浙江省杭州2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期中试卷含解析

Page20考试说明：1.考试时间：2.考试时长：90分钟、3.本试卷分试题卷和答题卷，试题卷8页，答顾卷2页，本卷满分125分。4.答题前，请在答题卡指定区域内填涂好相关信息，全部答案必需写在答题卡上，写在试题卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后、你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersdoingprobably?A.Attendingaparty.B.Holdingawedding.C.Lookingatpictures.2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Cold.B.Hot.C.Warm.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Athome.C.Inashop.5.Howmanystudentspassedtheexam?A.15.B.35.C.45.其次节(共15小题；每小题15分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段长对话，回答小题。6.Whenwasthemanborn?A.In1982.B.In1992.C.In2000.7.WhydidthemangototheLondonOlympicGames?A.Towatchanevent.B.Todovolunteerwork.C.Tocompeteinanevent.听下面一段长对话，回答小题。8.Whyisthewomanattheshop?A.Tovisittheshopmanager.B.TohavetheCDexchanged.C.Tocollectsomeinformation.9.Whatistheman'sattitudetowardthewoman?A.Patient.B.Casual.C.Doubtful.10.WhatisJohnworkingon?A.Advertisements.B.Software.C.Schoolwork.11.Howmuchdocstheappcostmonthly?A.$1.B.$10..C.$30.12.HowsoonwillJohnfinishhisessay?A.InthreeweeksB.Inonemonth.C.Inoneyear.听下面一段长对话，回答小题。13.Whatdocsthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Washthedishes.B.Dryupthedishes.C.Cleanthecooker.14.Whatwillthemandolater?A.Wipethechairs.B.Preparethefood.C.Cleanthetable15.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Friends.C.Co-workers.16.Howwillthewomandealwiththeoldtowel?A.Justthrowitaway.B.Useittocleanthebike.C.Useittocleanthefloor.听下面一段独白，回答小题。17.WhereisCoopers?A.Ontheedgeofthetown.B.Behindamarket.C.Nearthecollege.18.WhatistheadvantageofShopsmart?A.ThepriceB.Thecarpark.C.Thepublictransport.19.WhatcanpeoplebuyinMass?A.Souvenirs.B.FilesandpensC.Fruitandvegetables.20.WhatdoweknowaboutthemuseuminNewtown?A.Ithasitsownsouvenirshop.B.Ithasabookstore.C.Ithasmanysouvenirshops.其次部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ATherearemanypodcasts(播客)thatteachEnglishandyoucanlistentothemanytime.Hereisalistofsomeofthebestpodcaststhatyoumustsee.LearnEnglishPodcastThispodcasthasthreelevels.Thefirstisforbeginners,thesecondisforintermediates(中级学生)andthethirdisforupperintermediates.IfapersonwantstolearnBusinessEnglish,thenepisodesarealsomadeforhim.Everypodcastisshortbutveryinformative.Worksheetsandvocabularytasksarealsoincluded.SpeakingBroadlyThispodcastismadeforadvancedlearners.Explainedthroughdiscussionandinterviews,eachepisodehasnon-nativeEnglishspeakersandeveryrecordingalsohasexpertfeedback.YouwillseesomecommonmistakesmadebyEnglishlearnersandyoucanimproveyourEnglishbylearningfromthosemistakes.TheEnglishWeSpeakThispodcastairsoneepisodedailyandeveryepisodeisonlythreetofourminutes,whichtalksaboutphrasesandidioms.Therearetwopeopleineachepisodewhocommunicatewitheachother.Whateverlevelyouare,youwillfinditrewardingElementaryPodcastThispodcastismainlyforbeginnersandintermediatelevellearners.Thelengthofapodcastisaround25minutesbutyoucanpauseitanytimeandcontinuewheneveryouwant.Thehostsofeachepisodearedifferent.1.Whichpodcastprovidesexercisesgoingwithit?ALearnEnglishPodcast. B.SpeakingBroadly.C.TheEnglishWeSpeak D.ElementaryPodcast.2.WhatdoweknowaboutSpeakingBroadly?A.Itrecordsjustexpertspeakers. B.Itaimsatbeginners.C.Itpresentssometypicalmistakes. D.Itprovidesfeedbackfromlisteners.3.WhatdoTheEnglishWeSpeakandElementaryPodcasthaveincommon?A.Theyhavethesamelength. B.Theyarebothinteractive.C.Theysharethesamecontents. D.Theyaresuitableforbeginners.