2023-2024学年湖南省浏阳市八下英语期末质量跟踪监视模拟试题含答案

2023-2024学年湖南省浏阳市八下英语期末质量跟踪监视模拟试题满分120分，时间90分钟一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、People________forthelostboyfortwodays.Hisparentsareworried.A.search B.willsearch C.havesearched D.weresearching2、Itsnowed________lastnight.You’dbetterwalkslowlywhenyougooutside.A.hardly B.heavily C.quickly D.strong3、Theteacherdidn’tnoticemecomein.She________somenotesontheblackboard.A.writes B.wrote C.iswriting D.waswriting4、—Walt,wehavefewvegetablesfordinner.Couldyougoandbuy________?—Yes,sure.A.any B.some C.it D.few5、—Whereisyourcousin?—He________abroad.Hewon’tcomebackuntilnextmonth.A.hasbeen B.hasgone C.willgo D.wasgoing6、Accordingtolaw,you_________wearyourhelmet(头盔)whileridingyoure-bicycle.A.can B.must C.may D.could7、I________afraidoflivinginastrangeway,butnowIliketotryanythingnew.A.usedtobe B.usedtobeing C.amusedto D.amusedtobe8、Theoldbuildinglooksnice.It’sabout________.A.fifteen-meter-high B.fifteenmeterhighC.fifteen-metershigh D.fifteenmetershigh9、Myparents________Tianjingonbusinessforawholeweek.SoIlivewithmyunclethesedays.A.havebeento B.havegoneto C.havebeenin D.havebeenaway10、Theoldmanlives_______,butheneverfeels_______.A.alone,lonely B.lonely,aloneC.alone,alone D.lonely,lonely二、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）11、最后，他们赢了这场重要的比赛。They________theimportantmatch________________________.12、fiction,interesting,an,what________________________________!13、else，on，who，is，island，my________________________________?14、Thespiritoftheseclimbersshowsusthatweshouldnevergiveuptryingtoa________ourdreams.15、Ihavegivenupsmoking________(自从)Icaughtabadcough.三、补全对话（10分）16、通读下面对话，根据对话内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。John:Whatareyoureading,Linda?Linda:RobinsonCrusoebyDanielDefoe.John:____1____.Linda:It’saboutamannamedRobinsonwholivesaloneonanisland.John:Really?Ican’timagine!What’sRobinsonlike?Linda:_____2_____.John:Isthestoryinteresting?Linda:Sure._____3_____Ican’tstopreadingthebook.John:____4____.Linda:Ofcourse!I’llbringittoyouassoonasIfinishit.John:Great._____5_____.Linda:Itwon’ttakelong.A.CanIborrowit?B.Ienjoyitsomuch.C.What’sthebookabout?D.Ican’twaittoreadthebook.E.Thebookisdifficulttounderstand.F.He’scleverenoughtogetovermanydifficulties.四、阅读理解（40分）17、OrionJeanisafourth-graderintheUS.Likeotherkidsofhisage,Orionlikeslisteningtomusicandplayingsports.Butonethingmakeshimdifferent—heorganizesactivitiestospreadkindnesstoothers.In2020,Orionwonaspeech（演讲）competitionandreceived$500asaprize.Heusedthemoneytobuytoys（玩具）forthesickchildreninhospital.Toletmorepeoplejoinhim,hethenbeganhisRaceto500Toysactivity.Oriondidn’tstopthere.Whenhefoundsomepeopledidn’thaveenoughfoodinhisneighborhood,heworkedwithothergroupsandcollected（收集）morethan100.000mealsforthepoorfamiliesAccordingtoanearlierreport,somestudentsdidn’thavechances（机会）toreadpaperbooks.“Thereportshowsthatit’salmostimpossibleforpeopleinsomeareastogetanybooks.Itbreaksmyheart,”Orionsaid.Soheorganizedanactivitytocollectbookstosharewithothers.