专题02 阅读理解A篇（2024年新课标I卷） (专家评价+三年真题+满分策略+多维变式) 解析版

PAGE1《2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升》专题02阅读理解A篇（新课标I卷）解析版(答案解析+专家评价+三年真题+词汇变式+满分策略+话题变式)目录一、原题呈现P2二、答案解析P2三、专家评价P3四、题源网站P4五、词汇变式P5(一)考纲词汇词形转换P5(二)考纲词汇识词知意P5(三)高频短语积少成多P6(四)核心考点单句填空P6(五)难点突破P6(六)长难句分析P6六、三年真题P6(一)2023年新课标I卷阅读理解A篇P7(二)2022年新课标I卷阅读理解A篇P8(三)2021年新课标I卷阅读理解A篇P9七、满分策略P10八、话题变式P12人与自然生态系统话题+表格类应用文6篇P12人与自然招募志愿者话题+表格类应用文6篇P20一原题呈现一原题呈现阅读理解A篇关键词:应用文；人与自然；生物栖息地修复；招募志愿者；劳动意识；五育并举HABITATRESTORATIONTEAMHelprestoreandprotectMarin’snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge.We’llexplorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting,andseedcollection.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.GROUPSGroupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarrangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance.PleasereviewtheListofAvailableProjectsandfillouttheGroupProjectRequestForm.AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.We’llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(满足)communityservicerequirements.UPCOMINGEVENTSTimeMeetingLocationSunday,Jan.1510:00am-1:00pmBatteryAlexanderTrailheadSunday,Jan.2210:00am-2:30pmStinsonBeachParkingLotSunday,Jan.299:30am-2:30pmCoyoteRidgeTrailhead21.WhatistheaimoftheHabitatRestorationTeam?A.Todiscovermineralresources. B.Todevelopnewwildlifeparks.C.Toprotectthelocalecosystem. D.Toconductbiologicalresearch.22.WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationTeam?A.5. B.10. C.15. D.18.23.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A.Bringtheirowntools. B.Workeveninbadweather.C.Wearateamuniform. D.Doatleastthreeprojects.二答案解析二答案解析【答案】21.C22.B23.B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加保护当地生态系统的栖息地恢复小组的时间地点等相关细节。21.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“HelprestoreandprotectMarin’snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge.We’llexplorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting,andseedcollection.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.(帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利纳斯岭的马林海的自然区域。我们将探索美丽的公园场地，同时进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子收集。栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用)”可知，栖息地恢复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统。故选C项。22.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Volunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.(欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者)”可知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁。故选B项。23.细节理解题。根据文章第五段“We’llbeworkingrainorshine.(我们将风雨无阻地工作)”可知，身为志愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。A项与原文Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.不一致；C项与原文Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.不一致；D项未提及，故答案是B项。三专家评价三专家评价提倡五育并举，引导学生德智体美劳全面发展高考英语命题贯彻落实高考内容改革要求，通过选取有关体育、美育和劳动教育的语篇，引导学生坚持五育并举，实现身心健康成长和德智体美劳全面发展。在体育方面，新课标Ⅱ卷阅读A篇介绍了秋季徒步健身活动，引导学生走近大自然，开展体育运动，文中提及多项注意事项，于潜移默化之中强调了运动安全的重要性。在美育方面，全国甲卷阅读A篇介绍了校园艺术节上丰富多彩的活动，引导学生走进画廊和博物馆，培养审美情趣，提高艺术品味。在劳动教育方面，新课标Ⅰ卷阅读A篇介绍了一个地区生物栖息地修复工作队的工作内容和招募志愿者的要求，引导学生热爱劳动、参与劳动、享受劳动。【中国考试·教育部教育考试院】四题源网站四题源网站/programs/habitat-restoration-team

五词汇变式五词汇变式一、考纲词汇词形转换1.restore vt修复；恢复使用；归还→n.restoration2.invasion n入侵→ainvasive3.remove vt移除；拿走→n.removal4.endanger vt使濒危→adj.endangered5.arrange vt.安排→n.arrangement6.agree vt.同意→n.agreement7.guard n.门卫→n.guardian8.approve vt.批准；赞成→n.approval9.require vt.要求；需要→n.requirement10.biology n.生物学→adj.biological二、考纲词汇识词知意第一组：高频单词1.habitat n.（动植物的）生活环境，栖息地2.conduct vt.实施；指挥；带领；举止；传导3.seed n.种子4.vital adj.至关重要的，必不可少的5.sensitive adj.过敏的，易受影响的；灵敏的；善解人意的6.species n.（动植物的）种，物种；种类7.confirm vt.确认；证实8.available adj.可获得的；有闲暇的9.guideline n.指导方针，准则；参考10.upcoming adj.即将来临的11.location n.地点，位置13.ecosystemn.生态系统14.uniform n.制服；校服第二组：低频单词15.mineral n.矿物质；矿物15.ridge n.山脊，山脉；屋脊；隆起部分16.sunscreen n.（防晒油中的）遮光剂；防晒霜17.fulfill vt.满足；履行；实现18.layer n.表层；层次；阶层三、高频短语积少成多1.playavitalrolein 在……起重要作用2.inadvance 提前3.undertheageof18 18岁以下4.rainorshine 无论晴雨；无论发生什么四、核心考点单句填空1.