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个可以帮助英语学习的英语播客。【1题详解】微小环节理解题。依据LearnEnglishPodcast部分的“Everypodcastisshortbutveryinformative.Worksheetsandvocabularytasksarealsoincluded.(每个播客都很短，但信息量很大。还包括活页练习题和词汇任务)”可知，LearnEnglishPodcast供应了活页练习题和词汇练习。故选A项。【2题详解】微小环节理解题。依据SpeakingBroadly部分的“YouwillseesomecommonmistakesmadebyEnglishlearnersandyoucanimproveyourEnglishbylearningfromthosemistakes.(你会看到英语学习者犯的一些常见错误，你可以通过从这些错误中学习来提高你的英语水平。)”可知，该播客供应了英语学习者会常犯的错误。故选C项。【3题详解】微小环节理解题。依据TheEnglishWeSpeak部分的“Whateverlevelyouare,youwillfinditrewarding.(无论你是什么水平，你都会发觉它是有益的)”和ElementaryPodcast中的“Thispodcastismainlyforbeginnersandintermediatelevellearners.(该播客主要面对初学者和中级学习者)”可知，TheEnglishWeSpeak和ElementaryPodcast这两个博客的共同之处在于两者都适合初学者。故选D项。BIjustflewfromBerlin,Germany,toAtlanta,Gcorgia,andittookme24hoursduelotheweather-relateddelayduringmystopoverinNewYork.Likemanyotherpassengers,Iwassowormout,annoyed,andhelplessthatIcouldbarelyholdittogether.Thepilot,calledThiemyBeyeler,wasdifferent.Helefttheflightdeckandwalkedtothedissatisfiedpassengerstoapologizeandcomfortthem.Thepilot'sappropriatebehaviorsetthetoneandensurednoonegotangry.Itremindedmeofthebeautyof“elegance(优雅)underpressure”.ThierryBeyelerwasapilotwithSwissInternationalAirLines,forwhichheflewvariousaircraft.Duringthedelay,IhadthechancetospeaktoBeyelorandlearnabouthisexperienceasapilot.Hesaid,“Flyingisabitlikeeatingchocolate.Iloveeveryflight.However,whenyouhave16flightsinfourdays,thenthat'stoomuchchocolateforme..."Asforcrisis(危机)situations,hedidhaveafew.“Once,Ihadanenginefailure,butthat'srare,andwehandledit.Anothertime,wehadsmokeinthecabin,andwewenttolandquickly.Inend,itwasjusttheairconditioninghavingsomeproblems…."Hebelieves,"AsMurphty'slawputsit,'Whatcanbewrongwillgowrong'.Sothinkaboutitandtrytopreparementally."Beyelercontinued,"Comparedwithcars,aflightisahigh-riskenvironment;it'snotlikeridingabike.Eveniftherewasaminorerror,itcouldhavefatalconsequences.Everypilotisquiteprofessionalinthefield.Butitisthestrongmindset(观念模式)inthechaos(混乱)thatplaysthekeyrole.Humansstopintechnicalsystemstosolveitemscountlesstimesaday,anditwouldbedangerousifthepilotbecamenervousandforgotthat."I’vebeentouchedbyBeycler'swords.Iunderstandthathumanfactors,includingconfidence,courage,sensibility,andemotionalintelligencearebecomingmoreandmoreimportantintoday'sworld.4.HowdidBeyelersoundfacingthelongdelayaccordingtothetext?A.Discouragedandtired. B.Calmandpositive.C.Helplessandanxious. D.Annoyedandcold-hearted.5.WhatdoesBeyclerwanttoshowbymentioning"eatingchocolate"?A.Flyingbringshimmuchfun.B.Flyinginvolvesvariouscrisissituations.C.Toomanyflighttaskscanbeunacceptableforhim.D.ToomanycrisissituationshaveHappenedtohim.6.WhatdoesBeyelerconsiderimportantforpilotsduringcrises?A.Gainingagoodsenseoftime. B.Havinggreatstrengthofmind.C.Knowingallthetechnicalsystemswell. D.Havingagoodgraspofprofessionalknowledge.7.