“Ihopemorepeoplecanjoinme.Whenpeoplecometogetherforacommoncause,greatthingscanhappen,”Orionsaid.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spread’probablymeaninChinese?A.传播 B.尝试 C.接受 D.珍惜2.WhatdidOriondowithhisprizemoney?A.Hetookhisfamilyoutfordinner. B.Heboughttoysforsickchildren.C.Hesharedthemoneywithpoorkids. D.Hegavethemoneytosomevolunteers.3.HowdidOrionfeelwhenhereadtheearlierreport?A.Angry. B.Afraid. C.Sad. D.Surprised.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutOrionfromthepassage?A.Helovesdancingandplayingsportswhenheisfree.B.HewonaspeechcompetitionintheUStwoyearsago.C.Hegavefreemealstopoorfamiliesinhisneighborhood.D.Hebelieveshewillhavemoregoodfriendsinthefuture.5.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribeOrion?A.Funny. B.Talented. C.Honest. D.Kind.18、Onedayamansawanoldladystandingbyherexpensivecar,clearlyinneedofhelp.Sohestoppedhisoldtruckandgotout.Althoughhewassmiling,theoldladywasworried.Washegongtohurther?Hedidn’tlooksafe.Themancouldseethatshewasfrightened,soinhisfriendliestvoicehesaid,“I’mheretohelpyou,madam.Whydon’tyouwaitinthecarwhereit’swarm?Bytheway,mynameisBryanAnderson.”Bryanquicklyfixedthecarandtheladythankedhim.Thensheaskedhowmuchsheshouldpayhim.ButBryanwantednomoney.Hewasjustgivingahandtosomeoneintrouble.Thiswasnormalforhim.Hesaid,“Ifyoureallywanttorepayme,nexttimeyouseesomeoneinneed,helpthemandthinkofme.”Aftersayinggoodbye,theladycontinueddowntheroaduntilshereachedasmallcafeéwhereshedecidedtostopforsomethingtoeat.Astheprettywaitresstookherorder,theladynoticedshewasnearlyeightmonthspregnant(怀孕).Althoughthewaitresslookedtired,shewasverykind.Astheladywasgoingtopaythe＄10bill,sherememberedBryan’swords.Shepaidwithahundred-dollarbill.Butwhenthewaitressreturnedwiththechangetheladywasgone.Onthetableshesawasmallnote.Thereweretearsinhereyeswhenshereadit:“SomebodyoncehelpedmethewayI’mhelpingyou.Ifyouwanttopaymeback,continuebeingkindtoothers.”Underthenotewereninemore＄100bills.Wastheoldladyanangel?Thewaitresswassoexcitedthatshecalledherhusbandtotellhimthenews.“BryanAndersonmydear…you’renotgoingtobelievewhatjusthappened…”1.Whatcanwelearnabouttheoldladyfromthestory?A.Shewasneverkindtoothers.B.Shewasusuallyquitecareless.C.Shewasprobablyveryrich.2.Theunderlinedexpression“givingahandto”isclosestinmeaningto“________”.A.helping B.questioning C.hurting3.Theunderlinedword“it”(Paragraph5)refersto“________”.A.thechange B.thenote C.thebill4.Whichofthefollowingshowstherelationshipbetweentheman,theladyandthewaitress?A. B. C.19、①Cananimalstalk?Itistruethattheyarenotabletousewordslikeours,butmostofthemcantalkintheirownway.②Whenthecatishappyandpleased,howdoessheshowit?Shepurrs,andthisisherwayofsaying.“Iamquitehappynow.”Ifsheisunhappy,orinpain,orhungry,shemews.Ifsheisangry,shesetsupherbackandmoveshertailfromsidetoside.Ifsheistreated(对待)inawayshedoesnotlike,hertailgoesstraightupintheair,andshewalksoutoftheroom.