押浙江卷第31-33题 阅读理解（应用文或说明文）-备战2024年中考英语临考题号押题（解析版）

押浙江卷第31-33题阅读理解（应用文或说明文）阅读理解是英语能力培养的重点项目，是考试的一个重要题型，分值高、题量大。阅读理解考查的根本是检验学生对有关信息的加工能力。阅读理解能力的重要标志是阅读速度和理解力的正确率。因此，阅读理解要多下功夫。多分析题型，多了解考点，真正做到有的放矢，提高命中率。在阅读理解方面考纲对考生有六大要求，即理解主旨要义、理解文中具体信息、根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义、作出简单判断和推理、理解文章的基本结构、理解作者的意图观点态度。这六个能力要求对应我们常见的六种题型：主旨大意题、细节理解题、词义猜测题、推理判断题、文章结构题和作者观点态度题。（2023·浙江宁波·中考真题）HowcanIhelpyou?Dr.Knowwilltryherbesttohelpwithallyourproblems.DearDoctor,Iamasixteen-year-oldstudentandI’vebeenexperiencinglotsofbackpainandheadacheslately.I’munsureaboutthecause.Likesomeofmyfriends,Ispendmyeveningsplayingcomputergamesandsurfingtheinternet.What’smore,Icarryaheavyschoolbagtoschooldaily.I’mjustanordinarystudent,butthesehealthproblemsarestartingtoworryme.WhatcanIdo?AdamDearAdam,I’munabletotellyouexactlywhat’swrong,butIcanoffersomeadvice.Firstofall,don’tspendtoomuchtimeonyourcomputer,andstopusingitlateatnight.It’simportantforteenagerstogetenoughsleep.Also,yougetheadachesfromlookingatcomputerscreensforalongtime.Ifyousitonachairforlong,itcanmakeyourbacksoretoo.Asforyourschoolbag,it’simportanttomanageitsweight.Takeanythingyoudon’tneedoutofyourschoolbag.Ifpossible,leavesomebooksormaterialsatschool.Ihopemyadviceishelpful.Anyway,Istronglyrecommend（推荐）youvisitalocaldoctorforthat.Dr.Know1．HowdoesAdamprobablyfeelabouthissituation?A．Angry. B．Excited. C．Happy. D．Worried.2．WhichofthefollowingisDr.Know’sadviceforAdam?A．Toseealocaldoctor. B．Toleaveallbooksatschool.C．Totakesomemedicine. D．Tostopusinghiscomputer.3．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythispassageappear?A．ScienceStudy B．SportsNews C．Teenagers’Life D．TravelStories【答案】1．D2．A3．C【导语】本文介绍了两封信的内容：一名学生Adam写给Dr.Know的求助信，以及医生的回信。1．推理判断题。根据“Iamasixteen-year-oldstudentandI’vebeenexperiencinglotsofbackpainandheadacheslately.”和“I’mjustanordinarystudent,butthesehealthproblemsarestartingtoworryme.”可知Adam遇到了很多健康问题，可推知他是很担忧的。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据“Ihopemyadviceishelpful.Anyway,Istronglyrecommend（推荐）youvisitalocaldoctorforthat.”可知Dr.Know建议Adam去看当地的医生。故选A。3．推理判断题。本文介绍了两封信的内容：一名学生Adam写给Dr.Know的求助信，以及医生的回信，应该可以在报纸上的“青少年的生活”板块看到这篇文章。故选C。