押重庆卷 阅读单选题之应用文（解析版） -备战2024年中考英语临考题号押题

押重庆卷阅读单选题之应用文【题型概述】中考英语阅读应用文，往往涵盖人物、事件、时间、地点、数字等的考查。应用文的类型主要有：广告，规则、通知、咨询问答、注意事项等，指南，书评、问卷调查、告示、参观须知、申请书、个人简介等。因此阅读时，应重点掌握寻读策略，带着问题有针对性地到文中快速寻找答案。细节理解题主要考查对文章(或某一段落)中某特定事实信息的捕捉和理解能力，通常包括直接细节理解题和间接细节理解题。直接细节理解题在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who，what，when，where，why和how等提问。间接细节理解题需要通过有关词语和句子的转换，依靠主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系进行加工或整理后方能得出结论，此类试题在中考试题中占大多数。抓住文章或段落中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其他类型题的基础。【考查内容】1：直接信息题2：间接信息题3：数字计算题4：细节排除题5：文章出处题6：.逻辑推理题【2023年重庆市中考英语真题（A卷）】Doyouloveyogurt?Homemadeyogurttastesdelicious,andmakingyogurtiseasyandfun.Let’shaveatry!21.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofmakingyogurt?A.Difficultandboring. B.Easyandfun.C.Difficultbutfun. D.Easybutboring.22.Whatisthefirststeptomakeyogurt?A.Pourthemilkintoapot. B.Mixthemilkandyogurtstarter.C.Addsomehoneyorfruit. D.Coverthepottokeepitwarm.23.Howlongwillyouwaitbeforetheyogurtisready?A.4hours. B.6hours. C.9hours. D.12hours.【答案】21.B22.A23.C【解析】【导语】本文介绍了酸奶的制作步骤。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“Homemadeyogurttastesdelicious,andmakingyogurtiseasyandfun.”可知作者认为制作酸奶既简单又有趣。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Step1“Pourthemilkintoapot”可知第一步要把牛奶倒进锅里。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Step3“Coverthepottokeepitwarmenough.Waitfor8to10hours.”可知盖上锅盖后等待8到10个小时。C选项“九小时”符合。故选C。【2023年重庆市中考英语真题（B卷）】Withalittletouchofart,simplefruitcanbeturnedintoanicegiftforFather’sDayorasurpriseforyourfamily.DOITYOURSELFWashyourhandsfirst.Cutthegreenappleandkiwis(猕猴桃)withaknife.Getthebananaready.Placeitinthemiddleoftheplate.Coverthebanana’sendwithkiwispiecesastheground.Puttheapplesaroundthebanana’stopasleaves,withtheirgreenskinfacingup.Putthegrapesontoptofitintospacebetweentheapplepiecesandbanana.21.Whatdoyoudofirstbeforecuttingtheappleandkiwis?A.Buyagift. B.Washyourhands.C.Cutthebanana. D.Coverthebanana’send.22.Whataretheleavesmadefrom?A.Apples. B.Bananas. C.Grapes. D.Oranges.23.Wheredoyouputthegrapes?A.Underthebanana’stop. B.Attheendofthebanana.C.Inthemiddleoftheplate. D.Betweentheapplepiecesandbanana.【答案】21.B22.A23.D【解析】【导语】本文教如何将简单的水果加上一点艺术，作为父亲节的好礼物。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“Washyourhandsfirst.”可知，要先洗手，故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“Puttheapplesaroundthebanana’stopasleaves,withtheirgreenskinfacingup.”可知，把苹果围在香蕉的顶部，做成叶子。