We’llexplorebeautifulparksiteswhile___________(conduct)invasive(侵入的)plant___________(remove),winterplanting,andseedcollection.2.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalrolein___________(restore)sensitiveresourcesandprotecting___________(endanger)speciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.3.Groupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarrangementsandmust___________(confirm)inadvance.4.Volunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesfor___________(young)undertheageof15.5.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsection___________(sign).6.We’llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothes___________cangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.7.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswill___________(provide).Fulfills(满足)communityservicerequirements.1.conducting,removal2.restoring,endangered3.beconfirmed4.youth5.signed6.that/which7.beprovided五、难点突破

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引言部分：介绍团队的目标和志愿者的工作内容。

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团队组成：说明志愿者可以参与的群体规模和特殊安排需求。

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志愿者要求：包括年龄限制、所需技能和携带物品。

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活动安排：列出即将举行的活动和具体时间地点。

六、长难句分析1.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.【翻译】栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用。【分析】这是一个复杂简单句，介词in后面有两个动名词短语作宾语补足语。2.PleasereviewtheListofAvailableProjectsandfillouttheGroupProjectRequestForm.【翻译】请查看可用项目列表并填写集团项目申请表。【分析】这是一个并列句，and连接两个祈使句。六三年真题六三年真题【2023年新课标I卷阅读理解A篇】BikeRental&GuidedToursWelcometoAmsterdam,welcometoMacBike.Youseemuchmorefromtheseatofabike!Cyclingisthemosteconomical,sustainableandfunwaytoexplorethecity,withitsbeautifulcanals,parks,squaresandcountlesslights.YoucanalsobikealonglovelylandscapesoutsideofAmsterdam.WhyMacBikeMacBikehasbeenaroundforalmost30yearsandisthebiggestbicyclerentalcompanyinAmsterdam.Withover2,500bikesstoredinourfiverentalshopsatstrategiclocations,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(刹车),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排挡),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren’sbikes.PricesHandBrake,ThreeGearsFootBrake,NoGears1hour€7.50€5.003hours€11.00€7.501day(24hours)€14.75€9.75Eachadditionalday€8.00€6.00GuidedCityToursThe2.5-hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.YoucanbuyyourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.1.WhatisanadvantageofMacBike? A.Itgiveschildrenadiscount. B.Itofoffersmanytypesofbikes.C.Itorganizesfreecycletours. D.Ithasover2,500rentalshops.2.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A.€15.75. B.€19.50. C.€22.75. D.€29.50.3.Wheredoestheguidedcitytourstart?A.TheGooyer,Windmill. B.TheSkinnyBridge.C.HeinekenBrewery. D.DamSquare.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(刹车),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排挡),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren’sbikes.(我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.(旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。