高考英语必修4一轮复习第一部分教材课文要点Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNaturalWorld夯基提能作业

Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNaturalWorldⅠ.阅读理解阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。Measles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).Butthediseaseismakingaeback,causedbyagrowingantivaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,paredwith189foralloflastyear.Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”,whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn’twork.Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.That’sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17yearoldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(决定不参加)ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption(豁免),sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine.Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonalopinions?Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelifesavingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey’llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.1.Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat.

A.asmallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrendB.theoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattentionC.theantivaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasonsD.informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly2.Herdimmunityworkswellwhen.

A.exemptionsareallowedB.severalvaccinesareusedtogetherC.thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedinD.newregulationsareaddedtothestatelaws3.Whatisthemainreasonfortheebackofmeasles?A.Theoveruseofvaccine.B.Thelackofmedicalcare.C.Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself.D.Thevaccineoptoutsofsomepeople.4.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroducetheideaofexemption.B.Todiscussmethodstocuremeasles.C.Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination.D.Toappealforequalrightsinmedicaltreatment.Ⅱ.完形填空阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2017河南郑州二模)IhadjuststartedmysecondyearstudyingatCambridgeUniversitywhenIwasfacedwiththenewsIhadneverexpected.Alumpinmyneck1outtobecancer.Iwould2sixmonthsofchemotherapy(化疗).

Aftertheshock,Iwasstruckbythisthought:my3didn’thaveanyroomforcancer.IhadsomuchIwantedto4andsomanygoalsIwantedtochase.

Iwasfacedwiththe5jobtotellmyfriendsandfamily.Then,Ihadtodecidewhetherto6inCambridgeandtakefiveexamsattheendoftheyear.Mydoctor7againstit,andsodidmyparentsandteachers.

Mydoctorandteachersconvincedmethattakingsometimeoffto8andrelaxwouldbethebestthingforme.Icouldnotthinkofanything9.Ididnotwantto10ayearofmylife,receivingpityfromthosearoundme.Togetherwithmyparents,Itriedtopersuadetheuniversityto11metostayatCambridgeandstudyonlyhalfthecourse.AttheendoftheyearIwouldtaketwoexams.Itwasreallya12topersuadethemtoagree.

TreatmentbeganandIwasupanddownfromCambridgetoLondoneveryotherweek.Itmademefeel13,buttoamuchlesserdegreethanIhadexpected.Iwas14toread,eatandsocializeexactlyasIusedto.Isleptalotandrestedalot,butIalsoworkedhardatmystudies.Itgavemefocus,anditalsogavemepurpose.pletingmy15attheendofthetermfeltlikeagreatpersonalvictory.

Itooka16tocontinuestudyingwhileundergoingtreatment,andit17.Iwassuccessfulinmyexams—andmore18,Imadeafullrecovery.

Everypersonfacingadiseaselikecancermustmakethe19thatarerightforthem.Iam20thatImadethedecisionthatwasrightforme.

1.A.stuck B.came C.turned D.worked2.A.require B.expect C.sense D.arrange3.A.body B.memories C.family D.dreams4.A.face B.achieve C.show D.understand5.A.necessary B.temporaryC.difficult D.disappointing6.A.join B.treat C.settle D.continue7.A.fought B.advised C.acted D.decided8.A.recover B.exercise C.study D.play9.A.better B.worse C.more D.less10.A.save B.spend C.take D.miss11.A.help B.remind C.allow D.invite12.A.struggle B.failure C.burden D.trouble13.A.tired B.relaxed C.confident D.nervous14.A.afraid B.ready C.able D.eager15.A.purpose B.projects C.treatment D.exams16.A.rest B.risk C.privilege D.job17.A.endedup B.passedonC.paidoff D.brokeout18.A.clearly B.interestinglyC.specifically D.importantly19.A.choices B.changesC.efforts D.chances20.A.surprised B.excitedC.determined D.proudⅢ.短文改错(2017湖北云梦一中模拟)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Amanhasbeenwaitingatthebusstop.Afterafewminuteslater,thebusarrivedanddidnotstop.Themanthoughtitwouldstopalittlefar,sohestartedrunningafterthebus.Fortunately,thebusneverstopped.Themankeptfollowthebusuntilhearrivedhome.Themanwasverygladthathecouldsavebitofmoney.Hehappilytoldhiswife,“Honey,todayIranafterthebusesuntilgettinghome.Ididn’thavetopaythefee.”Surprisingly,thewifeblamedher,“Youfool!Doyouknowhowmanyyoucouldsaveifyouranafterataxi?”Ⅳ.书面表达(2017安徽滁州模拟)假如你是李华,你校将于本周五上午举行题为“Protectingwildanimals”的英文演讲比赛,你将代表你班参赛,请你写一份演讲稿。内容主要包括:1.野生动物的生存现状;2.举例说明保护野生动物的重要性;3.你是如何做的。注意:词数100左右(开头已经给出,不计入总词数)。Goodmorning,everyone!I’mmorethangladtostandhereandgiveashortspeechonprotectingwildanimals.

