押上海卷第六大题 完形填空题（试题版）-备战2024年中考英语临考题号押题

押上海卷第六大题完形填空题完形填空不仅考查学生对所学词汇、语法等基础知识的综合运用能力，而且考查学生的阅读能力；不仅考查学生的知识背景，而且考查学生的逻辑推理和篇章结构理解等综合能力。它的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”。由于学生缺乏对完形填空题型的正确了解以及平时的训练方法不当，导致做题时得分率低。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。一：近年中考真题完形填空题型呈现以下特点:文体:说明文(6年3考)、议论文、记叙文为辅;话题:青少年成长(6年3考)、科技发明(2021)、社会现象(2018)、教育引导(2016);词数和段落:词数:250~330个，生词0~2个;段落:以4~6段居多;微技能:语境推断(6年23考)、词汇复现(6年8考)、生活/文化常识(6年3考)、逻辑推理(2021.68,2020.80)二：近年中考真题完形填空题型考点分布情况如下:考查点合计202320222021动词5212名词4211形容词、副词4112动词短语211/介词短语1/1一、完形填空题(2022年真题)Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）（12分）StarWomanWangZhenyi(王贞仪)(1768—1797)HaveyoueverheardofWangZhenyi?Perhapsmostofusdidn’tknowthisgreatnameuntilshewasintroducedinaCCTVprogramme.WangZhenyiwasagreatChinese____61____.ShewasbornintheQingDynasty.Atthattime,girlshadnochancetogetaformaleducation.However,herfatherandgrandfatherwereopen-minded.Theythoughtgirlsshouldshareequalopportunitieswithboys.They____62____hertoreadthebooksintheirhomelibrary.WangZhenyieducatedherselfandreadalotaboutastronomy(thestudyofthestars,planets,etc.),maths,geographyaswellasmedicine.Later,shedecidedto____63____astronomy.Inhertime,manypeopleexpectedthestarstotellwhatwasgoingtohappen.Theythoughtcertaineventsinthesky,suchaslunareclipses(月食)happenedwhengodswereangry.ButWangZhenyithoughtdifferently.Shebelievedinfactsandobservation.Inordertoexplainthose“strange”events,shedidsome____64____.Inone,sheusedaroundtableastheEarth,alampastheSunandamirrorastheMoon.Shemovedthemaroundtoshowwhat____65____happensduringalunareclipse:whentheEarthispassingdirectlybetweentheSunandtheMoon,thesunlightcannotreachtheMoonandtheMoon“disappears”.Throughouthershortlife,WangZhenyiwrotemanyarticlesaboutherresearch.Inherarticles,sheexplaineddifficultideasinclearand____66____wayssothatpeoplecouldunderstandsciencemoreeasily.Shehelpedmakescienceavailabletomorepeople.61.A.doctor B.scientist C.lawyer D.teacher62.A.invited B.selected C.followed D.encouraged63.A.relyon B.showoff C.focuson D.talkabout64.A.exercises B.drawings C.reviews D.experiments65.A.actually B.suddenly C.nearly D.recently66.A.simple B.polite C.funny D.traditional二、完形填空题(2021年真题)Whatdoyouneedforaninventiontobeasuccess?Tobeginwith,goodtimingisvery45.Youcanhaveagoodideawhichthepublicdoesn’twantyet.TakeGiovanniCaselliasanexample.Heinventedthefirstfaxmachineinthe1860s.Thoughthequalitywasexcellent,hisinventionquickly46.Thefaxmachinedidnotbecomeanecessarypieceofequipmentineveryofficeuntilthe1980s.Moneyalsohelps.TheFrenchmanDenisPapinhadtheideaforasteamenginealmostahundredyearsbeforeJamesWattwasborn.Denisneverhadenoughmoneyto47one.Youalsoneedtobepatient.Ittookscientistsnearlyeightyyearstoinventalightbulb.48,youshouldn’tbetooslow.Inthe1870s,ElishaGraydevelopedplansforatelephone.Graysawitonlyas“abeautifultoy”.WhenhefinallysentdetailsofhisinventiontothePatentOffice(专利局)onFebruary14th,1876,itwastoo49.Almostthesamedesignshadarrivedjusttwohoursearlier.TheyoungmanwhosentthemwasAlexanderGrahamBell.Heisrememberedastheinventorofthetelephone.Ofcoursewhatyoureallyneedisawonderfulidea.Ifyouhaven’tgotone,awalkinthecountrysideandacarefullookat50canhelp.TheSwissscientist,GeorgedeMestral,hadtheideaforVelcro(粘扣)whenhefoundhisclothescoveredinstickyseedpodsafterawalkinthecountryside.45．