2022年浙江省杭州市高一下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题

2021-2022学年浙江省杭州市高一下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题第I卷第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhetheryouwanttoabsorbyourselfinluxury(奢华)ormakememoriesthatwilllastalifetime,considerSouthCarolinaforyournextbeachvacation!FollyBeachSometimescalledoneofAmericalasttruebeachtowns,FollyIslandischarming,withclothingshopsandseafoodrestaurantsofeverykindalongCenterStreet.There’ssomethingforeveryone,whetheryou’reasurfer,cyclist,boater,youlovefishing,oryou’reinterestedintheisland’srichsea-wildlife,complexhistory,FollyBeachisagreatplaceforculturetoo.HiltonHeadFamousforitsluxuryaccommodations,lowcountry-beaches,and30world-classgolfcourses,and300tenniscourts,HiltonHeadwasthefirsteco-planneddestinationintheUnitedStates.WhileHiltonHeadisfamousforitsexpensiveofferings,there’splentyofexploringforfamiliesandnaturelovers.EdistoBeachEdistoBeachisagreatplacefornaturelovers.AvacationatEdistobeachincludesadventureinthegreatoutdoors.Hike,fish,andexplorethebeach.EdistoBeachprovidesaffordablebeachfun,likeoceanfrontandforestcampsites.BullIslandBullIslandisknownforitsbird-life,withmorethan293speciesrecordedthere.KidslovespottinganAmericanBaldEagle.Naturalist-guidedtoursaregreatforallagesifobservingblackfoxesisonyourbucketlist.1.Whichbeachbestsuitsthosewhoareeagertogetexperienceinvariousactivitiesaswellaslocalculture?A.FollyBeach. B.HiltonHead. C.EdistoBeach. D.BullIsland.2.WhatisprobablythemajorconcernfortouristsbeforegoingtoHiltonHead?A.Safety. B.Cost. C.Location. D.Activities.3.WhatmightmakepeoplechooseBullIslandratherthanEdistoBeach?A.Itssea-wildlife. B.Itsgolf-course. C.Itsbird-life. D.Itscampsites.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了SouthCarolina几个适合度假的沙滩。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“FollyBeach”部分的“There’ssomethingforeveryone,whetheryou’reasurfer,cyclist,boater,youlovefishing,oryou’reinterestedintheisland’srichsea-wildlife,complexhistory,FollyBeachisagreatplaceforculturetoo.(这里有适合每个人的东西，无论你是冲浪爱好者、骑自行车的人、划船的人，你喜欢钓鱼，或者你对岛上丰富的海洋野生动物、复杂的历史感兴趣，FollyBeach也是一个领略文化的好地方)”可知，如果你对文化感兴趣，可以到FollyBeach来。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“HiltonHead”部分“WhileHiltonHeadisfamousforitsexpensiveofferings,there’splentyofexploringforfamiliesandnaturelovers.(虽然HiltonHead以其昂贵的服务而闻名，但这里也有很多适合家庭和自然爱好者探索的地方)”可知，HiltonHead收费昂贵，所以花费问题是人们所关心的。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一部分“BullIslandisknownforitsbird-life,withmorethan293speciesrecordedthere.(BullIsland以鸟类生活而闻名，那里有超过293种鸟类的记录)”可知，BullIsland与众不同的地方在于其鸟类众多，所以如果选择BullIsland而不是EdistoBeach，那肯定是因为其鸟类生活。故选C。