【2022年新课标I卷阅读理解A篇】GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays(60%)Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.GroupAssignments(30%)Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作业)duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboardouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Anexampaper. C.Acourseplan. D.Anacademicarticle.22.Howmanypartsisastudent’sfinalgrademadeupof?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A.Youwillreceiveazero. B.Youwilllosealettergrade.C.Youwillbegivenatest. D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.【答案】21.C22.B23.A【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。21.C。推理判断题。根据文章标题“GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature(文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays(60%)部分“Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeofforthiscourse(你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C。22.B。细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays(60%)”、“GroupAssignments(30%)”和“DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupsWork/Homework(10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B。23.A。推理判断题。根据“LateWork”部分“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.(如果没有在截止日期后的第4天上交，将会得到零分)”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你将会得零分。故选A。【2021年新课标I卷阅读理解A篇】Romecanbepriceyfortravelers,whichiswhymanychoosetostayinahostel(旅社).ThehostelsinRomeofferabedinadormroomforaround$25anight,andforthat,you’lloftengettostayinacentrallocation(位置)withsecurityandcomfort.YellowHostelIfIhadtomakejustonerecommendationforwheretostayinRome,itwouldbeYellowHostel.It’soneofthebest-ratedhostelsinthecity,andforgoodreason.It’saffordable,andit’sgotafunatmospherewithoutbeingtoonoisy.Asanaddedbonus,it’sclosetothemaintrainstation.HostelAlessandroPalaceIfyoulovesocialhostels,thisisthebesthostelforyouinRome.HostelAlessandroPalaceisfun.Staffmembersholdplentyofbareventsforguestslikefreeshots,barcrawlsandkaraoke.There’salsoanareaontherooftopforhangingoutwithothertravelersduringthesummer.YouthStationHostelIfyou’relookingforcleanlinessandamodernhostel,looknofurtherthanYouthStation.Itoffersbeautifulfurnishingsandbeds.Thereareplentyofotherbenefits,too;itdoesn’tchargecitytax;ithasbothairconditioningandaheaterfortherooms;italsohasfreeWi-Fiineveryroom.HotelandHostelDesArtistesHotelandHostelDesArtistesislocatedjusta10-minutewalkfromthecentralcitystationandit'sclosetoallofthecity'smainattractions.Thestaffisfriendlyandhelpful,providingyouwithamapofthecitywhenyouarrive,andofferingadviceifyourequiresome.However,youneedtopay2eurosadayforWi-Fi.21.Whatisprobablythemajorconcernoftravelerswhochoosetostayinahostel?A.Comfort. B.Security. C.Price. D.Location.22.Whichhotelbestsuitspeoplewhoenjoyanactivesociallife?A.YellowHostel. B.HostelAlessandroPalace.C.YouthStationHostel. D.HotelandHostelDesArtistes.23.WhatisthedisadvantageofHotelandHostelDesArtistes?A.Itgetsnoisyatnight. B.Itsstaffistootalkative.C.ItchargesforWi-Fi. D.It’sinconvenientlylocated.【答案】21-23CBC【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了罗马的几个价格低廉，安全舒适的旅馆。