A．interesting B．important C．personal D．satisfying46．A．died B．improved C．spread D．appeared47．A．deliver B．repair C．use D．build48．A．However B．Instead C．Sofar D．Atlast49．A．modern B．difficult C．late D．old50．A．society B．nature C．pictures D．advertisements三、完形填空题(2020年真题)HowtoSucceedinHighSchoolYouhavebeenfamiliarwiththelearningenvironmentinyourmiddleschool,anditfeelslikehome.Soitisnotalwayseasytosay"75"tomiddleschool.Afterenteringhighschool,youmayfacesomenewchallenges.Theschoolworkmaybecomemoredifficultandrequiregreaterskills.Moststudentsneedsupport.Teachersandparentsmaygiveyouahand.However,youcan't76othersallthetime.Whatcanyoudo？Herearesomesuggestions：Understandwhatkindoflearneryouare.Doyouneedsilencetofocus？ThenmakesuretheTVisnotonwhenyouarestudying.Provideyourselfwitha77learningenvironmentathome.Somestudentsfocusbetterinthemorning；othersatnight.Findtheright78sothatyoureffortswillworkwell.Learntobebetterorganized.Itmightbehelpfulwhenyougetusedtomakingato—do—litofallyourschoolwork,andcheckingeachitemoffwhenitiscompleted.Tryto79yourwork.Thiswillcreatesmaller,moremanageabletasksoutofthelargerones.Bigprojectsseemlessdifficultiftheyaredonestepbystep.Formgoodreadinghabits.Readeveryday—themore,thebetter.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatyouread.Readingnewspaperregularlyisagoodchoice.Newspapersprovideplentyofdetailsandbackground.80,informationyougetfromnewspapersisusuallyofficialandtrue.Highschoollifecanbeenjoyable.Oldfriendshipsmightcomeundoneandnewoneswilldevelop.Hopeyouwillfeelconfidentandperformwellinhighschool!75．A．hello B．bye—bye C．sorry D．thanks76．A．carefor B．dependon C．competewith D．worryabout77．A．warm B．clean C．quiet D．safe78．A．time B．place C．habit D．skill79．A．divide B．finish C．remember D．correct80．A．Forexample B．Inbrief C．Onaverage D．Inaddition记叙文解题步骤1.跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意。2.结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案。3.瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破。4.复读全文，逐空验证，弥补疏漏。二、解题方法1.词语搭配法：根据词语的习惯搭配来确定正确答案。2.语法判断法：通过语法分析来选择正确答案。若选项是名词，应根据上下文确定该名词的单复数以及是否用所有格等；若选项是动词，应考虑其时态、语态、搭配及非谓语形式等。3.语境分析法：根据上下文的具体语境，利用所学知识和平时积累的生活常识等，选出最符合情景的选项。4.对比排除法：有时对于一些难选的空，可以试着将各个选项逐一代入空处，然后进行综合比较，从而选出最恰当的答案。三、满分技巧1.了解记叙文的六要素。记叙文，无论是记人还是叙事，都会交代清楚时间、地点、人物、事件、经过和结果，即记叙文的＂六要素＂。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。2.明确作者的写作目的。就事论事一般来说不是作者记叙的目的，作者往往通过叙述阐明一个道理。作者总是为了某个目的，在情节选择和细节描写上作出合理的安排。读者明晰了写作目的，就能抓住文章的主题。3.读懂作者的观点或态度。解题时要认真分析全文，看作者是否一直采用某种态度叙事或描述人。为了增加试题难度，命题人往往采用变化的形式，考生只有在语境的指导下，对文章进行准确地逻辑推断，才能推测出文字之下的深层信息。