【完整版课件】UNIT7PARTFWRITINGWORKSHOPVIEWING（备课件）高一英语系列（北师大版2019选择性必修第三册）

PartF

WritingWorkshop,Viewing

Workshop&ReadingClub【学习目标】课时词汇evidence,committed,applicant,advertise,demand,respectfully,contact,equal,option常用短语inaddition,cometo典型句式“连词＋现在分词”构成状语从句的省略双基夯实·课前排查Ⅰ.核心单词练习：请根据所给英语单词和词性写出汉意或根据汉意和词性写出正确单词1．part-timeadj.________________2．photographern.________________3．columnn.________________4．applicantn.________________5．enclosevt.________________6．________________n.新闻工作者，新闻记者7．________________adj.年老的，渐老的8．________________n.地区，区域9．________________n.视力10．________________adv.恭敬地，有礼貌地部分时间的，兼职的摄影师专栏，支柱，圆柱申请人随信附上；将……围起来journalistelderlydistrictvisionrespectfullyⅡ.根据下面所给单词，写出对应的派生词1．applyv．申请，应用→____________n．申请→____________n．申请人2．journaln．杂志，报刊→____________n.新闻工作者，记者3．eldern．长者，长辈

adj.年纪较长的→____________adj.年老的，渐老的4．photographv．拍照→____________n．摄影者5．essencen．本质，实质→____________adj.最基本的，最重要的6．likelyadj.可能的→____________n．可能性；可能→____________adj.不可能的applicationapplicantjournalistelderlyphotographeressentiallikelihoodunlikely课前预读·自修自研[词语积累]①applyfor申请applyforaposition申请职位②enclose/ɪn'kləʊz/vt.随信附上；将……围起来③journalist/'dʒɜːnəlɪst/n.新闻工作者，新闻记者④acommittedperson一个信守承诺的人⑤participatein参加⑥elderly/'eldəli/adj.年老的，渐老的theelderly老年人⑦district/'dɪstrɪkt/n.地区，区域⑧inaddition除此之外inadditionto除……以外(接宾语)ADearMrCowle，Iamwritingtoapplyfor①apositionatStudent

Post,whichIsawadvertisedintheschoolnewspaperlastweek

【1】.Iwouldbeinterestedintheroleofreporterforlocalevents.Ienclose②acopyofmyCV.【1】which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词position，在从句中作saw的宾语。Iam17yearsoldandIaminmysecondyearatNo.5SeniorSecondarySchool.IwouldliketoworkforyoubecauseIamveryinterestedinbecomingajournalist③.Iwouldalsoliketolearnmoreaboutthethingsthataregoingoninthecity,asIfeelthatitisimportanttoknowaboutthecitywelivein

【2】．【2】句中第一个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词things;as引导原因状语从句；第二个that引导宾语从句。Iamahard-workingandcommittedperson④.Ihaveparticipatedin⑤avolunteerprogramme,visitingelderly⑥peopleinmyareaforthelastthreeyears

【3】.Moreover,IfeelthatIcangetonwellwithpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundssinceIhaveworkedwithlotsofdifferentpeopleonmanyprojectsforlocalevents

【4】．【3】visitingelderlypeopleinmyareaforthelastthreeyears是现在分词短语作伴随状语。【4】句中that引导宾语从句，since引导原因状语从句。IthinkIhavethelanguageskillstobeagoodreporter.IhavealwaysbeengoodatwritingandIhavereadmanynovels.Lastyear,IwonsecondprizeinourDistrict⑦WritingCompetition.Inaddition⑧，

