八年级英语下学期期末考试03（南京卷）-2023-2024学年八年级英语下学期期末复习查缺补漏冲刺满分（牛津译林版）

2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试（南京专用）英语注意事项：1.全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上,答在本试卷上无效。2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。选择题（共40分）一、单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）请认真阅读下列各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1．________2024,ChinaisgoingtosendtheShenzhouXVIIIandShenzhouXIXmannedspacecraft(载人飞船)tospace.A．In B．At C．On D．To2．—IranianPresident________inahelicoptercrash(直升机坠毁)onMay19th,2024.—I’msorrytohearthat.A．tookaway B．putaway C．passedaway D．gotaway3．Clickontheiconontherightandyoucan_________.

A．dowordprocessing B．chatwithfriendsC．sendandreceiveemails D．travelaroundtheworld4．Lilyboughtanewmobilephonejustnow,shehasreadthe_________severaltimesbeforeusingit.A．instruction B．introduction C．information D．interview5．The33rdOlympicGames________inParisinJuly,2024.A．isheld B．washeld C．willhold D．willbeheld6．—Can’tyoustayalittlelonger?—It’sgettinglate.Ireally__________gonow.Mysonisathomealone.A．must B．might C．may D．can7．Ihavestudiedinthisschool_________twoyearsago.Ireallyloveit.A．since B．for C．after D．before8．Foroursafety,it’simportantto_________thetrafficrulesinourdailylife.A．form B．develop C．achieve D．obey9．—Diana,don’tjumptoanyconclusion,_________whenyoudon’tthinkaboutitcarefully.—Noworries,dad.Iwillnot.A．exactly B．mostly C．especially D．nearly10．—Look!Someone________thelights.—Well,itwasn’tme.Ididn’tdoit.A．turnsoff B．isturningoff C．willturnoff D．hasturnedoff11．Therearemanywonderfulnewbooksinthebookshop.I’mnotsure_________tobuy.A．when B．where C．which D．how12．—Yourgrandmotherlikestravelling,right?—Yes.Shethinksoneisnever_________enjoylife.A．oldenoughto B．toooldto C．youngenoughto D．tooyoungto13．“It’simportantforustoprotectourenvirnomentwisely.”Canyoutellthemistakeinthesentenceabove?A．Missingword. B．Grammaticalmistake. C．Spellingmistake. D．Wordusagemistake.14．—IcanfindabetterjobifIgoabroad.—Don’tbesilly._________.A．ActionsspeaklouderthanwordsB．Wherethereisawill,thereisawayC．WheninRome,doastheRomansdoD．Thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside15．—Imissedthebeginningofthewonderfulfilmyesterdayevening.—__________!Butyoucanwatchitnexttimeifyouwant.A．Nevermind B．Whatapity C．Don’tbesad D．Idon’tthinkso二、完形填空（共10小题；毎小题1分,满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。Jellyfisharebadlynamed.Theyareneitherafishnormadeofjelly.Instead,theirbodiesare1695%waterand5%solidmatter.Theyhavebeeninexistenceforatleasthalfabillionyears.Yes,theyare17thandinosaurs.Surprisingly,theydon’thaveabrain,aheart,orlungs（肺）.Youmaywonderhowtheycanpossiblysurvivewithoutthesevitalorgans,but18isforthebest.Theydon’thavelungsbecausetheirskinis19thinthattheycanabsorb（吸收）oxygenthroughit.Theydon’tneedahearttopumpbloodbecausetheydon’thaveany.Andtheyhaveanervenet—whichissensitivetotouch—belowtheirouterskin.Theyrespondtothechangesintheirenvironmentusingsignalsfromthenervenet,sotheydon’tneeda20toprocesscomplexthoughts.Theirvarietyisnearlyendless.Mostofthemareumbrella—shapedandhavetentacles（触角）.Somejellyfishhaveverylongtentacles.21,theynevergettangleduporstingthemselves.That’sbecausethetentaclesareveryslippery（滑的）andwillonlystingotheranimals.Mostjellyfishhave22ornovision,buttheycandetectlightandoceancurrents,whichhelpsthemtonavigateandmove.Afewspeciescanalsorecognizecolourandhavea360-degreeviewoftheirenvironment.Jellyfishcomeinall23,from0.5millimeterstothegiantNomura’sjellyfish,whichcanmeasureuptotwometersindiameterandweighover200kilograms.Whilejellyfisharebeautiful,theycanalsobe24.Somejellyfishtoxinscanbedeadlytohumans,suchasthosefromtheboxjellyfishandtheAustralianIrukandji,butdeathsarerelativelyraregiventhenumberofjellyfish-stingvictimseveryyear.Inanycase,it’sbettertostay25thewayofanyjellyfishyoumaysee!Youcangoswimmingwithdolphins,butyoudefinitelywanttothinktwicebeforeswimmingwithjellyfish.16．A．madein B．madeof C．madefrom D．madeupof17．A．older B．bigger C．smaller D．younger18．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything19．A．so B．too C．such D．very20．A．lung B．brain C．heart D．tentacle21．A．But B．Anyway C．However D．Otherwise22．A．good B．much C．little D．alittle23．A．types B．sizes C．looks D．colours24．A．pleasant B．dangerous C．surprising D．interesting25．A．in B．on C．away D．outof三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）请认真阅读下列材料,从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFreesoftdrinkBuyanymealforatleast6yuanatMike’sCafeandreceivesafreesoftdrink.Weservethebesthamburgersandsnacksinthemall.Comeinandtryourdeliciousmealsandourexcellentservice.FreesoftdrinkofferendsonNovember12.Buyone,getonefreeBuyoneshirtatLOTTE-MartMenswear(男士专柜),andgetanothershirtofthesamevaluefree.Youcanchooseanytiehere,thenwewillgiveyouanotheroneatnocost.Hurry!OfferendsonNovember10.10%OffShowthisticketatXinhuaBookStoretogeta10%discountonanybookyoubuy.Wehavelotsofbookstochoosefrom,includingchildren’sbooks,novels,travelguidesandhobbies.Youaresuretofindsomethingthatyou’llenjoy.ShopnowforChristmas.6Hours’FreeParkingIfyouspend100yuanormoreinRT-Mart,youwillreceivesixhoursoffreeparking.Whenyouhavespend100yuanormore,justtakethisticketthatyoupayforyourgoodstotheservicedesk.Theywillstamp(盖章)yourparkingtickettoallow6hoursoffreeparking.26．Youcangetanothertieforfree_________atLOTTE-MartMenswear.A．onNovember9 B．onNovember11C．onNewYearsDay D．onChristmasDay27．Howlongcanyouparkyourcarforfreeatmostafterspending108yuaninRT-Mart?A．1hour. B．5hours. C．6hours. D．7hours.28．WhatcanTomgetforfreeafterhehasspent7yuanatMike’sCafe?A．Asoftdrink. B．Thebesthamburgers.C．Thebestsnacks. D．Deliciousmeals.BDoyouwanttospendyoursummerholidayinameaningfulway?Doyouwanttomakeadifferencetothelivesofchildren?JoinusnowandbecomeavolunteerteacherofEnglish!WeareacharityandwehelpchildreninpoorareasinIndia.WeneedvolunteerstojoinusandteachEnglishtothesechildren,andhelpmaketheirlivesbetter.Volunteerteacherswillworkwithchildrenaged6to15andteachclassesupto30children.Wewelcomevolunteerswithorwithoutteachingexperience.Wewillorganizeatwo-weektrainingbeforeyougotoIndia.Thisisaspecialchancetogainimportantlifeexperience.Youwillmeetotheryoungpeoplefromallovertheworld,andlearnmoreaboutIndianculture.Mostimportantly,youwillmakeadifferencetoacommunity(团体)inneed.Educationcanchangeachild’slifeforever.Helpusmakethatchangetoday.Whatourvolunteerssay:“Thishasbeenawonderfulexperience.IlovedteachingmyclassandIndiaisabeautifulcountry.I’llneverforgetthethreemonthsIspenthere!”—Jane“Aftermy2-monthvolunteeringexperiencethere,IrealizehowluckyI’mathome.SomechildreninIndialiveinverypoorconditions,butthey’reveryhard-working.Theywanttoimprovethelivesoftheirfamiliesinthefuture.I’mveryhappytobeabletohelptheminsomesmallways.”