（2023浙江台州·中考）4USEFULEXPRESSIONSTOIMPROVEYOURSPOKENENGLISHDoyouwanttospeakEnglisheasilyandwell?Inthislesson,we’llhelpyouimproveyourspokenEnglishwithsomereallyusefulexpressions.Forexample,“Tomwentmissingduringtherainstormlastnight,butluckily,hewasfound▲.“Bestofall,Americansusethemalot.Theyarereallyuseful!OK?Let’sstart!BrightandearlyIfyougetup“brightandearly”,yougetupveryearlyinthemorning.Example:IliketogetupbrightandearlyeverydayonholidaysoIcangoforaswimbeforebreakfast.FairandsquareIfsomethingsuchasagameordecisionis“fairandsquare”,it’shonestandfair.Example:IthinkIwonthatgamefairandsquare,eventhoughMarkwouldprobablydisagreewiththat.AliveandwellIfsomeoneis“aliveandwell”,they’refinallysafeafterbeingindanger.Example:I’mpleasedtoreportthatthemissingclimbersareallaliveandwell.FirstandforemostWeuse“firstandforemost”beforewerefertothemostimportantpartofsomething;it’slikesaying“mostimportantly”.Example:Firstandforemost,I’dliketothankeverybodyforalltheirhelp.4．Thepassageismainlytohelp.A．practicesomereadingskills B．understandsomegrammarrulesC．improvesomewritingmethods D．learnsomeusefulexpressions5．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttofillin“▲“inthepassage?A．brightandearly B．fairandsquareC．aliveandwell D．firstandforemost6．Thepassagecanusuallybereadinthepartofinamagazine.A．EnglishCorner B．HealthGarden C．NewsSquare D．SportsWorld【答案】4．D5．C6．A【导语】本文主要介绍了提高英语口语的4个有用表达。4．推理判断题。根据“4USEFULEXPRESSIONSTOIMPROVEYOURSPOKENENGLISH”可知，本文主要介绍了提高英语口语的4个有用表达。故选D。5．词句猜测题。根据“Tomwentmissingduringtherainstormlastnight”和“Ifsomeoneis‘aliveandwell’,they’refinallysafeafterbeingindanger.”可知，Tom昨晚在暴雨中失踪，因此还健康地活着是很幸运的，“aliveandwell”符合句意，故选C。6．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了提高英语口语的4个有用表达，来提高英语口语，因此文章与英语学习有关，故选A。（2023浙江温州·中考）E-wasteElectronicwaste(e-waste)comesfromcomputers,cameras,phones,fridges,TVsandsoon.Howmuche-wastehasbeenproduced?Thereistoomuche-wasteontheearth.Inthepasttenyears,506.5Mtofe-wastehasbeenproduced.Thatisasheavyasabout50,149EiffelTowers.Whatcanwedowithe-waste?E-wasteisharmfultotheenvironment.Repeatthethreewordsinourlife:reduce,reuseandrecycle.Herearesomeexamples.◆Quadloop

◆JunichiKawanishicreatedsolarlanternswithe-waste.

turnedabout79,000tonsofe-wasteintomedals.◆MixedRealityLab

◆AlexLindesignededucationaltoyswith

recycledabout136tonsofbrokencomputersintoonese-wasteforpoorkids.

