高考英语全程一轮复习课时作业25Unit1Honestyandresponsibility牛津译林版选择性

Unit1HonestyandresponsibilityⅠ.阅读理解A[2022·成都市高三摸底测试]Withageingpopulationgettingbiggeranddementia(痴呆)morecommon,morefamiliesarestrugglingwithacomplexquestion:Howdoyousupportalovedonewithdementia,especiallywhenyouhaveafull­timejobandseveralkids?RegUrbanowskimayhaveananswertothispressingissue:ROBOTS.HeandhisteammanagedtodevelopanewtypeofrobotsnamedTProbots.Lookinglikestand­upvacuumcleanersattachedtoatabletcomputer,theycanbeactivatedremotelyviaasmartphoneandguidedremotelybyacontrollerappsimilartothewayamouseisusedonadesktopcomputer.Allpossessaudioandvisualcommunicationcapabilities,allowingtheoperatortobe“intheroom”tointeractwithMomorDad.HebelievesthatcaregiversandfamilymemberscanuseaTProbotto“lookin”onpeoplewithmilddementia.Hesays,“TProbotsprovideaneffectivesolutionforminimizingcaregivers'burden,especiallyforthosewhohavecareersorotherout­of­homeactivities.”UrbanowskiandhisteamhaveconductedastudythatinvolvesprovidingTProbotsfor15Manitobafamilies.Theserobotsareprogrammedtoprovidereminderswithnecessarydailyroutineliketurningoffthegas,takingmedicineandhavingdinner.Theywillalsohelpensurepatientsaregettingtheexercisetheyneedtomaintaintheirhealthandwell­being.ErinCrawford,ProgramDirectorfromtheAlzheimerSocietyofManitoba,saysshehasfaiththatTProbotswillprovetobebeneficial,particularlywhenitcomestoremindingpeoplewithdementiatodocertainthingsatcertaintimes.“Itmeansthatfamilymembersthatcan'tbethere,forwhateverreason,knowthatthosethingsarestillhappening，”shesays.1．WhatcanweinferaboutTProbotsfromParagraph3?A．It'seasytooperate.B．Itcancleantheroom.C．It'sconvenienttocarry.D．Itcanbeusedonacomputer.2．HowwillTProbotshelpthosewithdementia?A．Byhavingdinnerwiththem.B．Byturningoffthegasforthem.C．Bydoingactivitieswiththem.D．Byremindingthemtotakepills.3．What'sErinCrawford'sattitudetothefutureofTProbots?A．Optimistic.B．Cautious.C．Doubtful.D．Critical.4．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．TProbotsprovideanewsolutiontodementia.B．TProbotshelptotakecareofdementiapatients.C．CaregiversofdementiawillbereplacedbyTProbots.D．Urbanowskiandhisteamaredevelopinganewrobot.B[2022·南昌市第三次模拟]Theteam,ledbyMichaelT．Tolley,aprofessorofmechanicalengineeringattheJacobsSchoolofEngineeringatUCSanDiego,detailsitsfindingsintheFeb.17,2021issueofthejournalScienceRobotics.“Thisworkrepresentsafundamentalyetsignificantsteptowardsfully­autonomous,electronics­freewalkingrobots，”saidDylanDrotman,aPhDstudentinTolley'sresearchgroupandthepaper'sfirstauthor.Applicationsincludelow­costrobotsforentertainment,suchastoys,androbotsthatcanoperateinenvironmentswhereelectronicscannotfunction,suchasMRImachines.Softrobotsareofparticularinterestbecausetheyeasilyadapttotheirenvironmentandoperatesafelynearhumans.Mostsoftrobotsarepoweredbyairandarecontrolledbyelectroniccircuits.Butthisapproachrequirescomplexcomponentslikecircuitboards,valves(阀门)andpumps—oftenoutsidetherobot'sbody.Thesecomponents,whichmakeuptherobot'sbrainandnervoussystem,aretypicallylargeandexpensive.Bycontrast,theUCSanDiegorobotiscontrolledbyalightweight,low­costsystemofair­poweredcircuits,madeupoftubesandsoftvalves,onboardtherobotitself.Therobotcanwalkoncommandorinresponsetosignalsitsensesfromtheenvironment.