21.细节理解题。根据第一段“Romecanbepriceyfortravelers,whichiswhymanychoosetostayinahostel(旅社).(罗马对旅行者来说可能很贵，这就是为什么许多人选择住在旅馆)”可知，选择住旅社的旅行者可能最关心的是价格。故选C。22.细节理解题。根据HostelAlessandroPalace部分“Ifyoulovesocialhostels,thisisthebesthostelforyouinRome.(如果你喜欢社交旅馆，这是罗马最适合你的旅馆)”可知，如果喜欢活跃社交生活的人，HostelAlessandroPalace是罗马最适合你的旅馆。故选B。23.细节理解题。根据HotelandHostelDesArtistes部分“However,youneedtopay2eurosadayforWi-Fi.(但是，你需要支付每天2欧元的Wi-Fi费用)”可知，HotelandHostelDesArtistes的缺点是Wi-Fi收费。故选C。七满分策略七满分策略阅读理解应用文满分策略应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体，它包括说明性应用文，如广告、启事、海报、守则、公告、指南、个人简历、备忘录、摘要等和叙述性应用文，如书信、日记、便条、报告、请帖等。英语《考试说明》对“读”的能力要求之一是：要求考生读懂一般性话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短文章并能识别不同文体的特征。研读近年全国各地的高考试题可以看出，应用文是高考阅读理解命题的重要体裁之一和基础得分题型。高考应用文阅读理解设题以细节理解题为主，因此，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，主要注意细节信息。细节题的题干都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)，因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果。同时，在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括。具体答题技巧如下：1.材料特点：综观近几年的高考英语阅读理解题，其中应用类阅读题内容主要涉及的是与人们生活息息相关的信息，如产品宣传、服务介绍、招生招聘等。2.形式特点：做广告的主要目的就是要让受众了解并记住广告的内容，并为广告上所刊登的内容(产品或服务等)买单。为了达到这一目的，人们在设计广告时往往会做到：标题醒目，重点突出，条理清楚。3.用词特点：广告类阅读材料的用词有＂三多＂特点：一是人名、地名、专有名词多；二是生词多；三是缩略词、省略句多。4.命题特点：广告类阅读是近几年高考英语阅读理解最常考的题材，在阅读理解的选材中占有很大的比重。命题者的目的是要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，所以命题的题型多是以获取信息为主的细节理解题。5.命题趋势（1）考点趋势：对语篇领悟能力的检测仍是高考的重点和基本点，同时还需关注对主旨大意题和文章结构题的考查。（2）理解层次趋势：表层意义理解题减少，深层含义理解题增多。考查难度有所增加，由简单寻找信息向多层次细节推理的趋势比较明显。（3）信息量和词汇量：阅读理解材料信息浓缩，词汇总量减少，但对词汇量的考查在加大，非考纲词汇有所增加(主要为词根加上前、后缀或有词义转化的词)。旨在引导学生掌握词汇的合成、派生和转化，让考生能通过上下文或构词法来理解词汇的含义。《考试说明》中＂根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义＂这一新要求预示对能力要求有所提高。（4）句子的难度：长句增多，句子难度加大。复合句、省略句、倒装句和插入语等语言现象普遍。（5）体裁和题材：继续体现体裁和题材多样化，并彰显英语国家语言与文化特点，强化文化意识的渗透。题材涉猎广泛，体现＂语言是文化的载体＂这一理念。阅读理解应用文答题策略1.先题后文先读试题，了解试题考点；明确目的，快速捕捉，获取信息。2.原文定位根据题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，按照题目顺序依次而下：问题与材料相同→对号入座；问题与原文相同→同义替换、归纳事实等。3.淡化生词遇到人名、地名、专有名词等；如与答题无关，直接跳过；涉及答题，则根据语境、构词法等猜词。4.思维导图八话题变式-名校好题再练八话题变式-名校好题再练变式一：人与自然话题+表格01（23-24高三上·山东聊城·期末）MarineScienceCamps（Forcampersagedbetween8and14）What’sonatClearwaterMarineAquarium（海洋水族馆）Camp1Learnandobservehowwecareforouranimals.ParticipateinacampQ&Aperiodwithadolphincareteammemberwhilelearninghowweteachnewbehaviors.Camp2SetoutonanadventuretodiscovertheplantsandanimalsthatmakeupFlorida’scoastalecosystemsandobservedifferentecosystemsatalocalnaturepark.Camp3Jointhiscampprogramwhereyoucanlearnmoreaboutthedailyoperationsofanaquarium.Camp4Doyouhavewhatittakestobecomeanoceanprotector?Learnallaboutthemajorissuesfacingcreaturesintheoceanandwhatyoucandotohelpprotectourocean’sfuture.Price$240/person/programDuration5days,runningfrom8:30amto11:30amand1:00pmto4:00pmOtherInformation·Campgearpacks（装备包）areavailableforsaleatthecheck-in.·Eachcamperwillreceiveacampshirtandapairofshortsonthefirstdayofthecampandisexpectedtowearthemeveryday.·Lunchesmustbeboughtforthesedays.