames.instead,schoolsshouldhaveaspecialunitwhereachildwhohasdonewronggoesforthedayandgetsadviceabouthisproblems—somewherehecanworkawayfromhispeersandgohomeaftertheotherchildren.64.WhydidTomgiveupstudying?A.Hedislikedhisteachers.B.Hisparentsnolongersupportedhim.C.It’scoolforboysofhisagenottocareaboutstudies.D.Thereweretoomanysubjectsinhissecondaryschool.65.WhatseemstohaveabadeffectonstudentslikeTom?A.Peergroups. B.Aspecialunit.C.Thestudentjudges. D.Thehomeenvironment.66.Whatshouldschoolsdotohelptheproblemschoolboys?A.Waitfortheirchangepatiently. B.Trainleadersoftheirpeergroups.C.Stopthedevelopmentofstreetculture. D.Givethemlessonsinaseparatearea.67.Ateacher’sworkismosteffectivewithaschoolboywhenhe.A.iswiththeboyalone B.teachestheboyalessonC.sendstheboyhomeaspunishmeht D.workstogetherwithanotherteacherDFarfromthelandofAntarctica(南极洲),ahugeshelfoficemeetstheocean.Attheundersideoftheshelftherelivesasmallfish,theAntarcticcod.Forfortyyearsscientistshavebeencuriousaboutthatfish.Howdoesitlivewheremostfishwouldfreezetodeath?Itmusthavesomesecret.TheAntarcticisnotacomfortableplacetoworkandresearchhasbeenslow.Nowitseemswehaveananswer.Researchwasbegunbycuttingholesintheiceandcatchingthefish.Scientistsstudiedthefish’sbloodandmeasureditsfreezingpoint.Thefishweretakenfromseawaterthathadatemperatureof-1.88°Candmanytinypiecesof-2.05°C.Thatsmalldifferenceisenoughforthefishtoliveatthefreezingtemperatureoftheice-saltmixture.Thescientists’nextresearchjobwasclear:Findoutwhatinthefish’sbloodkeptitfromfreezing.Theirsearchledtosomereallystrangethingmadeupofaprotein(蛋白质)neverbeforeseeninthebloodofafish.Whenitwasremoved,thebloodfrozeatseawatertemperature.Whenitwasputback,thebloodagainhaditsantifreezequalityandaloweredfreezingpoint.Studyshowedthatitisanunusualkindofprotein.Ithasmanysmallsugarmolecules（分子）heldinspecialpositionswithineachbigproteinmolecule.Becauseofitssugarcontent,itiscalledaglycoprotein.Soithascometobecalledtheantifreezefishglycoprotein,orAFGP.68.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.TheterribleconditionsintheAntarctic.B.Aspecialfishlivinginfreezingwaters.C.TheiceshelfaroundAntarctica.D.ProtectionoftheAntarcticcod.69.WhycantheAntarcticcodliveatthefreezingtemperature?A.Theseawaterhasatemperatureof-1B.itlovestoliveintheice-saltmixtureC.Aspecialproteinkeepsitfromfreezing.D.Itsbloodhasatemperaturelowerthan-2.05°C.70.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph5referto?A.Atypeofice-saltmixture. B.Anewlyfoundprotein.C.Fishblood. D.Sugarmolecule.71.Whatdoes“glyco-”intheunderlinedword“glycoprotein”inthelastparagraphmean?A.sugar B.ice C.blood D.moleculeEIfyourbossasksyoutoworkinMoscowthisyear,he’dbetterofferyoumoremoneytodoso—orevendoublethatdependingonwhereyoulivenow.That’sbecauseMoscowhasjustbeenfoundtobetheworld’smostexpensivecityforthesecondyearinarowbyMercerHumanResourcesConsulting.UsingthecostoflivinginNewYorkasabase,MercerdeterminedMoscowis34.4percentmoreexpensiveincludingthecostofhousing,transportation,food,clothing,householdgoodsandentertainment(娱乐).Atwo-bedroomflatinMoscownowcosts$4,000amonth;aCD$24.83,andaninternationalnewspaper$6.30,accordingtoMercer.Bycomparison,afastfoodmealwithahamburger(汉堡包)isastealat$480.LondontakestheNo.2place,upfromNo.5ayearago,thankstohighercostofhousingandastrongerBritishpoundrelativetothedollar.Mercerestimates(估算)Londonis26percentmoreexpensivethanNewYorkthesedays.FollowingLondoncloselyareSeoulandTokyo,bothofwhichare22percentmoreexpensivethanNewYork,whileNo.5HongKongis19percentmorecostly.AmongNorthAmericancities,NewYorkandLosAngelesarethemostexpensiveandaretheonlytwolistedinthetop50oftheworld’smostexpensivecities.Butbothhavefallensincelastyear’sstudy—NewYorkcamein15th,downfrom10thplace,whileLosAngelesfellto42ndfrom29thplaceayearago.SanFranciscocameinadistantthirdatNo.54,down20placesfromayearearlier.Toronto,meanwhile,isCanada’smostexpensivecitybutfell35placestotake82ndplaceworldwide.InAustralia,SydneyisthepriciestplacetoliveinandNo.21worldwide.72.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“asteal”inParagraph3mean?A.anactofstealing B.somethingdeliciousC.somethingverycheap D.anactofbuying73.Londonhasbecomethesecondmostexpensivecitybecauseof_________A.thehighcostofclothing B.thestrongerpoundagainstthedollarC.itsexpensivetransportation D.thehighpricesoffastfoodmeals74.Whichcityisthethirdmostexpensiveonthelist?A.Tokyo. B.HongKong. C.Moscow. D.Sydney.75.WhichcityhasdroppedmostonthelistinNorthAmerica?A.NewYork. B.LosAngeles. C.SanFrancisco. D.Toronto.第二卷（共35分）第四部分写作（共两节．满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉．在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不要改。（试题内容见答题卡）ItisfiveyearsnowsinceIgraduatefromNo.3HighSchool.LastSaturday,theclassthatIwasonheldaget-together,whichtookusalongtimeprepare.Itwasindeednoteasytogetinthetouchwitheverybodyandsetawelltimeforallofus.Weallenjoyedthispreciousdaygreatly,rememberthetimewespenttogetherandthepeopletheywerefamiliarwith.Itwasapitywhichsomeofuswerenotpresentasthe