内蒙古包头市2024-2025学年高三英语上学期第一次月考试题含解析

Page212024-2025学年第一学期月考试题高三英语留意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。笔试部分一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheTangDynasty,whichlastedfrom618to907AD,isoftenconsideredasChina’sgoldenage.IndeedChinesecultureflourishedundertheTang,andTangpoetsareperhapsthebestknownofallChineseliteraryfigures.ThefollowingarefourschoolsofTangpoetry.Takealook.FrontierFortressPoetry(边塞诗)GaoShiCenShenandWangChanglingarerepresentativesofthispoetry.Itmainlydescribesthehardshipofthebattlefield,heroicspiritofdefendingthehomeland,orhomesicknessofsoldiers.RepresentativeworksincludeOvertheBorcferbyWangChangling,SongofWriteSnowonSecretaryWu’sReturntoCapitalbyCenShen,etc.LandscapePastoralPoetryTherepresentativesofthisschoolareWangWeiandMengHaoran.Manyofitsthemesaremountains,cloudsandhermits(隐士).Itsstyleissimpleandelegant.TherepresentativeworksincludeThinkingofMyBrothersonMountainClimbingDaybyWangWei,SpringMorningbyMengandsoon.RomanticPoetryLiBaiisatypicalrepresentativeofromanticpoetry,whoenjoysthetitleof“GeniusofPoetry”.Toexpresshisdesireforfreedomandpersonalvalue,hispoetryisfreeandbold,withcreativeimagination.OneofhismostfamouspoemsisATranquilNight,whichisabouthomesickness,includedinmanyschooltextbooks.RealisticPoetryDuFuisknownasthe“SageofPoetry”.Hispoemsareinarealisticartstylewithstrongfeelingsofcompassionandconcernforthedestiny(命运)ofthecountry.Hisworks“ThreeOfficials”and“ThreeFarewells”bothreflectpeople’ssufferingsatthattime.1.WhoisoneoftherepresentativesofFrontierFortressPoetry?A.WangWei. B.CenShen.C.LiBai. D.DuFu.2.Whichpoemiswrittenbyaromanticpoet?A.SpringMorning.B.OvertheBorder.C.ATranquilNight.D.ThinkingofMyBrothersonMountainClimbingDay.3.Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementisright?A.MengHaoranistherepresentativeofRomanticPoetry.B.TheTangDynastylastedfrom608to917AD.C.LiBaiisknownasthe“SageofPoetry”.D.“ThreeFarewells”reflectspeople’ssufferingsintheTangDynasty.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了唐诗的四个流派。【1题详解】微小环节理解题。依据FrontierFortressPoetry(边塞诗)中GaoShi,CenShenandWangChanglingarerepresentativesofthispoetry.“高师、岑参、王长岭是这一诗派的代表人物。”由此可知，CenShen是边塞诗的代表人物之一。故选B。【2题详解】微小环节理解题。依据RomanticPoetry中OneofhismostfamouspoemsisATranquilNight,whichisabouthomesickness,includedinmanyschooltextbooks.“他最著名的一首诗是《宁静的夜晚》，这是一首关于思乡的诗，许多学校的教科书里都有。”由此可知，ATranquilNight这首诗是浪漫主义诗人写的。故选C。3题详解】微小环节理解题。依据RealisticPoetry中的Hisworks“ThreeOfficials”and“ThreeFarewells”bothreflectpeople’ssufferingsatthattime.他的作品“ThreeOfficials”和“ThreeFarewells”都反映了当时人民的苦难。由此可知，“ThreeFarewells”反映了唐代人民的苦难。故选D。【点睛】在微小环节考查题中有一类事实微小环节题。该题属于微小环节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的微小环节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是干脆理解题，在原文中可以干脆找到答案。其次种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题确定要抓住事务发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案确定要符合原文，切不行望文生义。本题第3小题，依据RealisticPoetry中的Hisworks“ThreeOfficials”and“ThreeFarewells”bothreflectpeople’ssufferingsatthattime.他的作品“ThreeOfficials”和“ThreeFarewells”都反映了当时人民的苦难。由此可知，“ThreeFarewells”反映了唐代人民的苦难。故选D。