2023届上海市部分区高三年级下册4月二模英语试卷汇编：完形填空(含答案)

上海市部分区2023届高三下学期4月二模英语解析版试卷分类汇编

完形填空专题

2023届上海市金山区高考二模英语试题

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,

CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

ItisNobelPrizeweek,theoneweekeveryyearwhenpeoplefromallcornersoftheglobe

celebratescience,readaboutribosomes(核糖体)，andgivetheirbestshotattryingtounderstand

particlephysics.Itisalsotheoneweekwhenscienceisguaranteedsomeprimeheadlinespaceon

mainstreamnewsoutlets.AndyetthescienceNobels(inmedicine,physics,andchemistry)

presenta(n)(41)viewofscience.

Theproblemstartswiththe(42)ofprize-winnersselectedeveryyear.Therules

governingtheNobelPrize(43)ittojustthreewinnersineachcategory.Thismeansthat

foreverydiscoverythatisawardedaNobel,themajorityofcontributingscientistsendupbeing

(44).

Asamatteroffact,sciencehasneverbeena(n)(45)effort.IsaacNewtonstoodon

the"shouldersofgiants^^;NeilArmstrong's"onesmallstep“wasadreamrealizedbyhundredsof

thousandsofengineersandscientists.Scienceis,andalwayshasbeen,andrepetitiveprocess

whereindividualsdrawondiscoveriesmadebyothersto(46)advancetheboundariesof

humanknowledge.Yes,AlbertEinsteinfamouslywontheNobelPrizeallbyhimselfforapaper

healoneauthored,buthecouldnothavemadehisdiscoverieswithout(47)workbyMax

Planck,JamesMaxwell,andseveralothers.

Tomakemattersworse,typicaloftheNobelPrizes,noneofthe(48)wasafirst

authoronanyofthepublicationscitedbytheprizeannouncements.Thefirstauthorofascientific

paperistypicallythepersonwhodidthehands-onlaboratorywork,usuallyagraduatestudentor

youngpost-doctoralresearcher.Itispreciselythese(49)researcherswhoareingreater

needoftheNobelPrizemoneythantheirgenerallytenured(终身的)supervisors.

Morebasically,awardingtheprizestoonlythreescientistsspreadsavisionofscienceasan

individualenterprise.Byensuringthatgraduatestudentsarenotgiven(50)recognition,

theprizesreinforce(力口强)themistakenimageofascientistasanoldwhitemaninalabcoat.

Thiscanonly(51)genderandracialinequalitiesinscience,especiallyfurtheralonginan

academiccareer.

Anyoneofthesereasonsissufficientto(52)theNobelPrizes.Hereisoneidea:

AwardtheNobelPrizesnotto(53)butfordiscoveries;donatetheprizemoneytoan

internationalsciencefundtopromotefurtherexplorationineachyear'sprize-winningfieldof

research.

Ascience-orientedNobel,ratherthanascientist-orientedone,wouldeducatethepublicin

themostimportantscientificdevelopmentsand,(54),stimulatenewscientificprogressby

usingtheprizemoneytofundthenextgenerationofresearchers.Scienceworksbestwhenthe(55)

ofonegenerationofscientistsarepaidforwardtodrivethenexttoevengreaterheights.

Thatistosay,scientistsofdifferentgenerationsworkwithjointeffortstosupportfuturescientific

advancementsforthebettermentofsocietyasawhole.

41.A.strangeB.outdatedC.all-roundD.advanced

42.A.qualityB.diversityC.disciplineD.figure

43.A.restrictB.extendC.relateD.apply

44.A.employedB.ignoredC.respectedD.nominated

45.A.terrificB.constantC.intellectualD.individual

46.A.naturallyB.rapidlyC.graduallyD.personally

47.A.previousB.subsequentC.physicalD.commercial

48.A.employeesB.addresseesC.awardeesD.refugees

49.A.chief-positionB.early-career

C.senior-managementD.academic-world

50.A.dueB.immediateC.literaryD.governmental

51.A.turndownB.leveloffC.takeawayD.stepup

52.A.claimB.reformC.presentD.announce

53.A.organizersB.researchersC.sponsorsD.supervisors

54.A.infactB.incomparisonC.intheoryD.inturn

55.A.legendsB.spiritsC.achievementsD.mysteries

2023届上海市嘉定区高三下学期二模英语试卷

SectionA(15分)

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,

CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Hassomeoneevertoldyousomethingthatmadeyoudoubtyourownmemoryorjudgment?

