新教材2024版高中英语Unit2LessonsinlifeSectionⅣWriting-如何写概要写作学生用书外研版选择性必修第四册

SectionⅣWriting——如何写概要写作PartⅠ文体感知Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解1．SkimthesummaryofTheBlueBirdandyou'llfindthatthefirstparagraphintroducesthemain________，________and________oftheplay.2．Thecentralideaoftheplayisthathappinessistobefoundnotin________suchaswealth,butinsimplethingsthatarefoundin________，andinactsof________and________．Ⅱ.文本剖析：特色表达TitleandauthoroftheplayTheBlueBird;MauriceMaeterlinckMaincharacter(s)________&________StartoftheplayThey________onadangerousjourneyinsearchoftheBlueBird.ClimaxTyltyldiscoversthebluebirdhasbeenthereinhishomeallthetime.ConclusionThebird________，andTyltylaskstheaudiencetosearchforit.Ⅲ.学问点1setoff(1)动身，动身(2)使爆炸(3)引发，激起❶Theysetoffbeforedawn.他们黎明前就动身了。❷IwillsetoffforBeijingtomorrow.我明天将动身去北京。❸Thechildrengatheredinthegardentosetofffireworks.孩子们聚集在花园里放烟花。❹Newsthattheclaimmightbetruesetoffwidespreadpanic.这一说法可能属实的消息引起了普遍的恐慌。setaside暂不考虑；省出，留出setdown写下，登记setup建立，创立；建起，竖起setout动身，动身；陈述，阐明setaboutdoing＝setouttodo着手做[即学即练]写出下列句中setoff的含义①I'llsetoffearlytoavoidthetraffic.____________②Theletterfromhisparentssetoffasenseofhomesickness.____________③BoyslikesettingofffireworksduringtheSpringFestival.____________2本部分重要短语：①insearchof找寻②intheend最终，最终③tothepoint简明恰当，中肯(教材原句)Asthechildrenofapoorwoodcutter,theyaresecretlyobservingapartyatthehomeoftheirwealthylandlordswhenafairyappears.作为一个贫困樵夫的孩子，当一个仙女出现时，他们正在富有的地主家里隐私地办一个聚会。bedoing...when...句式，意为“正在做某事……，突然……”，一般强调意料之外的状况。类似句式有：beabouttodo...when.../beonthepointofdoing...when...刚要做……，突然……hadjustdone...when...刚刚做完……，突然……beonone'sway(to)．..when...(去)……途中，突然……behalfway(to)…when...……做了一半时，突然……❶IwasdrivingdowntoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.我正往伦敦开，突然发觉走错路了。❷Jackwasworkinginthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.杰克正在试验室里工作时，突然停电了。❸Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.我们刚要动身，突然就起先下雨了。[语境助记]Shewasonthepointofclosingthedoorwhenoneofherclassmatescalledhername,outofbreath.她刚要关上门，突然她的一个同学气喘吁吁地叫她。[即学活用]单句语法填空①Lucywaswalkinginthestreet________adogdashedtoher.②Hewasabout________(dive)whenhesawashark.③Hewasonthepointof________(give)upwhenhismotherencouragedhim.④They________(do)achemistryexperimentwhentheirclothescaughtfire.PartⅡWritingasummary概要写作是对阅读理解和写作的综合考查，须要学生在正确理解文章的基础上，在不变更原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用精简的语句高度概括文章的主要内容和观点。考试中的概要写作一般供应一篇350词左右的短文，以说明文和争论文为主，要求学生依据短文写出一篇60词左右的概要。1．写作步骤(1)细致阅读并理解文章大意；(2)从宏观角度抓住主题句，忽视次要信息；(3)运用自己的语言高度概括文章，形成全文的概要。2．写作中语言表达的留意事项(1)精确运用词汇和语法结构：奇异运用英语中常用的高分表达，如定语从句、强调句、非谓语动词等。(2)有效运用逻辑关系词，保证上下文的连贯性。常见的逻辑词有：并列关系：and,or,also,too,aswell(也)，both...,and...,either...or...(或者……或者……)等递进关系：what'smore(而且)，besides(除此以外)，inaddition(此外)，furthermore/moreover(再者)，notonly...butalso...(不但……而且……)等转折关系：but,however,though等先后依次关系：first,second,firstofall,tobeginwith,finally,lastbutnotleast等因果关系：because,becauseof,owingto(因为)，dueto(由于)，asaresultof(由于)，therefore,consequently(结果)，asaresult(结果)，thus/therefore(因此)等归纳总结：onthewhole(总体来说)，inaword/inconclusion/insummary/inshort(总之)等(3)保证语言表达的独立性，学会通过同义转换、句子重构等方法用自己的语言概括原文的主题句。例如：atsunamithatcrashedintothecoastsofAsia中crashedinto可以换成hitgovernmentofficialssaid中said可以换成statedIhavelookedformymissingdictionaryeverywhere.中missing可以换成lostThenumberofdeathsisexpectedtogrowevenhigher.