Iamalsoagoodphotographer,whichmightbeusefulforsomeofthearticles

【5】．【5】which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容。Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.Yourssincerely，LiMeiling亲爱的考尔先生：上周我在学校报纸上看到《学生邮报》的招聘广告，我写信想申请一个职位。我对担任本地新闻记者感兴趣。随信附上(enclose)本人简历一份。我今年17岁，在第五中学二年级上学。我想为你效劳，因为我对成为一名记者(journalist)很感兴趣。我还想多了解一下这个城市正在发生的事情，因为我觉得了解我们生活的城市很重要。我是一个工作努力、信守承诺的人。过去三年，我参与了一个义工项目，探访了我居住地区的老(elderly)人。此外，我觉得我能与来自不同背景的人相处得很好，因为我与许多不同的人在许多地方活动的项目上合作过。我认为我有成为一名优秀的记者的语言能力。我一向擅长写作，并且读过很多小说。去年，我在我们的区(district)作文比赛中获得了二等奖。此外，我也是一个很好的摄影师，这可能对其中一些文章有用。我期待着你的消息。你真诚的，李美龄[词语积累]①fieldn．[C]领域；田，地；运动场；场地inthefieldofscientificresearch在科研领域intheITfield在IT领域afieldofwheat麦田onthefieldofbattle在战场上②flexible/'fleksəbl/adj.灵活的，可变动的；柔韧的，可弯曲的flexibility/ˌfleksə'bɪləti/n.[U]灵活性；弹性，柔韧性Peopleenteringthejobmarkettodaymustbefarmoreflexible.现在进入就业市场的人必须要非常灵活。③meetnewrequirements满足新的要求/需要meet/satisfyone'sneeds/demands/requirements满足某人的需要/要求④aspect/'æspekt/n.[C]方面，层面；[sing.，U]外观，外表Hehasmadeprogressinallaspects.他在各个方面都有进步。⑤haveagoodsenseofjudgement有良好的判断力⑥virtually/'vɜːtʃuəli/adv.事实上，实际上，几乎，差不多；虚拟virtual/'vɜːtʃuəl/adj.实际上的，实质上的⑦distract/dɪ'stækt/vt.转移，分散，使分心distracted/dɪ'stræktɪd/adj.注意力分散的，思想不集中的distraction/dɪ'strækʃn/n.[C，U]分散注意力的事物，使人分心的事物⑧eyecontact目光接触⑨thinktooneself盘算，心中想thinkforoneself独立思考thinkofoneself考虑到自己；为自己着想⑩lookotherpeopleintheeye看着别人的眼睛looksb.intheeye直视某人looksb.upanddown上下打量某人⑪thekeytodoing...做……的关键[注意]其中to是介词，后面接名词、代词或v.-ing。⑫connection/kə'nekʃn/n.[C](两种事实、观念等的)联系；关联；[C，U]联结，接通，连接inconnectionwith与……有关⑬haveaclearvision(of...)(对……)有明确的目标；有清晰的视野/愿景/远见vision/'vɪʒn/n.[U]视力，视野；想象力，眼力，远见卓识⑭standfor主张，支持；代表；容忍⑮unite/ju'naɪt/vi.(为某事)联合，联手，团结；vi.&vt.(与某人或集体)联结，联合，统一Theyunitetoformanewcompany.他们联合组成一个新公司。⑯respectfully/rɪ'spektfəli/adv.恭敬地；(正式信函的信末套语)敬上respectful/rɪ'spektfl/adj.表示敬意的，尊敬的BPerhaps,youareasmartpersonwithgoodknowledgeandcreativeideas,butwhenyoumovetoanewenvironmentorhavetoworkwithsomenewpeople,itisnotalwayseasyforthemtorecogniseyouorrespectyouimmediately.Howcanyougetalongwithothers?Howcanyougetotherpeopletopayattentiontoyouandrespectyou?Becuriousandbewillingtolearnnewthings,knowledgeandskills.Movingtoanewworkingenvironment，youmayneedtodealwiththingsthatdon'tbelongtoyourownfield①.Insuchacase,peoplewhoaremorewillingtolearnnewthingscanbecomemoreflexible②andbeabletomeetnewrequirements③intheirjob.Haveagoodsenseofjudgementonimportantaspects④.Learningorworkinginanewenvironment,youneedtohaveagoodsenseofjudgement⑤whenjoiningadiscussionormakingadecision.Youshouldconsiderwhatisvirtually⑥right,andlookforlongtermgoals,andnotbedistracted⑦bysmallchoicesfortheshortterm.Beconfidentandmakeeyecontact⑧whentalkingtopeople.Whenyougooutandmeetpeople,itisimportanttolookconfident.Forexample,ifyouaregoingtoaninterview,butyoudon'tfeelconfident,whatcanyoudo?Beforeyouwalkin,thinktoyourself⑨，