BVeryearlyoninmysenioryearofhighschool,myparentscarriedtheflameofworryingaboutmyfuturecollege.Iwaswillingtogotoa2-yearcollegebeforegoingaftermybachelor,sdegree.Thiswasfortworeasons—tohelpthemsavemoneyandtomakesureImajorinEnglish.However,theyinsistedIattenda4-yearcollegerightoffthebat.Iwaspushedtostartsearchingforcollegestherefore,onesthatmyparentsapprovedofandthatwerewithintherangeoftuitionthatmymomthoughtwasacceptable.Iwasalsolimitedtotheimmediateareas,whichonlyincludedNewYork,Connecticut,Pennsylvania,andNewJersey,soIcannotapplyforanycollegesinoneofmyfavoriteplaces—NewHampshire.I’llbehonest.Itgotabittenseattimeswithseveraldifferentopinionsbetweenmyparentsandme,andwithotherfamilymembersorfriendsvoicingtheirthoughtstomyparents.Intheend,Iendedupapplyingforthreeschools—SUNYAlbany,SUNYNewPaltzandKutztownUniversityinPennsylvania.IhadbeentoNewPaltzquiteoftenasitwasonly45minutesawayfromourhome.AndKutztownislocatedinanareaourfamilyoftenvisited.Iwasacceptedbyallthree,andIquicklygaveupAlbany.Iwasnotimpressedwiththecityandwasn’tfamiliarwiththearea.ItwasbetweenNewPaltzandKutztown.Afterafewweeks,IendedupsettlingonNewPaltzbecauseKutztownjustdidn’t“feelright”forme.WhenIwasoncampus,Ihadafeelingthatthiswasit.Lookingbacknow,IwishIhadknownmoreabouttheapplicationprocessandhadalittlemorefreedomofchoiceaboutwhichcollegeIcouldapplyfor.IprobablywouldstillhaveattendedSUNYNewPaltz.4.Whatdidtheauthor’sparentsthinkheshoulddo?A.Chooseacollegethatcouldprovidegoodjobs.B.Gotoacommunitycollegetosavemoney.C.Chooseacollegethathelikedbest.D.Gotoa4-yearcollegedirectly.5.Whydidn’ttheauthorchoosecollegesinNewHampshire?A.Hedidntliketheplace.B.Hissituationdidn’tallowit.C.Thelivingexpensesthereweretoohigh.D.Hewasn’tsurewhetherornothewouldfitinthere.6.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthisfinalchoice?A.Embarrassed. B.Frightened.C.Satisfied. D.Worried.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowIchosemycollege B.HowtoapplyforacollegeC.Differentchoices,differentfuture D.Themeaningofattendingcollege【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲解并描述作者是如何选择高校的。【4题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第一段最终一句theyinsistedIattenda4-yearcollegerightoffthebat.“他们一起先就坚持要我上四年制的高校。”由此可知，父母让他干脆上四年制高校。故选D。【5题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段Iwaspushedtostartsearchingforcollegestherefore,onesthatmyparentsapprovedofandthatwerewithintherangeoftuitionthatmymomthoughtwasacceptable.Iwasalsolimitedtotheimmediateareas,whichonlyincludedNewYork,Connecticut,Pennsylvania,andNewJersey,soIcannotapplyforanycollegesinoneofmyfavoriteplaces—NewHampshire.“因此，我被迫起先找寻我父母认可的、在我母亲认为可以接受的学费范围内的高校。我也被限制在旁边的地区，只包括纽约、康涅狄格、宾夕法尼亚和新泽西，所以我不能申请我最宠爱的地方之一——新罕布什尔的任何高校。”由此推断出，作者没有选择新罕布什尔的高校是因为他的状况不允许这样。故选B。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中Afterafewweeks,IendedupsettlingonNewPaltzbecauseKutztownjustdidn’t“feelright”forme.WhenIwasoncampus,Ihadafeelingthatthiswasit.“几周后，我最终选择了新帕尔茨，因为库茨敦对我来说“不太合适”。当我在学校的时候，我有一种就应当是这样的感觉。”由此推知，者对他最终的选择是“感到满意的”。故选C。【7题详解】标题推断题。依据第一段Veryearlyoninmysenioryearofhighschool,myparentscarriedtheflameofworryingaboutmyfuturecollege.Iwaswillingtogotoa2-yearcollegebeforegoingaftermybachelor,sdegree.Thiswasfortworeasons—tohelpthemsavemoneyandtomakesureImajorinEnglish.However,theyinsistedIattenda4-yearcollegerightoffthebat.“早在我高三的时候，我的父母就对我将来的高校生活忧心忡忡。