中isexpected可以换成ispredictedkillingmorethan6，500people可以改写成withmorethan6，500peoplekilledHowever,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadsmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.可以改写成However,itisdifficulttodeliverfoodandsuppliesbecauseof/owingto/duetodangerousconditionsanddamagedroads.典题演练阅读下面短文，依据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Scientistssayahugepercentageofbirdspeciesareindangerbecausetheirhabitats,orhomelands,aredisappearing.Traditionalmigrationpathstakebirdsthroughcountriesthatarenotprotectinglocationstostop,restandfeed.Thescientistsstudiedthemigration,orfight,paths,ofalmost1，500species.Thedecidedthat91percentofthempassedthroughdangerousareas.Themajordangerformigratorybirdsisdevelopment.Buildingandpavinghavecoveredovernaturewherebirdsstopandfeedasthemovefromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Forexample,abirdcalledthebar­tailedgodwitmigratesfromitsbreedinggroundsintheArctic.ItfliesallthewaytothesouthernhemisphereinAustraliaandNewZealand.Alongtheway,thesmallbirdsstopatYellowSeamudflatsinChina,Korea.Oneofthescientistsworkingonthestudysays“manyofthesecriticalsiteshavebeenlosttolandreclamation(开垦)owingtourban,industrialandagriculturalexpansion.”Theproblem,accordingtoinvestigators,isthatmanyofthesesmallbirdsdiealongtheirmigrationbecausetheydon'thaveasafeplacetoeatandrest.Thereisnoplacetorestoretheirenergyforthenextlegoftheirjourney.“Theysimplyperish(死亡)alongtheway，”saysoneofthescientists.CountriesinNorthAfrica,CentralAsiaandthosealongthecoastsofEastAsiaarehavingthemostdifficulttimeconservingland.Thescientistssaythesecountriesdonothaveenoughareasthataresafeforbirds.Theresearcherssaycountriesneedtoworktogetherandprovidesafestopoverareasforbirdsthatpassthroughtheirboundaries.Forexample,onecountrymighthavepreservedsafezonesformigratingbirds.Butaneighborcountrymightnot.Abirdmightperish.OnescientisttellstheLosAngelesTimesthatwhilesomehabitatsarechanging,moreworkcanbedonetomakeurbanareassafeforbirds.Hesayssmallchanges—likeplantingmorenativeplantsorkeepingcatsoutofareasbirdswouldbelikelytouse—couldmakeabigdifference.一、读懂原文，归纳大意本文是一篇说明文，是典型的“总—分—总”的结构，即提出问题—分析问题—解决问题，结构明确，要点清楚。科学家指出世界上大部分的鸟类的生存受到威逼。最大的威逼来自人类的经济发展。呼吁世界各国加强合作，为过境的鸟儿供应平安的栖息地，改善现状。二、定位主题句，抓关键信息Para.1：Scientistssayahugepercentageofbirdspeciesareindangerbecausetheirhabitats,orhomelands,aredisappearing.Para.2：Themajordangerformigratorybirdsisdevelopment.Para.3:Theproblem,accordingtoinvestigators,isthatmanyofthesesmallbirdsdiealongtheirmigrationbecausetheydon'thaveasafeplacetoeatandrest.Para.4：Theresearcherssaycountriesneedtoworktogetherandprovidesafestopoverareasforbirdsthatpassthroughtheirboundaries.和Smallchanges...couldmakeabigdifference.三、整理要点，转换表达要点1第一段主题句中的birdspeciesareindanger可改为endangeredbirdspecies;becausetheirhabitats,orhomelands,aredisappearing可改为短语duetothedisappearanceoftheirhabitatsorhomelands。要点2其次段主题句中的Themajordangerformigratorybirdsisdevelopment.可用另一种结构和表达方式，比如：Developmentaccountsfor/istoblameforthemajordangerofmigratorybirds.要点3第三段主题句中的becausetheydon'thaveasafeplacetoeatandrest可整合为forthelackofasafeeatingandrestingplace。要点4第四段主题句中的needtoworktogether可用makejointefforts来替换；smallchanges可改为alittlekindness，makeabigdifference可改为contributealot。四、连接过渡，检查抄写_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________