2021年高考英语调研大一轮复习课时作业34Unit4SharingB卷

课时作业34SharingⅠ.阅读理解(辽宁大连旅顺口检测)Aboutthreedecadesago,Chinawasknownasthe“BicycleButrecentmonthshaveseenarevivalofthebikeacrossChina,withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingcyclinginsteadofdrivingtoschools,toworkplacesortodosightseeing.Theintroductionofbike­sharingsystemshasbroughtthetrendtoanewlevel.Peoplecanunlockthesharedbikesbysimplyusingtheirsmartphones.ThebikesareequippedwithGPSandcanbeleftanywhereinpublicforthenextuser.They'repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“lastmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson'sjourney.However,thesystemshavealsoledtoproblemssuchasillegalparking,damageonpurposeandtheft.Lastmonth,twonursesinBeijingwereplacedunderadministritivedetentionforfivedaysforputtinglocksontwosharedbikes.“Bike­sharingisagreenermethodoftransportationandprovidesauser­friendlyexperience，”saidLiuXiaoming,vice­ministeroftransport.“Butit'sacombinationofonlineandofflinebusiness.Operatorsareusuallystronginonlineservices,butlackofflinebusinessexperience,whichcausesproblems.”Now,Chineseserviceoperatorsaretryingtohandletheseproblems.Forexample,abike­sharingcompanycalledMobikesetsa100­pointcreditscoreforeachuser,withpointstakeninthecaseofbadbehavior.Onceascoredropsbelow80,bikerentalisincreasedto100yuanper30minutes,upfrom0.5—1yuan.本文是一篇说明文，介绍了近期共享单车在中国受欢迎的原因、所遇到的问题及解决问题的办法。1．Theunderlinedword“revival”inParagraph2probablymeans________.A．survival B．recoveryC．existence D．popularity答案：B解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句popularitybegantofade,withmanybikessoonreplacedbytheirfuel­poweredcompetitors以及第二段前两句Butrecentmonthshaveseenarevival...withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingcycling...可知自行车的受欢迎程度呈现“复苏”的态势。故选B。2．Thebike­sharingsystemsarepopularbecause________.A．theyareveryeffectiveB．theycanbepickedupanywhereC．theyareequippedwithGPSD．theyhelptosolvethe“lastmile”problem答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段They'repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“lastmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson'sjourney.可知共享单车受欢迎是因为它们有效地解决了人们最后一英里的问题，故选D。3．Tosolvetheproblemsofillegalparking,damageonpurposeandtheft,operatorsneedto________.A．offerstrongeronlineservicesB．combineonlineandofflinebusinessC．providecreditscoreforusersD．obtainmoreofflinebusinessexperience答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第五段Operatorsareusuallystronginonlineservices,butlackofflinebusinessexperience,whichcausesproblems.可以推断出导致共享单车系统出现问题的原因是lackofflinebusinessexperience，所以解决这个问题就需要增加线下运营经验。故选D。Ⅱ.阅读填句(陕西西安中学检测)Imaginelookingoutofyourwindowandseeingawhaleswimby.That'sthesightthatsurprisesNewYorkCityresidentsrecently.Inthepastyears,humpbackwhaleshavebeenspottedinthetworiverssurroundingtheislandofManhattan,theHudsonRiverandtheEastRiver.__1__Expertssaythatriverclean­upeffortshaveimprovedwaterqualityandledtoanincreaseinthenumberoffishthere.Fishareonthehumpback'smenu.__2__Thesightingisalsoanencouragingsignthatconservationeffortsarehelpinghumpbackwhalescomeback.In1973,thespecieswaslistedastheendangered.Nowscientistssayhumpbackwhalesaremakingacomeback.Bythemiddleofthe20thcentury,huntingwhalesforprofithadnearlywipedoutmanywhalespecies.In1973,theUSsetuptheEndangeredSpeciesAct.PeoplewerenolongerallowedtohuntthemintheUSwaters.In1982,theInternationalWhalingisillegalworldwide.__3__LastSeptember,itwasannouncedthatninegroupsofhumpbackwhalesarenolongerendangered.Fourgroupsarestillendangeredandafifthisthreatened.__4__ThenumberofthemisgrowingparticularlyfasterintheSouthernHemispherelikeTasmanSeaandCoralSea.AndthenumberofhumpbackwhalesinHawaiihasmadeanamazingrecovery.In1966,therewerefewerthan1,500humpbacksthere.Todaythereareabout10,000.Buthumpbacksinotherpartsoftheworldarestillstruggling.__5__“Westillhavealotofworktodo，”saysAngelaSomma,headofNOAASFisheries'endangeredspeciesdivision.Butwiththerightprotection,thenumberofhumpbackwhalesshouldcontinuetogrow.A．Theseeffortstosavewhalesarepayingoff.B．Peoplearefrightenedwhenseeingwhalesintheriver.C．Lastyear,oneevenswampastwherethemayorlives.D．Todaythereareabout100,000humpbackwhalesworldwide.E．