thatcanbeusedagain.7．In2022,howmuche-wastewasproducedintheworld?A．59.4Mt. B．53.6Mt. C．48.2Mt. D．39.8Mt.8．WhatdidAlexLmdowithe-waste?A．Hemademedals. B．Hecreatedlanterns.C．Hedesignedtoys. D．Herecycledcomputers.9．Inwhichpartofawebsitecanwereadthepage?A．Food. B．Health. C．Travel. D．Environment.【答案】7．A8．D9．D【导语】本文主要介绍了电子垃圾问题很严重，并介绍了如何处理电子垃圾。7．细节理解题。根据图表内容可知，2022年共生产了5940万吨电子垃圾。故选A。8．细节理解题。根据“recycledabout136tonsofbrokencomputers”可知他回收了大约136吨坏电脑。故选D。9．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了电子垃圾问题很严重，并介绍了如何处理电子垃圾，故文章可能出现在环境版面。故选D。（2024·浙江杭州·一模）Kidshavelotsoffunindooractivitiesnowadays.Threeparentsandeducatorsareheretosharehowtheyencouragechildrentospendmoretimeoutsideandconnectwithnature.Togetkidsoffscreen,Iadviseparentsdisconnecttoo.Mystudentshavecometoenjoylookingoutforbirds.Theyalsofindjoyinusingbinoculars(双筒望远镜)forbirdwatching.Oneofmystudentsisnowknownasthelocal12-year-oldbirdwatcherinthecommunity.He’snowabetterbirdwatcherthanIam!Duringafishingtripwith30kidsaged10to16,Ihadtogetcreativetokeepthemactive.So,Icameupwithanidea:Whoevercatchesafishgetsagift.Althoughnoonecaughtafish,thekidslovedit.Nextmonth,we’regoingtohaveaboatracingonanearbyriver.Thekeyistocreateaninterestingspaceandgivekidsareasontojoinin.WhenteachingEnglishasasecondlanguage,Iplannedanoutdoormathlesson:howtofindthesizeofagardenbed(园圃).Butmystudentsdidn’twanttodoitbecauseoftheinsects(昆虫)andthehotweather.Ithensuggestedgrowingsomethingtheycouldeattomakethemmoreinterestedinthegarden.Thisexperiencechangedmymindset(观念)from“I’mtakingthemoutside”to“We’regoingoutsidetogether.”10．WhatactivitydoesSusieadviseparentstogetkidsofftheirscreens?A．Birdwatching. B．Gardening. C．Fishing. D．Hiking.11．HowdidJuankeepkidsactiveonafishingtrip?A．Byplanningaboatracing. B．Byorganizingafishingcontest.C．Bycreatinganopenspaceforplayinggames. D．Bygivingagiftforanyonewhocatchesafish.12．WhydidLinda’sstudentsrefusetheoutdoorclassatfirst?A．Becausetheydidn’tlikemath. B．Becausetheywereafraidofinsects.C．Becausetheythoughtitwastoocoldoutside. D．Becausetheydidn’twanttogettheirclothesdirty.【答案】10．A11．D12．B【导语】本文讲述了当今孩子们总是待在室内，因此介绍了一些适合孩子们的课外活动。10．细节理解题。根据“Togetkidsoffscreen…Mystudentshavecometoenjoylookingoutforbirds.Theyalsofindjoyinusingbinoculars(双筒望远镜)forbirdwatching.”可知，她的建议是培养观鸟的兴趣。故选A。11．细节理解题。根据“So,Icameupwithanidea:Whoevercatchesafishgetsagift.”可知，是通过奖励抓到鱼的人礼物来使得孩子们活跃起来。故选D。12．细节理解题。根据“Butmystudentsdidn’twanttodoitbecauseoftheinsects(昆虫)andthehotweather.”可知，学生们开始不愿意出去，是因为害怕昆虫。故选B。1.主旨大意型考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。此类考查主旨和大意的题大多数针对段落(或短文)的主题，主题思想，标题或目的，其主要提问方式是：1)Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?2)Whichofthefollowingisthispassageabout?3)Inthispassagethewritertriestotellusthat______.4)Thepassagetellsusthat______.5)Thispassagemainlytalksabout_______.6).Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?7).Whatistheauthor’smainpoint?8).Themainpurposeofthepassage?9).Thetitleofthispassagewouldbe____.做这类题，要找准主题句。每段的主题句(常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中和归纳分析)一般都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意。