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofhiscommunicationwithBeyeler?A.Boring. B.Frightening. C.Rewarding D.Confusing【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲解并描述了作者通过和飞行员ThierryBeyeler沟通了解到飞行员这一职业的特点以及高要求，作者也获益匪浅。【4题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段“Thepilot,calledThierryBeyeler,wasdifferent.Helefttheflightdeckandwalkedtothedissatisfiedpassengerstoapologizeandcomfortthem.Thepilot’sappropriatebehaviorsetthetoneandensurednoonegotangry.(飞行员ThierryBeyeler则不同。他离开驾驶舱，走向不满的乘客，向他们致歉并劝慰他们。飞行员的得体行为奠定了基调，确保没有人生气)”可知，面对长时间的延误Beyeler既冷静又乐观。故选B。【5题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段“Hesaid,‘Flyingisabitlikeeatingchocolate.Iloveeveryflight.However,whenyouhave16flightsinfourdays,thenthat’stoomuchchocolateforme...’(他说：‘飞行有点像吃巧克力。我宠爱每一次飞行。然而，当你在4天内要飞16次航班时，那对我来说巧克力太多了……’)”可推知，Beyeler提到“吃巧克力”是想说明太多的飞行任务对他来说是无法接受的。故选C。【6题详解】微小环节理解题。依据倒数其次段“Butitisthestrongmindset(观念模式)inthechaos(混乱)thatplaysthekeyrole.(但在混乱中发挥关键作用的是坚毅的心态。)”可知，Beyeler认为，在危机中，对飞行员来说，有强大的意志力是至关重要的。故选B。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段“I’vebeentouchedbyBeycler'swords.Iunderstandthathumanfactors,includingconfidence,courage,sensibility,andemotionalintelligencearebecomingmoreandmoreimportantintoday'sworld.(我被Beyeler的话感动了。我明白，人的因素，包括自信、志气、责任和情商，在当今世界变得越来越重要)”可推知，作者认为与Beyeler的沟通是有益的。故选C。CMandyandJoehavebeenmarriedforfiveyearsandtheybothlovetravellingtonewcountries.Butwhilethishobbybringsthemtogether,itisalsoasourceofcontention.“Idoalltheplanningandbook.”saysMandy.Don’tgetmewrong.Ienjoyit,butifJoepaidabitmoreattention,hewouldn’thaveturnedupforaflighttoGrenadapackedforawintercitybreak.‘Jumpersandboots?!’Icried.’You’resupposedtohavepackedshortsandT-s—it’s30℃intheCaribbean!!ThenIrealizedhethoughtweweregoingtoGranada,inSpain.”HowJoeandMandyeachapproachtheirtravelplansisjustoneexampleofthemanywaysinwhichmenandwomendiffer.Yet,iswhatgoesoninsideourmindsandbodiesreallysodifferent?Furthermore,arewebornthatway?Onthisissue,scientistsaredivided.Themajorityofscientistsbelievedthatpatternsofbehaviorthoughttobe:maleorfemalearelearntfirstlyfromourparents,thenfromourpeers(同伴)and,ultimately,fromthesocietiesinwhichwelive.AsSimonedeBeauvoirfamouslysaid,“Oneisnotborn,butratherbecomes,awoman.”Ontheothersideofthefencesatthosewhobelievedthatmaleandfemalebrainsareactuallywired(与生俱来的)differently.Inonestudyinwhich34monkeyswererequiredtointeractwithdifferenttypesoftoys,themalesshowedsstrongpreferencefortoyswithwheelsratherthansofttoys,whereasthefemaleswerenoticeablydrawntosofttoys.Thesepreferenceswereclearlynottheresultofparentalinfluence.Whateverthetruthbehindthedifferencesbetweenmenandwomen,wecansafelyconcludethatalthoughthesocialimpactonhowwethinkandbehaveisundoubted,thereexistsabiologicalcontribution.Thequestionthatnowneedsansweringistowhatdegreebiologyaffectsthechoiceswemakeandthewayotherpeopletreatus.