“Iowntheroom.”Then，walkinholdingyourheadhighandsmile.RemembertolookotherpeopleintheeyeB10—it'sthekeyto⑪creatingaconnection⑫withpeople.Soon,youwillfeelasconfidentasyoulook.Setcleargoalsandlearn.Whenworkingtogetherwithothers,itisimportantthatyouhaveaclearvision⑬andaworkingplantoachieveit.Letpeopleknowwhatyoustandfor⑭.Youneedtofindoutwhichideascanreallyunite⑮peopleandthenexpressthoseideasclearly.Also,treatyourteammembersrespectfully⑯asequals.Behelpfultoothers.Whenworking,don'tfocusonwhatisyourworkandwhatisn't.Afterdoingyourownwork,alwaysbereadytohelpothers.也许，你是一个有着良好学识和创意理念的聪明人，但当你换到一个全新的环境中或不得不与一些生人一起工作，让他们立即认可或尊重你总是不容易的。如何与他人和睦相处？怎样才能让别人注意你、尊重你呢？要有好奇心，乐于学习新事物、新知识和新技能。进入新的工作环境，你可能需要处理一些不属于自己领域的事情。在这种情况下，更愿意学习新事物的人会变得更灵活，能满足工作中的新要求。在重要方面要有良好的判断力。在一个新的环境中学习或工作，你需要在参与讨论或做决定时有良好的判断力。你应该考虑什么是真正正确的，并寻找长期目标，而不是被短期的小选择分散了注意力。与人交谈时要自信，要有眼神交流。当你出去见别人时，看起来有自信很重要。例如，如果你要去面试，但感觉不自信，你该怎么办？走进去之前，你就这样想：“我是这个房间的主人。”然后，昂首微笑地走进去。记住要看着别人的眼睛——这是与人建立联系的关键。很快，你就会像看起那样自信。设定明确的目标并去学习。当与他人一起工作时，有清晰的愿景和实现它的工作计划是很重要的。让人们知道你的立场。你需要知道能够真正把人们团结起来的想法，然后清晰地表达出来。同时，也要平等地对待、尊重你的团队成员们。乐于助人。工作时，不要关注哪些是你的工作而哪些不是。做完自己的工作后，要随时准备帮助他人。[词语积累]①thestandardworkingday标准工作日②nightshift夜班③furthermoreadv.此外，而且，再者(＝besides/moreover/inaddition)④transportationoptions交通方式的选择transportation/ˌtrænspɔː'teɪʃn/n.[U]交通运输系统；交通车辆，运输工具；运输，运送thetransportationindustry运输业publictransportation公共交通运输系统option/'ɒpʃn/n.[C，U]可选择的事物，选择，选择权，选择的自由；[C](计算机的)选项，选择；选修课optionofdoingsth./todosth.做某事的选择⑤anywayadv.(转换话题、结束谈话或回到原话题时说)无论如何，反正⑥telescope/'telɪskəʊp/n.[C]望远镜⑦astro-photographer/ˌæstrəʊfə'tɒɡrəfə/n.[C]天文/天体摄影师⑧laptopn．[C]便携式电脑；笔记本电脑desktopn．[C]台式电脑⑨awakeadj.醒着的

vt.&vi.唤起；(使)醒来[注意]“theonlypeopleawake”中awake是形容词作后置定语。⑩extra/'ekstrə/adv.额外，另外，外加adj.额外的，附加的；特别的n．[C]额外的事物⑪pregnant/'preɡnənt/adj.怀孕的；饱含⑫aroundadv.在……附近⑬adegreeinliterature文学学位literature/'lɪtrətʃə(r)/n.[U]文学；文献⑭distancelearning远程学习⑮coursebookn．[C]教科书，课本⑯callcentren．[C]电话服务中心⑰timedifference时差⑱depressing/dɪ'presɪŋ/adj.令人沮丧的，令人抑郁的，令人消沉的depressvt.使沮丧；使萧条depressedadj.沮丧的；不景气的，萧条的depressionn．[U]抑郁症；[C，U]沮丧，消沉；不景气C9am－5pm:thestandardworkingday①formostpeople.However,forotherpeople,it'sbedtime.Thesepeoplearethenightworkers—nursesonnightshift②，

lorrydriverscrossingcontinentsandbakerspreparingbreakfastbread.Whiletheremaybesomeadvantagestoworkatthistime,workingatnightalsobringsparticularproblems:familylifeisdifficultandsociallifeislimited.Furthermore③，

