2022年天津市河北区高一下学期期中质量检测英语试题

2021-2022学年天津市河北区高一下学期期中质量检测英语试题本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共100分，考试用时90分钟。第I卷1至10页，第I卷11至12页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案徐写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利！第I卷注意事项：1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动。用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2.本卷共60小题，共75分。第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节：单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Standoverthere______you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B.1.—I’msorryImadethissillymistake!—______.Nobodyisperfect.A.Takeyourtime B.Keepitup C.Goforit D.Takeiteasy【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我很抱歉犯了这个愚蠢的错误!——别紧张，没有人是完美的。A.Takeyourtime别急，慢慢来；B.keepitup坚持；C.Goforit加油，努力争取；D.Takeiteasy别紧张，放松。由上下文语境可知，对方因犯了愚蠢错误而道歉，回答时告知对方“没有人是完美的”，是在给对方以安慰，所以“不要紧张，放轻松”符合上下文语意。故选D项。2.Footballhasbecomeoneofthebestwaysforpeopletocommunicate,which______wallsandbringspeopletogetheronandofthefield.A.breaksdown B.breaksup C.breaksout D.breaksinto【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：足球已经成为人们交流的最佳方式之一，它打破了隔阂，将球场内外的人们聚集在一起。A.breaksdown消除，破除；B.breaksup分手、破碎；C.breaksout爆发；D.breaksinto强行进入。足球有助于人们交流，将球场内外的人们聚集在一起，可得出足球帮助打破人们之间的隔阂。故选A项。3.______byfriends’enthusiasticexpressionofaffection,Janetthankedthemall.A.Touch B.Touched C.Touching D.Totouch【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。句意：珍妮特被朋友们热情的表达爱意所感动，向他们表示感谢。本句已有谓语thanked且无连词，动词touch(感动)用非谓语形式，逻辑主语Janet与动词touch是动宾关系，touch用过去分词表被动，作状语。故选B项。4.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,________wegavesomebellsandglasses.A.towhich B.towhom C.withwhom D.withwhich【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句。句意：我们看到几个当地人向我们的聚会走去，其中一个向我们走来，我们给了他一些铃铛和玻璃杯。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“oneofthem”，代指人，“givesth.tosb.”意为“给某人某物”，先行词在从句中作“to”的宾语，故应用“介词to+关系代词whom”引导从句，空格处应填“towhom”。故选B项。5.Itdoesn’tmatter_________youturnrightorleftatthecrossing---bothroadsleadtothepark.A.whether B.how C.if D.when【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：在十字路口，你是向右拐还是向左拐都没有关系——两条路都到公园。分析句子可知，设空处引导主语从句，it做形式主语，从句中不缺少成分，缺少“是否”的意思，并且后面由or，一般和whether连用，故选A。6.—HaveyouknownTomforalongtime?—Yes,sincehe______theEnglishclub.A.joined B.joins C.hasjoined D.hadjoined【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：——你已经认识汤姆很久了吗？——是的，自从他加入英语俱乐部以来。since表示“自从”，引导时间状语从句时，从句应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故选A项。7.I’msorrytohearthatyou’rehavingtrouble______yourEnglishatyournewschool.A.improved B.improve C.toimprove D.improving【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很抱歉听说你在新学校提高英语有困难。havetrouble(in)doingsth.为固定结构，其中介词in可以省略，表示“做某事有困难”，所以空处应用动名词形式作介词in的宾语。故选D项。8.Effortshavebeenmadetopreventthe______ofthepandas,whichmakesthenumberoftheanimalincreasegreatly.A.campaign B.souvenir C.extinction D.amusement【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们一直在努力防止大熊猫灭绝，这使得大熊猫的数量大大增加。A.campaign运动；B.souvenir纪念物；C.extinction灭绝；D.amusement可笑、娱乐。根据“whichmakesthenumberoftheanimalincreasegreatly.”