③Ifyourdogispleased,heputsbackhisears,waveshistail,andseemstosmile.Ifheisangry,hegrowls(咆哮),showshisteeth,putsuphistailandthehairalonghisbackandneck,walksaroundslowly,andmakeshimselflookveryfierce（凶猛的）.Thisisthedog’swayofsaying.“Iammad,Ihaveamindtobiteyou.”④Whenahenseesadogcomingnearherchickens,haveyounoticedhowshewavesherwings,raiseshertail,andrushestothedog?Thisisherwayofsaying.“Beoff,orIwillpeckyouwithmyhardbeak(喙)”.Ifsheseesahawk（鹰）,shemakesastrangenoise,andherchickensatoncerunawayandhidethemselves.Theyunderstandtheirmothertosay.“Quick,getoutofsight,dears!Thereisdangernear.”Whenshefindssomenicefood,shemakesanotherkindofnoise.Thechickensknowquitewellwhatitmeans,andrunatoncetosharethefoodtheirmotherhasfoundforthem.⑤Insuchwaysasthese,animalsmakethemselvesunderstoodalmostaswellasiftheycouldtalklikehumans.Theytelltheirfeelingstooneanotherbyactsandbysoundsjustaswedobywords.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。1.Acat’stailgoesstraightupintheairwhen________.A.sheishappyandpleasedB.sheishungryorinpainC.sheistreatedinawayshedislikes2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEAccordingtothepassage?A.Adogputsbackhisearsandwaveshistailtoshowheisangry.B.Adogalwayscomesnearthehentobitethechickenswhenheishappy.C.Thechickensrunawayandhidethemselveswhenthereisdangernear.3.Howisthepassageorganized?A. B. C.4.Whichpartofnewspaperisthepassageprobablyfrom?A.SchoolLife. B.NewsTime. C.AnimalWorld.20、Inourlife,weshouldoftenbereadyforchangethatwillhelpusunlock(释放)ourself-improvementpower.However,wedon’talwaysunderstandit.Wethinkofunlockingourself-improvementpoweronlywheneverythinggetsworst.Whendowerealizethatweneedtochangediets?Whennoneofourshirtsandjeanswouldfitus.Whendowestopeatingcandiesandchocolates?Whenallofourteethhavefallenoff.Weseethewarningsignswhenthingsgetdifficult.Mostofuswilllearnaboutunlockingourself-improvementpoweronlywhenthewholeworldfallsapart.Wethinkandfeelthiswaybecauseitisnoteasytochange.However,changebecomesmorepainfulwhenwepaynoattentiontoit.Changewillhappen,likeitorhateit.Atonepointoranother,weareallgoingtofinallyunlockourself-improvementpower,notbecausetheworldsaysso,butbecausewerealizeit’sgoodforourselves.Happypeopledon’tjustacceptchange;theywelcomeit.Unlockingourself-improvementpowermeansunlockingourselvesoutoftheboxofthoughtthatisjustthewayweare.Itissuchapoorexcuseforpeoplewhofearchange.Janealwaystellseveryonethatsheisafraidofbeingaroundgroupsofpeople.Overtheyears,thatiswhatJanehasbelieved.Everytimeagreatcrowdcome,shestepsbackandlocksherselfupinaroom.Janenotonlybelievesinherstory,butlivesit!Ifwelookatthingsinadifferentway,wemighthavegreaterfun.Doingexercisethreetimesaweekwouldleadtoahealthierlife.Readingbookseverydaywouldbuildupknowledge.Andonlywhenweareenjoyingthewholeprocess(过程)ofunlockingoutself-improvementpower,wewillrealizethatwecantakethingslightandbecomehappy.1.What’sthewriter’spurposeofwritingParagraph2?A.Toshowthathealthisthemostimportant. B.Toexplainwewillmeettroubleinlife.C.Totellproblemsarenotrealizedattimes. D.Toshowwelearnlessonswhenexperiencingpain.2.WhatadvicemightbegiventohelpsolveJane’sproblem?A.Alwaysbelieveinherself. B.Unlockherselfoutoftheboxofthought.C.Getonwithpeopleinafriendlyway. D.Countthedaysuntilsheisfullyimproved.3.Whichofthefollowingopinionsmaythewritersupport?A.Don’timproveourselvesuntilthingsgetworst.B.Peoplechangewhentheyfinditeasytodothat.C.Ifyouwelcomechangeinlife,you’llmakeitbetter.D.Processofself-improvementmakeslifeworse.4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Isitimportanttotakethingslight?B.Isitnecessarytobelieveinyourselves?C.Toholdontothelastmomentortogiveup?D.Tounlockourselvesoutoftheboxofthoughtortostayinit?五、完形填空（10分）21、Therearemanykindsofpollutionaroundus,____1____airpollution,soilpollution,noisepollutionandlightpollution.Theyarebad____2____ourhealthinmanyways.Burninggas,oilandcoalcreatesairpollution.Itcancausesoreeyesand____3____problems.Withtheincreaseofpollutionandthedevelopmentofindustry,litteriseverywhere.Itmakesourenvironmentdirty.Peopleputlotsofrubbishintheland.Farmersusetoomany____4____inthefields.Theydestroythesoil.Sosoilpollutionhasbecomeserious.Noisepollutioncanmakepeople____5____.Forexample,peoplemaylosetheirhearingiftheyworkina____6____placeforalongtime.Toomuchnoisecancausehighbloodpressure____7____.Workingforalongtimeinstrong,changeablelight____8____causesomekindsofillnesses.Itmakespeoplefeel____9____andisespeciallybadfortheeyes.With____10____pollution,ourplanetwillbecomegreenerandourhealthwillbebetter.Let’sbegreenerpeople.1.A.suchas B.forexample C.aswellas D.becauseof2.A.to B.in C.for D.of3.A.breath B.breathe C.breathed D.breathing4.A.chemical B.chemicals C.chemist D.chemistry5.A.blind B.lame C.deaf D.healthy6.A.noise B.noisy C.quiet D.quietly7.A.aswell B.aswellas C.also D.either8.A.must B.need C.should D.may9.A.comfortable B.possibly C.terrible D.terribly10.A.little B.less C.few D.fewer六、阅读表达（10分）22、阅读下面短文，根据要求完成下面各小题。Althoughcarnival(狂欢节)iscelebratedintownsandvillagesthroughoutBrazilandotherCatholic(天主教)countries,RiodeJaneiro(里约热内卢)hasbeenregardedastheCarnivalCapitaloftheWorld.TheRioCarnivalisthebiggestcarnivalintheworld.Itcomesbetweenthemid-FebruaryandthelateFebruaryeveryyear,andoveronemillionforeignvisitorscometoBraziltospendtheRioCarnival.WhentheRioCarnivalcomes,peopledance,sing,partyandhavefun.Therearemanypartiesthattakeplacebefore,duringandafterCarnivalallnightandallday.CarnivalisveryimportanttotheBrazilians.Itsumsup(总结)theirculture.TheRioCarnivalnotonlyprovidesentertainmentformanypeoplearoundtheworldbutalsogivesachancetolearnaboutthecultureofBrazil.TheRioCarnivalistheresultofmonthsofpreparation.Peopleeagerlyexpectthestartofeachyear’sRioCarnival.Itbeginswiththecrowning(加冕典礼)oftheFatKing(KingMomo),whoispresentedwithagiantsilverandgoldkeybythecity’smayor.Thenyoucanfindgroupsofpeopleparade(游行)throughthestreets.Theyhavegreatfunplayingmusicanddancing.AlmostallofthemusicplayedduringRioCarnivalissamba.ItisauniqueBrazilianmusicoriginatingfromRio.1.WhenistheRioCarnival?