在获得学士学位之前，我想上两年制的高校。这样做有两个缘由:一是为了帮助他们省钱，二是为了确保我的专业是英语。然而，他们坚持要我立刻去读四年制的高校。”以及最终一段“Lookingbacknow,IwishIhadknownmoreabouttheapplicationprocessandhadalittlemorefreedomofchoiceaboutwhichcollegeIcouldapplyfor.”现在回想起来，我希望我对申请过程有更多的了解，对申请哪所高校有更多的自由选择。由此可知，短文的最佳标题诶是“我是如何选择高校的。”故选A。【点睛】推理推断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出确定的推理推断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理推断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是依据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理推断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,concludeindicate等标记性词语。本题第3小题，依据倒数其次段中Afterafewweeks,IendedupsettlingonNewPaltzbecauseKutztownjustdidn’t“feelright”forme.WhenIwasoncampus,Ihadafeelingthatthiswasit.“几周后，我最终选择了新帕尔茨，因为库茨敦对我来说“不太合适”。当我在学校的时候，我有一种就应当是这样的感觉。”由此推知，者对他最终的选择是“感到满意的”感觉。故选C。CRecently,themostheatedtopicof“whichistherightbinformygarbage”hassweptChina.ShanghaiisamongChina’sfirstcitiestointroducegarbageclassification(垃圾分类)andalsothecountry’smostseriousinitsperforming.SinceJuly1,2024,Shanghairesidentshavebeenrequiredbylawtosortgarbageintofourdifferentcategories,ortheycouldfacefines.Individuals,includingtourists,canbefined200yuanforfailingtosorttheirwasteproperly,whilecompaniesandinstitutionscanbefinedupto50,000yuan.Thegovernmenthassetuponlineappstohandlesortingquestions,andannouncedguidelinestoaddressthe“one-size-fits-all”method.Thecountryisabouttoinvestover21billionyuanintheconstructionofgarbageprocessingfacilitiestomeetdemands.Nowit’sintroducingartificialintelligenceintoitswastemanagementsystem,bysettinguplittlecamerasinmanysetsofbins.However,noteveryfacecanberecognizedbythesmartdustbinuntilyouregisterforthesystem.Onceregistrationiscomplete,userswillscanaQRcodeonthebin,whichthenopensituptoallowforgarbagedisposal(处理).Now,eachhouseholdgetsonespecialQRcodeforthrowingoutwaste.Here,theintelligentbinsdon’tjustcalculategarbageweight,theyalsohelpresidentsgainrewardsbycollectingpointsthroughthespecialapp.Chinaissteppingintotheageofcompulsorygarbagesortingwithitscitiesrevisinglawsongarbageclassification.ForShanghai,sixtypercentofthecityisexpectedtocarryoutgarbagesortingbytheendof2024,and90percentby2024.Garbagesortingis,withoutdoubt,acostlybutworthwhileendeavor.Itisgoodfortheenvironmentandimportantforthecountry’ssustainabledevelopment(可持续发展),andmayfinallyturnouttobeapromisingindustryaswell.8.Whatisthecorrectorderinusingsmartgarbagesortingsystem?①Gainrewards.②Openupthebin③Registerforthesystem.④ScanaQRcodeonthebin.A.③④②① B.④②③①C.③①②④ D.④③②①9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“endeavor”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Effort. B.Fashion.C.Announcement. D.Decision.10.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.Theintelligentbinscanonlyshowgarbageweight.B.ResidentshavetosortgarbageintofourdifferentcategoriesinShanghai.C.Ifcompaniesforgettosorttheirwaste,theycanbefined200yuan.D.Touristscanavoidbeingfinedforfailingtosorttheirwastecorrectly.11.Whydoesourcountrypushaheadwithcompulsorygarbagesorting?ATobuildagarbagesortingsystem.B.Toincreasetheuseofartificialintelligence.C.Topromotesustainabledevelopmentofenvironment.D.Tosupporttheconstructionofgarbageprocessingfacilities.