·Parentsshouldn’tfollow,attend,orvolunteerinourcampprograms.Refund（退款）PolicyIntheeventofacancellation,an80%refundwillbeissuedifthewrittencancellationrequestisreceived15daysormorebeforethefirstdayofthecamp.Cancellations14to5daysbeforethecampstartwillreceivearefundof50%ofthetotalcost.Cancellations4-0daysbeforethecampstartwon’treceivearefund.1.Inwhichcampcanwelearnabouttheprotectionofoceancreatures?A.Camp1. B.Camp2. C.Camp3. D.Camp4.2.Whatinformationcanwegetaboutthecampprograms?A.Camperscanbringluncheswiththem.B.Theyprovidecampgearpacksforfree.C.Campersshouldwearthesameclothing.D.Theyallowparentstobewithcampers.3.Howmuchrefundwillyoureceiveifyoucancelyourorder20daysbeforethecampstart?A.$240. B.$192. C.$120. D.$48.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了海洋科学营的相关信息。1.细节理解题。根据标题下“Doyouhavewhatittakestobecomeanoceanprotector?Learnallaboutthemajorissuesfacingcreaturesintheoceanandwhatyoucandotohelpprotectourocean’sfuture.”（你具备成为海洋保护者的条件吗?了解海洋生物面临的主要问题，以及你可以做些什么来帮助保护我们海洋的未来。）可知，在4号营我们学习保护海洋生物。故选D项。2.推理判断题。根据OtherInformation标题下“Eachcamperwillreceiveacampshirtandapairofshortsonthefirstdayofthecampandisexpectedtowearthemeveryday.”（每个营员将在营地的第一天收到一件营地衬衫和一条短裤，并且每天都要穿。）可知，我们从训练营项目中可以了解到露营者应该穿同样的衣服。故选C项。3.细节理解题。根据Refund（退款）Policy标题下“Intheeventofacancellation,an80%refundwillbeissuedifthewrittencancellationrequestisreceived15daysormorebeforethefirstdayofthecamp.”（如果取消，如果在训练营第一天之前15天或更长时间收到书面取消请求，将收到80%的退款。）可知，每个人的价格是$240*0.8=$192。故选B项。02（23-24高三上·浙江杭州·阶段练习）Thisweekinournationalpark’sjourney,weexploreavastareawithmountains,beaches,forests,andglaciers.OlympicNationalPark!Itcoversmorethan400,000hectareswithseveraldifferentecosystems.ElwhaValleyTheElwhaValleyisinthecentralpartofthepark.ItistheOlympicPeninsula’slargestwatershed.Awatershedisanareaoflandthatseparateswatersthatflowtodifferentriversorseas.Today,theElwhaRiveristhesiteofoneofthelargestecosystemrestorationprojectsinNationalParkServicehistory.HohRiverValleyTheHohRiverisonthewestsideofthepark.TheriverisformedfrommeltedglacialiceontopofMountOlympus.Theriveris80kilometerslong.ItemptiesintothePacificOcean.Theareareceivesabout400centimetersofraineachyear.Itisatemperaterainforest.Becauseoftheamountofrain,manydifferenttypesofplantsgrowintheHohrainforest,frommossesandfernstohugeSitkasprucetrees.HurricaneRidgeHurricaneRidgeisamountainareainthenorthernpartofthepark.Itiseasytoenter,andprovidesincredibleviewsoftheOlympicMountains.Theridgehasmanyhikingpaths.Inwinter,peoplecomeheretoski.Theyalsocomeheretotakepartinotherfunwinteractivities,likesleddingandsnowboarding.HurricaneRidgeusuallyhassnowfromDecemberthroughtheendofMarch.Visitorsmustbepreparedforicyroadsandsevereweather.TheCoastThewesternmostpartoftheparkisPacificcoastline.OlympicNationalParkhasmanybreathtakingbeaches.OneofthemisRialtoBeach,knownforitstallseastackswhileNorthofRialtoBeachisHole-in-the-Wall.Itisanaturalarchthathasbeencarvedbythepowerfulsea.4.Whatcanyoudoonthewestsideofthepark?A.Swimintheriver. B.Learnaboutvariousplants.C.Gohikingwithyourfriends. D.Walkonthebeaches.5.Whichpartisthemostsuitableforthosewholikewintersports?A.ElwhaValley. B.HohRiverValley.C.HurricaneRidge. D.RialtoBeach.6.Whatdothefourattractionshaveincommon?A.Theyareallverycold. B.Theyareallrichinecosystems.C.Theycanallbereachedeasily. D.TheyareallpartofOlympicNationalPark.