可知，人们一直在努力防止大熊猫灭绝，这使得大熊猫的数量大大增加。故选C项。9.TheBerninaExpress______aroutethatrunsfromEasternSwitzerlandtoNorthernItaly.A.dives B.reduces C.follows D.leads【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：伯尼纳快车沿着从瑞士东部到意大利北部的路线行驶。A.dives潜水；B.reduces减少；C.follows沿着；D.leads领导。结合语意，伯尼纳快车沿着路线行驶，空处应用动词follow，表示“沿着”。故选C项。10.Wewillcontinueto______ourpromises-Imean,youcandependonus.A.getacrossto B.liveupto C.losetrackof D.takecareof【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：我们将继续履行我们的承诺——我的意思是，你可以依赖我们。A.getacrossto让……听懂；B.liveupto履行，不辜负，符合(标准)，不负(盛名)；C.losetrackof失去联系，不了解……的情况；D.takecareof照顾。分析句意可知，该空表示“履行”，应该用短语liveupto。故选B项。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26~45各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。My4-year-oldsonnowenjoyspostingletters.Hehasformedthe___11___ofdrawingpictures,writinghisnameonthem,andthen___12___theartworkinanenvelope.Hetheninsistson___13___hishandworktotheneighbors,andamailboxhe___14___belongstotheelderlycouplewholivenextdoor.Tobe___15___,Ididn’tthinkmuchofit,butIhad___16___towarnmyneighborsofthedrawings___17___appearingintheirletterboxes—Ijustdidn’thavethe___18___todoso,becauseIwasalittlebusyrecently.OnTuesdayoflastweek,IwaswalkingdowntoschooltocollectmysonwhenI___19___Mary,myelderlyneighbor,___20___athermailbox.Shesaid,“Jodie,isityourlittlesonthathasbeenpostingitemsinmyletterboxtome?”Iwasatonce___21___,“Ohyes,Mary,itis.I’msorry.Imeanttotellyou…”Shecutmeoff,“Jodie,Ijustlovehismail.I’ve___22___everyitemhehassent.Youdon’tknowhowmuch___23___thelettershasmademyday.Ijustlovethem.”WhileIwaswalkingdowntoschoolafterour___24___,manythoughtscametome.Marydoesn’thavealottofillherdays,___25___shewasamothertoanumberofchildrenherselfwhoreceivesfairlyregularvisitors.Thesmall___26___ofgettingsomemail—picturesdrawnbythehandofayoungchild—hasbrought___27___toherdays,justasmyvisittomygrandparentsdoes.Ihavedecidedthatmysonshould____28____thispractice.HeshouldalsostartsendingsomeitemstohisgrandparentsinPerthaswell.Itwillmost____29____maketheirday.It’sdoingthelittle,simplethingsthatcanoftenmakeabig___30___insomeone’slife.11.A.habit B.attitude C.style D.form12.A.hiding B.writing C.drawing D.putting13.A.handing B.holding C.posting D.writing14.A.opened B.set C.chose D.saw15.A.kind B.surprised C.careful D.honest16.A.meant B.asked C.hated D.refused17.A.actually B.suddenly C.hardly D.partly18.A.intelligence B.strength C.money D.time19.A.met B.visited C.dated D.called20.A.crying B.lying C.laughing D.standing21.A.humorous B.embarrassed C.confused D.amused22.A.copied B.bought C.kept D.examined23.A.receiving B.writing C.painting D.exchanging24.A.report B.expression C.talk D.discussion25.A.unless B.but C.so D.although26.A.charge B.offer C.act D.help27.A.worth B.happiness C.value D.future28.A.add B.stop C.continue D.form29.A.certainly B.unfortunately C.accidentally D.confidently30.A.point B.difference C.behaviour D.living【答案】11.A12.D13.C14.C15.D16.A17.B18.D19.A20.D21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.C27.B28.C29.A30.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要记叙了作者的儿子把自己画的画寄给了邻居，给她带去了快乐。