2023-2024学年高二英语译林版2020选择性试题Unit2Grammar

第2讲选择性必修二Unit2Grammar目标任务目标任务课程标准学习目标围绕人与社会的主题语境，依托语篇，通过一系列英语学习活动，发展英语学科核心素养。1．在语篇中观察、探究语法现象，自主归纳语法规则，并在新的语境和活动中正确使用语法。2．通过训练与本单元语法相关的练习加强学生的英语运用意识。002预习导学（一）课前阅读：本单元的语法是过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态：PassivevoiceinthepastcontinuousandpastperfecttensesNicolewroteablogpostaboutthecityhalfmarathonshetookpartin.Findthesentencesthatusethepassivevoiceinthepastcontinuousandpastperfecttenses.（黄色标注部分）MyheartwasbeatingrapidlyinmychestasIfoundashadyplacetorestmytiredbody.Mycheekswerered,andIcouldhearmyselfbreathingheavilyasIlookedupatthebluesky.Whenmybreathingreturnedtonormal,Ireflectedonwhathadjustbeenachieved.Sixweeksago,myfriendstoldmethatacityhalfmarathonforamateurswasbeingorganizedtohelpraisemoneyforcharity,andencouragedmetotakepart.Despitemylackofrunningexperience,Iagreed.Inordernottohurtmykneesorankles,Istartedmytrainingverygentlybyrunningjustonekilometreonthefirstday.Overthenextsixweeks,IgraduallyincreasedthedistanceIranineachtrainingsessionandalsomadesuretoallowmybodyenoughtimetorestandrecoveraftereachrun.SoonI

wasrunningdistancesIhadneverthoughtpossible.ThedayofthehalfmarathonfinallyarrivedandI

feltwellprepared.I

ateaheartybreakfastsoIknewIcouldgetthroughtotheend.I

ranmyracerelaxedandconfident,eventhoughmylimitswerebeingtestedlikeneverbefore.Iwashappytolearnthatalotofmoneyhadbeenraisedforcharity.Ifeltreallyproudofmyself,andmyfriendsandIagreedtoruninthenextcitymarathon!Thinkaboutasportingeventyoutookpartinorwatched.Describetheexperienceusingthepassivevoiceinthepastcontinuousandpastperfecttenses.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（二）基础梳理过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态过去进行时的被动语态：结构：主语+was/werebeing+done用法：过去进行时的被动表示过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。Thestadiumwasbeingbuiltthattime.那时体育场正在建设当中。Hesaidthatthemanwasbeingoperatedon.他说那个人正在动手术。Hetoldmethatanewstationwasbeingbuilt.他说正在修建一个新车站。过去完成时的被动语态：结构：主语+hadbeen+done用法：1）过去完成时的被动语态表示过去某一时间之前已经被完成的动作。常与by,before等引导的时间状语连用。2）在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时的被动语态。Hesaidtheworkhadbeenfinished.他说工作已完成了。Thehostageshadbeenreleasedwhenpolicearrived.警察到时人质已经被释放了。（三）预习作业1.预习本单元Integratedskills&Extendedreading&Project部分的重点词汇和短语2.熟读这部分出现的文章003探究提升环节一变：用所给动词的适当形式填空WhenIwenttopayhimavisit,he_________(examine)bydoctor.Lastnight’sTVnewssaidthatbythenthedeathofthemissingpeople________(notprove)yet.IhadthedistinctimpressionI____________(watch).Thecoffee____________(make)whenIwalkedintothekitchen.Allthetablesbythewindow___________(book)bytelephonewhenIgottotherestaurant.Ameeting___________(hold)whenIwasthere.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgym___________(plete)inBeijing.【答案】1.wasbeingexamined2.hadnotbeenproved3.hadwatched4.wasbeingmade5.hadbeenbooked6.wasbeingheld7.hadbeenpleted环节二变：完成句子他那时正在大学学计算机专业。____________________________________________________________________【答案】puterwasbeingmajoredbyhimduringhiscollege.2.那时长江上正在建造另一座大桥。____________________________________________________________________【答案】AnotherbridgewasbeingbuiltovertheChangjiangRiverthen.3.他说那个人正在动手术。____________________________________________________________________【答案】Hesaidthatthemanwasbeingoperatedon.昨天的这个时候树木正在被种植。____________________________________________________________________【答案】Treeswerebeingplantedbythematthistimeyesterday.