—MikeTojoinus,youcanemailusatteachervolunteers@orcallusat60998979.Comeandbeamemberofthebigfamily!29．Whatkindofvolunteersareneeded?A．ORBISdoctors. B．Englishteachers. C．UNICEFworkers. D．Environmentalvolunteers.30．WhodothevolunteershelpinIndia?A．Theelderly. B．Thesickadults. C．Kidsinpoorareas. D．Peoplewithdisabilities.31．HowdoesMikelikehisexperienceasavolunteer?A．Herealizeshowunluckyheis.B．Hedoesn’tthinkthevoluntaryworkisuseful.C．Hewillalwaysrememberhisthree-monthstayinIndia.D．He’sgladtomakealittledifferencetothelivesofIndianchildren.CRecently,anewkindoftourismhasbeguninChina,called“specialforcesstyletourism(特种兵式旅游)”.Itfeaturesvisitingmanyplacesofinterestinashortperiod,mostoftenonweekends.Mostofthesevisitorsarecollegestudents,reportedChinaYouthDaily.YuYinghuainShanghaiLixinUniversityofAccountingandFinanceisoneofthem.The22-year-oldstartedhertourinMarchafterbeingdeeplytouchedbysuchexperiencesofXiaohongshutravelbloggers(博主).“Tappedinschoolforalmost3yearsbecauseofCOVID-19,I’mnowhungrytotaketrips,”saidYu.①Mostofhertripswerestartedfromherdailylife,suchasachatwithfriends.“Butmakingaplancarefullyforthetripisimportant,”Yusaid.Shefoundlotsofinformationbeforetravelling.Thatwouldhelpsavetimewhentravellingandenjoytheplacesbetter.②HerlasttripwastoShanghai.Startingat7am,the22-year-oldvisitedninelocalplaces.“Thatday,Iwalkedalmost30,000steps,”Yusaid,“Thoughit’sabittiring,Ienjoythistripasmuchasdays-longtrips.”③UnlikeYutravellinginnearbycities,ChenJunjun,adoctoral(博士学位的)studentinShanghai,likestotravelfartogetherselffreefromschoolwork.InApril,the24-year-oldtookatwo-daytriptoXi’an,Shaanxi.Duringhertrip,shevisitedallthefamousplacesinthecity.“Suchatripcanbringabrightcolourtomybusylife!”saidChen.④“It’slabor-consuming(消耗体力的).Visitorstrytoseeasmanyplacesaspossibleinashortperiod,”Chensaid.Insomeways,suchtripsarenotasflexible(灵活的)asdays-longtripsbecauseyoucan’tchangeyourplan.“So,enoughenergyandaclearmindarenecessaryforthistour,”saidChen.32．Whichofthefollowingexamplesisakindof“specialforcesstyletourism”?A．John,amanagerinacompany,travelstoSuzhouwithhiswifeforaboutamonth.B．Lucy,aprimaryschoolstudent,travelstoNanjingwithherclassmatesonFriday.C．Mike,acollegestudent,travelstomanyplacesinHangzhouwithhisfriendonSaturday.D．Mary,ahighschoolteacher,travelstoHainanwithherhusbandduringsummerholiday.33．WhydoesYuYinghuausetheword“hungry”inparagraph2?A．TorecordherloveoftravellingonXiaohongshu.B．Toexpresshergreatinterestingoingontripsagain.C．Toexplainthatshedidn’thavemealsforalongtime.D．Toshowherpitybecauseofstayingatschoolforalongtime.34．Thesentence“Butsuchkindoftourismmaynotbeproperforeveryone.”shouldbeputin________.A．① B．② C．③ D．④35．Wheremaythispassagecomefrom?A．Acomicbook. B．Anovelreport. C．Afilmreview. D．Atravelmagazine.DPeopledependonroadsignstoknowwheretheyareandtoreachtheplacestheywant.Butbyfollowingsignssaying“ForbiddenCity”and“Sino-Japanese”Hospital,visitorstoBeijingmayhaveahardtimefindingtheirwaytotheForbiddenCityandtheChina-JapanHospital.“Theyguidedpeopleincorrectly.Someforeigntouristscomplainedthatsomeofthesesignspreventedthemfromknowingwheretheywere.Tomakethingsworse,theyforgotthefactthatBeijingisaninternationalcity,”saidLiHonghaiattheFourthMeetingoftheBeijingSpeaksEnglishProgrammeCommittee(委员会).