通过此事，作者认识到，简单的小事也能对一个人的生活产生很大影响。【11题详解】考查名词辨析。A.habit习惯；B.attitude态度；C.style风格；D.form形式。句意：他养成了画画、在上面写上自己的名字，然后把画放在信封里的习惯。formthehabitofdoingsth“养成做某事的习惯”。根据句意，故A选项切题。【12题详解】考查动词辨析。A.hiding躲藏；B.writing写；C.drawing画；D.putting放置。句意：他养成了画画、在上面写上自己的名字，然后把画放在信封里的习惯。Putsthin......“把.....放入....里”。根据句意，故D选项切题。【13题详解】考查动词辨析。A.handing传递；B.holding握住；C.posting邮寄；D.writing写。句意：然后，他坚持把他的手工艺品寄给邻居。由下文“Jodie,isityourlittlesonthathasbeenpostingitemsinmyletterboxtome?”。可知，小男孩把自己的作品邮寄给了隔壁的邻居。故C选项切题。【14题详解】考查动词辨析。A.opened打开；B.set设置；C.chose选择；D.saw看。句意：他选择的邮箱属于住在隔壁的老年夫妇。根据句意，故C选项切题。【15题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.kind善良的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.careful小心的；D.honest诚实的。句意：诚实地说，我并没有多想。根据句意，故D选项切题。【16题详解】考查动词辨析。A.meant想要,意欲;B.asked问；C.hated讨厌；D.refused拒绝。句意：我本想提醒我的邻居那些突然出现在他们信箱里的画。由下文“Imeanttotellyou…”。可知，由于作者没有时间，所以本打算做的事情没有做。故A选项切题。【17题详解】考查副词辨析。A.actually事实上；B.suddenly突然地；C.hardly几乎不；D.partly。句意：我本想提醒我的邻居那些突然出现在他们信箱里的画。由前文可知，小男孩并未事先通知老邻居，所以男孩的母亲想提醒老夫妇那些突然出现在邮箱里的画。故B选项切题。【18题详解】考查名词辨析。A.intelligence智力；B.strength力量；C.money钱；D.time时间。句意：我只是没有时间这样做，因为我最近有点忙。由后文的alittlebusy可知，作者没有时间。故D选项切题。【19题详解】考查动词辨析。A.met遇见；B.visited拜访；C.dated约会；D.called呼唤。句意：上周二我步行去学校接我儿子，这时我遇到了我的老邻居玛丽，她正站在邮箱前。由下文作者与老邻居的对话可知，作者是遇到了老邻居。故A选项切题。【20题详解】考查动词辨析。A.crying哭；B.lying趟；C.laughing笑；D.standing站立。句意：上周二我步行去学校接我儿子，这时我遇到了我的老邻居玛丽，她正站在邮箱前。根据句意，故D选项切题。【21题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.humorous幽默的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.confused困惑的；D.amused愉快的。句意：我立刻感到尴尬。由下文“Ohyes,Mary,itis.I’msorry.”。可知，作者感到很尴尬。故B选项切题。【22题详解】考查动词辨析。A.copied复制；B.bought买；C.kept保持；D.examined检查。句意：我保存了他寄来的每一件物品。由前文的“Ijustlovehismail”。可知，老邻居玛丽喜欢男孩寄来的画，所以保存了他寄来的每一件物品。故C选项切题。【23题详解】考查动词辨析。A.receiving收到；B.writing写；C.painting绘画；D.exchanging交换。句意：你不知道收到这些信件有多让我开心。老妇人开心的原因是收到了很多来自男孩的画。故A选项切题。【24题详解】考查名词辨析。A.report报告；B.expression表达；C.talk谈话；D.discussion讨论。句意：我们谈话结束后，当我走向学校的时候，我想到了很多。由前文作者与老邻居玛丽的对话可知，C选项切题。【25题详解】考查连词辨析。A.unless除非；B.but但是；C.so所以；D.although尽管。句意：尽管她是很多孩子的母亲，孩子们也经常来看望她。但是她的生活不充实。根据句意，故D选项切题。【26题详解】考查名词辨析。A.charge费用；B.offer提供；C.act行动；D.help帮助。句意：得到一些由小孩子亲手手绘的邮寄照片的小举动给她的生活带来了幸福。根据句意，故C选项切题。【27题详解】考查名词辨析。A.worth价值；B.happiness快乐；C.value价值；D.future将来。句意：得到一些由小孩子手绘的邮寄照片的小举动给她的生活带来了幸福。由前文的“Ijustlovethem”。可知，小男孩给老邻居玛丽带来了快乐。故B选项切题。【28题详解】考查动词辨析。A.add增加；B.stop停止；C.continue继续；D.form形成。句意：我决定让儿子继续这样做。由下文HeshouldalsostartsendingsomeitemstohisgrandparentsinPerthaswell。可知，作者决定让儿子继续做下去。故C选项切题。【29题详解】考查副词辨析。A.certainly确定地；B.unfortunately不幸运地；C.accidentally意外地；D.confidently自信地。句意：一定会让使她高兴。小男孩的小小举动已经给老玛丽邻居带来了快乐，作者相信也一定能给小男孩的祖父母带来快乐。故A选项切题。【30题详解】考查名词辨析。A.point点；B.difference不同；C.behaviour行为；D.living生计。句意：简单的事情往往会对某人的生活产生很大的影响。makeadifference“有影响”。根据句意，故B选项切题。【点睛】巧用具体示例线索解题。即根据文章中所提供的具体实例进行分析，将与具体示例有关的信息进行优选，从而便可得出所需答案。通过对“Ohyes,Mary,itis.I’msorry.Imeanttotellyou…”的分析可知，作者在见到了老妇人时表达了歉意，并想把事情向老妇人解释一下。可见，无论是在语气上还是说话的内容上，都可以看出作者是很尴尬的。所以要结合具体实例进行分析获取有效信息，才能使判断更合理准确。