________________2.HowmanyforeignvisitorscometoBraziltospendtheRioCarnivaleveryyear?________________3.WhyisCarnivalveryimportanttotheBrazilians?________________4.HowlongdopeoplespendpreparingfortheRioCarnival?________________5.Fromthepassage,whatcanyouseeatthestartofeachyear’sRioCarnival?________________七、书面表达（20分）作为学生，合理利用假期对青少年至关重要。请你根据下面图示信息，以“HowtoMakeOurSummerVacationMoreMeaningful”为题，根据写作要求，用英语写一篇短文，向学校校刊的英语专栏投稿。写作要求：1）文中须包含上图提示的所有信息，可适当发挥；2）文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称；3）词数100左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。HowtoMakeOurSummerVacationMoreMeaningfulAsstudents,summervacationisanimportantpartofourdailylife._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、C【解析】【详解】句意：人们已经寻找那个走失的男孩两天了。他的父母很担心。考查时态。根据时间状语“fortwodays”可知，此句应用现在完成时，结构为have/hasdone。故选C。2、B【解析】【详解】句意：昨晚雪下得很大。当你出去的时候最好走慢点。考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；heavily沉重地；quickly快速地；strong强壮的。由“You’dbetterwalkslowlywhenyougooutside”可知，昨晚的雪应下得大，形容雪下得大要用heavily修饰。故选B。3、D【解析】【详解】句意：老师没有注意到我进来，她那是正在黑板上写一些笔记。考查时态。根据“Theteacherdidn’tnoticemecomein.”可知，老师没有注意到我进来，因此表示她在那时正在做某事，因此用过去进行时，故选D。4、B【解析】【详解】句意：——沃尔特，我们晚餐几乎没有蔬菜。你能去买一些吗？——是的，当然。考查代词辨析。any任何，任何一个，用于否定句或疑问句；some一些，用于肯定句或希望能够得到肯定回答的疑问句中；it它；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词。根据题干“Couldyougoandbuy…”和语境，可知句子是希望能够得到肯定回答的委婉语气的一般疑问句，表示要求或请求，结合前文“Walt,wehavefewvegetablesfordinner.”（沃特，我们晚餐几乎没有蔬菜了）可知，需要去买一些蔬菜，因此用some。故选B。5、B【解析】【详解】句意：——你的表弟在哪里？——他已经出国了。他直到下个月才回来。考查动词时态。根据“Hewon’tcomebackuntilnextmonth.”可知，强调已经发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时的结构，排除C和D选项。hasbeen去过某地（现已回来）；hasgone去了某地（还未回来）。根据“Hewon’tcomebackuntilnextmonth”可知，现在还没回来，所以此空应填hasgone，故选B。6、B【解析】【详解】句意：根据法律，你骑电动自行车时必须戴头盔。考查情态动词。can能，表示能力；must必须，表命令；may可以，表允许；could能，can的过去式；根据“Accordingtolaw”可知法律规定必须戴头盔，用must。故选B。7、A【解析】【详解】句意：我过去害怕以一种陌生的方式生活，但现在我喜欢尝试任何新的东西。考查动词短语。beafraidof“害怕”；usedtodo“过去常常做某事”，beusedto(doing)sth.“习惯于（做）某事”。根据“afraidoflivinginastrangeway,butnowIliketotryanythingnew”可知是过去害怕以一种陌生的方式生活，用结构usedtodo。故选A。8、D【解析】【详解】句意：那座老建筑看起来不错。它大约有15米高。考查名词短语。A选项是复合形容词，作定语；BC选项错误；D选项是名词短语，表示15米高。这里是作表语，D选项符合，故选D。9、C【解析】【详解】句意：我父母在天津出差整整一周了。所以这些天我和我叔叔住在一起。考查短语辨析。havebeento曾去过某地；havegoneto已经去了某地；havebeenin待在某地；havebeenaway已经离开某地。根据“SoIlivewithmyunclethesedays”可知，父母现在在天津出差，故排除选项A和D。根据“forawholeweek”可知，此处表示一段时间，不能用瞬间动词，故排除B。故选C。10、A【解析】【详解】试题分析：句意：那个老人单独生活，但是他从来不感到孤独，alone可用作副词，表示“独自地”、“单独地”；lonely则有浓厚的感情色调，指因缺少朋友、同情、友谊时所发生的一种悲伤的和忧郁的感情，意思是“孤独”、“寂寞”，作形容词。结合句意，可知第一个空是副词修饰动词，第二空是做表语，表示孤独，故选A。考点：考查近义词辨析。二、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）11、①.won②.in③.the④.end【解析】【详解】“赢”win；“最后”intheend。根据句意可知用一般过去时，win的过去式won。故填won；in；the；end。12、Whataninterestingfiction【解析】【详解】根据所给标点符号可知，本句是感叹句。分析单词可知，符合结构：What+an+形容词（interesting）+单数可数名词（fiction）。故填Whataninterestingfiction“多么有趣的小说啊”。13、Whoelseisonmyisland【解析】【详解】else修饰疑问词who，置于其后；be动词is；介词短语onmyisland作表语。故填Whoelseisonmyisland“还有谁在我的岛上”。14、(a)chieve【解析】【详解】句意：这些登山者的精神告诉我们，我们永远不应该放弃实现梦想的努力。