Atthismeeting,correctingmistakesonroadsignsbecamethecentreofthediscussions.Lastmonth,allareasinthecapitalwereaskedtochecktheirEnglishroadsigns.Thechecksmainlycoverareaswithmanyforeigners,suchasscenicspots,transitroutes,andlargehotels.BesidesBeijingmunicipalgovernment,citizens(市民)andforeigntouristsalsojoinedintheactivity.“ManyBeijingersphonedoremailedusthemistakestheyhadfound.Theirworkhelpedusalot,”saidZhangMao,ViceMayorofBeijing.Mostmistakesarecausedbypoortranslation(翻译).Sometimesthelanguageworkersthemselvesdon’tfullyunderstandthesigns.Moreover,thereisnotranslationstandardtolearn.“Weaskedsomeforeignerstotranslatesomepavilions(阁)intheForbiddenCity.Theirtranslationswereallgrammaticallycorrectsowedidn’tknowwhichonetochoose.Iftherewasastandardtofollow,itwouldbemucheasier,”saidXiongYumei,deputydirectoroftheBeijingTourismAdministration.Tosolve(解决)thisproblem,peopleinBeijingaskedthegovernmenttosetupastandardassoonaspossible.Nowthecommitteeisorganizingagroupofexperts(专家)bothfromhomeandabroadtosetupandimprovesuchstandards.What’smore,thecommitteewillworkwithothergovernmentstoimproveEnglishlevelsofthecitizens.MoreEnglishtrainingprogrammesandactivitieswillbeofferedtomakepeoplemoreinterestedinlearningEnglish.36．Howdoesthewriterintroduceroadsignsinparagraph1?A．BytellingajokeinBeijing. B．ByshowinganexampleinBeijing.C．ByexplainingafactinJapan. D．BydiscussingaprobleminJapan.37．WhatistheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword“standard”?A．意见 B．方法 C．水平 D．标准38．ThefollowingalltookpartincorrectingmistakesonroadsignsEXCEPT________.A．localpeople B．touristsabroad C．foreignteachers D．Beijinggovernment39．Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．Whatthemistakesonroadsignsare. B．Whythemistakesonroadsignshappen.C．Wherethemistakesonroadsignscanbeseen. D．Howthemistakesonroadsignscanbesolved.40．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．AllroadsignsinBeijingpreventedtouristsknowingwheretheywere.B．Foreigntouristsdidn’tknowthefactthatBeijingisaninternationalcity.C．OnlysomepartsinBeijingwereaskedtochecktheirEnglishroadsigns.D．ManylocalpeopleinBeijinghelpedcorrectsignsbycallingoremailing.非选择题（共50分）四、填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。41．Theirhouseisvery(类似的)toours,butoursisbigger.42．We(设法完成)togettotheairportintimelastnight.43．Childrenmustbe(警告)tostayawayfrommainroads.44．It’saten-minute(乘坐)onthebusfromheretothebank.45．Thedoctorhasgivenmesome(药)totakeformycough.B）请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。46．Itisverysad(see)litterinpublicplaces.47．Someonewholittersisalazyperson.Itmeansheorsheistoolazy(get)upandthrowawayhisorherownrubbish.48．Litteringcancausealotofproblems.Itcanbe(danger)towildanimals.49．Lawshavebeenpassedtotrytoavoid(litter).50．Ifsomeoneiscaughtlitteringinpublicplaces,heorshecan(fine)forit.C）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，将其正确形式填入答题卡标有题号的横线上。每个单词或短语仅用一次。late