第三部分阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADoyoulovemusic?Ifyouareamusiclover,therearesomemusicfestivalsforyoutolearnabout.StrawberryMusicFestivalHeldatthemostbeautifulfairgrounds(露天广场)inCalifornia,StrawberryMusicFestivaltakesovertheNevadaCountyFairgroundseveryMemorialDay(美国阵亡将士纪念日)forfourdaysoffamilyrun.Thispark,whichissetintheSierraNevadafoothills(山麓小丘),offerstheperfectenvironmentforcampingandperformancesbysomeofthetopartists.Thefestivalalsoofferschildren’sprogrammes,workshopsandactivitiesforallages.TreeTownMusicFestivalYoudon’thavetobeintheSouthwestorinTexastoenjoyyourselfinthecountrylifestyle.CountrylivingcanbefoundallovertheUnitedStates.TreeTownMusicFestivalinForestCity,Iowa,isagreatexampleofcountryfunintheMidwest.TreeTownMusicFestivalfeaturescampingandlivemusicfromsomeofthebiggestnamesinmoderncountries.TampaBayIndianMusic&DanceFestivalThisfestivalshowsrespectforthetraditionsofIndiaanditspeople.Food,musicandperformancesaretopattractionsanddisplaytheIndiantraditionproudly.Yogafanscancatcharelaxingpractice.ThisexperienceofIndiancultureisfunforallages.SXSWMusicFestivalTheSXSWMusicFestivalisaworld-widemusiceventtakingplaceeveryMarchinAustin,Texas.EachyeartheSXSWMusicFestivalhostsawonderfulmixofartistsperforminginclubs,parks,hotelsandmoreinAustin,Texas.31.HowlongdosstheStrawberryMusicFestivallast?A.Foraweek B.Forfourdays.C.Forafewhours. D.ForthewholemonthofMarch.32.WhatcanyoudoinForestCity,Iowa?A.Visitartworkshopswithyoukids. B.Tastemanykindsofdeliciousfood.C.Takepartininterestingyogaclasses. D.Havefunexperiencinggreatcountrylife.33.WhatisspecialaboutTampaBayIndianMusic&DanceFestival?A.ItshowsIndianculture. B.Itsthemeisaboutyoga.C.Itissuitableforchildren. D.Itisheldatthefairground.34.WhichofthefestivalsisheldinTexas?A.SXSWMusicFestival. B.TreeTownMusicFestival.C.StrawberryMusicFestival. D.TampaBayIndianMusic&DanceFestival.35.Whichfestivalwillyouattendifyoulikecamping?①StrawberryMusicFestival②TreeTownMusicFestival③TampaBayIndianMusic&DanceFestival④SXSWMusicFestivalA.②③ B.①④ C.①② D.③④【答案】31.B32.D33.A34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个各具特色的音乐节。【31题详解】细节理解题。由StrawberryMusicFestival中的“Heldatthemostbeautifulfairgrounds(露天广场)inCalifornia,StrawberryMusicFestivaltakesovertheNevadaCountyFairgroundseveryMemorialDay(阵亡将士纪念日)forfourdaysoffamilyrun.(草莓音乐节在加利福尼亚州最美丽的游乐场举行，每个阵亡将士纪念日都会在内华达州县游乐场举行为期四天的家庭音乐节)”可知，StrawberryMusicFestival持续四天。故选B项。【32题详解】细节理解题。由TreeTownMusicFestival中的“CountrylivingcanbefoundallovertheUnitedStates.TreeTownMusicFestivalinForestCity,Iowa,isagreatexampleofcountryfunintheMidwest.(乡村生活在美国随处可见。爱荷华州森林城的TreeTownMusicFestival是中西部乡村娱乐的一个很好的例子)”可知，在爱荷华州森林城你能体验美好的乡村生活。故选D项。【33题详解】细节理解题。由TampaBayIndianMusic&DanceFestival中的“ThisfestivalshowsrespectforthetraditionsofIndiaanditspeople.(这个节日表达了对印度及其人民传统的尊重)”和“ThisexperienceofIndiancultureisfunforallages.(这种印度文化体验对所有年龄段的人来说都很有趣)”可知，TampaBayIndianMusic&DanceFestival特别之处在于它展示了印度文化。故选A项。【34题详解】细节理解题。由SXSWMusicFestival中的“TheSXSWMusicFestivalisaworld-widemusiceventtakingplaceeveryMarchinAustin,Texas.(SXSW音乐节是每年三月在得克萨斯州奥斯汀举行的一项全球音乐活动)”可知，得克萨斯州举办SXSWMusicFestival。故选A项。【35题详解】细节理解题。由StrawberryMusicFestival中的“Thispark,whichissetintheSierraNevadafoothills(山麓小丘),offerstheperfectenvironmentforcampingandperformancesbysomeofthetopartists.