cafésandrestaurantsareclosed.Therearefewtransportationoptions④andit'sbadforhealth.Withalltheseproblems,whowouldchoosetoworkonthenightshiftanyway⑤，

andaretheyplanningtostayintheirjobs?“I

work

at

night

because

I'm

fascinated

by

the

stars,and

I

have

been

since

I

was

a

little

boy.I'm

happiest

when

I'm

looking

down

my

telescope⑥.The

stars

are

amazing,and

it's

great

taking

pictures

of

them.Honestly,I'm

never

going

to

change

my

job—I'm

going

to

be

an

astro-photographer⑦

for

life.Of

course,my

social

life

is

poor,but

I

think

I've

found

a

solution

to

this

problem.I'm

going

to

bring

my

laptop⑧

to

work

and

join

a

chat

room

online.I'm

hoping

to

make

friends

with

people

abroad.They're

the

only

people

awake⑨

when

I'm

working！”RobertMoore“My

work

involves

repairing

the

railway

tracks,so

we

have

to

work

at

night

because

they

can't

stop

the

trains

during

the

day.It's

not

so

bad.Our

team

spirit

is

great,and

we

get

paid

extra⑩.However,I'm

going

to

leave

this

job

soon.It's

tiring

and

I

have

to

find

a

normal

job

because

my

wife's

pregnant⑪

and

I

want

to

be

around⑫

in

the

evenings

to

support

her

and

my

baby.I

haven't

found

a

new

job

yet,but

I'm

hoping

to

be

a

builder.It's

hard

work,but

no

more

nights！”TonyBaggi“When

I

came

to

this

country,the

only

work

I

could

find

was

as

a

night

security

guard.This

job

is

boring

because

it's

so

quiet,but

I've

decided

to

turn

this

problem

into

an

advantage.Next

month,I'm

going

to

start

a

degree

in

literature⑬

by

distance

learning⑭.I'm

going

to

read

my

course

books⑮

during

the

long

quiet

nights!