BMyname’sEllenandIgrewupinManchesterinthe19thCenturyatthetimeoftheIndustrialRevolution.Iwasbornin1853,andatthattime,Manchesterhad108cottonfactories.ItwascalledCottonopolis.Lifewasn’teasyforchildreninthosedays,andmostchildrenweredeadbytheageoffive.Somemightsaytheyweretheluckyonesbecausetheydidn’thavetogotoworkinafactory.By1853,mostpeoplehadmovedfromthecountrysidetothecityforwork,andthecitywasdirtyandovercrowded.Threeorfourfamiliesoftenlivedinthesamehouse.Welivedinoneroominthebasementofahouse.Itwasdamp,darkandcoldandweonlyhadonebed.Thetoiletwasoutsideinthestreet,andwehadtoshareitwithallourneighbours.Therewasn’tanyrunningwaterinthehouseeither.Wedidn’thaveanycleandrinkingwater,andmanypeoplediedfromcholera(霍乱).MyeldestbrotherdiedofcholeratwomonthsbeforeIwasborn.IwaseightwhenIstartedworkatthecottonmill.Thenoisewasterribleandtheairwasfilledwithwhitedustfromthecotton.Icouldn’tbreatheandIwantedtorunaway.Onemorning,afterIhadbeenworkingthereforafewmonths,Ihadaterribleaccident.Iwasverytiredthatmorning.Ihadbeenworkingforthreehourswhen,forjustasecond,Iclosedmyeyesandthat’swhenithappened.Awomangrabbed(抓住)meandpulledmeawayfromthemachine,butitwastoolate.Ihadlostthreefingersonmyrighthand.AtthetimeIwaspleased.“NowIdon’thavetoworkanymore,”Ithought.Butno,Iwaswrong.Theyfoundmeanotherjob—ajobwhereIdidn’tneedahand.4.WhatcanbelearntaboutEllen’sfamilyaftermovingtothecity?A.Theysharedabasementwithothers.B.Therewasnotoiletinsidetheirroom.C.Therunningwaterintheirroomwasdirty.D.Hereldestbrotherdiedaftershewasbom.5.WhydidEllenwanttorunawayfromthecottonfactory?A.Shecouldn’tholdherbreath.B.Shewastooyoungtoworkthere.C.Girlsdidheavytasksatthefactory.D.Theworkingconditionswereterrible.6WhathappenedtoElleninthelastparagraph?A.Sheworkedforamonth.B.Shelostherrighthand.C.Shehadahorribleaccident.D.Shefeltgladtochangeajob.7.What’sthewriter’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Totellherhardchildhoodlife.B.Toraiseconcernsaboutchildren.C.Toexpressherthankstolifesaver.D.Toshowherdissatisfactionwiththejob.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对童年的回忆，作者8岁的时候就开始在棉纺厂工作，一次，由于太瞌睡，作者的右手有三根手指被机器割断，然而这并不妨碍资本家对作者的摧残。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Thetoiletwasoutsideinthestreet,andwehadtoshareitwithallourneighbours.(厕所在外面的街道上，我们不得不和所有的邻居共用)”可知，作者一家搬到城市后所住的房子里面并没有厕所。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“IwaseightwhenIstartedworkatthecottonmill.Thenoisewasterribleandtheairwasfilledwithwhitedustfromthecotton.Icouldn’tbreatheandIwantedtorunaway.(我八岁时开始在棉纺厂工作。噪音很可怕，空气中充满了来自棉花的白色灰尘。我无法呼吸，我想逃跑)”可知，作者想要逃离工厂是因为工作环境太糟糕。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ihadbeenworkingforthreehourswhen,forjustasecond,Iclosedmyeyesandthat’swhenithappened.Awomangrabbed(抓住)meandpulledmeawayfromthemachine,butitwastoolate.Ihadlostthreefingersonmyrighthand.(那天早上我很累。我已经工作了三个小时，就在那一瞬间，我闭上了眼睛，事情就发生了。一个女人抓住我，把我从机器旁拽开，但已经太晚了。我右手失去了三根手指)”可知，作者遭遇了一场事故。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者回忆了童年的时光，并讲述了小时候的遭遇，由于贫困，作者8岁就得进工厂，后来由于过于疲倦发生了事故，失去了右手三根手指头，但是还是需要工作。所以作者写本文的目的是告诉我们她小时候的生活是困苦的。故选A。CThousandsofpeoplecametothetheatresandconcerthallstohearhim.PerformancesweresoldoutinBritainandAmerica.Peoplefainted(晕倒)athisshows.Whodoyouthinkhewas?Well,hewasn’tapopstar.Hewasinfactawriter,andhedidn’tliveinthiscentury.Helivednearlytwohundredyearsago.HisnamewasCharlesDickens.Inthe19thCentury,CharlesDickenswentonlongtoursinBritainandAmerica.Ateachperformancehereadandactedoutpassagesfromhisnovels.Whydidhegoontourwithhisbooks?Hisfirsttourwasforcharity-hewasn’tpaidforit.ThefirstperformancewasofAChristmasCarolfor2,000poorpeopleinBirmingham.Manypeopleintheaudiencecouldn’treadandsostorytellingwasveryimportanttothem.Afterthisfirstperformance,hewasofferedmoneytoperformhisreadingsatotherplaces.Atfirstherefused,butlaterheagreedtodomoreshows.Helovedperforming,andasayoungman,hehadwantedtobeanactor.HistourofAmericafromDecember1867toApril1868earnedhimover£19,000,whichwasahugeamountofmoneyatthetime.Itwasalotmorethanheearnedfromsellinghisbooks.CharlesDickens’tourswereveryhardworkashetravelledlongdistancesbytrain,andtrainswereveryslowinthosedays.Hisfamilyandfriendsbecameworriedabouthishealth.Theywantedhimtostoptouring.In1865,therewasaterribletraincrashatStaplehurstinKent.Allthecarriagesexceptonefelldownaslope(山坡).WhathappenedtoCharlesDickens?Hewasintheonecarriagethatdidn’tfalldown.Aftertheaccident,CharlesDickenswasfiightenedoftravellingbytrain,buthestillcontinuedhistours.Hisreadingscontinuedtobesuccessful.However,hisfriendsandfamilieswererighttobeworriedabouthishealth.FiveyeilTSJater,ill1870,CharlesDickensdiedofastroke(中风).8.Whatwastheprofessionofthestorytellerinthetext?A.Apopstar. B.Atraveler. C.Anactor. D.Anauthor.9.WhydidCharlesDickensstarthisfirstreadingtour?A.Tosupportcharity. B.Tomakeafortune.C.Tobeapopularperformer. D.Tosellnovels.10.WhydidCharlesDickens’familywanttostophisreadingtour?A.Theywereconcernedabouthishealth.B.Peopleusuallyfaintedathisshows.C.Hewasafraidoftravellingbytrain.D.Hehadanarrowescapefromatrainaccident.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Thepricesofthebooksatthattimewereveryhigh.B.Trainswerepeople’smainmeansoftransportation.C.CharlesDickens’readingtourswereverypopular.D.Mostpeopleintheaudiencehadreadhisnovels.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了查尔斯·狄更斯的生平，重点讲述了他的巡回朗读。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Hewasinfactawriter,andhedidn’tliveinthiscentury.(事实上，他是一位作家，但他并不生活在这个世纪)”可知，这个讲故事的人职业是个作家。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whydidhegoontourwithhisbooks?Hisfirsttourwasforcharity-hewasn’tpaidforit.(为什么他要带着他的书去巡演？他的第一次巡回朗读是为了慈善事业——他没有得到报酬)”可知，他第一次巡回朗读是为了做慈善。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Hisfamilyandfriendsbecameworriedabouthishealth.Theywantedhimtostoptouring.(他的家人和朋友开始担心他的健康。他们希望他停止巡回朗读)”可知，他的家人们希望他停止巡回朗读是担心他的健康。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“HistourofAmericafromDecember1867toApril1868earnedhimover£19,000,whichwasahugeamountofmoneyatthetime.(1867年12月至1868年4月的美国之旅为他赚了19000多英镑，这在当时是一笔巨款)”以及第五段“Hisreadingscontinuedtobesuccessful(他的阅读一直很成功)”可推断，他的巡回朗读很受欢迎。故选C。DOUCH!Shotshurt.Buttheypreventyoufromgettingsick.How?Byteachingyourbodyhowtofightgerms(病菌).Somevaccines(疫苗)containgermsofaspecificdiseasethathaveeitherbeenkilledorweakened,sotheshotswon’tgiveyouthedisease.Quantitiesofwhitebloodcellscalled“Bcells”defendyourbody.Eachonecanrecognizesomethingthatisnotpartofyou.Whenagermgetsinsideyourbodyandmeetsitsmatch,thatBcellbecomesactive.Itreplicatesitself,andthousandsofBcellscreate“antibodies”,whichattachtothegermanddestroyit.Onegermcanturnintoamillioninafewhours.Ifyou’reweak,youwillsoonfeelverysick.Meanwhile,yourBcellsareworkinghardandtheywillcatchupwiththegrowingnumbersofgermsinoneortwoweeks.Attheheightofthebattle,Bcellscanmakethousandsofantibodies(抗体)inasecond.That’swhenyoustartfeelingbetter.Afterthegermsaredefeated,yourbodyknowshowtofightthosespecificgermsbecausesomeBcellsarememoryBcells.Sometimestheycanliveforyourentirelife.Theymakeyousafefromasecondinfection(感染).Thatfactisthebasisforvaccination.VaccinescontaindeadorweakenedgermsthatletyourbodymakememoryBcells.Ifyoulatercomeacrossthatsamegerm,memoryBcellsimmediatelystartreplicatingthemselvesandmakingantibodies.Soonthegermsaredestroyed,andyouprobablywon’tevenfeelsick.WhenEdwardJennertriedusingcowpoxtoprotectpeoplefromsmallpox(天花)，hehadnoideaaboutBcellsorantibodies.Nowweknowthatcowpoxandsmallpoxaresimilarenoughthattheantibodiesmadeagainstcowpoxalsokillthesmallpoxvirusforatime.AhundredyearsafterJenner,LouisPasteurformedthebasisforvaccination:usingagermagainstitself.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“replicates”meaninthesecondparagraph?A.Repairs. B.Reproduces. C.Replaces. D.Recycles.13.Peoplestartfeelingbetteraftergettingsickwhen_________.A.germsgrowatahighspeedB.antibodiesreachahighlevelC.memoryBcellscomeintobeingD.Bcellsfindthegerminyourbody14.Whatcanweknowaboutvaccinesfromthetext?A.Vaccinesshotsmaygivepeoplethedisease.B.Vaccinesputantibodiesinpeople’sbody.C.Vaccinesfreepeopleofvariousdiseases.D.VaccineshelppeoplemakememoryBcells.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoFightGerms B.WhatAreVaccinesC.HowVaccinesWork D.WhoInventedVaccines【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类身体里的B细胞是如何保护身体抵抗外来细菌，由此也诞生了疫苗。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Whenagermgetsinsideyourbodyandmeetsitsmatch,thatBcellbecomesactive.(当一个细菌进入你的身体，遇到它的对手，B细胞变得活跃)”和后文“thousandsofBcellscreate“antibodies”，whichattachtothegermanddestroyit.(成千上万的B细胞产生“抗体”，附着在细菌上并摧毁它)”可知，B细胞进行自我复制，变成成千上万个来摧毁细菌。所以replicates为“复制”之意。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Attheheightofthebattle,Bcellscanmakethousandsofantibodies(抗体）inasecond.That’swhenyoustartfeelingbetter.(在战斗最激烈的时候，B细胞可以在一秒钟内产生数千个抗体。那是你开始感觉好些的时候)”可知，在抗体达到顶峰的时候，你开始感觉好些。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“VaccinescontaindeadorweakenedgermsthatletyourbodymakememoryBcells.(疫苗中含有死亡或弱化的细菌，可以让你的身体产生记忆B细胞)”可推断，疫苗可以让你的身体产生记忆B细胞。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Buttheypreventyoufromgettingsick.How?Byteachingyourbodyhowtofightgerms(病菌).Somevaccines(疫苗)containgermsofaspecificdiseasethathaveeitherbeenkilledorweakened,sotheshotswon’tgiveyouthedisease.(但它们能防止你生病。如何？通过教会你的身体如何对抗细菌。一些疫苗含有某种特定疾病的细菌，这些细菌要么被杀死，要么被削弱，所以这种疫苗不会让你得病)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了疫苗是如何帮助身体消灭病菌的。所以“HowVaccinesWork(疫苗如何工作的)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。第二节（共5小題；每小題2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。DanielleWaterman,anEnglishwomanrugby(橄榄球)playerisinterviewedandtalksaboutherexperienceandopinionsaboutthesport.Havingtwoolderbrotherstaughtmealotaboutsurvival.