Theextrafoodintheriversismainlywhat'sattractingthewhales.F．Scientistshavecarriedoutfurtherresearchonthenumberofthewhales.G．Scientistssaythatthefocusneedstobeonthewhalesthatarestillstruggling.本文首先向我们展示了鲸鱼数量回升的好现象，接着又讲述了鲸鱼由于被捕濒临灭绝的历史以及人们为了保护鲸鱼所做出的努力，最后告诉我们鲸鱼数量的现状以及我们仍需做的努力。1．C解析：根据空格前一句“Inthepastyears,humpbackwhaleshavebeenspottedinthetworiverssurroundingtheislandofManhattan,theHudsonRiverandtheEastRiver.”可知在过去的几年里，在环绕曼哈顿岛的两条河流——哈得孙河和东河里，已经发现了驼背鲸，而选项C“Lastyear,oneevenswampastwherethemayorlives.”去年，有一只甚至从市长住的地方游过，在意思上正好与其承接，故选C。2．E解析：根据空格前一句“Fishareonthehumpback'smenu.”可知增加的鱼成了驼背鲸的菜单，而选项E“Theextrafoodintheriversismainlywhat'sattractingthewhales.”河中额外的食物是吸引鲸鱼的主要东西，这里“额外的食物”就是“增加的鱼”，故选E。3．A解析：空格前讲的都是人们为保护鲸鱼所作出的努力，根据空格后“LastSeptember,itwasannouncedthatninegroupsofhumpbackwhalesarenolongerendangered.”可知去年九月宣布九组鲸鱼不再处于濒临灭绝的境地，A项这些拯救鲸鱼的努力取得成功。承上启下，符合上下文，故选A。4．D解析：根据空格后“Thenumberofthem...”可知空格里应该填鲸鱼的数量，故选D。5．G解析：根据空格后“Westillhavealotofworktodo，”可知对鲸鱼的保护工作目前做的还不够，而选项G“Scientistssaythatthefocusneedstobeonthewhalesthatarestillstruggling.”科学家们说注意力需要放在那些仍然处在困境中的鲸鱼上，在意思上正好相承接，故选G。Ⅲ.语法填空(山东枣庄八中检测)InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso­called“ricebowl”cultureofChina,Japan,South,Korea,__1__Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.Chopsticksareusuallytwolong,thinpiecesofwoodorbamboo.Theycanalsobemadeofplastic,animalboneormetal.Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight__2__(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetal__3__(create)specialdesigns.TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksforfivethousandyears.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,__4__(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.Overtime,__5__thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldbecookedmorequickly.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich__6__(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,__7__livedfromroughly551to479BC,influencedthe__8__(develop)ofchopsticks.Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand__9__(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat__10__theirhands.本文是一篇说明文。介绍了筷子的应用，制作不同的筷子需要的材料与工艺，以及筷子的形成过程。1．and解析：考查连词。列举的几个国家是并列关系，故用and连接。2．be_made解析：考查语态。该句句意：真正精致的筷子可能是由金银制成，并刻有汉字。筷子是被制作的，应该用被动语态，在情态动词might后用动词原形，故答案为bemade。3．to_create解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知此处应用动词不定式形式作目的状语。4．using解析：考查非谓语动词。逗号前面是一个完整的句子且中间没有连词，因此该空格应该用非谓语动词作状语。句子的主语people与use之间是主谓关系，故用动词­ing形式using作方式状语。5．as/when解析：考查连词。句意为“随着人口的增长”，故用as或when引导时间状语从句。6．gradually解析：考查副词。动词短语turnedinto应该用副词修饰。gradual是形容词，其副词形式为gradually。7．who解析：考查定语从句。根据对逗号前后内容的分析可以看出空格处所在句子为非限制性定语从句，其先行词Confucius指人，故用who引导该定语从句。8．development解析：考查名词。根据句意以及前面的动词influenced和冠词the可以断定，此处应该用名词作宾语。develop的名词形式是development。9．were解析：考查时态与主谓一致。根据语境可知此处应用一般过去时，且主语knives为复数形式，故谓语动词用were。10．with解析：考查介词。句意：例如，在印度，大部分人传统上用手吃饭。介词with表示“用……”之意。Ⅳ.短文改错(黑龙江哈尔滨师范大学附属中学检测)WhenIwasaseniorinahighschool,IhadateachercallingMrsSmith.ShetaughtEnglishandshehasanimportanteffectonme.Shewasfillofloveforus.Shehadourclasstomakepostersandhangitaroundtheschool.Shetaughtusthatonekindlyactcangolongway.Well,MrsSmithpassedawayjustacoupleofyearagoafteralongbattlewiththebreastcancer.I'llneverforgethowawonderfulandsweetladyshewas.Iamtrulyblessedtohaveknownher.IamgoingtobeateacherlikeherandI'llalwaysrememberhiskindness.答案与解析WhenIwasaseniorinahighschool,Ihadateachereq\o(calling,\s\do14(called))MrsSmith.ShetaughtEnglishandsheeq\o(has,\s\do14(had))animportanteffectonme.Shewaseq\o(fill,\s\do14(full))ofloveforus.Shehadourclasseq\o(to,＼)makepostersandhangeq\o(it,\s\do14(them))aroundtheschool.Shetaughtusthatoneeq\o(kindly,\s\do14(kind))actcangoeq\o(∧,\s\do14(a))longway.Well,MrsSmithpassedawayjustacoupleofeq\o(year,\s\do14(years))agoafteralongbattlewiththebreastcancer.I'llneverforgeteq\o(how,\s\do14(what))awonderfulandsweetladyshewas.Iamtrulyblessedtohaveknownher.IamgoingtobeateacherlikeherandI'llalwaysremembereq\o(his,\s\do14(her))kindness.1．calling→called考查非谓语动词。作teacher的定语，和被修饰的名词是被动关系，用过去分词。2．has→had考查时态。本文讲述的过去的事情，应该用过去式。3．fill→full考查短语。fill为动词；befullof为固定搭配。4．去掉to考查非谓语动词。本句的结构为havesb.dosth.“让……做……”，应该省略to。5．it