【答案】4.B5.C6.D【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了奥林匹克国家公园里的四个景点。4.推理判断题。根据“HohRiverValley”部分的“TheHohRiverisonthewestsideofthepark.(霍河在公园的西侧。)”和“Itisatemperaterainforest.Becauseoftheamountofrain,manydifferenttypesofplantsgrowintheHohrainforest,frommossesandfernstohugeSitkasprucetrees.(这是一片温带雨林。由于降雨量大，霍河雨林中生长着许多不同类型的植物，从苔藓、蕨类植物到巨大的锡特卡云杉。)”可知，在公园的西侧有一片温带雨林，这里有许多不同类型的植物，由此可推测出，你可以在这里了解各种各样的植物。故选B。5.细节理解题。根据“HurricaneRidge”部分的“Inwinter,peoplecomeheretoski.Theyalsocomeheretotakepartinotherfunwinteractivities,likesleddingandsnowboarding.(冬天，人们来这里滑雪。他们也来这里参加其他有趣的冬季活动，如滑雪橇和滑雪板。)”可知，在飓风山，人们可以滑雪、滑雪橇和滑雪板，所以喜欢冬季运动的人可以来这里。故选C。6.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“OlympicNationalPark!(奥林匹克国家公园！)”和下文分别讲述的四个景点可知，这四个景点都是奥林匹克国家公园的一部分。故选D。03（2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·三模）ThediversityofAustraliananimalsinNSWnationalparksisextraordinary.Somecommonspeciescanbefoundacrossarangeofparks,whileothersareendemic(特有的)toaspecificarea.Ournationalparksarealsoimportantsheltersforthreatenedanimals,manyfoundnowhereelseintheworld.Thefollowingaresomeexamples.Albert’slyrebirdTheAlbert’slyrebirdismuchrarerthanthesuperblyrebird.Distinguishedbyitsricherbrownfeatherandlessdelicatetailfeathers,it’sprotectedasathreatenedspeciesinNSW.CumberlandPlainlandsnailTheendangeredCumberlandPlainlandsnailisonlyfoundontheCumberlandPlain,westofSydney.Duringdroughtitdigsdeepintothesoiltoescapesevereconditions.Itsbrownshellisthinandfragile(脆弱的).AustralianfursealThelargestfurseal,AustralianfursealsarefoundinisolatedrockyoutcropsandislandsalongtheNSWcoast.Theycomeashoretoformbreedingcolonies(繁殖地)andcanoftenbeseenatBarungubaMontagueIslandNatureReserve.AustralianbrushturkeyTheAustralianbrushturkey,alsoknownasbushorscrubturkey,canbefoundinrainforestsalongeasternNSW.Withastrikingredhead,blue-blackfeatherandboomingcall,thesedistinctiveAustralianbirdsareeasytospotwhilebirdwatchinginseveralNSWnationalparks.7.WhatdoAlbert’slyrebirdandCumberlandPlainlandsnailhaveincommon?A.Theyliveinthesoil. B.Theyhatedryconditions.C.Theyhavelongfeathers. D.Theyarespeciesindanger.8.WhatcanweknowaboutAustralianbrushturkeyfromthetext?A.Theybreedontheseashore. B.Theyareredfromheadtotail.C.Theyadapttorainforestclimate. D.Theyareonlyseenonisolatedislands.9.Wherecanwereadthetext?A.Inasciencereport. B.Inapersonaldiary.C.Inatouristbrochure. D.Inaneducationalmagazine.【答案】7.D8.C9.C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要是介绍澳大利亚的一个国家公园里的动物。7.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Albert’slyrebirdTheAlbert’slyrebirdismuchrarerthanthesuperblyrebird.Distinguishedbyitsricherbrownfeatherandlessdelicatetailfeathers,it’sprotectedasathreatenedspeciesinNSW.”（阿尔伯特的琴鸟比超级琴鸟稀有得多。它以其更丰富的棕色羽毛和不那么精致的尾羽而区别于其他鸟类，它在新南威尔士州被保护为受威胁物种。）和第三段“CumberlandPlainlandsnailTheendangeredCumberlandPlainlandsnailisonlyfoundontheCumberlandPlain,westofSydney.”（濒危的坎伯兰平原陆蜗牛只在悉尼西部的坎伯兰平原发现。）可知，阿尔伯特的琴鸟和坎伯兰平原陆蜗牛都是濒危物种。故选D。8.