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。最近，最热门的话题“哪个垃圾桶最适合我的垃圾”席卷了中国。在上海，居民必需把垃圾分成四类。我国要推行强制垃圾分类是为了促进环境的可持续发展。【8题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第四段However,noteveryfacecanberecognizedbythesmartdustbinuntilyouregisterforthesystem.Onceregistrationiscomplete,userswillscanaQRcodeonthebin,whichthenopensituptoallowforgarbagedisposal(处理).Now,eachhouseholdgetsonespecialQRcodeforthrowingoutwaste.Here,theintelligentbinsdon’tjustcalculategarbageweight,theyalsohelpresidentsgainrewardsbycollectingpointsthroughthespecialapp.“然而，并不是每一张脸都能被智能垃圾桶识别，直到你注册了这个系统。注册完成后，用户将扫描垃圾桶上的二维码，然后打开垃圾桶进行垃圾处理。现在，每个家庭都有一个特殊的二维码来扔垃圾。在这里，智能垃圾桶不仅可以计算垃圾的重量，还可以通过这款特殊的应用，帮助居民通过积分获得嘉奖。”由此可知，运用智能垃圾分类系统的正确依次是A项③④②①。故选A。【9题详解】词义揣测题。依据最终一段中ForShanghai,sixtypercentofthecityisexpectedtocarryoutgarbagesortingbytheendof2024,and90percentby2024.在上海，预料到2024年底，60%的城市将进行垃圾分类，到2024年，这一比例将达到90%。和Itisgoodfortheenvironmentandimportantforthecountry’ssustainabledevelopment(可持续发展),andmayfinallyturnouttobeapromisingindustryaswell.“它对环境有好处，对国家的可持续发展也很重要，最终可能会成为一个有前途的行业。”由此推知，Garbagesortingis,withoutdoubt,acostlybutworthwhileendeavor.（毫无疑问，垃圾分类是一项成本昂扬但值得努力的工作。）中的划线词的意思是“努力”。故选A。【10题详解】微小环节理解题。依据其次段中SinceJuly1,2024,Shanghairesidentshavebeenrequiredbylawtosortgarbageintofourdifferentcategories,ortheycouldfacefines.“自2024年7月1日起，上海居民被法律要求将垃圾分为四类，否则将面临罚款。”由此可知，在上海，居民必需把垃圾分成四类。故选B。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中Itisgoodfortheenvironmentandimportantforthecountry’ssustainabledevelopment(可持续发展),andmayfinallyturnouttobeapromisingindustryaswell.“它对环境有好处，对国家的可持续发展也很重要，最终可能会成为一个有前途的行业。”由此推断出，我国要推行强制垃圾分类是为了促进环境的可持续发展。故选C。D(TheNewYorkTimes,Oct.7)The2024NobelPrizeinphysiology(生理学)ormedicinewasjointlyawardedtothreescientists—WilliamG.KaelinJr.,PeterJ.RatcliffeandGreggL.Semenza—fortheirworkonhowcellssenseandadapttooxygenavailability.TheNobelAssemblyannouncedtheprizeattheKarolinskaInstituteinStockholmonMonday.Theirworkestablishedthegeneticmechanisms(机制)thatallowcellstorespondtochangesinoxygenlevels.Thefindingshaveimplications(启示)fortreatingavarietyofdiseases.Whydidtheywin?“Oxygenisthelifebloodoflivingorganisms(生物体),”saidDr.GeorgeDaley,deanofHarvardMedicalSchool.“Withoutoxygen,cellscan’tsurvive.”Buttoomuchortoolittleoxygencanbedeadly.Thethreeresearcherstriedtoanswerthisquestion:Howdocellsregulatetheirresponses?Theinvestigatorsuncovereddetailedgeneticresponsestochangingoxygenlevelsthatallowcellsinthebodiesofhumansandotheranimalstosenseandrespondtofluctuations(波动),increasinganddecreasinghowmuchoxygentheyreceive.Whyistheworkimportant?Thediscoveriesrevealthecellularmechanismsthatcontrolsuchthingsasadaptationtohighaltitudesandhowcancercellsmanagetohijack(攫取)oxygen.RandallJohnson,amemberoftheNobelAssembly,describedtheworkasa“textbookdiscovery”andsaiditwouldbesomethingstudentswouldstartlearningatthemostbasiclevelsofbiologyeducation.“Thisisabasicaspectofhowacellworks,andIthinkfromthatstandpointaloneit’saveryexcitingthing.”Johnsonsaid.Theresearchalsohasimplicationsfortreatingvariousdiseasesinwhichoxygenisinshortsupply—includinganemia,heartattacksandstrokes—aswellasfortreatmentofcancersthatarefedbyandseekoutoxygen.12.ThisresearchhaswontheNobelPrizemainlybecause____________.A.therewasnoresearchofthiskindinthepastB.oxygenisthelifebloodoflivingthingsC.ithasuncoveredhowcellssenseandrespondtochangesinoxygenlevelsD.variousdiseaseswillbecuredwiththehelpofthefindingsoftheresearch13.