根据“Thespiritoftheseclimbersshowsusthatweshouldnevergiveuptryingto...ourdreams.”及结合首字母可知，此处指永不放弃实现梦想的努力，achieveone’sdreams“实现某人的梦想”，空前有不定式to，所以空处用动词原形。故填(a)chieve。15、since【解析】【详解】句意：自从我咳嗽得很厉害以后，我已经戒烟了。since“自从”，引导时间状语从句。故填since。三、补全对话（10分）16、1.C2.F3.B4.A5.D【解析】【导语】本文是John和Linda两个人的对话。对话围绕Linda正在阅读的《鲁宾逊漂流记》展开。【1题详解】根据“It’saboutamannamedRobinsonwholivesaloneonanisland.”可知此处应是询问《鲁宾逊漂流记》是关于什么内容的，选项C“这本书是关于什么的”符合语境，故选C。【2题详解】根据“What’sRobinsonlike”可知此处应是回答鲁滨逊是一个什么样的人，选项F“他是足够聪明的，克服了许多困难”符合语境，故选F。【3题详解】根据“Isthestoryinteresting”和“Ican’tstopreadingthebook”可知此处应是与阐述这本书很有意思有关，选项B“我非常喜欢它”符合语境，故选B。【4题详解】根据“Ofcourse!I’llbringittoyouassoonasIfinishit.”可知此处应是John表明想要看这本书，选项A“我能借它吗”符合语境，故选A。【5题详解】根据“Itwon’ttakelong.”可知此处应是表示着急想看这本书，选项D“我迫不及待地想读这本书”符合语境，故选D。四、阅读理解（40分）17、1.A2.B3.C4.C5.D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了Orion帮助他人奉献爱心的故事。【1题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段“Butonethingmakeshimdifferent—heorganizesactivitiesto…kindnesstoothers.”可知，但有一件事让他与众不同——他组织各种活动来……善意。根据下文Orion给医院里生病的孩子买玩具等帮助他人奉献爱心的故事可知，spread意为“传播”。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Heusedthemoneytobuytoys（玩具）forthesickchildreninhospital.”可知，他用这些钱给医院里生病的孩子买玩具。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thereportshowsthatit’salmostimpossibleforpeopleinsomeareastogetanybooks.Itbreaksmyheart”（报告显示，在某些地区，人们几乎不可能买到任何书籍。它伤透了我的心）可知Orion很伤心，故选C。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Oriondidn’tstopthere.Whenhefoundsomepeopledidn’thaveenoughfoodinhisneighborhood,heworkedwithothergroupsandcollected（收集）morethan100.000mealsforthepoorfamilies”可知，当Orion发现他附近有些人没有足够的食物时，他与其他团体合作为贫穷的家庭收集了超过10万份餐食。选项C“他给附近的贫困家庭提供免费餐食。”描述正确。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Orion帮助他人奉献爱心的故事。包括给医院里生病的孩子买玩具、给附近的贫困家庭提供免费餐食和给一些地区的人提供免费的书籍等。所以单词“Kind善良的”可以用于最好地描述Orion。故选D。18、1.C2.A3.B4.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位男士帮助了一位老妇人的故事。故事告诉我们，爱是可以传递下去的。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据“Onedayamansawanoldladystandingbyherexpensivecar,clearlyinneedofhelp.”可推知，故事中的老妇人可能是非常富有的。故选C。【2题详解】词句猜测题。根据“ButBryanwantednomoney.Hewasjustgivingahandtosomeoneintrouble.Thiswasnormalforhim.Hesaid,‘Ifyoureallywanttorepayme,nexttimeyouseesomeoneinneed,helpthemandthinkofme.’”可猜测，划线部分的意思为“帮助”。故选A。【3题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Onthetableshesawasmallnote.”可知，此处it是指上文出现的“thenote”。故选B。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据“Onedayamansawanoldladystandingbyherexpensivecar,clearlyinneedofhelp.”可知，老妇人和男士之间是陌生人；根据“Astheprettywaitresstookherorder,theladynoticedshewasnearlyeightmonthspregnant(怀孕).”可知，老妇人和女服务员之间是陌生人；根据“Bytheway,mynameisBryanAnderson.”和“Thewaitresswassoexcitedthatshecalledherhusbandtotellhimthenews.‘BryanAndersonmydear…you’renotgoingtobelievewhatjusthappened…’”可知，男士和女服务员之间是夫妻。故选C。19、1.C2.C3.B4.C【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了不同动物的交流方式。