“Withourapproach,youcouldmakeaverycomplexroboticbrain，”saidTolley,thestudy'sseniorauthor.“Ourfocusherewastomakethesimplestair­powerednervoussystemneededtocontrolwalking.”Inthefuture,researcherswanttoimprovetherobot'swaystowalksoitcanwalkonnaturalfieldsandunevensurfaces.Thiswouldallowtherobottonavigateoveravarietyofobstacles(障碍).Thiswouldrequireamorecomplicatednetworkofsensorsandasaresultamorecomplexair­poweredsystem.Theteamwillalsolookathowthetechnologycouldbeusedtocreaterobots,whichareinpartcontrolledbyair­poweredcircuitsforsomefunctions,suchaswalking.5．Whatistheachievementoftheteam'sstudy?A．Theirrobotscanwalkahugestep.B．Theirrobotsworkfollowingcommands.C．Theirstudygetstheirelectronicsforfree.D．Theyfindanewtechniqueinwalkingrobots.6．Whatcantheteam'srobotsbeappliedtofromthepassage?A．Toycompanies'products.B．Environmentalprotection.C．Humansafety.D．Factorieswithoutworkers.7．Whatwilltheresearchersprobablydo?A．Changethewayofpower.B．Helprobotswalkashumans.C．Improverobotstoavoidobstacles.D．Buildanetworktocontrolrobots.8．Whatisthepassagemainlytalkingabout?A．Theintroductiontoelectronics­freewalkingrobots.B．Thefunctionsofnewly­developedrobots.C．Theapplicationsofsoftwalkingrobots.D．Thewaystoimprovetraditionalrobots.Ⅱ.完形填空[2022·潍坊市高考模拟考试]Itwasasmallgraduationparty.OnlyEd,Max,RaulandIwerethere.Allthreemen,eachovertheageoffifty,hadachieveda__1__intheirlives.Theycould__2__.Overcomingdecadesof__3__andalifetimeofcoveringuptheirilliteracy,thesethreemenhadsignedupforafreethree­monthcourse,taughtbyme.“Itakethebuseverydaytowork，”saidEd.“Ihavedonethisforoverthirtyyears.JustyesterdayI__4__whatthewords‘EmergencyExit’mean.”Maxreportedthathewas__5__tounderstandmuchofMonday'snewspapersportsarticleonhisbelovedDallasCowboys.__6__，hisbreaktimewasspent__7__toreadinthehopethathisco­workerswouldneverdiscoverhisshamefulsecret.Asourfinalnightcametoaclose,Raultookmyhandbetweenhisroughones,“Yougavemea__8__.Yougavemeanewlife.”Beingsoyoung,Ididnotgraspthefull__9__ofhissimplestatementuntilmyowngrayhairsappearedanda(n)__10__downturnrobbedmeofmyworkandincomesecurity.NowI'mthe__11__ofmyformerpupilsandmyfutureneedsa__12__button.Irealizethatlimitingmydestiny(命运)becauseofmyageormylackofskillsis__13__.AfuturewithmanywonderfulopportunitiescouldbelongtomeaslongasIhavethecourageto__14__itoutandworkforit.LikeEd,MaxandRaul,Iamdeterminedtomakeanewlifeformyself.They__15__mewell.1．A.firstB．medalC．careerD．prize2．A.workB．surviveC．readD．drive3．owB．depressionC．threatD．embarrassment4．A.heardaboutB．lookedthroughC．putforwardD．figuredout5．A.likelyB．ableC．cautiousD．eager6．A.UltimatelyB．LatelyC．PreviouslyD．Gradually7．A.learningB．continuingC．managingD．pretending8．A.futureB．choiceC．breakD．lesson9．A.purposeB．wisdomC．commentD．background10．A.educationalB．scientificC．physicalD．economic11．A.ageB．exampleC．imageD．guide12．A.newB．restartC．specialD．play13．A.crucialB．reasonableC．foolishD．annoying14．A.seekB．letC．bringD．carry15．A.trainedB．taughtC．clonedD．controlledⅢ.