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_____________.A.TheNobelPrizewasawardedtoaphysiologistonMondayinSweden.B.Cancercellsmanagetohijackoxygenandneedoxygentodevelop.C.Themoreoxygenthereisinblood,thehealthieralivingbodywillbe.D.Thegeneticmechanismshavebeenfoundthatallowoxygentoadapttocells.14.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedwordinthetext?A.usedfortextbooks B.powerfulandauthoritativeC.typicalasaperfectexample D.basicandclear15.InwhichpartofTheNewYorkTimescanyoufindthisarticle?A.Entertainment B.CultureC.Technology D.Science【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明白2024年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖联合授予了三位科学家，他们发觉了细胞如何感知并适应氧气变更的含量。这是一项具有开创性的发觉，为抗击贫血、癌症和许多其他疾病的新策略铺平了道路。【12题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第一段中…fortheirworkonhowcellssenseandadapttooxygenavailability.（以表彰他们在细胞感知和适应氧气供应的适应性方面所做的工作。）可知这项探讨之所以获得诺贝尔奖，主要是因为它揭示了细胞如何感知和响应氧气水平的变更。故选C。13题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第五段中Thediscoveriesrevealthecellularmechanismsthatcontrolsuchthingsasadaptationtohighaltitudesandhowcancercellsmanagetohijack(攫取)oxygen.（这些发觉揭示了细胞机制，这些机制限制着对高海拔环境的适应，以及癌细胞是如何攫取氧气的。）我们可以从文章中得知癌细胞设法攫取氧气并须要氧气来发育。故选B。【14题详解】词义揣测题。依据下文itwouldbesomethingstudentswouldstartlearningatthemostbasiclevelsofbiologyeducation它将是学生在最基础的生物教化阶段就起先学习的东西，可知RandallJohnson称这项探讨是很典型的发觉，是“教科书式的发觉”。故可知划线单词意思为“典型的”，故选C。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第一段(TheNewYorkTimes,Oct.7)The2024NobelPrizeinphysiologyormedicinewasjointlyawardedtothreescientists—WilliamG.KaelinJr.,PeterJ.RatcliffeandGreggL.Semenza—fortheirworkonhowcellssenseandadapttooxygenavailability.（(《纽约时报》10月7日报道)2024年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖联合授予了三位科学家——WilliamG.KaelinJr.、PeterJ.Ratcliffe和GreggL.Semenza，以表彰他们在细胞感知和适应氧气供应方面所做的工作。）以及文章的主要内容围绕他们的发觉，可知你可以在《纽约时报》的科学版上找到这篇文章。故选D。【点睛】词义揣测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以依据定义信息和举例揣测词义。如文中常用referto，becalled或that’stosay，suchas等。②逻辑猜词可以依据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等揣测词义，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。③语法猜词，可以依据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词，揣测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文供应的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要留意指代词的位置，以便于推断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一样，最终比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。如第三小题，依据下文itwouldbesomethingstudentswouldstartlearningatthemostbasiclevelsofbiologyeducation它将是学生在最基础的生物教化阶段就起先学习的东西，可知RandallJohnson称这项探讨是很典型的发觉，是“教科书式的发觉”。故可知划线单词意思为“典型的”，故选C。其次节：（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whetheryouvolunteeratananimalshelterorinahospital,volunteeringisawonderfulopportunitytobringgoodintotheworldandsupportyourcommunity.Therearealotofdifferentvolunteeropportunities.____16____Herearesometipsonhowtobeanevenbettervolunteer.Volunteerforsomethingyoulove.