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“Putthegrapesontoptofitintospacebetweentheapplepiecesandbanana.”可知，把葡萄放在上面，以填充苹果和香蕉之间的空间。故选D。PandasSizeUpto1.9mlongWeightUpto120kilosHomeBambooforestsmainlyinSichuan,ShaanxiandGansuFoodBambooLifespanAbout25yearsFunFactTheyspendatleast12hourseachdayeatingbamboo.Mostoftheresttimeisspentsleeping.NewGuineasingingdogsarefamousfortheirhowl(长嚎),whichsoundslikethesongofawhale.Inagroup,onedogstartssingingandtheothersalljoinin.Theyare30cmto46cmtallandcanbeupto14kilos.Theyliveinfar-awaymountainsorforestsinNewGuinea.Theyliveonbirdsandsmallmammals.Theycanliveupto20years.24.Howlongcanpandasbe?A.1.5m. B.2m. C.2.8m. D.3m.25.Whatdopandaseat?A.Fish. B.Chicken. C.Bamboo. D.Birds.WhichofthefollowingcanbeputintoNo.3andNo.4withthehelpofPandas?NameNewGuineasingingdogs3Upto20yearsHomeFar-awaymountainsorforestsinNewGuineaFunFact4Inagroup,onedogstartssingingandtheothersalljoinin.26.A.Lifespan. B.Size C.Color. D.Weight.27.A.Theycanbeupto14kilos.B.Theyare30cmto46cmtall.C.Theyliveonbirdsandsmallmammals.D.Theirhowlsoundslikethesongofawhale.【答案】24.A25.C26.A27.D【解析】【导语】本文介绍了熊猫和新几内亚歌唱犬的基本信息。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“Upto1.9mlong”可知，熊猫可长达一米九，故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“Bamboo”可知，熊猫吃竹子，故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“Theycanliveupto20years.”可知，新几内亚歌唱犬的寿命是20年，故选A。【27题详解】细节理解题。FunFact介绍的是有趣的事实，根据“NewGuineasingingdogsarefamousfortheirhowl(长嚎),whichsoundslikethesongofawhale.Inagroup,onedogstartssingingandtheothersalljoinin.”可知，新几内亚歌唱犬以它们的嚎叫而闻名，听起来像鲸鱼的歌声。在一群狗中，一只狗开始唱歌，其他狗也跟着唱。故选D。【2022年重庆市中考英语真题（A卷）】Welcometoourschoolfarm!I’mPotatoDrymeinthesunfor2hours.Plantmeabout20cmdeepintheground.UsethesoilinNo.6box.Thebesttemperatureisbetween15℃and20℃.After2or3weeks.Apotatoplantwillriseoutoftheground.Thepotatoplantwillflower.Whentheflowersdie,carefullydigupthepotatoplant.Thenyou’llhaveyourownpotatoes.21.Drymeinthesunfor________.A.2hours B.20hours C.8days D.15days22.Plantme________.A.ontheleaves B.onthemoon C.inthehat D.intheground23.Carefullydigupthepotatoplantwhen________.A.thesoiliswet B.thetemperatureis15℃C.theflowersdie D.youseetheschoolfarm【答案】21.A22.D23.C【解析】【导语】本文以第一人称介绍了种植土豆的过程。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“Drymeinthesunfor2hours.”可知要在阳光下晒2小时。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“Plantmeabout20cmdeepintheground.”可知要把土豆种在地里。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“Whentheflowersdie,carefullydigupthepotatoplant.”