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contention”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Satisfaction. B.Disagreement C.Influence. D.Information9.Whattopicdoesthetextfocuson?A.Whethermenandwomenaredifferent B.Whymindsandbodiesaresodifferent.C.Howdifferentmalesandfemalesare. D.Whatcausesthesexdifference.10.Whatdoesthestudyaboutmonkeysprove?A.Monkeyshavetheirownpreferences. B.Parentsindeedhavestrongimpacts.C.Menandwomenareborndifferent. D.Femalesandmalesbehavedifferently.11.Whichstatementaboutsexdifferencesdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Biologyleadstothedifferences. B.Biologymostlyaffectsourchoices.C.Socialinfluencecanbeignored. D.Peershavemoreimpactthanparents.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以Mandy和Joe的故事为切入点，主要介绍男人和女人在行为模式上不同的缘由。【8题详解】词句揣测题。依据划线词前半句“Butwhilethishobbybringsthemtogether,(但是，虽然这个爱好让他们走到了一起，)”可知，虽然共同的爱好让他们走到一起，但这也是争辩的来源，因此划线词contention的意思是“争辩”，即Disagreement。故选B。【9题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是其次段的“HowJoeandMandyeachapproachtheirtravelplansisjustoneexampleofthemanywaysinwhichmenandwomendiffer.Yet,iswhatgoesoninsideourmindsandbodiesreallysodifferent?Furthermore,arewebornthatway?(乔和曼迪如何处理他们的旅行支配只是男人和女人在很多方面不同的一个例子。然而，我们的大脑和身体内部发生的事情真的如此不同吗？此外，我们是天生如此吗？)”可知，本文主要论述的是男人和女人在行为模式上不同的缘由，即“Whatcausesthesexdifference(性别差异的缘由。)”。故选D。【10题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第四段“Ontheothersideofthefencesatthosewhobelievedthatmaleandfemalebrainsareactuallywired(与生俱来的)differently.(另一方面，那些反对此观点的人认为男性和女性的大脑事实上是不同的。)”和“Thesepreferenceswereclearlynottheresultofparentalinfluence.(这些偏好明显不是父母影响的结果。)”可知，关于猴子的探讨证明白男人和女人是天生不同的。故选C。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段“Whateverthetruthbehindthedifferencesbetweenmenandwomen,wecansafelyconcludethatalthoughthesocialimpactonhowwethinkandbehaveisundoubted,thereexistsabiologicalcontribution.Thequestionthatnowneedsansweringistowhatdegreebiologyaffectsthechoiceswemakeandthewayotherpeopletreatus.(无论男女差异背后的真相是什么，我们都可以有把握地得出这样的结论:尽管社会对我们的思维和行为方式的影响是毋庸置疑的，但也存在着生理上的影响。现在须要回答的问题是，生物学在多大程度上影响了我们做出的选择以及他人对待我们的方式。)”可知，作者可能同意的关于性别差异的观点是生物学造成了这种差异。故选A。DScientistsinSwitzerlandhaveusedlasers(激光)tochangethepathofalightningstrike.TheexperimentwascarriedoutonSantismountaininSwitzerland,neararadioandTVtowerhitbylightningabout100timesayear.Usingaspeciallaser,theresearcherswereabletoguidethelightningstrike.Scientistshavebeentryingtofindawaytoprotectbuildingsfromlightningforalongtime.Atpresent,thebestwaytoprotectbuildingsfromlightningisbyputtingmetalrods(杆)onthebuildings.Theserodsareconnectedtotheground.Thelightningisattractedtotherods,whichsafelyguidetheelectricityintotheground.Butlightningrodscanonlyprotectasmallarea.Ifabuildingisverylarge,itneedsalotoflightningrods.Butsomebuildings-suchasairports-aresolargethatit’sdifficulttoprotectthewholebuildingusinglightningrods.Anotherideaistouselaserstoguidelightning.Theideaofusinglaserstoguidelightningisn’1new.Scientistshavebeenworkingontheideaforover20years.They’vesuccessfullyguidedlightningwithlasersinsidealaboratory.Butuntil2024,scientistsguidedlightningwithlasersoutside.Usingapowerfullaserthatcanfireabout1,000timesasecond,scientistsinSwitzerlandwereabletoguidelightningboltsfor164feet(50meters).Theheatfromthelasercreatesapathofairthatislessthickthantheairaroundit.Thepathalsohasaspecialcharge.Thelightningcanfollowthispathalmostasifitwerealightningrod.Inthepast,experimentswithlasersthatfiredmoreslowlydidn’twork.Managingtoguidethelightninginanoutdoorenvironmentisaverybigstep.Butdespitetheprogress,thelaserstillisn’tagoodchoicewhenitcomestoprotectinglargebuildings.12.Tostopabuildingfrombeingstrickenbylightning,itisbestto.A.equipitwithmetalrods B.positionitawayfromairportsC.builditonlow-lyingopenground D.keepitawayfromanykindofmetal13.Whatenablesthelasertoguidethelightning?A.Itscolor. B.Itsbrightness. C.Itsspeed. D.Itsconcentration.14.WhatwilltheparagraphfollowingthetextprobablytalkaboutA.Howthelasershouldbeimprovedtoprotectlargebuildings.B.Whenthelaserwillbewidelyusedtoprotectlargebuildings.C.Whyitisunnecessarytousethelasertoprotectlargebuildings.D.Whatpreventsthelaserfrombeingusedtoprotectlargebuildings.15.WhatisthebesttitleforthetextA.ScientistsFindaNewUseoftheLaserB.ScientistsGuideLightningwiththeLaserC.ANewIdeaHasBeenTestedtoGuideLightningD.ANewWaytoProtectBuildingsHasBeenFound【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞士科学家利用激光变更了雷击的路径。【12题详解】微小环节理解题。依据文章其次段“Scientistshavebeentryingtofindawaytoprotectbuildingsfromlightningforalongtime.Atpresent,thebestwaytoprotectbuildingsfromlightningisbyputtingmetalrods(杆)onthebuildings.(长期以来，科学家们始终在努力找寻一种疼惜建筑物免受雷击的方法。目前，疼惜建筑物免受雷击的最好方法是在建筑物上放置金属棒。)”可知，目前疼惜建筑物免受雷击的最好方法是在建筑物上放置金属棒。故选A。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第三段“Butuntil2024,scientistsguidedlightningwithlasersoutside.Usingapowerfullaserthatcanfireabout1,000timesasecond,scientistsinSwitzerlandwereabletoguidelightningboltsfor164feet(50meters).(但直到2024年，科学家们都在室外用激光引导闪电。瑞士的科学家们利用一种每秒放射约1000次的强大激光，能够引导164英尺(50米)的闪电。)”可知，激光之所以能够用来引导闪电是因为激光的速度。故选C。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据文章最终一段“Butdespitetheprogress,thelaserstillisn’tagoodchoicewhenitcomestoprotectinglargebuildings.(但是，尽管取得了进展，激光在疼惜大型建筑物方面照旧不是一个好的选择。)”可推断，文章接下来会说明为什么激光不被用于疼惜大型建筑。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。依据文章第一段“ScientistsinSwitzerlandhaveusedlasers(激光)tochangethepathofalightningstrike.TheexperimentwascarriedoutonSantismountaininSwitzerland,neararadioandTVtowerhitbylightningabout100timesayear.Usingaspeciallaser,theresearcherswereabletoguidethelightningstrike.(瑞士科学家利用激光变更了雷击的路径。这项试验是在瑞士的桑蒂斯山上进行的，那里靠近一座每年被闪电击中约100次的广播电视塔。运用一种特殊的激光，探讨人员能够引导雷击。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了瑞士科学家利用激光引导雷击。所以“ScientistsGuideLightningwiththeLaser(科学家用激光引导闪电)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。其次节七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Readingadog’sbodylanguagerequiresexperienceandexpertguidance.ZazieTodd,adogtrainerandfounderoftheblogCompanionAnimalPsychology,thinksabouthowtounderstanddogs’behaviour.____16____They’reexpectingpunishmentbutdon’tnecessarilyknowtheirbehavioriswrong.AlexandraHorowitz,aprofessoratBarnardCollegewhoresearchesdogs’cognition(认知),pointsoutthe“guilty”lookislinkedtobeingscoldedbytheowner.IfyourdoglickstheirmouthThey’restressed.Recently,twoEuropeanstudieshavehighlightedthemeaningofthislicking.Onefoundthatitwasadog’sresponsetoseeinganangryoraggressivehumanfaceonacomputerscreen.