____17____Ifyourpassionishelpingthosewithcancer,volunteertoraisemoneyforresearch.Ifyou’repassionateaboutimprovingtheenvironment,volunteertopickuptrashinpublicplaces.Yourpassionwillkeepyoumotivated,soputyoureffortintosomethingyoutreasure.____18____Youareprobablynotbestsuitedfordirectingtrafficifyouareshy.Berespectfultothoseorganizers,butletthemknowyourstrengthsandshowthemhowyourstrengthscanbebeneficialinyourvolunteerwork.Findthebalancethatbringsyourtalentstothetableandreallyhelpstheorganization.Beontime.Thisisasimplebutimportantidea.Thinkaboutbeinglateforyourwork;yourboss,coworkersandcustomerswouldbeupset.Thesameappliestovolunteering.____19____Mixyourvolunteerjobs.Ifyoubecomebored,itmaybetimeforaschedulechangeinyourlife.____20____Itisvolunteering,soyouaren’tstuckinoneplace.A.Offerwhatyoucandobest.B.Askwhat’sexpectedofvolunteers.C.Soifsuchathingdoeshappen,justcallandletthemknow.D.Itdoesn’tmatterwhatitis,butitdoesmatterwhatyoulike.E.Therefore,everyonecanfindavolunteeringopportunitythatsuitstheirskillsandinterests.F.However,youwillvolunteerlongerinanorganizationthatsupportsacauseyoucareabout.G.Volunteerondifferentdaysoraskfordifferenttaskstoseewhatotheropportunitiesareoutthere.【答案】16.E17.D18.A19.C20.G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍一些如何成为更好的志愿者的建议。【16题详解】依据上文提示“有许多不同的志愿者机会。”再依据下文提示“这里有一些如何成为更好的志愿者的建议。”承接上下文，E项Therefore,everyonecanfindavolunteeringopportunitythatsuitstheirskillsandinterests.（因此，每个人都可以找到一个适合自己技能和爱好的志愿者机会。）切题。故选E。【17题详解】依据上文提示“自愿做你宠爱的事情。”承接上文，D项Itdoesn’tmatterwhatitis,butitdoesmatterwhatyoulike.（是什么并不重要，重要的是你宠爱什么。）切题。故选D。【18题详解】依据下文提示“假如你羞怯，你可能不太适合指挥交通。要敬重这些组织者，但也要让他们知道你的特长，并向他们展示你的特长在志愿者工作中的好处。找到一种平衡，既能发挥你的才能，又能真正帮助公司。”承接下文，A项Offerwhatyoucandobest.（供应你能做到最好的。）【19题详解】依据上文提示“想想看，你上班迟到了;你的老板、同事和客户会不兴奋。这同样适用于志愿活动。”承接上文，C项Soifsuchathingdoeshappen,justcallandletthemknow.（所以假如真的发生了这样的事情，打电话让他们知道就好了。）切题。故选C。【20题详解】依据上文提示“假如你觉得无聊了，可能是时候变更一下你的生活了。”再依据下文提示“这是志愿者活动，所以你不会被困在一个地方。”承接上下文，G项Volunteerondifferentdaysoraskfordifferenttaskstoseewhatotheropportunitiesareoutthere.（在不同的日子做志愿者，或者要求完成不同的任务，看看还有什么其他的机会。）切题。故选G。二、语言学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Abeautifulindoorpottedplanthasbeenwithusforalongtime.Ithas____21____usthroughtoughyearsandgoodtimes.SomedaysIthoughtitmightliveforever,butit____22____.Theplantdidwellforabouttwentyyears,butthenbeganto____23____.Wewateredit.Wefedit.We____24____talkedtoit.Butleavesandbranchesbecamelowereachday.Wefinallypickedafewhalf-deadbranchesand____25____theminasmallpot.Onenewsmallplantgrewstrongandhealthy.Butthe____26____finallydied.Whenwe____27____itout,wecouldseewhyits____28____hadgrownsomassive(大量的；巨大的)thattheythreatenedto____29____thesidesofthepotthatheldthemin.People,too,often_____30_____theyhaveoutgrowntheirenvironment,whentheyarecommittedtopersonalgrowthanddevelopmentandwhentheymakethekindsof_____31_____intheirlivesthatleadtogreaterachievementandhappiness.Iknowofamanwhowasofferedajobatasalary_____32_____thanhehadevermadeinhislife.Butaftercareful_____33_____,herefusedtheposition.Hiswould-beemployerwasamazedthathe_____34_____theoffer.“What’sthematter?”heasked.“Isn’tthesalarybigenough?”“Thesalaryisfine,”themansaid.