可知当土豆的花凋谢时，小心地把它挖出来。故选C。【2022年重庆市中考英语真题（B卷）】OrangutansOrangutansarenaturelovers.Theylikehangingoutinthetree.Theyspend95%oftheirtimeupthereinthetree.Theysleepandeatintheirnests(巢).Thenestsarebigenoughforevena10-year-oldkidtoplayin.PigsPigsmaynotlooksocutewhentheyfindmud(泥)holes.Theylikeplayinginthemud-itisliketheirnaturalplayground.Andwhenitishot,theystayinthemudtocoolthemselves.Theydon’tcarehowdirtytheyget.SeaturtlesSeaturtleeggsarelikeping-pongballs.Afterbabyturtlesbreakoutoftheeggstheygetthemselvesoutofthesandandhurrytoleavethebeachforthesea.Theyswimfor24hoursintheseatostayawayfromdanger.24.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyouprobablyreadthepassages?A.Sports. B.Health. C.Nature. D.News.25.Orangutanslikehangingout________.A.inthetree B.onthebeach C.inthesea D.inthemud26.Onhotdays,pigsliketoplayinthemudto________.A.lookforfood B.leanskills C.fallasleep D.coolthemselves27.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassages?A.Seaturtleshaveeggslikesoccerballs.B.Babyseaturtlesaregoodswimmers.C.Seaturtleslaytheireggsinthesea.D.Babyseaturtlesaresafeonthebeach.【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了3种动物。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，主要介绍了3种动物，因此可以在报纸上“大自然”部分看见；故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“Theylikehangingoutinthetree.”可知，喜欢在树上闲逛；故选A。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“Andwhenitishot,theystayinthemudtocoolthemselves”可知，猪待在泥里是为了凉快。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据“Theyswimfor24hoursintheseatostayawayfromdanger.”可知，小海龟可以游24小时，推出它们是好的游泳者；故选B。【应试技巧】应用文的设问一般按照文章段落的顺序依次设置,设问内容一般以细节题为主,兼有询问出处和写作意图的题目。解答应用文，离不开下面方法。快速定位法：在试题中寻找题干关键的线索词,如名词、动词、形容词或副词等实义词,带着问题和它们去阅读短文,要标明其出处,为迅速、准确地选择正确的答案作好充分准备;选项排除法：根据题干提供的信息，把一眼就能看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围，然后将剩余选项依据原文辨别真伪。数字计算法：对文章中提到的数据进行简单的加减乘除运算，以得出符合题目要求的数据。忠实于原文：该类题源于短文,在解题时要紧扣原文,在短文中找到相应出处,以此为中心展开进行答题。快速浏览法：回答文章出处和写作意图题时，要理解文章的主旨大意。一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心展开的,所以只有通过阅读掌握该短文的主旨大意,才能正确理解短文,进而根据短文的事实、细节推断作者的观点和写作意图。通过寻找短文的主题句，而主题句通常在段首(最常见)、段中、段尾，段道和段尾或隐含在段落中。解答主旨大意题时采用快速浏览法,即可找到主题句或主题线索。 关注长难句：文章的长难句处常会设问题，必须学会拆分理解长难句。关注转折词：文中however,but,instead,rather等表达转折意义的逻辑词，这类词后常命题。关注同义替换：原句重复出现，一般都是干扰项，正确选项一般都是有改动的。（23-24九年级下·重庆梁平·期中）KnowingtheCitybyWalkingFromJuly2022toJuly2023,citywalkersinChinatogethercoveredover320,000kilometers.That’slikecirclingtheearth8times.TopfivepopularcitiesinChinaforcitywalking1st:Shanghai