(该公园位于内华达山脉山麓，为一些顶尖艺术家的露营和表演提供了完美的环境)”和TreeTownMusicFestival中的“TreeTownMusicFestivalfeaturescampingandlivemusicfromsomeofthebiggestnamesinmoderncountries.(TreeTownMusicFestival以露营和现代国家一些知名人士的现场音乐为特色)”可知，如果你喜欢野营，你可以参加StrawberryMusicFestival和TreeTownMusicFestival。故选C项。BOnemorninginJuly2011,ataxisatwanderingoutsidePetcoParkstadiuminSanDiego.AndWadeLeBlanc,abaseballpitcher(投手)forthePadres,climbedin.“Totheairport,please,”hetoldthedriver.LeBlancwasheadedforTucson,Arizona,homeoftheclub’sA-levelbranchorganizationatthetime.He’dbeensentdowntotheminors.Again.Fortheeighthtimeinthreeyears.Itseemedeverythingwasturningdark.“You’reWadeLeBlanc,”thetaxidriversaid.“Right.”“Yougotsomegoodstuff.”Thissurprisedthepitcher,afterthepreviousnight’sdisastrousperformance.“Ithinktherearesomethingsyoushouldthinkabouttrying”thedrivercontinued.“Idon’tknow;I’mnotaplayer.Maybesomethinglikegoingoveryourheadinyourwindup(摆臂动作).”Wait,what?Thisguywasoffering...advice?Earlierinhiscareer,LeBlancmighthavelaughed.Orbeenangry.Buttoday,hejustlistened.Hecouldn’taffordtomissanything.Hiscareerwasontheline.Thenextday,inTucson,LeBlancmethispitchcoach.Hesaidhewasthinkingaboutimprovinghiswindup.Hiscoachagreed.Insteadofkeepinghishandstighttohischestatthebeginningofhisdelivery,LeBlancraisedthembrieflyoverhishead,asthetaxidriverhadsuggested.LeBlancmixedthenewmoveintohisnextstart.Andhewassmart,allowingonlyonehitoversevenperiods.Itwastheturningpointinhiscareer.Eightyearslater,LeBlancisapitcherfortheSeattleMariners.HesignedthefirstcontractextensionofhisMajorLeagueBaseballcareer—atage33.Thefunnythingaboutadvice:wesooftentakeitfromthewrongpeople.Thatis,weovervaluetheadviceofexpertswhileundervaluingtheinputofcommonpeople.WadeLeBlancbucked(反抗)thattrend,andhesucceed.SosometimespeopleneedtodowhatWadeLeBlancdid:hearwhatataxidriverisofferinghimandacceptitasagift.36.HowdidLeBlancfeelwhenhetookthetaxi?A.Bored. B.Excited. C.Surprised. D.Unhappy.37.WhatdidthetaxidriverdowhenLeBlancwasinthetaxi?A.HepraisedLeBlanc’scouch.B.HesaidreallybadwordstoLeBlanc.C.HesharedhispersonalexperiencewithLeBlanc.D.HegavehisopinionsaboutwhatLeBlancmighttry.38.TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph7canbeunderstoodas______.A.HeleftbehindhisteamB.HemovedintohisnewstartC.HewasatriskinhisbaseballcareerD.HegotapromotioninhisMajorLeagueBaseballcareer39.WhatdidLeBlancdowhenhearrivedinTucson?A.Hesaidsorrytohiscoach. B.Hestartedtochangehismoves.C.Hedecidedtogotoanewteam. D.Hethoughtbacktohislastgame.40.Whatdoestheauthormostlywanttoshareinthepassage?A.Don’twastetime. B.Don’tlookdownonanyone.C.Keepmovingandnevergiveup. D.Valueandacceptpeople’sadvicewisely.【答案】36.D37.D38.C39.B40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章用WadeLeBlanc虚心接受出租车司机的建议，改变自己的投球动作最后取得成功的例子，告诉我们：我们往往会高估专冢的建议，而低估普通人的建议，而事实上我们经常会从普通人那里得到非常有用的建议，一个人要想成功，就要虚心接受普通人给的建议。36题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的“He’dbeensentdowntotheminors.Again.Fortheeighthtimeinthreeyears.Itseemedeverythingwasturningdark.(他被送去学辅修课程。再一次。这是三年来的第八次。