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achieveTheChang’e-4landerwasfloatingthroughtheblackspace.Itslowlymovedclosertothemoon’sgraysurfaceandthenlandedsoftly.ItwasJanuary3,2019,10:26a.m.,Beijingtime.Anditwasmankind’sfirst51softlandingonthefarsideofthemoon(a“soft”landingisonewherethespacecraftlandsinacontrolledway).Twelvehours52,thesmallYutu-2rover(漫游者)wasreleased(释放).Withitsinstrumentsandcamera,itwouldspendthenextmonths—perhapsevenyears—53themoon’ssecretsinthisgreat54ofhumanengineering.Thereis55thatsuchtechnologyseemedimpossibletobelievebythoseinancientChina,manyofwhomevenimaginedthattherewasawhiterabbitonthemoonmakingmedicine,yetthesetasksaremuchmorethanadreamforspaceengineersworkinginChinatoday.五、阅读填空（共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分）A）请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。ChinesePresidentXiJinpingrecentlyrepliedtoaletterfromvolunteersinacommunityinShanghai.Theyhelpwithgarbagesorting.Inhisreply,Xisaidhewashappytoknowthatafterrecentyearsofpublicity(推广),thevolunteers’communityhasmadenewprogressingarbagesorting.Healsohopesvolunteerscouldencouragemorepeopletodevelopthehabitofsortinggarbage.Since2019,morethan22,000garbagestationshavebeenupgradedinShanghai,accordingtotheShanghaiObserverwebsite.Ahugechangehastakenplaceinthecityinrecentyears:peopleoncerefusedtosortgarbage,butnowtheyareactivelyjoiningintheactivity.Garbagesortinghasbecomea“newfashion”.Topromotethefashion,thecommunityalsomakesuseoftechnologyingarbagesorting.Therearespecialrecyclingmachinesbesidesthegarbagecans.Peoplescanthecodeonthemachine,putinpaperorclothes,andthengetmoneyfromit.“Sortingtrashisawaytomakethecommunityabetterplace.Itcanbenefittheresidents.Forexample,housepricesmaygoup,”saidCuiFenglin,36,arepresentativeoftheShanghaivolunteers.Hesaidmanypeoplechangedtheirmindsafterthiskindof“persuasion(劝说)”fromvolunteers.Sixteen-year-oldvolunteerYuYuehasmadepostersandwrittenarticlesaboutgarbagesorting.“MyclassmatesandIevenmadeananimation(动画)tohelppeopleunderstandhowsortingtrashcaninfluencetheenvironment.”Yusaid.Inthefuture,thecommunitywillholdmoreeventsandworkwithlocalschoolstopromoteagreenerlifestyle,saidCui.By2022,about297citiesinChinahadfullyimplemented(实行)trashsorting,reportedCCTVNews.Thewholecountryisgoingtoimplementtrashsortingbytheendof2025,accordingtoanational-levelworkingconferenceheldonMay23.Garbage56—anewtrendPresidentXi’s57toaletterfromShanghaivolunteers★behappytoknowabouttheirnewprogressingarbagesorting;★hopemorepeoplecouldbe58todevelopthehabitofgarbagesorting;ThesuccessfulworkofthecommunityanditsvolunteersAchievements★Theyhaveupgraded5922,000garbagestations;★PeopleinShanghai60torefusegarbagesorting,butnowtheytakean61partinit.Actions★makinguseoftechnology;★persuadingresidentsbystatingthatgarbagesortingmaymakethehouseprices62;★63postersandwritingarticlesaboutgarbagesorting.Future64★Toholdmoreevents;★Toworkwithlocalschools;★Toimplementgarbagesorting65thecountrybytheendof2025.B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。

Snowisoneoftheelements(元素)thathelpmakewinterlovableformanypeople,anditshouldnotbefarawaywhenMajorSnowarrives.MajorSnow,the21stsolartermoftheyear,fallson6thDecemberthisyear.Itmarks(标志着)theb66ofmidwinter.DuringMajorSnow,thetemperatured67greatlyandtheremaybemoresnowydays.There’saChinesesaying,“Afallofsnowgivespromiseofafruitfulyear.”F68welcomesnowbecausesnowcanprotectcropsfromcoldfrontsandkeepthefieldswarm.Evenifitmelts(融化),italsocanp69enoughwaterforthecropsinspring.Thesnowyseasonisalsogoodforskiingands70.Therearemanysuchplacesfornaturalsnowandiceinthen71partofChina.Forexample,HeilongjiangandJilinprovincesoftenhavebigsnowinNovember,whichmakesite72forpeopletoplayicesports.Butpeopleinthesouthu73stayindoorstoenjoythewinteractivities,suchasstove-boiledtea.Wehavealotoffunbecauseofthesnow,b74peopleshouldpayattentiontorespiratoryillness(呼吸道疾病).Whenit’sMajorSnow,itismuchcolderandd75,sopeopleshoulddrinkmorewater.Wecanalsodrinkhotsoupwithginger(生姜)andChinesedates(枣)tofightagainstthecold.六、书面表达（满分15分）76．“南京是我家，文明靠大家”，每一位南京市民都应积极参与文明城市（civilizedcity）的建设。请根据以下问题，思考身为中学生的我们应该如何做，才能助力文明城市的创建，与”宁”同行。写一篇英语短文。（1）Howdowehelppeopleinneed?（2）Howdowebehaveathomeandinpublic?（3）Howdowegogreen?注意：（1）词数90左右，文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数；

（2）必须包含所有要点，可适当发挥；短文语言要通顺，意思连贯；（3）文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称。HowtomakeNanjingacivilizedcityNanjingisnowtryingtobecomeacivilizedcity.Asstudents,whatshouldwedo?_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：1．A【详解】句意：在2024年，中国将发射神舟十八号和神舟十九号载人飞船到太空。考查介词辨析。in后加年份；at后加具体的时间点；on后加具体的某一天；to到……为止，差。在2014年“in2024”。故选A。2．C【详解】句意：——伊朗总统于2024年5月19日在直升机坠毁中去世。——我很遗憾听到这个消息。考查动词短语。tookaway拿走；putaway收起来；passedaway去世；gotaway逃离。根据“inahelicoptercrash(直升机坠毁)”可知，伊朗总统在直升机坠毁中去世。故选C。3．D【详解】句意：点击右边的图标，你可以环游世界。考查常识。dowordprocessing进行文字处理；chatwithfriends和朋友聊天；sendandreceiveemails接收邮件；travelaroundtheworld周游世界。根据图片可知，有一个地球，一个飞机，和一个英文单词TOUR“旅行”，也就是travelaroundtheworld“周游世界”。故选D。4．A【详解】句意：莉莉刚刚买了一部新手机，她在使用之前已经把说明书看了好几遍。考查名词辨析。instruction说明书；introduction介绍；information信息；interview采访，面试。根据“Lilyboughtanewmobilephonejustnow,shehasreadthe...severaltimesbeforeusingit.”可知，使用前应是阅读手机的说明书，故选A。5．D【详解】句意：第33届奥运会将于2024年7月在巴黎举行。考查动词时态和语态。主语The33rdOlympicGames和hold之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，结合时间状语“inJuly,2024”可知，用一般将来时的被动语态（willbedone）。