2nd:Beijing

3rd:Xiamen

4th:Qingdao5th:GuiyangAgesofthecitywalkersUnder16:15%

Threemainreasonsforcitywalking16-18:

2%

·Toreducestress.19-28:

50%

·Toknowacitybetter.29-33:

29%

·Tohaveacheaperwaytotravel.Over33:

4%1．Whichisthemostpopularcityforcitywalking?A．Beijing. B．Shanghai C．Guiyang D．Xiamen2．Whatisoneofthemainreasonsforcitywalking?A．Tocircletheearth. B．Tomakemoremoney.C．Tobecomepopular. D．Toknowacitybetter.3．Whichagegroupmakesuphalfofthecitywalkers?A．16-18. B．19-28. C．29-33. D．34-50.【答案】1．B2．D3．B【导语】本文主要介绍了中国五大最受欢迎的适合城市漫步的城市以及漫步的人群构成和漫步的理由。1．细节理解题。根据“1st:Shanghai”可知，上海是最受欢迎的。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据“Threemainreasonsforcitywalking”以及“Toknowacitybetter.”可知，在城市漫步的理由之一是为了更好地了解这个城市。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据“Agesofthecitywalkers”对应的“19-28:50%”可知，城市漫步者中有一半是19到28岁人群。故选B。（2024·重庆沙坪坝·一模）Cadets(新兵)areyoungpeople,likeyou,whousuallymeetonceaweekafterschoolattheirarmyunitoratweekends.Ifyoujointhecadetprogram,you’lllearnbasicskillssuchasbushsurvival,firstaidandnavigationbydayandbynight.AbseilingandRopeactivitiesOvercomeyourfearofheightsbytakingpartinropeactivities.You’llwearaharness(保护带)andahelmettoprotectyourbodyandhead,andyou’llloweryourselffromahighpointtotheground.FirstaidFirstaidisanimportantskilltolearn.Youwillbeabletomanageandorganizefirstaidonwaterorinthebush.Youwilllearntodresswounds.Inconclusion,youwilllearnhowtodealwithmedicalemergencies.NavigationLearnhowtofindtherightwaybyusingamapandacompass.Startwithe-learningandclassroominstruction.Thenputwhatyouhavelearnedintopracticeduringdayandnighttripsforexploration.4．Howoftendothecadetsmeetafterschooltolearnbasicskills?A．Onceaweek. B．Twiceaweek.C．Threetimesaweek. D．Fourtimesaweek.5．Whichpictureshowsabseilingandropeactivities?A． B． C． D．6．IfSamwantstofindwaysaroundeasilywhengoingout,whichtrainingprogramsuitshim?A．AbseilingandRopeactivities. B．FirstAid.C．Navigation. D．Alloftheabove.【答案】4．A5．D6．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几则军校学员计划项目。4．细节理解题。根据“Cadets(新兵)areyoungpeople,likeyou,whousuallymeetonceaweekafterschoolattheirarmyunitoratweekends.”可知，军校学员通常每周学习一次基本技能。故选A。5．细节理解题。根据表格“You’llwearaharness(保护带)andahelmettoprotectyourbodyandhead,andyou’llloweryourselffromahighpointtotheground.”可知在“AbseilingandRopeactivities”中，你会戴上安全带和头盔，并从高处下降到地面；D选项的图片相符。故选D。6．推理判断题。根据表格Navigation内容可知，“导航”项目教如何使用地图和指南针导航；从电子学习和课堂教学开始，把所学到的知识付诸实践；由此推知如果Sam想在外出时想轻松找到方向，可参加Navigation“导航”项目。故选C。（23-24九年级下·重庆开州·阶段练习）From:vincentlee@126.comTo:Cindy;Martin;Neil;Walt;ElliotDate:May25thSubject:YouAreInvited!Hello,Sandra’sdearestfriends,June2ndisSandra’s25thbirthday.Sandrahasbeenourbestfriendforalongtime.Forthiswonderfulfriend,Iplantohaveadifferentpartytocelebrateherspecialday.WeallknowthatSandraisabigfanofDetective(侦探)Conan,sothepartyisnamedWhoTookAwaytheRing.Everyonethatiscomingtothepartywillbegivenaroleandtherole’sscript(剧本).So,ifyoudecidetojoinus,youwillhavetoprepareacostumeforyourrole.Forexample,ifyouplayawaitress,you’llhavetodressupasawaitresstothepartyandthentalktotheotherpeopleplayingrolesaccordingtothescript.Duringtheparty,you’lljoinusinfindingoutwhotookawaythequeen’sring.ThepartywillbeheldatJadeHotelat7p.m.onJune2nd.Lotsofdeliciousfoodsanddrinkswillbeprepared,sothere’snoneedtoworryaboutgettinghungryorthirsty.Pleasetellusifyou’dliketojointhepartybeforetheendofthismonth.BestwishesVincentLee7．Cindyis________.A．Sandra’sfriend B．Sandra’ssister C．awaitress D．adetective8．IfMartindecidestogototheparty,heneedsto________.A．actattheparty B．decorateapartyroom C．bringsomefood D．invitemorefriends9．Thepartywillbeheld________.A．onMay25th B．inJune C．at7a.m.June2nd D．attheendofthismonth【答案】7．A8．A9．B【导语】本文是一封电子邮件，是一封邀请函，邀请Sandra的朋友们来参加她的生日聚会，介绍了聚会的时间、地点及活动内容。7．细节理解题。根据“To:Cindy;Martin;Neil;Walt;Elliot”和“Hello,Sandra’sdearestfriends”可知，Cindy是Sandra的好朋友。故选A。8．细节理解题。根据“Everyonethatiscomingtothepartywillbegivenaroleandtherole’sscript.”可知，如果马丁决定去参加聚会，他需要在派对上表演。故选A。9．细节理解题。根据“ThepartywillbeheldatJadeHotelat7p.m.onJune2nd.”可知这场聚会将在6月2日晚上7点举行。故选B。（23-24九年级下·重庆沙坪坝·阶段练习）DogParkRulesRulesForPeople◆