似乎一切都变暗了)”可知，WadeLeBlanc第八次被送去培训，觉得人生黑暗，可得出他当时心情很不开心。故选D项。【37题详解】细节理解题。由第六段中的““Ithinktherearesomethingsyoushouldthinkabouttrying”thedrivercontinued.“Idon’tknow;I’mnotaplayer.Maybesomethinglikegoingoveryourheadinyourwindup(摆臂动作).”(“我认为有些事情你应该考虑尝试一下，”司机继续说道。“我不知道；我不是一名球员。也许你的摆臂动作要超过你的头。”)”可知，当WadeLeBlanc在出租车上时，出租车司机对WadeLeBlanc可能的尝试发表了自己的看法——摆臂动作要超过头。故选D项。【38题详解】词句猜测题。由第一段中的“He’dbeensentdowntotheminors.Again.Fortheeighthtimeinthreeyears.Itseemedeverythingwasturningdark.(他被送去学辅修课程。再一次。这是三年来的第八次。似乎一切都变暗了)”和第七段中的“Hiscareerwasontheline.”可知，WadeLeBlanc第八次被送去培训，觉得人生黑暗，说明他事业岌岌可危，“Hiscareerwasontheline.”在此处意为“他在棒球生涯中处于危险之中”。故选C项。【39题详解】细节理解题。由第八段中的“Thenextday,inTucson,LeBlancmethispitchcoach.Hesaidhewasthinkingaboutimprovinghiswindup.Hiscoachagreed.Insteadofkeepinghishandstighttohischestatthebeginningofhisdelivery,LeBlancraisedthembrieflyoverhishead,asthetaxidriverhadsuggested.(第二天，LeBlanc在Tucson会见了他的球场教练。他说，他正在考虑改善他的摆臂动作。他的教练同意了。正如出租车司机所建议的那样，LeBlanc没有在投球开始时双手紧握胸口，而是将双手举过头顶)”可知，当LeBlanc到达Tucson时，他开始按照出租车司机建议的那样改变动作。故选B项。【40题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“SosometimespeopleneedtodowhatWadeLeBlancdid:hearwhatataxidriverisofferinghimandacceptitasagift.(因此，有时人们需要像WadeLeBlanc那样做：听听出租车司机给他的建议，并把它作为礼物接受)”可知，WadeLeBlanc的成功在于他虚心接受普通人给的建议，可得出作者希望读者明智地重视和接受人们的建议。故选D项。CImprovingmemoryisimportanttosuccessinstudying.Butisthereanythingthatwecandoaboutit?Onesolutionmightbewalkingbackwards.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedintheJournalofCognition,walkingbackwards,whetherdoingitreallyorjustimaginingitcanimprovethebrainpowerintheshortterm.Inthestudy,114volunteerswereaskedtowatchavideoinwhichawomanhadherbagstolen.Thentheyanswered20questionsabouttheinformationshowninthevideo.Tenminutesafterwatchingthevideo,thevolunteersweredividedintothreegroups.Thefirsttwogroupsweretoldtomoveforwardsorbackwards10meterswhilethethirdgroupwasaskedtostaystillonthesamepoint.Theresearchersfoundthatthebackwardswalkinggroupgottwomorecorrectanswersonaveragethantheothertwogroups.Thissuggeststhatarelationshipbetweentheconceptsoftimeandspaceisimportanttothewayourmindsformmemories,Whenwewalkbackwards,everythingwelearnbecomesstrangetous.“Thisforcesthebraintothinkinadifferentway,”USscientistChristineWebertoldForbes.Italmostalwaysmeansthatourbrainneedstobemoreactiveinthelimitedtime.Naturally,ourshort-termmemorywillbeimprovedgreatly.Besidesimprovingourmemory,walkingbackwardsalsoplaysanimportantroleinphysicalhealth,especiallyfitness.Anotherstudyfoundthatwalkingbackwardsputslessstrain(压力)andrequiresasmallerrangeofmovementsfromthekneejoints(膝关节).Thus,there’slesspressureandpainintheknees.Inaddition,walkingbackwards,comparedtowalkingforwards,ismorechallenging.Itrequiresyoutousemusclesandmovementsthatyouprobablyseldomuse,makingitaprefectwaytochangeyourexerciseroutineforgreaterfitnessgains.Meanwhile,bymakingpeopleputinextraeffort,itnaturallybumsmorefatandcalories.41.Whichgroupofpeopleperformedbestinthememorytest?A.Thestayingsillgroup. B.Theforward-walkinggroup.C.Theimaginary-walkinggroup. D.Thebackwardwalkinggroup.42.Whatdoweknowaboutbackwardswalking?A.Itlimitsourthinkingtime.B.Itfollowsourexerciseroutine.C.Itcanincreasetheactivitiesofourbrain.D.Itdirectsourfocustoimportantinformation.43Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingParagraph3?A.Toaddanotherpointofthetopic. B.Toexplaintheresultoftheresearch.C.Topresentthemainideaofthepassage. D.Toprovidesomebackgroundinformation.44.Inwhatwaydoeswalkingbackwardsimprovepeople’shealth?A.Itcanmakepeople8jointsstronger. B.Itcanmakepeoplemoreenergetic.C.Itcankeeppeopleingoodshape. D.Itcanreducepeople’sstress.45.Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A.Anewsreview. B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Asciencetextbook. D.Aneducationalreport.【答案】41.D42.C43.B44.C45.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了向后走可以在短期内提高记忆力，并对人的身体健康有益。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theresearchersfoundthatthebackwardswalkinggroupgottwomorecorrectanswersonaveragethantheothertwogroups.(研究人员发现，向后行走组平均比其他两组多得到两个正确答案。)”可知，向后行走组平均比其他两组多得到两个正确答案，在记忆测试中表现最好。故选D项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenwewalkbackwards,everythingwelearnbecomesstrangetous.“Thisforcesthebraintothinkinadifferentway,”USscientistChristineWebertoldForbes.Italmostalwaysmeansthatourbrainneedstobemoreactiveinthelimitedtime.(当我们向后走时，我们所学的一切对我们来说都变得陌生。“这迫使大脑以不同的方式思考，”美国科学家克里斯蒂娜·韦伯告诉《福布斯》。这几乎总是意味着我们的大脑需要在有限的时间内更加活跃。)”可知，向后行走会使我们的大脑在有限的时间内更加活跃，会增加我们大脑的活跃度。故选C项。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Italmostalwaysmeansthatourbrainneedstobemoreactiveinthelimitedtime.Naturally,ourshort-termmemorywillbeimprovedgreatly.(这几乎总是意味着我们的大脑需要在有限的时间内更加活跃。自然而然地，我们的短期记忆会大大提高。)”可知，本段描述了研究之后发现，向后行走会为人们带来益处，所以作者写作本段是为了解释研究结果。故选B项。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Besidesimprovingourmemory,walkingbackwardsalsoplaysanimportantroleinphysicalhealth,especiallyfitness.Anotherstudyfoundthatwalkingbackwardsputslessstrainandrequiresasmallerrangeofmovementsfromthekneejoints.Thus,there’slesspressureandpainintheknees.(除了提高我们的记忆力外，向后走对身体健康，尤其是健身也起着重要作用。另一项研究发现，向后行走带来的压力较小，需要膝关节进行的运动范围较小。因此，膝盖的压力和疼痛会减少。)”可知，向后行走可以减少膝盖的压力和疼痛，会让人们保持良好的状态，以改善人们的健康。故选C项。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“AccordingtoanewstudypublishedintheJournalofCognition,walkingbackwards,whetherdoingitreallyorjustimaginingitcanimprovethebrainpowerintheshortterm.(根据发表在《认知杂志》上的一项新研究，倒退行走，无论是真的去做还是想象这样做，都可以在短期内提高脑力。)”以及第四段“Besidesimprovingourmemory,walkingbackwardsalsoplaysanimportantroleinphysicalhealth,especiallyfitness.(除了提高我们的记忆力外，向后走对身体健康，尤其是健身也起着重要作用。)”可知，文章主要介绍了向后走可以在短期内提高记忆力，并对人的身体健康有益，推测文章可能来自健康杂志。故选B项。第II卷注意事项：1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。2.本卷共6小题，共25分。第四部分写作（共两节，满分25分）第一节：阅读表达（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Itwasthespringof2016,and17-year-oldBeatriceDeLavalettewaswaitingforaflightwhenshegothitbytheexplosionatBrusselsairport.Alongwithseriousburnsandaspinalcord(脊髓)injury,DeLavalettelostbothlegsbelowtheknee.Theeventdestroyedherdreamofdressage(花样骑术).Shebeganridingatage3andby12,she’dtakenupdressage.RidingisapassionnotonlyforDeLavalettebutforherfamilyaswell.Unsurprisingly,DeLaavlettewasdisappointedasshetriedtocometoterms(达成协议)withherinjuries,Sheadmittedtocryingalotinthehospitaluntilanunexpectedvisitorturnedthingsaroundforher.