4.弄清作者叙述的视角。弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的。通常英语记叙文展开记叙的视角有两个：第一人称和第三人称。用第一人称就是从＂参与者＂的角度进行记叙，读者可从字里行间感受到作者的态度和感情。用第三人称就是以＂观察者＂的身份展开叙述，作者的语气客观，与读者保持一定距离，读者的注意力更多地集中在故事本身上。了解作者的写作角度有助于我们抓住作者的思维，深入理解文章的意义，把握好语境。说明文1.快速弄清文章大意。对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。2.弄清楚说明的顺序。把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。3.把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节。把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。4.注重上下文语境应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服＂思维定势＂，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。5.熟练做题方法，遵循四个原则：（1）上下一致。每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。（2）语法正确。从语法的角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。（3）逻辑合理。在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的是不合语境逻辑的。（4）符合搭配。英语中固定搭配很多，需要熟练掌握，才能做好此类题目。完形填空题Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文).TheLabrador(拉布拉多猎犬)haswonthehonorofthemostpopularbreed(品种)forthepasteighteenyears.Ithasbeendescribedasgentle,cleverandfriendly.However,notallLabsarethesame.JohnGrogandiscoveredthisafterheandhiswifeadoptedaLabradorthattheynamedMarley.ThedogcausedMr.Groganalotoftrouble,butitalsoprovidedalotof1forhisnewspaperarticles.Later,hewroteabest-sellingbook,“MarleyandMe:LifeandLovewiththeWorld’s2Dog.”Marleywashappyandfun-loving.Buthewasalsoextremelylargeanddifficulttocontrol.Hebitanythingthathecouldfindaroundthehouse,includingplastic,clothingandjewelry.Andhehadagreatfearofloudnoises,especiallythunderstorms.3,theGroganslivedinFloridawheremanythunderstormsdevelop.Marleywouldattackthefurniture,wallsanddoorsuntilhisfeetbledifhewasleftaloneinthehouseduringathunderstorm.Marleyalmost1theirhomeseveraltimes.JohnGrogansaidthatatfirst,heconsideredthatprobablyhisdogcouldbetrainedtobeashowchampion.Buthesoonrealizedthatwasimpossible.Marleydidn’tliketolearnskillsthatdidn’tbelongtodogs,andthedogtrainingschool4himforcausingtroublesforotherdogs.Hedidn’twanttohidehisemotions.Hewouldshowhisangerandtirednessifhefeltthem.5that,MarleystillhadearnedaplaceintheGrogans’.Hedidn’tknowhowtodance,andhedidn’tknowhowtowalkonitstwolegs,buthewaswhathewas.HewouldneverbeaLassieoraBenjioranoldYellerforhewouldneverliketotakepartinadogshow,buttheGrogansacceptedhimandlovedhimverymuch.2．A．services B．answers C．knowledge D．stories3．A．Cleverest B．Worst C．Bravest D．Ugliest4．A．Importantly B．Surprisingly C．Unfortunately D．Thankfully5．A．damaged B．sold C．eaten D．built6．A．reliedon B．caredfor C．gotridof D．apologizedto7．A．Exceptfor B．Evenif C．Inadditionto D．