Ownershavetotakegoodcareofyourowndog(s).◆

Dogwastebagsarefreeatthegateofeachyard.◆

Ownershavetocleanthedogwaste.◆

Ownersmustwatchtheirdog(s)withleashes(皮带)readyallthetime.Eachpersoncantakeonetothreedogseveryvisit.◆

Ownersunder13yearsoldmustcomewithanadult.RulesForDogs●Dogsoutsidethedogparkmustwearleashesallthetime.Leashescanbeoffinsidethedogpark.◆

Aggressive(具有攻击性的)dogscan’tstayinthedogpark.◆

Sickdogsordogsunder4monthscan’tbeinthedogpark.◆

Dogswillhavetoleavetheparkiftheyaretoonoisy.◆

Dogswithoutownerscan’tplayinthedogpark.10．Wherecandogownersgetwastebagsforfree?A．Atthehospital. B．Fromtheshop.C．Attheyardgate. D．Outsidethepark.11．HowmanydogscanAndy’smothertakeatmostintothedogparkeveryvisit?A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.12．Whichofthefollowingisallowedtoplayatthedogpark?A．Asickdog. B．Anaggressivedog.C．Adogwithoutanowner. D．Afive-month-oldhealthydog.【答案】10．C11．A12．D【导语】本文主要介绍了狗公园的规则。10．细节理解题。根据“Dogwastebagsarefreeatthegateofeachyard.”可知，在院子门口可以免费得到垃圾袋，故选C。11．细节理解题。根据“Eachpersoncantakeonetothreedogseveryvisit.”可知，每人每次最多带三只狗。Andy的妈妈是一个人，所以最多一次带3只狗。故选A。12．细节理解题。根据“RulesForDogs”中“Aggressivedogscan’t...Dogswithoutownerscan’tplayinthedogpark.”的规则可知，生病的狗狗，有攻击性的狗狗，4个月以下的狗狗，没有主人带领的狗狗都不可以进入狗狗公园。因此只有D选项中5个月大的健康狗狗可以进入。故选D。（23-24九年级下·重庆江津·阶段练习）NASAislookingforfunnyastronauts.ItwantstosendastronautstoMarsin2030.Thefunnyastronautswillbepartoftheteam.MarsAstronautsWantedYoumustbe:●smart●abletostaycoolallthetime●abletotellstoriesandjokesYoumusthave:●acrazyhairstyle●bigshoes●abigrednoseWhydoesitwantfunnyastronauts?FlyingtoMarsisalongtrip.It’sachallengeforastronauts.Theyhavetostayinaspaceshipforabouttwoyears.Sotheteamneedssomeastronautswithasenseofhumor.Theycanhelpeveryonegetalongwitheachother.Theycanalsomakethetripenjoyable.Beingfunnyisnotenough.However,theastronautshavetobemorethanjustfunny.Theyalsoneedtobeexcellentscientistsandbeabletofinishhardtraining.13．Whatshouldtheastronautswantedbelike?A．Strictandsmart. B．Cleverandcool.C．Crazyandoutgoing. D．Funnyandquiet.14．WhatdoesNASAwanttheseastronautstodo?A．Toteachscientistshowtotelljokes. B．Totrainthescientists.C．Tomakethetriphard. D．TobringfuntothetriptoMars.15．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Funnyastronautsshouldalsoknowscience.B．ThetriptoMarsisforaboutoneyear.C．Alltheastronautsdon’tneedtraining.D．TheseastronautswillgettoMarsin2033.16．Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwereadthepassage?A．Health. B．Sports.C．Education. D．Science.【答案】13．B14．D15．A16．D【导语】本文是一篇有关美国国家航空航天局招聘有趣宇航员的广告。13．细节理解题。根据“Youmustbe:●smart●abletostaycoolallthetime”可知，招聘的宇航员必须聪明、冷静。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据“Sotheteamneedssomeastronautswithasenseofhumor.”和“Theycanalsomakethetripenjoyable.”可知，美国国家航空航天局希望这些宇航员能够给火星之旅带来乐趣。故选D。15．推理判断题。根据“However,theastronautshavetobemorethanjustfunny.Theyalsoneedtobeexcellentscientistsandbeabletofinishhardtraining.”可知，宇航员不仅要有趣，也得是优秀的科学家，即也要懂科学，A项表述正确。故选A。16．推理判断题。本文是有关美国国家航空航天局招聘有趣宇航员的广告，由此可推断，本文出自报纸的科学版面。故选D。（23-24九年级下·重庆沙坪坝·阶段练习）Howtotellbadeggsfromgoodeggs?Wecanuseeggstocooklotsofdeliciousdishes.Theycanbecookedinmanyways.However,itwouldbedangeroustoeatbadeggs.Theycanmakeyousick.It’simportantforustolearnhowtofindbadeggs.Herearetwoways.Smell.Badeggshaveaterriblesmell.Ifyoubeattheeggintothebowlandfindit’ssmelly,justthrowitaway.Doafloat(漂浮)test:Fillaglasswithwaterandplacetheeggsinit.·Ifitliesatthebottom,youcanenjoyaveryfreshegg.·Ifitstandsatthebottom,youcanhaveanoldbutsafeeggtoeat.·Ifitfloatsinthewater,youcanstilleattheeggifyoudon’tmindthetaste.·Ifitfloatsonthewater,throwtheeggaway.Ithasgonebad!33．Wecanlearn________waystofindbadeggsinthispassage.A．two B．three C．five D．six34．Youcan’teattheeggif_________.A．itliesatthebottom B．itstandsatthebottomC．itfloatsinthewater D．itfloatsonthewater35．Thispassageisprobablyfroma_________.A．dictionary B．magazine C．notice D．menu【答案】33．A34．D35．B【导语】本文主要介绍了区分好鸡蛋和坏鸡蛋的方法。33．细节理解题。根据“It’simportantforustolearnhowtofindbadeggs.Herearetwoways.”可知，文中介绍了两种找到坏鸡蛋的方法。故选A。34．细节理解题。根据“Ifitfloatsonthewater,throwtheeggaway.Ithasgonebad!”可知，如果鸡蛋浮在水面上，就说明它变质了，所以不能吃这种鸡蛋。故选D。35．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了区分好鸡蛋和坏鸡蛋的方法，是一篇科普文，所以有可能来自一本杂志。故选B。（23-24九年级下·重庆渝中·阶段练习）.Teens’SleepSurvey9—10hours’sleepiswhatmostteensneedanight.However,thestudyshowsasfollows.60%ofteenssleepforabout7hoursatnight.21%ofteensfinditdifficulttofallasleep.56%ofteensfeeltiredsometimeswhile24%feeltiredallthetime.Tipsongettingtosleep★Exerciseduringtheday.★Avoidcoffeebeforebedtime.★Writedownyourworriesandfears.★Stayawayfromelectronicproducts.★Ifyoudon’tfallasleepwithinabout20minutes,dosomethingrelaxing.Readorlistentosoftmusic.Gobacktobedwhenyou’retired.36．Whatprobablycauses