他说正在修建一个新车站。____________________________________________________________________【答案】Hetoldmethatanewstationwasbeingbuilt.6.为什么他们没有准时开车到那儿？____________________________________________________________________【答案】Whydidn'ttheydrivethereontime?7.因为那条路正在修理当中。_____________________________________________________________________【答案】Becausetheroadwasbeingmended.8.当爸爸到家的时候，晚餐正在被做。_____________________________________________________________________【答案】Thedinnerwasbeingcookedwhenfathergothome.环节三变：主动句和被动句句型变换①WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets._____________________________________________________________________________【答案】WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout.②Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath;peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader._____________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath;hehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader③Theworkersweremendingtheroad._________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Theroadwasbeingmended.④Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere._________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.⑤Theyhadproduced100tractorsbytheendoflastyear._________________________________________________________________________________【答案】100tractorshadbeenproducedbytheendoflastyear.

⑥HewentontostudyEnglishafterhehadfinishedhismathshomework._________________________________________________________________________________【答案】HewentontostudyEnglishafterhismathshomeworkhadbeenfinished.04体系构建04体系构建过去进行时的被动语态：wasbeingdone被动语态过去进行时的被动语态：wasbeingdone被动语态过去完成时的被动语态:hadbeendone005记忆清单一、过去进行时的被动语态1.结构是wasbeingdone2.用法是过去进行时的被动表示过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。二、过去完成时的被动语态1.结构是hadbeendone2.用法是：1）过去完成时的被动语态表示过去某一时间之前已经被完成的动作。常与by,before等引导的时间状语连用。2）在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时的被动语态。060601强化训练第一节应用文写作(满分15分)你是李华，与同学王明约好到他家讨论将要举行的英语演讲比赛，但是在路上目睹一起交通事故，并把伤者送往医院，没能赴约。请给他写一封道款信，新的内容如下：向李华表示歉意解释未能赴约的原因约定时间以便再作讨论 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearWangMing，IamterriblysorrythatIdidn'tshowupatyourhometodiscusstheingEnglishspeechcontestasplanned.Pleaseexcusemeformyabsence.Onthewaytoyourhome,Icameacrossncaraccident.Seeingthemanseriouslyinjured,Isoonrushedhimtohospitalinataxiandstayedthereuntilhewasproperlytrained.EverythinghappenedsounexpectedlythatIdidn'thavetimetoinformyou.Pleaseacceptmysincereapology.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldkindlytellmewhenyouareavailablesothatwewilldiscussthecontestlater.Sincerelyyours,LiHua第二节读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Joanexcitedlypackedherbagsforherupingtripwithherfamily.TheyweredrivingfromNewYorktoVirginiatogoonabriefvisittotheirdistantrelatives.Shewasburstingwithimpatiencetoplaywithhercousinsandchatawaywithherauntanduncle.Afterallofthesuitcaseshadbeenloadedintothecar,Tonny,Joan’sfather,lookedtoJoanandhermother,Flora.“Iseveryonereadyforourroadtrip?”Theybothsmiledandnodded.Itwasgoingtobequitealongjourney,andwithinacoupleofhoursJoanhadalreadybeguntofeeltired.Shebegantonodoffwhenshenoticedthecarveeringofftheroad,sharplytotheleft.Tonnymanagedanemergencystop,gotoutandwalkedaroundthecar.Hescratchedhishead,lookingconfused.Then,hegaveagreatsigh.“Wehaveaflattire(轮胎),”hesaidtoFlora.“Usethesparetireinthetrunk.ThenwecanreplaceitwhenwereachVirginia,”shesuggested.Tonnylookeddownathisfeetsheepishly.“I…haven’thadthesparetirereplacedsincethelasttimewehadaflat.”Floraseemedupset,buttriedtoremainpositive.“Maybewecancallaservice,”shesuggested.Butaquickglanceattheircellphonestoldthemthattherewasnosignalinthearea.Joanlookedathermotherinthefrontseat,andherfatherstillstaringblanklyattheflattireoutside.Bothofthemlookedconcerned.Joanbegantogetworried.Noothercarshadpassedbyinawhileanditseemedliketheywerefarawayfromatowncenter.Shelookedoutthewindow,wonderingiftheywouldhavetosleepinthecaroriftherewasanywaytheycouldpossiblyfindsomeonetohelpthem.WouldtheyevermaketheirwaytoVirginia?Herrelativeswouldsurelybeworriedaboutthem.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。WhenJoanlookedoutthewindow,shesawacarapproaching.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ItbegantorainandJoanbecamemoreworried.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】WhenJoanlookedoutthewindow,shesawacarapproaching.Shewavedtothedriverwithexcitementandthecarslowlycametoastop.Anoldladygotoutofthecar.Joanbeggedwhethershecouldaskaservicewhenshevisitedthenearesttown.Theladypromisedtodoallshecouldandthenthecardisappearattheendoftheroad.Allofasudden,thewindseemedtobepickingupandtheleaveswerebeingblownabout.ItbegantorainandJoanbecamemoreworried.Buttheonlythingshecoulddowastostayinthecarwithherfamily.Theskywasgettingdarker,butnoonecame.Suddenly,theyspottedheadlightsinthedistance.Emergencyrescuerscametohelpthem!Theyquicklyreplacedthetire,andthecarstartedagain.Thewholefamilyweredeeplymoved,notbelievingwhattheysaw.Theysetoutagainwithimmensegratitude.阅读理解CWhenpeopleareintheirlateteenyearsorearlytwenties，inotherwords，whentheyareolderandwiser，wisdomteethcangrowintoplacenormallyandnevercauseaproblem.Butoftenthereisnotenoughroomfortheminthemouth；theymightcrowdotherteeth.Sometimestheyevenpushsidewaysthroughthegums(齿龈).Animpactedwisdomtoothisonethatfailstopletelyrisethroughthegums.Wisdomteeththatonlypartlybreakthroughcanleavespaceforbacteriatoenteraroundtheteeth.Infection(感染)isariskinthesecases.Wisdomteeththatarenotwelllinedandbeeimpactedareoftenremoved.TheAmericanDentalAssociationsaysremovalisgenerallyadvisedwhenwisdomteethonlypartlybreakthroughthegums.Removalisalsoadvisedifthereisachancethatwisdomteethatepoorlylined.Thebesttimetoremoveisbeforetheteethcauseanyproblemsorpain.Youngadultsarethebestcandidatesforwisdomteethremoval.Butwhydowehavewisdomteethifweoftenneedtogetthemremoved？Onetheoryhastodowithourdiets.Scientistssaythedietofancienthumansprobablyrequiredmorechewingteeth.Lifewasprobablyalittlerougherontheteethbackthen，too.Soitwasgoodtohaveextras.28.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Justolderandwiserpeoplecanhavewisdomteeth.B.Wisdomteethcancauseproblemsifnotintheirrightplace.C.Impactedwisdomteethcan’tgrowoutofthegumfully.D.Wisdomteeththatonlypartlybreakcangetbacterialinfections.29.Wisdomteethshouldberemoved________.A.whentheybreakthroughthegumsB.whentheyarebelowthegumsC.iftheyarenotwelllinedorgetimpactedD.iftheytakeupenoughroominthemouth30.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.impactedwisdomteethhavetheriskofgettinginfectedB.ancienthumansneedchewingteethbecauseoftheirhappylifeC.olderadultsarethebestcandidatesforwisdomteethremovalD.morechewingteethareneededforthedietofmodernhumans31.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A.advise B.persuadeC.ment D.introduce【答案】ACAD【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了智慧之牙——智齿。28.A解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，所谓的智齿是指在青少年晚期或二十岁出头长出的牙齿，而不是只有老人或智者才有的牙齿。29.C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句“Wisdomteeththatarenotwelllinedandbeeimpactedareoftenremoved.”可知，C项正确。30.A解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知，阻生智齿(即impactedwisdomteeth)会在牙齿周围给细菌留出进入的空间，这就有被感染的风险。故选A。根据第四段最后一句可排除C项；根据最后一段可排除B、D两项。31.D解析：写作意图题。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了长智齿的大概时间、智齿可能导致的问题、拔掉智齿的适宜时间、为什么长智齿等内容。所以本文写作的主要目的就是介绍。DKidsmayneedtoapologizeiftheydosomethingwrong－liketellingalieorbreakingaruleonpurpose.Whentheydosomethingtheirparentstellthemnottodo，ortheydon’tdosomethingtheyaresupposedtodo，theyapologize，too.Grown­upscanapologize，too—toothergrown­upsoreventokids.Afterall，evengrown­upsmakemistakessometimes.Byapologizingwhenthey’rewrong，grown­upscansetagoodexampleandshowkidshowtodotherightthingandapologizewhentheyneedto.Saying“I’msorry”whenyouneedtoistherightthingtodo.Itdoesalotofgood.Butbyitself，itmightnotbeenoughtomakeeverythingallbetteragain.Sometimesalongwithanapology，apersonneedstofixthemistakeorpromisetodobetter.Sometimesdoinganicethingforthepersonafteryouapologizehelpsshowthatyoureallyaresorryandwanttobefriendlyagain.Sometimesaheartfelt(由衷的)“I’msorry”fixeseverythingrightaway.Othertimes，itmighttakeawhileforsomeonetofeelfriendlyafteryouapologize.Youmightneedtogivetheotherpersonsometime.Evenafteryousayyou’resorry，youmightstillfeelbadaboutwhatyousaidordid－butyouc