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Ifsheistreated(对待)inawayshedoesnotlike,hertailgoesstraightupintheair,andshewalksoutoftheroom.”可知，当猫受到她不喜欢的对待方式时，她的尾巴会竖直向上。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Ifsheseesahawk（鹰）,shemakesastrangenoise,andherchickensatoncerunawayandhidethemselves.”可知，当附近有危险时，小鸡会逃跑并躲起来。故选C。【3题详解】篇章结构题。结合全文可知，①提出问题，即动物会说话吗？②③④分别讲了猫、狗、鸡的交流方式。⑤做总结。文章的结构是“总一分-总”形式。故选B。【4题详解】推理判断题。结合全文可知，这篇文章是讲动物的，可能来自报纸的动物世界部分。故选C。20、1.D2.B3.C4.D【解析】【导语】本文作者论述了释放自我提升能力的力量是在一切都变得最糟糕的时候，因此作者认为迎接生活中的变化，才能把它变得更好。享受释放自我提升能力的整个过程时，我们才会意识到我们开始变得轻松快乐。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据“Weseethewarningsignswhenthingsgetdifficult.”可知，第2段主要告诉我们，当事情变得艰难时，我们会看到警告信号。也就是说，我们在经历痛苦时才会吸取了教训。故选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据“Unlockingourself-improvementpowermeansunlockingourselvesoutoftheboxofthoughtthatisjustthewayweare.”可知，释放我们自我提升的力量意味着把我们自己从思维的盒子里解放出来。因此，要解决简的问题，要建议她把自己从思维的盒子里解放出来。故选B。【3题详解】观点态度题。根据“Happypeopledon’tjustacceptchange;theywelcomeit.”可知，快乐的人不仅仅接受改变；他们对此表示欢迎。也就是说，作者认为，如果你欢迎生活中的变化，你会让它变得更好。故选C。【4题详解】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，尤其是“Unlockingourself-improvementpowermeansunlockingourselvesoutoftheboxofthoughtthatisjustthewayweare.Itissuchapoorexcuseforpeoplewhofearchange.”以及最后一句“Andonlywhenweareenjoyingthewholeprocess(过程)ofunlockingoutself-improvementpower,wewillrealizethatwecantakethingslightandbecomehappy.”可知，作者认为享受释放自我提升能力的整个过程时，我们才会意识到我们开始变得轻松快乐，所以适合本文的标题是：是把我们自己从思想的盒子里打开还是留在里面？故选D。五、完形填空（10分）21、1.A2.C3.D4.B5.C6.B7.A8.D9.C10.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了环境污染和环境保护相关的知识。【1题详解】句意：我们周围有很多污染，例如空气污染、土壤污染、噪音污染和光污染。suchas例如，后跟名词或短语；forexample例如，后跟句子；aswellas也；becauseof因为。根据“airpollution,soilpollution,noisepollutionandlightpollution”可知，此处是在举例，且是名词短语，故选A。【2题详解】句意：他们在许多方面对我们的健康有害。to向；in在……里；for对；of……的。根据前文可知，我们周围有很多污染，这些污染应是对我们有害。bebadfor表示“对……有害”，故选C。【3题详解】句意：它会引起眼睛疼痛和呼吸问题。breath气息，名词；breathe呼吸，动词；breathed呼吸，过去式/过去分词；breathing呼吸，现在分词/动名词。空处作定语修饰名词problems，所以用名词，此处指“呼吸问题”，所以用动名词breathing作定语。故选D。【4题详解】句意：农民在田地里使用了太多的化学物质。chemical化学品，单数；chemicals化学物质，复数；chemist化学家，单数；chemistry化学。根据“Theydestroythesoil.Sosoilpollutionhasbecomeserious.”语境可知，农民是使用了化学物质导致了污染，toomany后跟名词复数，故选B。【5题详解】句意：噪音污染会使人失聪。blind瞎的；lame瘸的；deaf聋的；healthy健康的。根据“.Forexample,peoplemaylosetheirhearing”可知，噪音污染可能使人失聪，故选C。【6题详解】句意：例如，如果人们在一个嘈杂的地方工作了很长一段时间，他们可能失去他们的听力。noise噪音；noisy吵闹的；quiet安静的，形容词；quietly安静地，副词。根据“Noisepollution...peoplemaylosetheirhearing”可知，这里是介绍噪音污染的危害，所以应是在嘈杂的环境中工作可能会失聪，空处应填形容词作定语，故选B。【7题详解】句意：太高的噪音也会导致高血压。aswell也，常位于句末；aswellas以及；also也，放在句中；either也，用于否定句，放在句末。根据“Toomuchnoisecancausehighbloodpressure”可知，此处是肯定句，位于句末，所以用aswell。故选A。【8题详解】句意：长时间在强光、易变的光线下工作可能会引起某些疾病。must必须；need需要；should应该；may可能。根据“Workingforalongtimeinstrong,changeablelight”可知，长时间在强光、易变的光线下工作是可能会引起疾病，此处表示推测，故选D。【9题详解】句意：它让人感觉很糟糕，尤其对眼睛不好。comfortable舒服的，形容词；possibly可能地，副词；terrible糟糕的，形容词；terribly糟糕地，副词。根据“feel”可知，feel是感官系动词，后跟形容词；结合“isespeciallybadfortheeyes.”可知，对眼睛不好，所以此处应表示糟糕的，故选C。【10题详解】句意：有了更少的污染，我们的地球将变得更绿色，我们的健康将更好。little几乎没有，修