Becauseof完形填空题It’scommontowondersometimes,“Whatifsomethingturnsoutbadly?”It’simportanttounderstandthatideaandmanageitsothatyoudon’tgetstuckintheworry.Worryingaboutthefutureisa8partoflife.Fromtimetotime,everyonewonderswhatwouldhappenifsomethingdoesn’tgotoplan:“WhatifImakeamistake?”or“Whatifeveryone9me?”These“what-if”worriesfocusonanegativeresult.Whenyouspendalotoftimeworryingaboutbadthingsthatcouldhappen,you’reimaginingthatthefuturecouldbea(n)10.Spendingalotoftimethinkingabout“what-if”makesyoufeelanxious(焦虑的)andworried.Forexample,youmightfeelupsetanditcanmakeithardtofocusonwhatyou’redoing.Therearedifferentwaysyoucanhelpyourself.AngelaMcMillansuggestscreatingan“if/then”plan.Shesays,“Forexample,Ifyouhavetostandupinfrontoftheclass,Thenyouwilltakesomedeepbreathsand11yourselfyouhavepreparedandyou’reOK,orIfthesocialeventisreallynoisyandyoufeeluncomfortable,Thenyoucanstepoutsideforafewminutes.“Youcanalsoaskyourselfhowlikelyitisto12happen.McMillanpointsoutthatmostworriesneverhappen.“Remembertheyarejustthoughtsandthebravestthingwecandoistonotlettheworry13.“shesays.Trytofocusyourattentiononwhatyou’redoing.Gettingangrywithyourselfwillmakeyoufeelworse,sobekindtoyourself.8．A．normal B．dramatic C．pleasant D．simple9．A．dependson B．believesin C．laughsat D．learnsfrom10．A．adventure B．surprise C．goal D．disaster11．A．help B．understand C．judge D．remind12．A．actually B．exactly C．certainly D．immediately13．A．arrive B．win C．end D．think三、完形填空题Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)ShouldpeoplewalkwheretheywantInmostofEngland,walkersarelimitedtofootpaths.Morethan100musicians,actorsandwriterswrotetotheUKgovernment,“Inthebookswewrite,thesongswesing,theartwemake,wecelebratetheimportantconnectionthatwefeelwithnature.Butthatconnectionis14bythefencesthatsurround(围绕)muchofEngland’sland,stoppingpeoplefromwalkingfree.”Althoughin2000,alawwaspassedtoallowpeopletowalkaround8%ofEngland’scountryside.Somepeoplesaythisisn’tgoodenough.Otherspointoutthattherearebusinessesthatneedtokeepthelandprivate.Whatdoyouthink?Shouldpeoplebeallowedtowalkwherevertheylike?YES!—NaturebelongstoeveryoneNowadaysitisimportantforpeopletotakeawalkoutdoors—fortheirmentalandphysicalhealth.Itencouragespeopleandbringsthem15andrelaxation.Yetthisspaceisnotenoughandisnowsurroundedbyfences.Togetclosertonature,mostpeoplehavetotravelformiles.Everyoneshouldbeabletogetclosetonature16.Bluesky,flyingbirdsandgreentree-linedpathsshouldnotbelongtoanyprivateorganizationorperson.Butthetruthisthatsuchasmallnumberofpeopleownsuchhugeamountsofland.AmongeveryeightBritishhouses,onehasnogardens.Thisisn’t17.NO!—ThewalkingpathsareenoughThelandisn’tjustforpeople’senjoymentorhealth.Formanypeople,itmeansfamily’swhole-yearincome.18,farmersneedfieldstokeeptheiranimals,likesheeporbulls,foraliving.Also,itisn’tsafeforwalkerstowalkaroundbecausethelandmayhavemanyhidden19suchaswetlandsandsnakes.Moreover,walkersdonotalwaysshowtheirrespect.Theyleavegatesopen,littereverywhere,scareoffbirdsandstandoverplants.Infact,manypeoplearenotreallylookingforaconnectionwiththewild.Theyjustwantashortwalkwiththenicescenery.Thegovernmentshouldfocusonmakingpathsforwalkersandleavetherestofthelandalone.14．A．rebuilt B．blocked C．linked D．supported15．A．pleasure B．progress C．wisdom D．reference16．