应用文写作[2022·普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟]假定你是李华，准备参加学校组织的英文诗朗诵比赛。请给外教George写封邮件求助，内容包括：1．说明比赛要求；2．请他推荐英文诗；3．请教朗诵技巧。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式作答。DearGeorge，I'mwritingtoaskforyourhelp.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua课时作业(二十五)Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——科技与生活——TP机器人【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了为了应对老年痴呆患者增多且上班族无暇照顾的情况，RegUrbanowski和他的团队设计出了TP机器人来帮助缓解这一问题。1．答案与解析：A考查推断的能力。根据第三段中的“theycanbeactivated...onadesktopcomputer”可推知，TP机器人操作简单。故A项正确。2．答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第五段中的“Theserobotsare...andhavingdinner.”可知，TP机器人可以提醒患有老年痴呆的老年人吃药，注意句中关键词“reminders”，只是提醒，并不能实际去做这些事情。故D项正确。3．答案与解析：A考查理解观点、态度的能力。根据最后一段中的“ErinCrawford...willprovetobebeneficial”可知，ErinCrawford对TP机器人持乐观态度。故A项正确。4．答案与解析：B考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。本文主要讲述了RegUrbanowski和他的团队为了应对老年痴呆患者增多且上班族无暇照顾的情况，专门设计出了TP机器人，来帮助照顾老年痴呆患者。故B项适合作本文的标题。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术——行走机器人新技术及其应用【语篇解读】加州大学圣地亚哥分校研发的机器人由一个重量轻、成本低的空气动力电路系统控制，可应用在多种操作环境中，如玩具、核磁共振成像机器等。本文重点介绍了有关该机器人的研究发现的内容。5．答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“detailsitsfindingsintheFeb.17,2021issue”和第二段中的“‘Thisworkrepresentsafundamental...electronics­freewalkingrobots’”可知，研究小组发现了行走机器人的新技术，该技术代表了行走机器人迈向全自动、无电子行走的重要一步。故D项正确。6．答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段第一句中的“Applicationsincludelow­costrobotsforentertainment,suchastoys”可知，该技术可以用于低成本的娱乐机器人，如玩具等。据此可知，该技术可以用于玩具公司的产品。故A项正确。7．答案与解析：C考查推断的能力。根据尾段前两句“Inthefuture...walkonnaturalfieldsandunevensurfaces...obstacles(障碍)”可知，研究人员希望将来改进机器人的行走方式，以使其能够在自然场地和凹凸不平的表面上行走，这会让机器人翻越障碍物。据此可以推知，未来研究人员将改进机器人以避免撞到障碍物。故C项正确。8．答案与解析：A考查理解主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知，文章第二段阐述了全文的主旨。结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了行走机器人的新技术及其应用。故A项正确。Ⅱ.完形填空语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会——学无止境——学习新的技能开创新的生活【语篇解读】“我”在年轻时曾经教会了三个年过50岁的人识字，其中一人还说“我”给予了他新的生活，在当时“我”还不能完全理解其中的含义。但是在“我”到了他们那个年纪时，“我”由于经济衰退失去了工作和收入保障，也就是那时“我”才明白，只要有勇气去开创新的生活，蕴含无数机会的未来就会属于“我”，“我”不应该被年龄因素或缺乏技能所局限。考点分布：动词(短语)5个，形容词4个，名词5个，副词1个。1．答案与解析：A考查语境推断。根据第一段第一句可知，这三个上了年纪的男性向“我”学习认字阅读，实现了人生中最重要的成就。因此选A。first“空前的成就，前所未有的事情”。2．答案与解析：C考查逻辑推断。根据下文中的“coveringuptheirilliteracy”可推知，他们是学习阅读。因此选C。3．答案与解析：D考查语境推断。根据第四段中的“inthehopethathisco­workerswouldneverdiscoverhisshamefulsecret.”可知，他们认为不认字很羞愧、很尴尬。因此选D。4．答案与解析：D考查语境推断。根据上文可知，他每天坐公交车，但是识字之后才弄清楚“EmergencyExit”的意思。因此选D。5．答案与解析：B考查语境推断。根据语境可知，三个男人在“我”这报班学习识字阅读，现在能够读懂报纸了。因此选B。6．答案与解析：C考查语境推断。根据第三段他们在谈论识字阅读后的变化可知，以前Max休息的时候都是假装阅读报纸，希望他的同事不会发现他令人羞愧的秘密。因此选C。7．答案与解析：D考查语境推断。参见上题解析。8．答案与解析：A考查逻辑推断。根据空后“‘Yougavemeanewlife.’”可知，“我”教他阅读，给了他新生活的可能，给了他一个未来。因此选A。9．答案与解析：B考查语境推断。根据语境可知，此处意为“我并没有理解他那句简单的话的全部智慧”。因此选B。10．答案与解析：D考查语境推断。根据空后“robbedmeofmyworkandincomesecurity”可知，此处是经济不景气。因此选D。11．答案与解析：A考查逻辑推断和语境推断。根据上文中的“myowngrayhairsappeared”可知，“我”到了那三个男性的年纪了。因此选A。12．答案与解析：B考查逻辑推断。根据上文叙述“我失去工作和收入保障”可推知，此处意为“我的未来需要按下重启键”。因此选B。13．答案与解析：C考查逻辑推断。根据上文叙述可知，“我”认识到之前的想法是愚蠢的。因此选C。14．答案与解析：A考查语境推断。根据语境可知，此处意为“一个充满绝妙机遇的未来是属于我的，只要我