I

don't

want

to

be

a

security

guard

all

my

life.I'd

like

to

be

a

teacher.I'm

going

to

apply

for

a

teacher-training

course

when

I

finish

my

degree.What

I'd

really

like

to

do

is

working

with

high

school

students

and

helping

them

with

their

future.”JohnMillar“I

work

in

a

call

centre⑯

in

India,but

I

answer

calls

from

people

in

the

UK

so

I

have

to

work

at

night

because

of

the

time

difference⑰

between

India

and

the

UK.It's

a

good

job

with

a

good

salary.It's

also

interesting

because

I

can

use

my

English.But,to

be

honest,working

at

night

is

depressing⑱—I

miss

my

friends

and

family—so

I'd

like

to

leave

this

job

soon.However,well-paid

jobs

aren't

easy

to

find,so

I

don't

know

what

I'm

going

to

do,really.Well,if

I

can't

find

a

new

job,I

guess

I

can

stay

in

this

one

and

save

more

money.I

can

still

see

my

family

and

friends

at

the

weekend.”IndiraPatel上午9点到下午5点：这是大多数人的标准工作日。然而，对其他人来说，这是睡觉的时间。这些人都是夜班工人——上夜班的护士、跨洲的卡车司机和准备早餐面包的面包师。虽然在这个时间工作可能有一些优势，晚间工作也带来了特殊的问题：不方便过家庭生活、社交生活受限。此外，咖啡馆和餐馆也打烊了。交通方式选择很少，还有害健康。面对所有这些问题，谁还会选择上夜班呢？他们还打算继续留在现在的工作岗位上吗？“我夜间工作是因为我从小就对星星着迷。当从我的望远镜俯视看去时，我最快乐。星星很令人惊奇，给它们拍照非常棒。老实说，我永远不会换工作——我想终生都做一名天文摄影师。当然，我的社交生活很糟糕，但我想我已经找到解决这个问题的办法了。我要带着笔记本去上班，然后加入一个在线聊天室。我希望能和国外的人交朋友。他们是我工作时唯一清醒着的人！”罗伯特·摩尔“我的工作包括维修铁轨，所以我们必须在晚上工作，因为白天他们不能让火车停运。情况也没有那么糟糕。我们的团队精神超棒，而且还能得到额外的报酬。不过，我很快就要辞去这份工作了。这份工作很累，我也必须找到一份正常的工作，因为我的妻子怀孕了，我想晚上在她身边照顾她和我的孩子。不过我现在还没有找到新的工作，但我希望成为一名建筑工人。虽然是很辛苦的工作，但再也不用熬夜了！”。托尼·巴吉“当我来到这个国家时，我唯一能找到的工作就是当一名夜间保安。这份工作很无聊，因为太安静了，但我已决定把这个问题转变为优势。下个月，我将开始远程学习，攻读文学学位。我要在安静的漫漫长夜中阅读课本！我不想一辈子当保安。我想当一名教师。完成学位后我会申请教师培训课程。我真正想做的工作是教高中生，帮助他们规划未来。”约翰·米拉尔“我在印度的一家电话服务中心工作，但接听的是英国人的电话。所以我不得不在晚上工作，因为印度和英国之间有时差。这是一份薪资很不错的好工作。这份工作也很有趣，因为我可以使用英语。但说实话，在晚上工作很令人沮丧——我想念我的朋友和家人——所以我想赶快辞去这份工作。然而，高薪的工作并不容易找到，所以我不知道自己要做什么，真的。好吧，如果我找不到新的工作，我想我可以留在这里，存更多的钱。周末我还是可以见到家人和朋友的。”英迪拉·帕特尔语篇细研·教材精讲Ⅰ.课文结构图示(A篇)Ⅱ.课文预习自测(AletterofApplication)1．WhydoesLiMeilingwritetoMrCowle?A．Sheintendstoseekhelp.B．ShewouldliketointerviewMrCowle.C．Sheplanstoapplyforapositionintheschoolnewspaper.D．Sheisinterestedinapost.D2．WhydoesLiMeilingapplyforthepositionasareporter?A．Shehopestoignorewhat'shappening.B．Shecanbewellpreparedforherfuturejob.C．Shelikesbecomingajournalist.D．Shethinksitisnouseknowingaboutthecity.C3．Whichofthefollowingwordscan'tbeusedtodescribeLiMeiling?A．Diligent.

B.Committed.C．Easy-going. D.Mean.D4．WhydoesLiMeilingthinkshehasthelanguageskillstobeagoodreporter?A．Sheisgoodatwritingnovels.B．ShewonsecondprizeintheCityWritingCompetition.C．Sheisskilfulinwriting.D．Sheisagoodphotographer.CⅢ.课文语法填空DearMrCowle，Iamwritingtoapply1.________apositionatStudentPost,whichIsaw2.________(advertise)intheschoolnewspaperlastweek.Iwouldlike3.________(work)foryoubecauseIamveryinterestedin4.________(become)ajournalist.Iwouldalsoliketolearnmoreaboutthethingsthataregoingoninthecity.Iamahard-workingand5.________(commit)person.I6._______________(participate)inavolunteerprogramme,visitingelderlypeopleinmyareaforthelastthreeyears.foradvertisedtoworkbecomingcommittedhaveparticipatedMoreover,IfeelthatIcangetonwellwithpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundssinceIhaveworkedwithlotsofdifferentpeopleonmany7.________(project)forlocalevents.IthinkIhavethelanguageskillstobeagoodreporter.Lastyear,I8.________(win)secondprizeinourDistrictWritingCompetition.9.________addition,Iamalsoagoodphotographer,10.________mightbeusefulforsomeofthearticles.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.Yourssincerely，LiMeilingprojectswonInwhich核心突破·要点讲解►第一版块：核心单词1.applicantn．申请人applicationn．应用；用途；申请(教材P18)ApplicantswithrelevantexperiencecanwritetoThomasCowle...有相关经验的申请人可以写信给托马斯·考尔……jobapplicants求职人员applicantsforaloan贷款申请人ajobapplication求职申请aletterofapplication申请信fillinanapplicationform填写申请表awrittenapplication书面申请collegeapplications大学(入学)申请❶Asthesalaryofthejobwaslow,therewerefewapplicantsforit.因为工资低，没有几个人申请这份工作。❷Therearemorethanfiftyjobapplicantswaitingoutsidetheofficetocompeteforaposition.有五十多名求职者等在办公室外面竞争一个职位。❸Ihavealreadyfinishedmyjobapplicationformandpersonalresume.我已经填完工作申请表和个人简历。归纳拓展：-ant结尾表示“……者，……人”的常见的词汇有：assistant助手servant仆人consultant顾问accountant会计participant参与者immigrant移民