Ifso,youmaybea__41___ofgaslighting.atGaslighting^^isakindofpsychologicalabuseto

gain___42___overothersbypurposelymakingotherpeoplethinkthey'rewrongevenwhen

they'reright.ThetermcomesfromPatrickHamilton'splayin1938.LeadcharacterJack

ManninghamseekstoconvincehiswifeBellathatsheis___43___,bysayingsheisimagining

thedimming（变暗）ofthegaslightintheirhome,whenitwasactuallyhewholoweredthe

brightnessofthelight.

Gaslightingisinitiallyusedtotalkaboutwhathappensinromanticrelationships.However,

manyindividualsalsoexperiencegaslightingatwork.___44___,arecentsurveyhasfoundthat

58%oftherespondentssaidtheyhaveexperiencedgaslightingatwork.Ifs___45___since

gaslightingusuallyinvolvesapowerrelationshipandaneedtocontrolothers.Intheworkplace,

the___46___betweenabossandhisemployeecanbetheperfectbreeding（滋生的）groundfor

thistypeofbehavior.Yourbossmighttellyoutohandleanassignmentinacertainway,butwhen

youdo,hegets___47___andsaysitwasn'twhathewanted.Itmakesyoufeellikeyourmemory

is___48___.Inothersituations,yourbossmayexcludeyoufromameeting___49___andwhen

youaskhimaboutit,hemightaccuseyouofbeingtoosensitiveinsteadofansweringyour

questiondirectly.

Inordertofindoutwhetheryourboss'sbehaviorreally___50___gaslightingorheisjusta

poorcommunicator,youcouldwritedownyourexperiencesandaskyourselfwhatreally

happened,whathismotivesmighthavebeen,andhowyouremotionwas___51___.Butalways

becarefulbecausegaslightersknowhowtoflyundertheradar（雷达）.Theyareskilledat

weakeninganemployee'sconfidenceandsenseofrealityinacleverand__52___way.

Toprotectyourself,attheendoftheconversationwithyourboss,repeatbackwhatyouheard

andfollowupwithane-mailrestatingthemainpoints,___53___theinteractionsbetweenyou

two.Butdon'tgetyourhopeshighthatthiswillautomaticallysolvetheproblem,RobinStem,

authorofTheGaslightEffect,warns,becauseit'shardtogetagaslighterto___54___hisbehavior

pattern.Ifthingsdon'timprove,youmaywanttoconsidergettingoutofthegaslightingsituation

bylookingforanewposition.Itmaybeoneofthebestthingsyoucandoforyour___55___

well-being.

41.A.creatorB.victimC.hostD.scholar

42.A.powerB.wealthC.supportD.

experience

43.A.havingfunB.feelingangryC.goingcrazyD.

becomingyounger

44.A.BycomparisonB.WorsestillC.AfterallD.Infact

45.A.unsurprisingB.irrelevantC.unnecessaryD.improper

46.A.harmoniesB.dynamicsC.phasesD.

replacements

47.A.annoyedB.interestedC.frightenedD.excited

48.A.visualB.painfulC.faultyD.lasting

49.A.atrandomB.forsureC.intimeD.on

purpose

50.A.recommendsB.constitutesC.escapesD.discovers

51.A.facilitatedB.affectedC.representedD.

monitored

52.A.hard-to-proveB.easy-to-spotC.safe-to-learnD.

tough-to-survive

53.A.interruptingB.overcomingC.abandoningD.

documenting

54.A.submitB.attainC.changeD.forgive

55.A.emotionalB.physicalC.virtualD.economic

2023届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,

CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Youhavetomakeaspeech.Youhavedoneyourresearchandnowhaveplentyofideas

bouncingaroundinyourheadthatyouwanttogetacross.Thebig41youfaceatthispoint

ishowtoorganizethosethoughts.Orperhapsyouareplanningtowriteapaper,andallyouhave

isthemaintopic.Youneedtobrainstormsomesupportingideasandthen42howthose

ideasfittogether.

Thesearejusttwocasesthatmanypeopledealwith43.Someuseoutliningtoflesh

outand44theirideas,butisthatthebeststrategy?Ifeveryonethoughtinalinear（线f生的）

manner,thentheanswerwouldbeyes,butmostpeopledon't.

Entermindmapping,a45thatshowshowdifferentideasandfactsrelatetoone

another.Thistwo-dimensional（二维的）46isdesignedtohelpyourememberinformation

becauseitsformatiseasyforyourmindto47.Mindmapshaveproventoincreasenot

onlyproductivityand48butalsomemory.Morethan250millionpeopleworldwideuse

them,sowhydon'tyouhaveatryandseewhattheyareallabout?