然后根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的；但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。小心“首段陷阱”,不要一看开头就选择答案。1)干扰项可能属文中某个具体事实或细节。2)干扰项可能属从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。3)干扰项可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。2.具体细节型解题原则：忠于原文，联系上下文，理清全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。所以一定要将题干所涉及信息在原文中找到，找出最贴近原话的选项。此类考查事实和细节的题目大多数是针对文章的细节设计的，其主要提问方式是：1)Whichofthefollowingisright?2)Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?3)WhichofthefollowingisNotTrueinthepassage?4)Choosetherightorderofthispassage.5)Fromthispassageweknow________.★特别注意：细节理解题一定要忠实于原文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。主旨大意题注意点：1.要找到文章的关键词。2.范围不能太大，也不能太小。3.主旨在文章开头（如调查或研究结果、新闻报道、议论文）、主旨在文章结尾、主旨在文章第二段或第三段或主旨是需要通读以后对各个部分概括所得。当然概括主旨较难，需要考生能够概括出每段的段落大意。★特别注意：文章的主旨大全面理解文章后归纳概括出来的；不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。3.词义猜测型同义法常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测。反义法如hotandcold，giveandreceive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。总之，词与词间都起着互为线索的作用。释义法对文章中的生词用定语(从句)、表语甚至用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。情景推断法、代词替代法等其主要提问方式是：1)Theword“”inthepassageprobablymeans________.2)Theunderlinedword“It”inthepassagerefersto_______.3)Inthisstorytheunderlinedword“”means________.4)Here“it”means________.5)Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword_____.词义猜测题注意点：1.要求根据阅读材料所提供的信息，结合中学生应有的常识和经验，正确判断生词词组的意义或成熟词在特定语境中表达的具体含义以及一些句子的意思。猜测词义的词一般为实词及其词组，通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、上下文等线索确定词义的具体内容。2.代词复指理解题也是猜测词义的常考类型。用＂逻辑关系梳理法＂＂递向寻踪法＂理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。4.推理判断型透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。以原文内容为前提，据作者的观点理论(非考生观点)，客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。做题要领：既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。此类题目文章中没有明确的答案，需要考生再理解全文的基础上进行推理和判断。其主要提问方式是：1)Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.2)Fromthetextweknowthat______.3)Withwhichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragree？4)Whichofthefollowingmighthappenedlater?5)Thepassageisprobablytakenfroma________.6)Thewritersuggeststhat______.（2024·浙江杭州·一模）Imaginesharingyourbirthdaywiththewholecountry!That’sexactlywhathappenseveryyearinVietnam(越南).TheVietnamesedon’tcelebrateonthedaytheywereborn.Insteadeveryonegetsoneyearolderonthesameday—VietnameseNewYear’sdayor“Tet”:Peopledon’tgivebirthdaypresents,butchildrenreceiveredenvelopeswithmoneyinside.TetisthebiggestcelebrationoftheyearinVietnam—anditcanlastforaweek.BecominganadultisaveryspecialdayforgirlsinSouthAmericaandithappensontheirfifteenthbirthday—theQuinceanera.Insomeplaces,suchaspartsofMexico,thefatheroranotherrelativegivesthegirlherfirstpairofhighheelsasasymbolofbecomingawoman.Thebirthdaygirl,orquinceanera,oftengivesoutfifteencandles,onetoeachofthefifteenmostimportantpeopleinherlife.Thenthereisamealanddancing.Thequinceanera’sfirstdanceisalwayswithherfather.InJapaneveryonehasadayofftocelebratetheworld’sbiggesttwentiethbirthdayparty.ThesecondMondayofJanuaryeveryyearis“ComingofAgeDay”—thedayalltwenty-year-oldJapanesebecomeadults.Menwearsuitsandgirlsdressinbeautifulkimonos(和服).Aceremonyisheldinthelocalgovernmentofficeandafterwardsthenewadultscanpartywiththeirfriendsandfamily.13．