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答案精解精析Ⅰ.阅读理解[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。题材为科普知识类。14年前因为疫苗的使用,麻疹病在美国几乎消失了。但是最近,美国麻疹病例的数量却呈小幅上升趋势,这无疑给人们敲响了警钟。1.A推理判断题。文章第一段讲的是由于反疫苗运动,麻疹病卷土重来;再根据第二段第一句可知,麻疹病例的数量听起来不多,但是它们却是一种危险趋势的开始。2.C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知,群体免疫力只有在几乎整个群体都进行了疫苗免疫后才能起作用,故选C项。3.D推理判断题。根据第一段第二句及倒数第三、四段的内容可知选D项。4.C主旨大意题。作者通过讲述日益增长的反疫苗运动以及一些州政府法律对于疫苗豁免权的不限制,分析了美国麻疹病例的数量呈小幅上升趋势的原因,由此向读者强调接种疫苗的重要性,故选C项。Ⅱ.完形填空[语篇解读]“我”在上大二的时候被诊断出得了癌症。最终,我靠着自己顽强的意志得到了回报,不仅取得了好的成绩,身体也康复了。1.C结合下文sixmonthsofchemotherapy(化疗)可知作者得了癌症,他脖子上的肿块被发现(turnouttobe)是癌症。故正确答案为C项。stickout伸出;eout出来,出版;workout解决,计算出。2.A结合上文可知,因为作者脖子上的肿块被发现是癌症,因此他将需要(require)六个月的化疗。expect意为“期望”,sense意为“感觉”,arrange意为“安排”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为A。3.D结合下文somanygoalsIwantedtochase可知作者还有很多目标要追求,在他的梦想(dream)中并没有一点空间留给病痛。body意为“身体”,memory意为“记忆”,family意为“家庭”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为D。4.B作者并不想生病,他还有很多事情要去完成(achieve)。face意为“面对”,show意为“展示”,understand意为“理解,明白”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为B。5.C结合上下文可知,得癌症是一件痛苦不堪的事情,因此要告诉朋友和家人是很艰难的(difficult)。necessary意为“必要的”,temporary意为“暂时的”,disappointing意为“失望的”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为C。6.D结合上文IhadjuststartedmysecondyearstudyingatCambridgeUniversity可知作者得癌症是在剑桥大学学习第二年的时候,因此他需要考虑是否继续(continue)他的学业。join意为“参加”,treat意为“治疗”,settle意为“解决”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为D。7.B结合下文andsodidmyparentsandteachers可知医生、父母和老师都不同意(adviseagainst)作者继续完成学业,adviseagainst意为“持反对意见,相反的建议”,符合文意。fight意为“斗争”,act意为“表演,行动”,decide意为“决定”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为B。8.A作者得病了需要治疗,所以医生和老师建议“我”休假一段时间用来恢复(recover)和放松。exercise意为“锻炼”,study意为“学习”,play意为“玩耍”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为A。9.B作者需要休学一年来养身体,在这一年没法继续自己的学业,因此只能收获遗憾,这对作者来说是不能更糟糕的(worse)事了。better意为“更好的”,more意为“更多的”,less意为“更少的”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为B。10.D结合文章内容可知,如果作者休假一年,他就会徒留遗憾地错过(miss)生命中宝贵的一年。save意为“保存;拯救”,spend意为“花费”,take意为“拿,取”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为D。11.C结合上文Togetherwithmyparents,Itriedtopersuadetheuniversity和下文tostayatCambridgeandstudyonlyhalfthecourse可知,此处应为“我”努力说服学校允许(allow)我待在剑桥并只学习一半的课程,allowsb.dosth.to意为“允许某人做某事”,符合文意。helpsb.(to)dosth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,invitesb.todosth.意为“邀请某人做某事”,remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事,均不符合文意。故正确答案为C。12.A结合上文AttheendoftheyearIwouldtaketwoexams.可知,“我”还有两个考试,所以此处应为“说服学校同意是件很费力的事(struggle)”,struggle可用作名词,意为“费力的事”,符合文意。failure意为“失败”,burden意为“负担”,trouble意为“麻烦”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为A。13.A结合上文TreatmentbeganandIwasupanddownfromCambridgetoLondoneveryotherweek可知,此处应为“每隔一周奔波于剑桥和伦敦之间使我感到累(tired)”。relaxed意为“放松的”,confident意为“自信的”,nervous意为“不安的”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为A。14.C结合下文toread,eatandsocializeexactlyasIusedto可知,此处应为“我能够(able)和以前一样读书、吃东西和社交”,beabletodosth.意为“能够做某事”,符合文意。bereadytodosth.意为“准备好做某事”,beeagertodosth.意为“渴望做某事”,beafraidtodosth.“担心做某事”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为C。15.D此处应为“在期末完成考试(exam)感觉像个人伟大的胜利”。purpose意为“目的”,project意为“项目”,treatment意为“治疗”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为D。16.B结合上文可知,医生并不建议作者在生病的情况下参加考试,所以此处应为“我冒险(takearisk)在治疗的同时学习”。takearest意为“休息”,takeaprivilege意为“有特权”,takeajob意为“工作”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为B。17.C结合下文Iwassuccessfulinmyexams可知,此处应为“我在治疗的同时继续学习这件事得到了好结果(payoff)”。故正确答案为C项。endup结束;passon递给;breakout(战争、疾病等)爆发。18.D结合上文Iwassuccessfulinmyexams和下文Imadeafullrecovery可知,前后为递进关系,所以此处应为“更重要的是(moreimportantly)”。clearly意为“清晰地”,interestingly意为“有趣地”,specifically意为“确切地说”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为D。19.A结合下文Imadethedecisionthatwasrightforme可知,此处填的词应与makethedecision意义相近,makethechoices意为“做出选择”,符合文意。change意为“改变”,effort意为“努力”,chance意为“机会”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为A。20.D此处应为“我很自豪(proud)我做出了正确的决定”。surprised意为“惊讶的”,excited意为“激动的”,determined意为“坚定的”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为D。Ⅲ.短文改错1.第一句:has→had考查时态。“公共汽车到达”发生在过去,因此“等公共汽车”发生在“过去的过去”,且“一直在进行”,故用过去完成进行时。2.第二句:去掉later考查副词。句中已有After,故later多余。3.第二句:and→but考查连