___16___We’dplayrugbytogetherandifIwantedtoplayagainstmybrothers,whoIlookedupto,Ihadtobegoodenough.Itmademedetermined.Iwasluckytohavesupportiveparents,especiallymymother,whowasmyrolemodel.___17___It’sdifferentnow,withlotsofamazingwomeninBritishsportaspositiveexamplestoyounggirls.Thesituationforwomen’ssporthasimproved,butthere’salongwaytogo.Theregularityofmalesportallowsthepublictobefamiliarwithteamsandplayers.___18___Afewyearsago,IgothurtinmykneeandwastoldIcouldn’tplayagain.___19___That’swhenIreallyrecognizedthechallengesIwasfacingmentally,aswellascopingwithmyphysicalpain.NomatterhowmuchItrained,Iwouldn’timproveunlessIwashappierandmoreconfident.IrealizedIneededtogethelpformymentalhealth.Withoutthatsupport,Iwouldn’thaveplayedagain.___20___WhenIwasinjured,myimmediatereactionwas,‘Ineedtokeepgoing.’I’vebuiltupstrongwillbutit’sbasicallybecauseIlovewhatIdo.WhenIplayrugby,Iworkwithotherpeople,dealwithfailureandovercomedifficulties-allthesemakemeopen-mindedanddetermined.Rugbydevelopsconfidenceinmearoundachievingandself-belief.AThat’swhatwomen’ssportneeds.B.SometimesIdidfeeldifferenttoothergirls.C.Ineverthoughtofmyselfasdifferentfromthem.D.Playingrugbyismypassion,anditenrichesme.E.However,IdecidedtoinsistonandtogettotheOlympics.F.Aswellasthephysicalside,thesportalsoleadsmetoahappylife.G.Thereweren’tmanyfemalerolemodelsinsportwhenIwasgrowingup.【答案】16.C17.G18.A19.E20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了英国女橄榄球运动员丹妮尔·沃特曼在接受采访时谈到了她对这项运动的经验和看法。【16题详解】根据下文“We’dplayrugbytogetherandifIwantedtoplayagainstmybrothers,whoIlookedupto,Ihadtobegoodenough.(我们会一起打橄榄球，如果我想和我尊敬的哥哥们比赛，我必须足够优秀)”可知，她想变得更优秀，才能和自己的哥哥一起打橄榄球。选项C“Ineverthoughtofmyselfasdifferentfromthem.(我从不认为自己和他们有什么不同)”符合语境，引出下文。故选C。【17题详解】根据下文“It’sdifferentnow,withlotsofamazingwomeninBritishsportaspositiveexamplestoyounggirls.(现在情况不同了，英国体育界有很多优秀的女性作为年轻女孩的积极榜样)”推知，空处指的是女性运动员不太多见。选项G“Thereweren’tmanyfemalerolemodelsinsportwhenIwasgrowingup.(在我成长的过程中，体育界并没有很多女性榜样)”符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Thesituationforwomen’ssporthasimproved,butthere’salongwaytogo.Theregularityofmalesportallowsthepublictobefamiliarwithteamsandplayers.(女子运动的状况已经有所改善，但还有很长的路要走。男性体育运动的规律性让公众对球队和运动员更加熟悉)”可知，女子运动情况有所改善，但是还是不如男性运动。空前提到男性体育运动，由此推知空处应提及女子运动。选项A“That’swhatwomen’ssportneeds.(这正是女子运动所需要的)”与上文一致。故选A。【19题详解】根据空后“That’swhenIreallyrecognizedthechallengesIwasfacingmentally,aswellascopingwithmyphysicalpain.(那是我真正意识到我在精神上面临挑战，以及应对我的身体疼痛的时候)”可知，她知道自己面临的挑战既有精神层面也有身体层面；而空前“Afewyearsago,IgothurtinmykneeandwastoldIcouldn’tplayagain.(几年前，我的膝盖受伤了，医生告诉我不能再比赛了)”提到的是身体层面遇到的困难和挑战，所以空处应为精神层面。选项E“However,IdecidedtoinsistonandtogettotheOlympics.(然而，我决定坚持，并参加奥运会)”提到了作者的决心和毅力，与上下文内容一致。故选E。【20题详解】空处为段首句，为本段中心句。下文“WhenIwasinjured,myimmediatereactionwas,‘Ineedtokeepgoing.’I’vebuiltupstrongwillbutit’sbasicallybecauseIlovewhatIdo.WhenIplayrugby,Iworkwithotherpeople,dealwithfailureandovercomedifficulties-allthesemakemeopen-mindedanddetermined.Rugbydevelopsconfidenceinmearoundachievingandself-belief.(当我受伤的时候，我的第一反应是，“我需要继续前进。”我已经有了坚强的意志，但这主要是因为我热爱我所做的事情。当我打橄榄球时，我和其他人一起工作，处理失败和克服困难——所有这些都让我豁达和坚定。橄榄球培养了我对成就和自信的信心)”可知，本段主要讲的是橄榄球是她的爱好，同时打橄榄球也丰富了她的内心。选项D“Playingrugbyismypassion,anditenrichesme.(打橄榄球是我的爱好，它丰富了我的生活)”符合本段大意。