____17____Ifyouspotthissign,tryreducingyourdog’sstresslevels.Itcouldbeassimpleasgivingthemmorephysicalspace.Iftherearefireworksandyourdogisshaking____18____Thisisacommonreaction,butasurprisingnumberofpeopledon’trealizethatshakingandtremblingaresignsoffear.Whereasonlyaquarterofownerssaytheirdogisafraidofloudnoises,halfreportthesebehavioralsigns.Ifyouareatthevetandyourdog’stailisdownThey’reanxious.Obvioussignsofanunhappydogincludehidingortryingtoleavetheexamroom,butcommonlymissedtriggersrangefromatuckedtailandloweredearstotrembling.____19____Manyvetsnowusefoodtomaketheexperiencemorefun.IfyourdogleansintoyouduringapettingtimeTheylikeit!Ifyou’reunsurethatadogisenjoyingbeingpetted,stop,thenwatchtheirreaction.Iftheychoosetowanderoff,thepettingtimeisover.Othersignsofdiscomfortincludesniffingthefloor,lookingawayandbreathingheavily.However,iftheyleanonyouorpawatyoutogetmorehugs,continue!____20____A.Thisbehaviormeanstheylikeit.B.Theyarefrightenedbythenoises.C.Ifyourdoggetsstressedatappointments,askwhatcanbedone.D.Ifyourdoglooksguiltywhenyouwalkinthedoorandseeamess.E.Starttopetthemandremainnearbysothatyourdogwouldbecomforted.F.Theotherdeterminedthatdogslicktheirmouthsinresponsetoamildthreat.G.Preferredpartsontheirbodiesaretoeithersideofthechestandunderthechin.【答案】16.D17.F18.B19.C20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就狗的一些常见肢体语言进行说明说明。【16题详解】依据本段内容“They’reexpectingpunishmentbutdon’tnecessarilyknowtheirbehavioriswrong.AlexandraHorowitz,aprofessoratBarnardCollegewhoresearchesdogs’cognition(认知),pointsoutthe“guilty”lookislinkedtobeingscoldedbytheowner.(他们知道会有惩处，但不愿定知道自己的行为是错误的。巴纳德学院探讨狗的认知的教授AlexandraHorowitz指出，“内疚”的表情与被主子责骂有关)”可知，本段主要是关于狗看起来内疚的状况，D选项中guilty对应后文guilty。故D选项“当你走进门看到一塌糊涂的东西时，假如你的狗看起来很内疚”符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】依据标题“Ifyourdoglickstheirmouth(假如你的狗舔他们的嘴)”以及前文“Onefoundthatitwasadog’sresponsetoseeinganangryoraggressivehumanfaceonacomputerscreen.(其中一项探讨发觉，这是狗在电脑屏幕上看到生气或目空一切的人脸时的反应)”可知，本段主要是关于狗舔嘴的说明，F选项licktheirmouths对应标题licktheirmouths。故F选项“另一项探讨认为，狗舔嘴是对略微威逼的反应”符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】依据后文“Thisisacommonreaction,butasurprisingnumberofpeopledon’trealizethatshakingandtremblingaresignsoffear.Whereasonlyaquarterofownerssaytheirdogisafraidofloudnoises,halfreportthesebehavioralsigns.(这是一种常见的反应，但令人惊异的是，很多人没有意识到振动和颤抖是恐惊的迹象。虽然只有四分之一的主子说他们的狗胆怯 大的噪音，但有一半的人报告了这些行为迹象)”可知，本段主要说明白狗胆怯 大的噪音，B选项noises对应后文loudnoises。故B选项“它们胆怯 噪音”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】依据上文“They’reanxious.Obvioussignsofanunhappydogincludehidingortryingtoleavetheexamroom,butcommonlymissedtriggersrangefromatuckedtailandloweredearstotrembling.(他们焦虑。狗不欢乐的明显迹象包括躲起来或试图离开检查室，但通常错过的触发因素包括夹起尾巴、垂下耳朵、颤抖)”以及后文“Manyvetsnowusefoodtomaketheexperiencemorefun.(很多兽医现在用食物来增加体验的乐趣)”可知，后文提到了减轻狗压力的方法，可知本句主要是针对感到压力应当怎么办进行提问。故C选项“假如你的狗在检查时感到压力，问问能做些什么”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】依据上文“However,iftheyleanonyouorpawatyoutogetmorehugs,continue!