Whatis“Tet”accordingtothetext?A．TheNewYear’sdayinVietnam. B．ThebirthdaypresentinVietnam.C．Thedaywhenachildisborn. D．Theredenvelopewithmoneyinside.14．WhichbirthdayisspecialtogirlsinSouthAmerica?A．Thetenth. B．Thefifteenth. C．Theeighteenth. D．Thetwentieth.15．InwhichcountrydopeoplecelebrateComingofAgeDay?A．Vietnam. B．Mexico. C．Japan. D．China.【答案】13．A14．B15．C【导语】本文主要介绍了不同国家的人过的特殊生日。13．细节理解题。根据“VietnameseNewYear’sdayor“‘Tet’”可知Tet是越南的新年。故选A。14．细节理解题。根据“BecominganadultisaveryspecialdayforgirlsinSouthAmericaandithappensontheirfifteenthbirthday—theQuinceanera.”可知对于南美洲的女孩来说，15岁的生日是特殊的。故选B。15．细节理解题。根据“InJapan...ThesecondMondayofJanuaryeveryyearis‘ComingofAgeDay’”可知在日本人们庆祝“成人日”。故选C。（2024·浙江宁波·一模）Lookupatthesky,andyouwillalwaysfindsomeclouds.Scientistshavegroupedcloudsintothreemaintypesandyoucantelleachtypeofcloudsbyitsshapeandbyhowhightheyareinthesky.Thestudyofcloudsisactuallyhelpfultoeveryone.16．ItispossiblethattheCirrusCloudsmayappearattheheightof________feetinthesky.A．4,500 B．6,500 C．15,000 D．25,00017．WhenyouseetheStratusClouds,it’sbestto________.A．picnicinthepark B．readathome C．exerciseoutside D．playonthebeach18．Whatcanwelearnfromthematerial?A．Cloudstudyjustbenefitsfarmersandtravellers. B．Cloudshavealottodowithweather.C．Cloudsaresignsforthechangeofbadweather. D．Cloudsaregroupedjustbytheirshapes.【答案】16．D17．B18．B【导语】本文主要介绍了云的主要类型。16．细节理解题。根据图表可知，卷云出现在20000英尺到45000英尺的高空中，卷云可能出现在25000英尺的高空。故选D。17．细节理解题。根据图表中“Stratus：asignthatlightrainorsnowmayfall”可知，看到层云，可能会下小雨或雪；所以当你看到层云时，最好在家看书。故选B。18．细节理解题。根据图表中“Cirrus：asignthatweathermaychange”以及“Stratus：asignthatlightrainorsnowmayfall”可知，看到不同类型的云，会有不同的天气变化；我们从文章中可以了解到，云与天气有很大关系。故选B。（2024·浙江杭州·一模）19．Whyareplanesusuallywhite?①Damagecanbefoundeasily.

②Whitecanprotectplanesfromsunlight.③Whiteplaneslookclean.

④Whiteplanescanstandoutduringnight.A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④20．Whatcoloristhetigerindeer’seyes?A．Green. B．Orange. C．Blue. D．Black.21．Onwhichofthefollowingwebsitescanwemostprobablyreadthetext?A．/ B．/C．/ D．/【答案】19．B20．A21．B【导语】本文介绍不同的物品有不同颜色的原因。19．细节理解题。根据“First,thiscolorcanprotectplanesfromsunlight.Also,whiteletspeopleseedamageonplanesmoreeasily.Third,whiteplanesareeasiertoseeatnightorduringbadweather.可知，只有“白色的飞机看起来干净”没有提到。故选B。20．细节理解题。根据原文“Orangeisbrighttohumans.Butdeerseethecolorasgreen.”可知鹿看老虎是绿色的。故选A。21．推理判断题。本文介绍不同的物品有不同颜色的原因，故可推知该文章来自一个问为什么的网站。故选B。（23-24九年级下·浙江·期中）Longago,peopledidn’tneedalotofnumbers,butwhensmallvillagesgrewintobigcities,peoplestartedtoneedbiggernumberstocountbagsofcropsandmaketrades.Howdidpeopleinancienttimecountnumbers?PaclficIslandsSomePacificIslandculturescountusingthewholebody.Differentbodypartsstoodforadifferentnumber,andthenameofthatpartalsomeansthatnumber.RomeGreek,Rom