词语积累：applyv．申请；涂，敷；应用applyfor申请apply...to...把……应用到……applyoneselftosth./todoingsth.致力于做某事(to是介词)applytosb.for...＝makeanapplicationtosb.for...向某人申请……applytheorytopractice把理论运用到实践中appliedadj.应用的即学即练单句语法填空①Wehavehadlotsof_________(applicant)forthesepositions.②His________(apply)formembershipoftheorganisationwasrejected.③Thatapplicant________thejobwasaskedtofillinanapplicationformbeforeacceptingtheinterview.④Thereareanastonishingnumberof________(apply)fortheonlytwopositionsinthecompany.⑤Someother__________(apply)havebeenfoundaboutAIinthepastfewyears.⑥The__________(apply)ofnewtechnologiesandthewideappealofmoviestarscouldalsoaccountfortheincrease.⑦Hehasapplied________theinstitution________ajob.⑧Hehasbeenapplyinghimselfto________(help)theelderly.applicantsapplicationforapplicantsapplicationsapplicationtoforhelping2.respectfullyadv.有礼貌地，恭敬地(教材P21)Also,treatyourteammembersrespectfullyasequals.同时，也要平等对待、尊重你的团队成员们。❶Moststudentsbehavedrespectfullytowardstheirteachers.大部分学生对老师的态度很恭敬。respectn.&v.尊重，尊敬respectsb.(forsth.)(因……而)尊重某人/尊敬某人(的……)respectsb.'sfeelings/wishes尊重某人的情感/意愿respectoneself自重respectsb.as...把某人尊为……withrespect尊敬地withoutrespect不顾，不考虑showrespectforsb.尊敬某人inrespect(s)of在……方面，就……而言；作为……报酬in/withrespectto关于，谈到……winrespectofsb.赢得……的尊敬giveone'srespectstosb.代……向某人问好sendone'srespectstosb.代……向某人问好/致意respectfuladj.恭敬的；有礼貌的respectableadj.体面的；值得尊敬的；相当好的❷Childrenshouldshowrespectfortheirteachers.孩子们应尊敬他们的老师。❸Hehasmuchrespectforotherpeople'sfeeling.＝Herespectotherpeople'sfeelingmuch.他很尊重别人的感情。词语辨析：respectable与respectful这两个形容词均可表示“可尊敬的”之意。(1)respectable指因为品质、人格或身份等高尚或高贵而受到他人的尊敬。(2)respectful指对人表示尊敬或敬意。Imustgoandputonacleanshirtandmakemyselflookrespectable．我必须去穿件干净的衬衫，让自己看起来体面些。Thechildreninourfamilyarealwaysrespectfultotheirelders.我们家的孩子总是很尊敬他们的长辈。即学即练单句语法填空①ThearchitectdeclinedtheinvitationofanAmericancompany___________(respectful)anddeterminedtomakesomecontributionstohishometown.②Shereceivedguestswitha________(respect)attitude.③Hecamefromaperfectly__________(respect)middle-classfamily.④Allrespecthim________hishonesty.完成句子⑤They_______________(恭恭敬敬地站着)whenthecliententeredtheroom.respectfullyrespectfulrespectableforstoodrespectfully3.optionn．选择；(计算机的)选项；选择权(教材P22)Therearefewtransportationoptionsandit'sbadforhealth.交通方式选择很少，还有害健康。havenooptionbuttodosth.除了做某事之外别无选择keep/leaveone'soptionsopen暂不表态，留有回旋余地❶Thegovernmenthastwooptions:toreducespendingortoincreasetaxes.政府有两种选择：减少开支，或是增加税收。❷Hehadnooptionbuttoturntothelawyerforhelpatlast.最后，他不得不向律师求助。❸Ifyoukeepyouroptionsopenfortoolong,thoseoptionswillnolongerbeavailabletoyou.如果你一直迟迟未做决定，那些选择权你将不可再用。学法点拨：(1)option的同义词有choice,alternative,selection等。(2)optionaladj.可选择的；选修的Schoolsinourcityprovideavarietyofoptionalclassestocatertostudentsofdifferentlevels.我们市里的学校提供各式各样的选修课，以满足不同水平的学生。即学即练一句多译：那位雇主不得不提高雇员们的工资以促进生产。①Theemployer_____________________thesalaryoftheemployeestopromotetheproduction.(option)②Theemployer_____________________thesalaryoftheemployeestopromotetheproduction(choice)③Theemployer_________________________thesalaryoftheemployeestopromotetheproduction.(alternative)④Theemployer______________________thesalaryoftheemployeestopromotetheproduction.(donothingbut)⑤Theemployer____________________thesalaryoftheemployeestopromotetheproduction.(choose)⑥Theemployer___________________thesalaryoftheemployeestopromotetheproduction.(help)hadnooptionbuttoraisehadnochoicebuttoraisehadnoalternativebuttoraisecoulddonothingbutraisecouldn'tchoosebutraisecouldn'thelpbutraise归纳拓展：commitacrime犯罪commitsuicide自杀commitsb./oneselfto(doing)sth.承诺做某事commitsth.tosth.把某物投入到某事上committosb./sth.忠于(某个人、机构等)commitanhourtoreadingEnglish抽出一小时读英语即学即练单句语法填空①Bothsidescommittedthemselvesto________(offer)security.②Ihavecommitted________(me),andthereisnowaytodrawback.③He________(commit)thecrimeunderthe________(influent)ofdrink.④Hecommittedthisevilbook________the________(flame).offeringmyselfcommittedinfluencetoflames5.advertisevt.&vi.做广告；登广告(教材P19)IamwritingtoapplyforapositionatStudent

