初中英语语法被动语态讲解

被动

1,各种时疑被动语态辅

2。

3。豕但

结构：be+动词的过去分词

意义：强调主语是动作的永免考

Theglasswasbrokenbytheboy.

1.主语介词by+宾语

2谓.语加be,并变为过去分词

主语

3.宾语

Theteabro_kethyglass.

变化:

示例

Iheglassv5as'brokenbytheh(»5.

变为被动语态

l.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.

主语+及物动词+宾语

Shoesaremade(bythem)inthat

factory.

一般现在时：

S(主语)+am/is/are+过去分词

2.Theyboughttencomputerslast

term.J

Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)

lastterm.

一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词

Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.

主谓宾（受动者）

Thefoomwillbebleanedb/Tom

tomorrow.

一般将来时;willbe+动词的过去分词

5.

Someworkersarepaintingtherooms

now.

Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysome

workersnow.

现在进行时：

S+am/is/are+being+过去分词

6.Wehavemadetwentymorekeys.

Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadeby

us.

现在完成时：

S+have/has+been+过去分词

二、常见语态转换

l.LucyboughtsomeFruit.

Somerruitw，、buiiEhlh、Lucy.

2.L]ndeWangwaterstheflowerseveryday.

Theflowersart，1TdbyUncleWangeveryday.

3.Dldtheybuildthebridgein1998?

UnsthebrldKe加心|n199«>

4.WhendidLuXunwritethesebooks?

Whrnuir(thcsrbookswritten_1)、l.uXun?

S.Thefurnici*Ndon4tgn>^iipplcxonthehirm.

\pplv>"'1「<Nnanthefiinn.

6/Hieydidn'tdeanthechumroomyesterday.

TheclussHH>m”心JLJLdianvdyesterday.

小结：

1、被初语态的转换，确定妇也是关键，

过权芬词永不变.

2、Be的时态由主动时态确定:

be的单/复数由一也皿比确定.

3、同句提前K动词：否施K后加not.

（二）I,情态动词的被动语态。

LYoucandotheworkullbyvourself.

Theworkc”11be/）n%||byyourself.

2.Wemustplantmoretrees.

Moretreesmuslb«plunled.

4.Canweputourbikeshere?

Canourl”kesJ»£puthere?

小结：

I.含情态动词的被动结构：情态动词+M+过去分词.

2凝问句根前情太心词：否定句：情态，力词+not.

2,双宾语的句子

1)人作为被动句的主语

2)物作为主语时，加to,for

l.Timgavemeanewpen.

Iwasgivenanewpen(byTim).

Anewpenw&sRiventome(byTim).

l.Tom'sfatherboughthimabook

Hewasboughtabook(byhisfather)

Abook.wasboughtforhim(byhisfather)

如：givebegivento

此类动词有：pass,show,send...

buybeboughtfor

此类动词还有：draw,make,cook,mend

3,扁6动词(hear,see,watch,feel,notice等)

和使榄动词(let.makehave等)改为蚊动语态时.

杷t。加在动词原册之前.

Theymadetheboyswprk12hoursaday.

Theboysweremadetowork12hoursaday.

Weoftenseehimgoforawalkbytheriver.

Heisoftenseentogoforawalkbytheriver.

4,动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能丢.

takecareof-*betakencareof

cutdown—becutdown

laughat—belaughedat

lookafter-♦belookedafter

不用被动语态：

1,Stop,是不及物动词，因此不能变为被动

语态.

•Therainstopped.

happen,takeplace.appear,disappear,belongtozbreak

out(爆发)

2.连系动词不用被动语态。如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,sinell,

taste,get,turn,become...

PekingOpera80Hft^bnd)beautiful.

3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态。

writes

Thepen(write)veryfast.

Thiskindofsweater细部)well.

三、有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、

“大家说”等时。例如：

Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopof

ahouseand.......

ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.

众所周知....Itiswellknownthat...

据推测说....Itissupposedthat...

1.—DidyougotoJim'sbirthdayparty?

-No,IB

A.amnotinvitedB.wasn'tinvited

C.haven'tinvitedD.didn'tinvited

2.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbishg

intotheriver.

A.needn'tbethrown

B.mustiftbethrown

C.can'tthrow

D.maynotthrow

3.YoumaygofishingifyourworkA・

A.isdoneB.willbedone

C.hasdoneD.havedone

4.Wearetold'everywhere.It'sour

dutytokeepourschoolclean.

A.nottomakemuchnoise

B.tothrowwastepaper

C.todraw

D.nottospit

1.—Whatdoyouthinkofthefootballmatch

yesterday?

---It,ssurprising.ThestrongestteamA.

A.wasbeatenB.wonC.scoredD.wasfailed^^

2.1won'tcometothepartyunlessSue।)

A.willinviteB.invitesC.invitedI),isinvited扬

3.Whatareonshowinthemuseum?

Somephotos胃byAfricanchildren.君^

A.aretakenB.havebeentaken•«

C.takenD.weretaken

4.TheboycstudyathomebyherlastSunday.

AmadeBwasmadeCwasmadetoDmadeto

4.Thetreesmustcthreetimesaweek.

A.waterB.iswateringC.bewateredD.waters

S.Anothernewbuilding\xlastmonthnearmy

school.

A.wasbuiltB.builtC.hasbeenbuiltD.isbuilt

6.Anewbridgeovertherivernextyear.

AisbuiltBwillbuild

CwillbebuiltDwillbuilt

7.TVandradioprogramesctheotherside

oftheworldwiththehelpofthesatellites.

AcansendtoBcansendon

CcanbesenttoDcanbesenton

3.InsummermeatandfruitAforalongtime.

Acan'tbekeptBdoesn'tkeep

CisnotkeptDisn'tkeeping

4.Thesefilms13byyoungchildren.

AshouldnotseenBshouldiftbeseen

CshouldhenotseenDshouldsee

5.ThepieceofmusicAgreat.

AsoundsBsoundedCissounded1)issounding

6.ItAinasmallvillagelastmonth.

AhappenedBwashappened

ChappenDhadhappened

2.OurclassroomshouldBcleanandtidy.

AwaskeptBbekeptCiskeepDhavekept

3.NoletterDsinceyouleftforShanghai.

AhavereceivedBhavebeenreceived

ChadbeenreceivedDhasbeenreceived

4.I'mafraidyoucan'tgoin.Theroomc

AispaintedBhaspainted

CisbeingpaintedDispainting

6.Thegirl_Bsingingwhenwepassedby.

AheardBwasheardCwasheardtoDheardto

3.Mynewpen___well.AwritesBiswritingCiswrittenDwaswriting4.Alotof

money