“It’sthejobthat,snotbigenough.”Atonetimehecouldhave_____35_____donetheworkandenjoyedthemoney.Butheknewthejobwouldnot_____36_____himandheldeventuallybecome_____37_____.Hehadoutgrownthejobthatwasoffered.Personaldevelopmentneedsachanging_____38_____inwhichtolive.Peopleseekbiggerchallenges.Theirviews_____39_____.Theirinterestschange.Andtheyneedpeopleintheirliveswhowillmakeroomfortheir_____40_____.21.A.directed B.accompanied C.followed D.disappointed22.A.died B.survived C.improved D.developed23.A.fold B.fade C.spread D.delay24.A.even B.just C.only D.never25.A.removed B.destroyed C.planted D.studied26.A.similar B.familiar C.precious D.original27.A.carried B.gave C.dug D.handed28.A.leaves B.branches C.skins D.roots29.A.move B.burst C.roll D.jump30.A.predict B.complain C.discover D.understand31.A.changes B.efforts C.mistakes D.comments32.A.slower B.faster C.lower D.higher33.A.imagination B.consideration C.discussion D.persuasion34.A.putforward B.triedout C.turneddown D.heldback35.A.silently B.secretly C.cautiously D.happily36.A.challenge B.entertain C.embarrass D.frighten37.A.dissatisfied B.disturbed C.dishonest D.disrespectful38.A.background B.environment C.method D.atmosphere39.A.disappear B.explode C.expand D.gather40.A.interest B.fortune C.health D.growth【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.A25.C26.D27.C28.D29.B30.C31.A32.D33.B34.C35.D36.A37.A38.B39.C40.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过盆栽的故事，启迪人们“个人发展须要一个不断变更的生活环境。”人们也经常发觉，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种变更以获得更大的成就和更大的华蜜时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它陪伴我们度过了艰难的岁月和奇异的时间。A.directed指导；B.accompanied陪伴；C.followed跟随；D.disappointed使悲观。依据第1空后的throughtoughyearsandgoodtimes可知，美丽的室内盆栽陪伴我们。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我以为它会恒久活着，但它死了。A.died死亡；B.survived幸存；C.improved提高；D.developed发展。依据第2空前的Ithoughtitmightliveforever和but可知，室内盆栽“死了”。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种植物生长得很好，大约有20年了，但后来起先凋谢。A.fold折叠；B.fade凋谢，褪色；C.spread传播；D.delay拖延。依据第2空后的SomedaysIthoughtitmightliveforever,butitdied.可知，此处指花在死之前起先“凋谢”。故选B。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们甚至和它交谈过。A.even甚至；B.just只是；C.only仅仅；D.never从来没有。依据第4空后的talkedtoit可知，“甚至”和盆栽谈话。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们最终摘了几根半死的树枝，把它们种植到一个小花盆里。A.removed去掉，转移；B.destroyed破坏，摧毁；C.planted种植；D.studied学习。依据第5空前后的pickedafewhalf-deadbranches和theminasmallpot可知，把树枝“种植”在花盆里。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但原来的最终还是死了。A.similar相像的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.precious珍贵的；D.original原始的，新颖 的。依据第1句Abeautifulindoorpottedplanthasbeenwithusforalongtime和finallydied可知，“原来要死的盆栽”植物死了。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们把它挖出来的时候，我们可以看到为什么它的根长得如此之大，以至于它们几乎要把把它们夹在里面的花盆的边缘都撑破了。A.carried搬运；B.gave给；C.dug挖；D.handed递给。依据下文wecouldseewhyits8hadgrownsomassive(大量的；巨大的)thattheythreatenedto9thesidesofthepotthatheldthemin.此处指把死的植物“挖出来”，故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们把它挖出来的时候，我们可以看到为什么它的根长得如此之大，以至于它们几乎要把支撑着它们的花盆边缘都撑破了。A.leaves树叶；B.branches分支；C.skins皮肤；D.roots根。依据第8空后的grownsomassive以及常识可知，挖出来的确定是植物的根。所以这里指植物的“根”是如此的大。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们把它挖出来的时候，我们可以看到为什么它的根长得如此之大，以至于它们几乎要把支撑着它们的花盆边缘都撑破了。A.move移动；B.burst爆裂；C.roll滚动；D.jump跳动。依据第9空前的grownsomassive(大量的；巨大的)thattheythreatened可知，根把花盆的边“撑破”。