Post,whichIsawadvertisedintheschoolnewspaperlastweek.上周我在学校报纸上看到《学生邮报》的招聘广告，我写信想申请一个职位。advertiseonTV/inanewspaper在电视/报纸上登广告advertisetheirnewproductonTV在电视上做广告宣传他们的新产品advertiseforvolunteersinalocalnewspaper在一家地方报纸上刊登招聘志愿者的广告advertisefor为征求……登广告advertiseforajobinnewspaper在报纸上登广告求职advertisesb.ofsth.告诉某人某事❶TheyadvertisedtheirgoodsonTVforsales.他们在电视上登广告销售货物。❷We'regoingtoadvertiseourproductsinthelocalnewspaper.我们打算在地方报纸上为我们的产品登广告。词语积累：advertisementn．广告advertisern．广告人员；广告商advertisingn．广告业；广告活动即学即练单句语法填空①Weareadvertising________journalists.②Alocalfarmertoldthemthedogsoundedlikeone________(advertise)aslostinthelocalpaper.foradvertised6.evidencen．[U]证据，根据，证明evidentadj.明显的，显然的evidentlyadv.显然地，明显地；据说(教材P18)Whatevidencedoesshegivetoshowthat...她给出什么证据来说明……lookfor/searchforevidence寻找证据findevidence找到证据gather/collectevidence收集证据hideevidence隐藏证据giveevidence(出庭)作证medicalevidence医学证据good/clear/strongevidence充分的/明确的/有力的证据❶Wehaven'tfoundevidenceoflifeonotherplanets.我们还没找到其他星球存在生命的证据。❷Thereissomeevidencethattheeconomyisimproving.有迹象表明经济正在改善。❸Itisevidentthatsheisveryhappytoday.很明显，她今天很高兴。句型：Itisevidentthat...＝Evidently，...很明显，……Thereisevidencethat...有证据表明……(that引导的是同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容)

误区警示：evidence为不可数名词一项证据apieceofevidence(√)anevidence(×)即学即练单句语法填空①Accordingtoareviewof________(evident)inamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyearslongerthannon-runners.②Scientistshaveobtainedmoreevidence________plasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody.完成句子③律师要求助理出庭作证。Thelawyeraskedhisassistantto___________atthetrail.evidencethatgiveevidence7.demandn．要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需求demandingadj.(工作)要求高的，费力的；(人)苛求的；要求极严的(教材P20)Hethinksthattechnologicalprogresshasgreatlyincreasedthedemandforhumanlabour.他认为技术上的进步已经极大地提高了对劳动力的要求。demandtodosth.要求做某事