(然而，假如它们靠在你身上或用爪子抓你来得到更多的拥抱，接着！)”可知，上文提到了接着摩挲自己的宠物，本句为本段最终一句，G选项“它们宠爱的（被摩挲的）身体部位是胸部两侧和下巴下面”符合语境，就摩挲的部位进行进一步说明。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文；从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iarguedwithmysixteen-year-oldsonAnthonyagain.Irushedoutofthehousewith___21___.Shakingmyheadindisappointmentandseeking(寻求)___22___,IwalkedtowardClara,myelderlyneighbor.Itoldheritwasforhis___23___thistime.AnthonyandIwerealways___24___abouthisclothes,hismessyroom,orhisloudmusic.Clara___25___andsaid,“It’sonlyasmallthing.”Thenthesmiledisappearedfromherface,andshebecame___26___.Duringherhardlife,shehad___27___tosay,“ButIt’sonlysomething,andtomorrowwillbe___28___.Everybodyhasenoughheartachesand___29___intheirlives,soweshouldn’twastetimeandenergyonthe“it’sonlythings”thatcometheirway.”shecontinued.IwalkedbackwithClara’swordsgoingaroundinmyheadand____30____inmyheart.IpreparedapieceofcakeAnthony’sfavorite____31____.Hestaredattheplateeagerly,buttherewasstillahitof____32____inhiseyes.Helookedatmeand____33____askedwhyIhadnoonewordabouthishair.Isaiditwasonlyhair.He____34____asmileashetookthecakeandsaidthatwaswhathehadbeentryingtotellme.NowIrealizethatheactuallydidn’twanttofightwithmebutjustwantedmetohearthe____35____hewasmaking.21.A.fear B.anger C.joy D.satisfaction22.A.respect B.courage C.comfort D.trust23.A.haircut B.clothes C.room D.study24.A.complaining B.arguing C.thinking D.joking25.A.agreed B.hesitated C.smiled D.approached26.A.nervous B.patient C.proud D.serious27.A.regretted B.planned C.refused D.learned28.A.harder B.familiar C.better D.similar29.A.power B.trouble C.peace D.danger30.A.takingroot B.breakingup C.tuningover D.clearingaway31.A.memory B.collection C.decoration D.treat32.A.relief B.doubt C.interest D.excitement33.A.curiously B.officially C.confidently D.wisely34.A.hid B.exchanged C.managed D.won35.Awish B.promise C.deal D.point【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.C26.D27.D28.C29.B30.A31.D32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了作者和儿子常常争吵，而邻居开导作者只是些小事，作者也起先不再为这些事和儿子争吵。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我怒气冲天地冲出房子。A.fear恐惊；B.anger生气；C.joy欢乐；D.satisfaction满意。依据上文“Iarguedwithmysixteen-year-oldsonAnthonyagain.(我又和16岁的儿子安东尼吵了起来)”可知，作者和儿子吵架，生气冲出家门。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我悲观地摇着头，寻求劝慰，向我年迈的邻居克拉拉走去。A.respect敬重；B.courage志气；C.comfort劝慰；D.trust信任。依据后文“IwalkedtowardClara,myelderlyneighbor.”可知，作者去找邻居是因为和儿子吵架，去找寻劝慰的。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告知她这次吵架是为了他的发型。A.haircut理发，发型；B.clothes衣服；C.room房间；D.study书房。依据后文“whyIhadnoonewordabouthishair”可知，这次吵架是因为儿子的发型。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：安东尼和我总是争吵他的衣服，他凌乱的房间，或者他吵闹的音乐。A.complaining投诉；B.arguing争吵；C.thinking思索；D.joking开玩笑。呼应上文“Iarguedwithmysixteen-year-oldsonAnthonyagain.”指两人因为儿子的衣服、房间和音乐争吵。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：克拉拉微笑着说，“这只是一件小事。”A.agreed同意；B.hesitated迟疑；C.smiled微笑；D.approached靠近。依据后文“It’sonlyasmallthing.”可知，克拉拉认为只是小事，所以微笑。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后她脸上的笑容消逝了，她变得肃穆起来。A.nervous惊惶的；B.patient耐性的；C.proud傲岸的；D.serious肃穆的。