A．faithfully B．carefully C．safely D．easily17．A．common B．flexible C．fair D．guilty18．A．Afterall B．Forexample C．What’smore D．Asaresult19．A．memories B．enemies C．secrets D．dangers四、完形填空题Manyteensaren’tgettingenoughsleep.AccordingtoaU.S.survey,morethanoneinfiveteenshavedifficultyfallingasleeporstayingasleep.Here,some20experts(专家)areofferingtipstohelpteensgetabetternight’ssleep.SonalMalhotraSmallchangescanoftenmakeabigdifference.Trychangingonebadsleephabitatatime.Forexample,21havingabigmealclosetobedtimeormakesureyourroomisdarkandcomfortable.It’snotpossibletochangeeverythingallatonce.Ifyoucanchangeonehabitevenseveralnightsaweek,that’sgreat.LisaDamourWehaveplentyofresearchshowinghowdamagingtechnologyistosleep.Noone—childrenoradults—shouldhaveaphoneintheirbedroomatnight.Ifthat’stoohardforyou,youcanstartwithsomeeasierwaysto22thedamageofnighttimescreentime.Passiveuse,likewatchingashow,isbetterthanactiveuse,likegaming.JudithOwensManyofyouliketogetuplate23.Thiscanaffectyourweekdaysleep.OnSundaynight,youhaven’tbeenawakelongenoughtofallasleepattherighttime.You’llthenhavetroublegettingupforschoolonMondaymorning.Thenyourwholesleepschedulejustgetsoutof24.DaveAndersonLikeadults,someteensmayhavealotof25ontheirminds:“Oh,no!Istillhavesomuchworktodo.IfIdon’tgetenoughsleep,I’llfailmytesttomorrow!”Ifyouareoneoftheseteens,trykeepingadiary.Writedownwhatyoudidtodayandwhatyouplantodotomorrow.Youcanalsojustwriteaboutyourworries.Itcanhelpyougetridofthem.20．A．computer B．insurance C．health D．gardening21．A．avoid B．enjoy C．finish D．keep22．A．cause B．compare C．recognize D．reduce23．A．ontime B．onweekends C．atnoon D．atwork24．A．control B．date C．trouble D．work25．A．ambitions B．experiments C．plans D．worries五、完形填空题MrsLi,theEnglishteacher,gavetheclassawritingassignment.“Writesomethinginsomewayrelatedtosummervacation,”shesaid.“Beas26asyoucan.But,”theteacheradded,“makesureyouuseproperspellingandgrammar.”ThatnightJimsatathisdeskathomeand27ablanksheetofpaper.Hedidn’twanttowriteabouthissummervacationasusual.Whatcouldhewriteabout,exceptadog,awaterpark,andtwoweeksofcamp?Boring...He’dactuallybeenhappytogetbacktoschool.Sohewrotewhathewanted.Notanessayatallbutashortstory,sciencefiction.Itwasaboutadistant28thatdidn’thavesummer—itwasspringallthetime.Anditdidn’thavevacationseither.Thealiensworked24hoursaday.Theywishedtheyhadvacations.Thenextmorninghehandedinthestory,butlaterthatnighthe29awakeuntil3a.m.,thinking,“WhydidIdothat?WillMrsLithinkIignoredtheassignment?”Englishwashisfavoriteclass.MaybehewouldbegMrsLiforachancetowriteanotherone,thesortshewanted.Butwhenhegottoclassthefollowingday,itturnedoutthatMrsLihadalreadyreadandgradedtheessays.Theteachersaid,“I’mgoingtopassbackyoursummervacationwriting30.Butbeforethat,I’mafraidI’vegotsomeratherharshwordstosay.Almosteveryoneinclasssimplywroteanessayabouthisorhersummervacation...Almosteveryone.”“Thisisbad,”Jimthought,“I’mgettinganF,Iknowit.”“But,”theteache