demandthat...(should)do要求……做……in(great)demand(非常)需要的；(大)受欢迎的

meetthedemandfor...满足对……的需求ondemand一经要求

meet/satisfyone'sdemands满足某人的要求makedemandson对……提出要求

demandofsb.todosth.要求某人做某事❶Morewindpowerstationswillspringuptomeetthedemandforcleanenergy.更多的风力发电站将会涌现，以满足对清洁能源的需求。(springup迅速出现，突然兴起)❷Soinsteadofeatingapieceofyesterday'sbreadfromthesupermarket,you'deatsomethingbakedjustforyouondemand.这样，你就不用吃昨天超市里的面包了，你可以吃一些根据你的需要烘焙的东西。❸Theyoungstersadmittedplanningtrips,takingphotos,andthenmessagingfriendstodemand“likes”fortheironlineposts.这些年轻人承认计划游玩、拍照片，然后发信息给朋友要求他们为自己在网上发布的东西点赞。❹TheintelligentmandemandedthatMary(should)keepabalancebetweenworkandenter-tainment.这个聪明的男人要求玛丽保持工作和娱乐之间的均衡。误区警示：demand不构成demandsb.todosth.类似的还有hope，agree等。他要求我离开。Hedemandedmetoleave.(×)Hedemandedofmetoleave.(√)HedemandedthatI(should)leave.(√)demand后接名词性从句时，从句中的谓语需用虚拟语气，即(should)do。Theworkersdemandedthattheirwages(should)beraised.工人们要求提高他们的工资。

相关链接：有此用法的动词归纳：一坚持：insist二命令：order,command四建议：advise,suggest,propose,recommend五要求：request,require,demand,desire,urge即学即练单句语法填空①Iguessthatthere'sprobablysome_________(demand)workschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.②Shedemanded________(tell)everythingindetailaboutthepart-timejob.③Wedemanded________(he)toreplyatonce.④Hedemands________(know)thetruth.⑤TheteacherdemandedthatJohn_________(go)thererightnow.demandingtobetoldofhimtoknow(should)go8．distractv．使分心；分散distractionn．分散注意力的事(教材P21)Youshouldconsiderwhatisvirtuallyright,andlookforlongtermgoals,andnotbedistractedbysmallchoicesfortheshortterm.你应该考虑什么是真正正确的，并寻找长期目标，而不是被短期的小选择分散了注意力。distract...from...从……分心distractattentionfrom从……分散注意力withoutdistraction不受干扰adistractionfrom...从……分散注意力drivesb.todistraction把某人逼疯Noiseoutsidedistractedhermindfromherstudies.门外的噪音使她心神不宁，无法集中注意力学习。经典例句：Thecelebrationsdistractedpublicattentionfromthegovernmentproblems.庆祝活动分散了公众对政府问题的注意力。即学即练单句语法填空①Tomannouncesthatplayingvideogamessometimesdistractshim________hishomework.②Theemployerfeltthiswasgettingtobea_________(distract)fromwhathereallywantedtodo.③Hewasdistracted________anunhappyloveaffair.fromdistractionwith/by9.contactvt.联系，联络n．联系；接触(教材P21)Beconfidentandmakeeyecontactwhentalkingtopeople.与人交谈时要自信，要有眼神交流。contactsb.immediately/directly立即/直接与某人联系contactsb.byemail/telephone通过电子邮件/电话与某人联系❶Universitiesandcollegesshouldestablishclosecontactwithinstitutesofscientificresearch.高等院校应与科研单位建立密切联系。❷Afterhoursinthecoldandwet,hereachedinsideandpulledthewalletouthopingtofindsomeIDsohecouldcontactthedriver...在又冷又湿的天气里待了几个小时后，他把手伸进车里，把钱包掏了出来，希望能找到一些身份证件，以便与司机取得联系……(现在分词短语hopingto...作伴随状语)归纳拓展：makecontactwithsb./getincontactwithsb.与某人取得联系keepincontactwithsb.与某人保持联系losecontactwithsb.与某人失去联系beincontactwithsb.与某人保持联系beoutofcontactwithsb.与某人失去联系physical/eyecontact身体/目光接触makesomeusefulcontacts结交了一些有用的人havealotofcontacts有很多关系网即学即练单句语法填空①Heis________contact________hisoldfriends.②WeChathelpsmetokeep/stay________contact________myfriends.③Iwil