依据后文“Duringherhardlife”可知，克拉拉生活艰苦，所以变得肃穆起来。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她艰苦的生活中，她学会了说：“这只是一些事情，明天会更好的。”A.regretted懊悔；B.planned支配；C.refused拒绝；D.learned学习。依据上文“Duringherhardlife,shehad”可知，艰苦的生活教会她学着说只是一些小事，明天会更好。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她艰苦的生活中，她学会了说：“这只是一些事情，明天会更好的。”A.harder更努力的；B.familiar熟识的；C.better更好的；D.similar相像的。依据上文“It’sonlysomething,andtomorrowwillbe”可知，克拉拉坚信明天会更好。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“每个人在他们的生活中都有足够的难受和麻烦，所以我们不应当奢侈时间和精力在‘这只是小事’上。”她接着说道。A.power力气；B.trouble麻烦；C.peace和平；D.danger紧急。依据上文“Everybodyhasenoughheartachesand”指每个人都有难受和麻烦事，故选B。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我走回去，克拉拉的话在我的脑海里回旋，在我的心里扎根。A.takingroot扎根；B.breakingup分手；C.tuningover翻转；D.clearingaway清除。依据上文“Clara’swordsgoingaroundinmyhead”可知，克拉拉的话让作者印象深刻，所以克拉拉的话在作者的脑海里回旋，在作者的心里扎根。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我打算了一块蛋糕，这是安东尼最爱吃的。A.memory记忆；B.collection保藏品；C.decoration装饰；D.treat甜食，款待。依据上文“Ipreparedapieceofcake,Anthony’sfavorite”可知，作者打算了儿子爱吃的蛋糕，treat表示“甜食”符合语境。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他急迫地盯着盘子，但眼里仍有一丝疑虑。A.relief劝慰；B.doubt怀疑；C.interest爱好；D.excitement激烈。依据后文“askedwhyIhadnoonewordabouthishair”可知，儿子对作者的行为存有疑虑，故选B。33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他看着我，新奇 地问我为什么对他的头发只字不提。A.curiously新奇 地；B.officially官方地；C.confidently自信地；D.wisely明智地。依据后文“askedwhyIhadnoonewordabouthishair”可知，儿子新奇 地问作者为什么不再关切他的头发了。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他牵强挤出一丝微笑，接过蛋糕，说那正是他始终想告知我的。A.hid隐藏；B.exchanged交换；C.managed牵强做到，设法；D.won赢得。依据后文“asmileashetookthecake”指儿子牵强挤出一丝微笑，接过蛋糕，故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我意识到他其实并不想和我吵架，只是想让我听听他的意思。A.wish愿望；B.promise承诺；C.deal交易；D.point意图，要点。依据后文“hewasmaking”可知为短语makethepoint表示“表达观点”。故选D。其次节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThevideoseriesEscapefromtheBritishMuseum(《逃出大英博物馆》)releasedonSundayhasdrawnonlineattention.____36____(direct)bytwoChinesevloggers,thevideoseriestellsthestoryofaChineseculturalrelicescapingfromtheBritishMuseum____37____lookingforawaytoreturntoitshomeland.Viewerswere____38____(extreme)movedbyascenewherethelittleteapotexclaims“Suchabigcabinetissharedonlybytwopeople”on____39____(arrive)attheplaceofthejournalistandbisfriend.Thevideos____40____(encourage)byanetizen,whosuggestedmaking____41____videoshowingChineseculturalrelicsreturninghomefromoverseas.Accordingtothetwovloggers,theyhadconsulted(查阅)alotofinformationandwenttotheUK____42____(shoot).Theysaidtheplots(情节)werebasedonhistoricfactsandtriedtofocusattention____43____overseasChineseculturalrelicsheldabroad.DatapublishedbytheUNSCEOshowsthatabout1.6millionChineseculturalrelicswerestolenfromChinaandcollectedby47museumsaroundtheworld,among____44____theBritishMuseumhasthe_____45_____(large)collection,atabout23,000pieces.ManywerestolenfromthecourtoftheQingDynastyduringtheSiegeofBeijingbytheEight-NationAlliancein1900.【答案】36.Directed37.and38.extremely39.arriving40.wereencouraged41.a42.toshoot43.on44.which45.largest【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了纪录片《逃出大英博物馆》，该纪录片由两位