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小題；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。EverythingIknowaboutloveI’velearnedfrommydogs.ButeverythingIknowabout___21___I’velearnedfromthemtoo.Theyfillour___22___.Andthen,inwhatseemslikenotime,they’regone.Itremindsmewhatpeoplesayaboutchildbirth:ifyoureally___23___howdifficultitwas,you’dnever___24___itagain.Andyet,dogafterdog,I’veforgottenthe___25___oflosingthem—untiltheygivemethatlookwiththeir___26___faces.Youpromised,Jenny.Thepainoflossdoesn’tseemtobe___27___atallbythefactthatsomeofmydogshavebeenterrible.Myfirstdog,forinstance,wasa(n)___28___Dalmatian(斑点狗）namedPlayboy.Welivedonthefarmthen,andPlayboyledacarefreelife,___29___donkeysandcowsorevenstealingChristmasturkeys.MysisterandIdislikedhim,andwewerefairlysurethe____30____wasmutual(互相的).____31____hewasdevotedtomyfather.Everyafternoon,whenDadreturnedhomeandsatdown,Playboywouldliedownathissideand____32____arounduntilhispaws(爪）wereintheair.Dadwouldrubthedog’sbelly.“Who’sagoodboy?”____33____wouldask.Itwasagood____34____.WhatdidIlearnaboutlovefromPlayboy?Thatitis____35____ifeveryonedislikesyou,aslongasyouaredeeplylovedbyoneperson.21.A.devotion B.loss C.happiness D.friendship22.A.houses B.gaps C.workdays D.hearts23.A.wondered B.asked C.remembered D.appreciated24.A.lookafter B.getridof C.makeupfor D.gothrough25.A.sorrow B.trouble C.time D.possibility26.A.cute B.young C.grey D.pretty27.A.caused B.reduced C.increased D.ignored28.A.naughty B.ugly C.graceful D.gentle29.A.biting B.killing C.chasing D.riding30.A.relation B.communication C.idea D.feeling31.A.Yet B.Also C.Instead D.Still32.A.slide B.roll C.leap D.march33.A.she B.I C.he D.it34.A.comment B.job C.treat D.question35.A.fine B.shameful C.awkard D.amazing【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.D25.A26.C27.B28.A29.C30.D31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者通过自己养狗的经历告诉我们失去狗的痛苦很难减少以及人生在世，即便不是每个人都喜欢你，生活也很美好。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我所知道的关于失去的一切也是从它们身上学来的。A.devotion奉献、投入；B.loss损失，失去；C.happiness幸福；D.friendship友谊。根据下文“Thepainoflossdoesn’tseemtobe___7___atallbythefactthatsomeofmydogshavebeenterrible.”可知，下文讲述的是失去的痛苦。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们充满了我们的心。A.houses房子；B.gaps间隔；C.workdays工作日；D.hearts心脏，内心。根据下文可知，作者认为狗充实了自己的生活，也就是装满了自己的心灵。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我想起人们对分娩的看法：如果你真的记得分娩有多难，你就再也不会经历它了。A.wondered想知道；B.asked问；C.remembered记得；D.appreciated欣赏、感激。根据下文“Andyet,dogafterdog,I’veforgottenthe___5___oflosingthem”可知，作者以分娩为例，讲述了人们如果记得分娩的痛就不会再去经历。意在指出，如果记得失去狗的痛苦，就不想再去养狗。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这让我想起人们对分娩的看法：如果你真的记得分娩有多难，你就再也不会经历它了。A.lookafter照顾；B.getridof摆脱、去除；C.makeupfor弥补；D.gothrough经历。根据下文“Andyet,dogafterdog,I’veforgottenthe___5___oflosingthem”可知，作者以分娩为例，讲述了人们如果记得分娩的痛就不会再去经历。意在指出，如果记得失去狗的痛苦，就不想再去养狗。也就是不想再去经历那样的事情。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一只又一只的狗，我已经忘记了失去它们的悲伤——直到它们忧郁的脸向我露出那种表情。A.sorrow悲伤；B.trouble麻烦；C.time时间；D.possibility可能性。根据下文的“Thepainofloss”可知，失去狗是悲伤的。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，一只又一只的狗，我已经忘记了失去它们的悲伤——直到它们忧郁的脸向我露出那种表情。