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“TheAustralianbrushturkey,alsoknownasbushorscrubturkey,canbefoundinrainforestsalongeasternNSW.”（澳大利亚森林火鸡可以在新南威尔士州东部的雨林中找到。）可知，澳大利亚刷火鸡适应了雨林气候。故选C。9.推理判断题。根据第一段“ThediversityofAustraliananimalsinNSWnationalparksisextraordinary.Somecommonspeciescanbefoundacrossarangeofparks,whileothersareendemic（特有的）toaspecificarea.Ournationalparksarealsoimportantsheltersforthreatenedanimals,manyfoundnowhereelseintheworld.”（新南威尔士州国家公园里澳大利亚动物的多样性是惊人的。一些常见的物种可以在一系列公园中找到，而另一些则是特定地区的特有物种。我们的国家公园也是濒危动物的重要避难所，许多濒危动物在世界其他地方是找不到的）可知，本文是以国家公园的口吻介绍澳大利亚的几种动物，这类文章通常出现在旅游手册上。故选C。04（2024·广东·模拟预测）Wildlifeconservationinitiativesofferameaningfulwayforindividualstoactivelyparticipateintheprotectionofendangeredspecieswhilegaininginsightsintohowtheycancontributetotheirpreservation.Forthosepassionateaboutwildlife,severalprogramspresentopportunitiesforinvolvement:◆AnimalRescueProject,SouthAfrica:EngagealongsideexperiencedconservationistsinCapeTown,solvingthechallengeoffindingnewhomesforhomelessdogsandcats.Theprojectinvolvesananimalhospitalequippedtocatertotheirmedicalneedsandanadoptioncenterdedicatedtofindingthempermanenthomes.Duetofinancialconstraints,thecenterreliesheavilyonvolunteerstohandledailytasksandprovidehands-oncarefortheseanimals.◆SeaTurtleConservationProject,SriLanka:Witnessingadeclineinseaturtlepopulationsduetovariouscommercialactivities,thisprojectfocusesonsupportinghatcheries(孵化场)intheirconservationefforts.ParticipationintheSeaTurtleConservationProjectinSriLankasupportshatcheriesintheirconservationefforts,includingprovidingfinancialassistance.Yourparticipationnotonlyaidsinprovidingfinancialsupporttothesehatcheriesbutalsocontributestothesustainabilityofseaturtlepopulations.◆WildlifeConservationProgram,Australia:Immerseyourselfinactivitiessuchasanimalcare,facilitymaintenance,andenrichmenttasks,offeringanincredibleopportunitytogainfirsthandinternationalworkexperience.Thisprogramalsoservesasanexcellentopportunitytomakeameaningfulcontributionwhilefosteringconnectionswithlike-mindedindividualsfromacrosstheglobe.◆MarineConservationProgram,Bali:SetinTianyar,wherecoralreefdegradationthreatenstheecosystem,thisinitiativeaimstorestoreandconservethereeftoensureasustainablefutureforthelocalcommunityandmarinelife.10.WhatistheprimaryobjectiveoftheAnimalRescueProjectinSouthAfrica?A.Toprovidemedicalcareforinjuredwildlife.B.Toconductresearchonendangeredspecies.C.ToorganizevolunteeractivitiesinCapeTown.D.Torehabilitateandrehomestraydogsandcats.11.HowdoesparticipationintheSeaTurtleConservationProjectinSriLankacontributetothepreservationofseaturtlepopulations?A.Byorganizingawarenesscampaignsaboutmarineconservation.B.Byestablishingnewhabitatsforseaturtles.C.Byprovidingfinancialsupporttolocalhatcheries.D.Byregulatingcommercialfishingactivities.12.WhatmakestheWildlifeConservationPrograminAustraliaanattractiveopportunityforparticipants?A.ThechancetoexploretheculturalheritageofAustralia.B.Theopportunitytoengageininternationalworkexperience.C.Theavailabilityofluxuriousaccommodationsforvolunteers.D.Thefocusonresearchprojectsstudyingvariousanimalspecies.【答案】10.D11.C12.B【导语】本文是