故选D。6．A【详解】句意：——你不能再待一会儿吗？——太晚了。我现在真的得走了。我儿子一个人在家。考查动词辨析。must一定，必须；might也许；may可能；can可以。根据“It’sgettinglate.Ireally...gonow.Mysonisathomealone.”可知，时间晚了，儿子一个人在家，所以必须得走了，故选A。7．A【详解】句意：自从两年前我就一直在这所学校学习。我真的很喜欢。考查连词辨析。since自从；for其后可加一段时间；after在……之后；before在……之前。根据“Ihavestudiedinthisschool...twoyearsago.”可知，twoyearago为点时间，前面应该用连词since，表示自从两年前就在这所学校学习了。故选A。8．D【详解】句意：为了我们的安全，在日常生活中遵守交通规则是很重要的。考查动词辨析。form形成；develop培养；achieve达到；obey遵守。根据“it’simportantto…thetrafficrulesinourdailylife”可知，遵守交通规则很重要，故选D。9．C【详解】句意：——Diana，不要急于下结论，尤其是当你没有仔细考虑的时候。——爸爸，不要担心。我不会的。考查副词辨析。exactly确切地；mostly大部分；especially尤其；nearly几乎。根据“Diana,don’tjumptoanyconclusion,…whenyoudon’tthinkaboutitcarefully.”可知，空格后表强调，尤其是在没有仔细考虑的时候，更不要急于下结论，故选C。10．D【详解】句意：——看！有人把灯关了。——不是我，我没关。考查时态。根据“itwasn’tme.Ididn’tdoit”可知是动作已经发生，现在的结果是灯灭了，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，所以用现在完成时态，故选D。11．C【详解】句意：书店里有许多精彩的新书。我不知道该买哪个。考查宾语从句。when何时；where哪里；which哪一个；how怎样。根据“Therearemanywonderfulnewbooksinthebookshop.”可知，不知道该买哪一本新书，故选C。12．B【详解】句意：——你的祖母喜欢旅行，对吧？——是的。她认为一个人永远不会太老而不能享受生活。考查动词不定式作结果状语。oldenoughto足够大可以……；toooldto太老而不能……；youngenoughto足够年轻可以……；tooyoungto太年轻而不能……。根据“Yourgrandmother”以及“oneisnever...enjoylife.”可知，此处是指不要太老而不享受生活。故选B。13．C【详解】句意：“明智地保护我们的环境对我们来说很重要。”你能说出上面句子中的错误吗？考查常识。Missingword缺词；Grammaticalmistake语法错误；Spellingmistake拼写错误；Wordusagemistake单词使用错误。envirnoment的拼写是错误的，正确的是environment，故选C。14．D【详解】句意：——如果我出国，我可以找到一份更好的工作。——不要傻了。这山望着那山高。考查习语。Actionsspeaklouderthanwords行胜于言；Wherethereisawill,thereisaway有志者，事竟成；WheninRome,doastheRomansdo入乡随俗；Thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside这山望着那山高。根据“IcanfindabetterjobifIgoabroad.”可知，前者认为出国就能找到更好的工作，“这山望着那山高”符合语境，故选D。15．B【详解】句意：——昨天晚上我没有看到那部精彩电影的开头。——真遗憾！但如果你想的话，可以下次再看。考查情景交际。Nevermind没关系；Whatapity真遗憾；Don’tbesad别伤心；Idon’tthinkso我不这么认为。根据“Imissedthebeginningofthewonderfulfilmyesterdayevening.”可知，错过电影开头是遗憾的，故选B。16．D17．A18．D19．A20．B21．C22．C23．B24．B25．D【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍水母的身体特征，种类以及水母的外观，并说明有毒，告诉人们需要远离水母。16．句意：相反，它们的身体是有95%的水和5%固体物质组成。bemadein在……地方制造；bemadeof由……制作（看得见原材料）；bemadefrom由……制造（看不见原材料）；bemadeupof由……组成。根据“95%waterand5%solidmatter”可知，这里是介绍水母身体的组成成分。故选D。17．句意：是的，它们比恐龙出现的还早。older更久的；bigger更大的；smaller更小的；younger更年轻的。根据前文“Theyhavebeeninexistenceforatleasthalfabillionyears.”可知，水母在地球上存在至少有5亿年了。而恐龙在地球上生存时间约1.65亿年。所以水母比恐龙存在的时间更久。故选A。18．句意：你可能想知道没有这些关键的器官，它们怎么能生存的，但一切都是最好的安排。nothing没什么；anything任何东西；something一些东西；everything每件事，一切。根据后文解释“Theydon’thavelungsbecausetheirskinis…thinthattheycanabsorb（吸收）oxygenthroughit.Theydon’tneedahearttopumpbloodbecausetheydon’thaveany.Andtheyhaveanervenet—whichissensitivetotouch—belowtheirouterskin.Theyrespondtothechangesintheirenvironmentusingsignalsfromthenervenet,sotheydon’tneeda…toprocesscomplexthoughts.”