A.cute可爱的；B.young年轻的；C.grey灰的，忧郁的；D.pretty漂亮的。根据下文“Youpromised,Jenny.”可知，狗的表情是忧郁的。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：失去的痛苦似乎丝毫没有因为我的一些狗表现糟糕而减轻。A.caused导致；B.reduced减少；C.increased增加；D.ignored忽视。根据上文“Andyet,dogafterdog,I’veforgottenthe___5___oflosingthem—untiltheygivemethatlookwiththeir___6___faces.”可知，每次失去狗，作者都是痛苦的，所以不会因为狗表现不好，悲伤和痛苦就会减少。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，我的第一只狗是只顽皮的达尔马提亚犬，名叫Playboy。A.naughty淘气的；B.ugly丑陋的；C.graceful优雅的；D.gentle温和的、轻柔的。根据下文“Welivedonthefarmthen,andPlayboyledacarefreelife,___9___donkeysandcowsorevenstealingChristmasturkeys.”可知，Playboy很淘气。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时我们住在农场，Playboy过着无忧无虑的生活，追逐驴和牛，甚至偷圣诞节的火鸡。A.biting咬；B.killing杀；C.chasing追逐；D.riding骑。根据空后的宾语“donkeysandcows”可判断，Playboy是追逐它们。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我姐姐和我都不喜欢他，我们很确定这种感觉是相互的。A.relation关系、联系；B.communication交流；C.idea想法；D.feeling感觉。根据“MysisterandIdislikedhim,”和下文可知，Playboy只喜欢作者的父亲，所以作者认为Playboy也不喜欢自己，这是互相的感觉。故选D。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但他对我父亲很忠诚。A.Yet然而；B.Also也；C.Instead反而；D.Still仍然。根据上文“MysisterandIdislikedhim,andwewerefairlysurethe___10___wasmutual(互相的).”可知，作者和Playboy互相不喜欢；下文描述了他对作者父亲的喜欢，存在转折关系。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天下午，当爸爸回到家坐下时，Playboy就会躺在他身边，不停地打滚，直到爪子翘到空中。A.slide滑动；B.roll滚动；C.leap跳过；D.march前进。根据下文“arounduntilhispaws(爪）wereintheair.”可知，它应该在地上打滚才会爪子翘到空中。故选B。【33题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：“谁是好孩子?”他会问。A.she她；B.I我；C.he他；D.it它。根据“Dadwouldrubthedog’sbelly.”可知，这里代指作者的父亲。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是个好问题。A.comment评论；B.job工作；C.treat请客；D.question问题。根据上文““Who’sagoodboy?””可知，这是个问题。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果不是每个人都喜欢你，没关系，只要有一个人深爱着你就好。A.fine好的；B.shameful可耻的；C.awkward尴尬的；D.amazing令人惊叹的。根据“ifeveryonedislikesyou,aslongasyouaredeeplylovedbyoneperson.”及上文可知，Playboy并没有得到作者和作者姐姐的喜爱，但是因为得到了作者父亲的喜爱，Playboy还是那么的欣喜。所以，如果不是每个人都喜欢你，也没关系，也很好。故选A。第II卷第二节（共10小题;每小题分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Themostspecialroominourhouseisthekitchen.WhenIopenthedoor,___36___isthefirstthingInotice?Thesmellofcookingandthenoise!Youcanoftenhearpeopletalkingorlaughing,andthesound___37___potsandpans,becauseusuallysomeone___38___(prepare)food!Ialwaysfeelcomfortableandathomeinthekitchenit’s___39___centeroffamilylife.Inthemiddleofthekitchen___40___(be)myfavoritepieceoffurniture-alongwoodentable.Itlooksoldandworn,butit’stheplacewherepeoplesitandworkortalk.It___41___(use)forspecialoccasionslikemygrandma’sbirthday,___42___weallsitaroundthetable.It’salsousedforeveryday___43___(activity),likemybrother’shomework.Thetableisalwaysmessybecauseeveryoneleavestheirthingsonit.Therearehousekeys,schoolbooksaswellasletters___44___(mail).Inshort,thekitchenismyfavoriteroombecauseit’sfulloflife.It’sthe____45____(noisy)placeinthehouse,andIlikeitthatway.It’stheroomwhereIfeelmostcomfortableandhappy.Andthat’swhyIloveit.【答案】36.what37.of38.ispreparing39.the40.is41.isused42.when43.activities44.tomail45.noisiest【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者在家里最喜欢的房间是厨房以及原因。