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们也经常发觉，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种变更以获得更大的成就和更大的华蜜时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。A.predict预料；B.complain埋怨；C.discover发觉；D.understand明白，理解。依据第10空后的theyhaveoutgrowntheirenvironment可知，这是指人们的“发觉”。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们也经常发觉，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种变更以获得更大的成就和更大的华蜜时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。A.changes变更；B.efforts努力；C.mistakes错误；D.comments评论。依据下文Personaldevelopmentneedsachanging此处指各种“变更”。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相识一个人，他得到了一份薪水比他一生中所得到的都要高的工作。A.slower更慢的；B.faster更快的；C.lower更低的；D.higher更高的。依据第14空后的“Isn’tthesalarybigenough?”可知，此处指薪水“高的”工作。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是经过细致考虑，他拒绝了这个职位。A.imagination想象；B.consideration考虑；C.discussion谈论；D.persuasion劝服。依据第13空前后的内容careful和herefusedtheposition可知，经过细致“考虑”拒绝了这个职位。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：他的潜在雇主对他拒绝这份工作感到惊异。A.putforward提出；B.triedout尝试；C.turneddown拒绝，调低；D.heldback抑制，隐瞒。依据上文herefusedtheposition可知，潜在雇主对“拒绝”感到惊异。故选C。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他曾经可以快乐地工作，享受这笔钱。A.silently缄默地；B.secretly隐私地；C.cautiously谨慎地；D.happily兴奋地。依据第15空后的donetheworkandenjoyedthemoney可知，此处指“兴奋地”工作。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他知道这份工作不会对他构成挑战，所以他最终变得不满意。A.challenge挑战；B.entertain消遣；C.embarrass使尴尬；D.frighten使害怕 。此处指工作对他不构成“挑战”。故选A。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他知道这份工作不会对他构成挑战，所以他最终变得不满意。A.dissatisfied不满意的；B.disturbed扰乱的；C.dishonest不恳切的；D.disrespectful无礼的。依据前文可知，他知道这份工作不会对他构成挑战，所以最终他对这份工作“不满意”。故选A。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：个人发展须要一个不断变更的生活环境。A.background背景；B.environment环境；C.method方法；D.atmosphere气氛。依据上文theyhaveoutgrowntheirenvironment.可知，此处指生活“环境”。故选B。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的视野开阔了。A.disappear消逝；B.explode爆炸；C.expand扩张；D.gather聚集。依据前文可知，个人发展须要一个不断变更的生活环境，所以他们的视野开阔了。故选C。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的生活中须要有人为他们的成长腾出空间。A.interest爱好；B.fortune运气；C.health健康；D.growth成长。依据前文personalgrowth此处指他们的“成长”。故选D。【点睛】解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，须要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下比照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的实力，捕获关键词。本题第11小题，句意：人们也经常发觉，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种变更以获得更大的成就和更大的华蜜时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。A.changes变更；B.efforts努力；C.mistakes错误；D.comments评论。依据下文Personaldevelopmentneedsachanging此处指各种“变更”。故选A。其次节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It’s6a.m.Theringis____41____(early)thanusualbecausethesmartclockscannedyourscheduleinthemorningandadjustedaccordingto____42____.Yourshowerautomaticallyturnsonandwarmstoyourpreferred103°F.Theelectriccarisready____43____(go),chargedbythesolarpanelsorwindturbinesonyourroof.Whenyougethomelater,thereisanunexpectedpackagewaitingforyou,____44____(deliver)bydrone(无人机).Youopenitandfindcoldmedicine.Itturnsoutthatthehealthsensorsinyourbathroomhavedetectedsignsofan____45____(ill)thatisapproachingandplacedanorderautomatically.SwedishresearchfirmBergInsightsays63milli