可知，由于水母自身生长的特征，它们的皮肤可以呼吸，它们没有血液所以没有心脏，它们有神经网可以感知外面的环境。因此这里表达的是“一切的安排都是最好的”。故选D。19．句意：它们没有肺是因为它们的皮肤是如此之薄以至于能通过皮肤吸收氧气。so如此；too也，太；such如此（后面加冠词+名词）；very很，非常。根据语境，这里考查so+形容词+that从句表示“如此……以至于……”。故选A。20．句意：它们用神经网信号来反射环境变化，因此它们不需要大脑加工复杂的想法。lung肺；brain大脑；heart心脏；tentacle触角。根据“Surprisingly,theydon’thaveabrain,aheart,orlungs（肺）”可知，水母是没有大脑，心脏和肺的，前面已经介绍为什么没有肺和心脏。这里是介绍没有大脑是怎么感知外界的。故选B。21．句意：然而，触角永不缠绕在一起或刺到自己。But但是；Anyway不管怎样；However然而；Otherwise否则。根据前文“Somejellyfishhaveverylongtentacles”可知，一些水母有很长触角，“但是”触角是不会缠绕在一起或者刺到他们自己，这里表示转折，横线后有逗号。故选C。22．句意：大部分水母几乎没有或者就是没有视力，但它们可以察觉到光和洋流，这能帮助它们行进和移动。good好的；much许多；little少，几乎没有；alittle一点点。根据后面的“…ornovision,buttheycandetectlightandoceancurrents,”可知，它们不是通过视力感知光和洋流的。因此视力是“几乎没有”。故选C。23．句意：水母大小不一，从0.5毫米到直径2米多，体重重达200公斤多的巨型越前水母。types类型；sizes尺寸，大小；looks面貌；colours颜色。根据后文“from0.5millimeterstothegiantNomura’sjellyfish,whichcanmeasureuptotwometersindiameterandweighover200kilograms.”可知，这里说的是水母的“大小”。故选B。24．句意：尽管水母很漂亮，但是它们也很危险。pleasant令人愉快的；dangerous危险的；surprising令人惊讶的；interesting有趣的。根据文“Somejellyfishtoxinscanbedeadlytohumans”可知，水母有毒且对人类是致命的。所以水母应该是“危险的”。故选B。25．句意：在任何情况下，最好要远离任何你看到的水母。intheway阻挡，妨碍；ontheway在路上；away远离，后加from；outoftheway远离。根据前文“Somejellyfishtoxinscanbedeadlytohumans,suchasthosefromtheboxjellyfishand…”可知，水母毒素对人类是致命的，因此要“远离”它们。故选D。26．A27．C28．A【导语】本文是几则促销广告。具体介绍了各自的促销活动。26．细节理解题。根据“Youcanchooseanytiehere,thenwewillgiveyouanotheroneatnocost.Hurry!OfferendsonNovember10.”可知，在11月10日前可以得到一条免费的领带。故选A。27．细节理解题。根据“Ifyouspend100yuanormoreinRT-Mart,youwillreceivesixhoursoffreeparking.”可知，如果你在大润发消费100元或以上，你将获得6小时的免费停车。故选C。28．细节理解题。根据“Buyanymealforatleast6yuanatMike’sCafeandreceivesafreesoftdrink.”可知，在麦克咖啡馆购买任何至少6元人民币的食物，就可获得一杯免费的软饮料。故选A。29．B30．C31．D【导语】本文主要在招募志愿者，去印度贫穷地区当英语老师。文章详细介绍了招募条件以及其他做过这项工作的志愿者的感受。29．细节理解题。根据“JoinusnowandbecomeavolunteerteacherofEnglish!”可知是需要英语老师。故选B。30．细节理解题。根据“WeareacharityandwehelpchildreninpoorareasinIndia”可知是帮助印度贫困地区的孩子。故选C。31．细节理解题。根据“I’mveryhappytobeabletohelptheminsomesmallways”可知他的志愿者经历让他觉得能够帮助到这些孩子很开心。故选D。32．C33．B34．D35．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了一种新型旅游方式——特种兵式旅游。32．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Itfeaturesvisitingmanyplacesofinterestinashortperiod,mostoftenonweekends.Mostofthesevisitorsarecollegestudents”可知，特种兵式旅游有三个特征：短期内游览多个景点，时间通常选在周末，大部分游客是大学生。C项符合上述三个特点。故选C。33．推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，于英华被博主的旅行经历打动，又因为疫情期间在学校足不出户3年而非常渴望旅行，因此，她用hungry“饥饿”，旨在表达自己对旅游的浓厚兴趣。故选B。34．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，“特种兵式旅游”也有如消耗体力、不灵活等缺点。由此推知，这种旅游方式不一定适合所有人，所以该句应该放在最后一段段首，即④处。故选D。35．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了何为特种兵式旅游，因此本文可能选自旅游杂志。故选D。36．B37．D38．C