“Mymomhadfiguredoutawaytogettothehospitalparkinglot.IwentoutsideintherainandasIgotcloser,DeeDeecametowardsmeandputherheadagainstmychest.ThatmomentmademedecidethatIwasn’tgoingtogiveuplife.ThereasonwhyI’vegottentothislevelofrecoveryismyhorse,”DeLavalettesaid.Gettingbackinthesaddle(马鞍)wasatoughthingconsideringherinjuries.“Ihadnomuscle,Iwasjustskinandbones,sobeingbackinthesaddlewithnosenseofbalancewasreallyuncomfortable.”DeLavalettesaid.Butshewasdeterminedtodosoassoonasshewasableto.Ithastakencontinuoushardworkforhertoadjusttoherbody’snewnormal.Ashereffortsbegantopayoff,theParalympicsseemedtheperfectwaytoshowherhard-earnedskills.AftermakingherfirstappearanceaspartoftheU.S.Para-Dressageteam,DeLavaletteappearedatthe2020ParalympicsinTokyo.DeLavalettesays,“Ican’tchangewhathappened,butIcansucceedinbeingme.What’simportantisthatI’maliveandIfeelthatIwilldosomethinggreatwithmylife.”46.WhathappenedtoDeLavalettewhenshewaitedatBrusselsairport?(nomorethan10words)47.WhoplayedanimportantroleinDeLavalette’srecovery?(nomorethan5words)48.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph4mean?(1word)49.What’sthemainideaofParagraph5?(nomorethan15words)50Whatinspirationdoyougetfromthestory?Pleaseexplain.(nomorethan25words)【答案】46.Shegothitbytheexplosionandlostbothlegs./Shemetwiththeexplosionandwasinjuredseriously.47.Herhorse(DeeDee).48.Difficult./Hard.49.ShetookpartintheParalympicsandhereffortspaidoff.50.Attitudemakesadifference.Becausewecan’tchangewhathappened,butwecanstillachieveourdreams.【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了BeatriceDeLavalette17岁时在爆炸中受伤，但在她心爱的马的陪伴下渐渐好转，后来通过自己的勇气与努力，她实现了自己花样骑术的梦想。【46题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Itwasthespringof2016,and17-year-oldBeatriceDeLavalettewaswaitingforaflightwhenshegothitbytheexplosionatBrusselsairport.Alongwithseriousburnsandaspinalcordinjury,DeLavalettelostbothlegsbelowtheknee.（那是2016年的春天，17岁的比阿特丽斯·德·拉瓦莱特在布鲁塞尔机场等待航班时被爆炸击中。由于严重烧伤和脊髓损伤，DeLavalette失去了膝盖以下的双腿。）”可知，DeLavalette被爆炸击中，因受伤严重而失去了双腿，故答案为Shegothitbytheexplosionandlostbothlegs./Shemetwiththeexplosionandwasinjuredseriously.【47题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第三段““Mymomhadfiguredoutawaytogettothehospitalparkinglot.IwentoutsideintherainandasIgotcloser,DeeDeecametowardsmeandputherheadagainstmychest.ThatmomentmademedecidethatIwasn’tgoingtogiveuplife.ThereasonwhyI’vegottentothislevelofrecoveryismyhorse,”DeLavalettesaid.（“我妈妈找到了一条去医院停车场的路。我冒着雨走到外面，当我走近时，DeeDee向我走来，把头靠在我的胸口上。那一刻让我决定我不会放弃生命。我能恢复到这个水平的原因是我的马，”DeLavalette说。）”可知，在DeLavalette的康复过程中，她的马发挥了重要作用，故答案为Herhorse(DeeDee).【48题详解】考查词义猜测。根据文章第四段“Gettingbackinthesaddlewasatoughthingconsideringherinjuries.“Ihadnomuscle,Iwasjustskinandbones,sobeingbackinthesaddlewithnosenseofbalancewasreallyuncomfortable.”DeLavalettesaid.（考虑到她的伤势，重新开始是件tough的事情。“我没有肌肉，瘦得皮包骨，所以回到马鞍上，没有平衡感，真的很不舒服。”DeLavalette说。）”以及“Ithastakencontinuoushardworkforhertoadjusttoherbody’snewnormal.（她经过不断的努力才适