【36题详解】考查疑问代词。句意：当我打开门，我首先注意到的是什么？本句缺少主语，表示物，所以用疑问代词what。故填what。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：你可以经常听到人们说话或笑，以及锅碗瓢盆的声音，因为通常有人在准备食物！根据语意可知，指的是锅碗瓢盆的声音，用介词of，表示所属关系。故填of。【38题详解】考查时态。句意：你可以经常听到人们说话或笑，以及锅碗瓢盆的声音，因为通常有人在准备食物！根据上下文可知，指的是当你听到锅碗瓢盆的声音的时候，是因为有人在准备食物，因此时态为现在进行时；主语为someone，单数，be动词用is。故填ispreparing。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：我总是觉得很舒服，在家里，厨房是家庭生活的中心。根据空后的“offamilylife.”可知，center为特指，用定冠词the。故填the。【40题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：厨房的中央是我最喜欢的一件家具——一张长长的木桌。本句为倒装句，真正的主语是“myfavoritepieceoffurniture-alongwoodentable”，单数；根据上下文可知，时态为一般现在时。故填is。【41题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：它被用于特殊的场合，比如我奶奶的生日，那时我们都围坐在桌子旁。主语为it，单数，和动词use之间存在被动关系；根据上下文可知，本句为一般现在时。故填isused。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：它被用于特殊的场合，比如我奶奶的生日，那时我们都围坐在桌子旁。空处引导非限制性定语从句，句中先行词为grandma’sbirthday，在从句中担当时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故填when。【43题详解】考查名词的数。句意：它也用于日常活动，比如我哥哥的家庭作业。根据语意和下文“likemybrother’shomework”可知，指的是各种日常活动，用名词的复数形式。故填activities。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有钥匙，教科书，还有要寄的信。修饰名词letters，指的是即将要寄出的信，用不定式作定语。故填tomail。【45题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：这是家里最吵的地方，我喜欢这样。根据下文“inthehouse”以及空前的“the”可知，此处指家里最吵的地方，故空处为形容词最高级。故填noisiest。第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节(满分15分）46.假定你是李华，昨天你校举办了“我爱家乡”的英语演讲比赛，你获得了一等奖。你的新加坡朋友Antony给予了你参赛指导，请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.告知消息；2.感谢帮助；3.邀请他来游玩。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】DearAntony,Ihopeyourdayisgoingwell.I’mgladtotellyouthatIwonthefirstprizeyesterdayintheEnglishspeechcontestwiththethemeof“Ilovemyhometown”.Thankyoufortakingthetimetopolishmyspeechandanswerallmyquestionsaboutit.Icouldn’thavemadeitwithoutyou.Ireallyappreciateyourhelp!Thesummervacationiscoming,andIsincerelyinviteyoutomyhometown.I’dbehappytobeyourguide.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作。要求考生向朋友写信，告知朋友自己演讲比赛获得了一等奖，感谢朋友的帮忙并邀请他来玩。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→pleased/happy真地：really→certainly/truly/actually即将到来：becoming→beapproaching/bearoundthecorner真诚地：sincerely→genuinely2.句式拓展句式转换原句：I’mgladtotellyouthatIwonthefirstprizeyesterdayintheEnglishspeechcontestwiththethemeof“Ilovemyhometown”.拓展句：I’mgladtotellyouthatIwonthefirstprizeyesterdayintheEnglishspeechcontestwhosethemewas“Ilovemyhometown”.【点睛】【高分句型1】Ihopeyourdayisgoingwell.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）【高分句型2】I’mgladtotellyouthatIwonthefirstprizeyesterdayintheEnglishspeechcontestwiththethemeof“Ilovemyhometown”.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ihadjustpouredmysecondcupofteathatmorningandsatdowntoreadthepaper.Fromsomewhere,aninnervoicesaid,“GoseeJeffandbringhimthechairtorepair.Gorightnow.”ItwassuchastrongneedthatIhurriedlydressedandcarriedadining-roomchairtohisdoor.Jeffwasaneighborwhohadlosthiswifeawhileback,andhesometimesdidminorrepairsformebecauseheenjoyedworkingwithhishands.Iknockedonhisdoorandwaitedawhile.Iwasabouttowalkawaywhenheanswered.Helo