Whatisamindmap?Simplyput,itisone'sideasputintotheformofa49diagram

thatstartswithacentralidea.Putthisideainabubble（气泡）inthemiddleofapagewithlines

radiatingouttootherbubblesthatcontainrelatedthemesorconcepts.Itshouldlooklikea

many-leggedspider.Usewords,shortphrasesor50toexpressyourideas.These

associationsoftenleadtootherideasthatcanbeaddedatthesamelevelorinsmallerbranches

where51.Usecolor-codedbubblesforavisualrepresentationofeachbranch's

52.Youarenowmappingyourthoughtsandideasinthewayyourbrainthinks.

Studieshaveshownthatthistechniqueofusingpictures,colorsandvisualarrangementhas

improvedpeople'srecallandmemoryofinformationby10to15percent.Butitdoesn'tstopthere.

Creativityisarousedbecauseofthespatialarrangement,53peopletomakemorelinks

andassociationsontopicsofanykind.54.itincreasesone'sproductivitybecausemind

mappingmakesiteasiertolearnfasterwhilecommunicatingmoreeffectively.

Sowhetheryou5re55aprojectorwritingaresearchpaper,makethistechniquea

corepartofyourplanningprocess!

41.A.purposeB.changeC.questionD.project

42.A.turnoutB.takeoutC.giveoutD.figureout

43.A.consequentlyB.frequentlyC.entirelyD.barely

44.A.organizeB.expressC.shareD.spread

45.A.processB.foundationC.techniqueD.result

46.A.routeB.structureC.objectiveD.direction

47.A.rememberB.confirmC.drawD.design

48.A.confidenceB.capacityC.efficiencyD.creativity

49.A.vividB.specialC.visualD.normal

50.A.imagesB.sentencesC.passagesD.languages

51.A.obviousB.appropriateC.meaningfulD.empty

52.A.functionB.extensionC.connectionD.determination

53.A.encouragingB.enablingC.remindingD.informing

54.A.AdditionallyB.SincerelyC.BrieflyD.Generally

55.A.inlovewithB.intermsofC.infavourofD.inchargeof

2023届上海市松江区高考二模英语试题

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,

CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Aninterestingstudyfoundcapuchinmonkeys（僧帽猴），likehumans,areguidedbysocial

emotions.Trypayingonemonkeywithgrapesandanotherwithcucumbersforthe41

amountofworkandyoumaybesurprisedattheresults!Themonkeywhogotthecucumberswill

probably42workingforyou.Hemayeventhrowoutthecucumbers,eventhough

monkeysareusually43toreceivethem,saysSarahBrosnan,apsychologyprofessorat

GeorgiaStateUniversity.

ThatexperimentbyBrosnanandFransdeWallpublishedin2003inNaturewasoneofthe

firsttoshowthatanimalsmayhaveanassessmentfor44-amoralsensethatmany

researcherspreviouslythoughtonlyhumanspossessed.Sincethen,manyresultshavesuggested

thatanimals-particularlythosethatdependon45fortheirsurvivalmayhaveaninborn

senseofjustice.

Socialanimals,whichareinterdependentforaliving,will46sharerewardswith

otherswhoworkedtowardthesamegoal."Thebuilt-insensedidn'tdevelopfirstinhumans.Ifs

possiblysomethingthatbeganinsocialspecies,and47tous."Brosnansaidinan

interview.

Onestudy48thatsomeanimalsparticularlytheonesthathunttogetherdivideupthe

rewards.Anotherstudyevenfindsthatanimalswilloccasionallydeliverabetterrewardtoa

partnerthantheythemselves49.InresearchbyBrosnanandhercolleaguespublishedin

AmericanJournalofPrimatology,twocapuchinmonkeyshadtoworktogethertopullaplateof

foodtotheircages.Butbeforetheybeganpulling,themonkeyshadtodecidewhichonewould

getagrapeandwhichonewouldgetanappleslice.50fightingoverthegrapeoralways

lettingtheleadingmonkeyeatit,theanimalsgenerallyvaryrolesontheway,sotheybothearned

somegrapesandsomeappleslices,Brosnanfound.Incaseswherethe51monkey

alwaysgotthegoodfood,theothermonkeywerelikelytogiveupparticipating.Moreoftenthan

not,itpreferredto52arewardthanbepaidunfairly.

AccordingtoBrosnan,thattendencytosharerewardsfairlyprobablydevelopedasaresultof

thewaycapuchinsworktogethertohunt."IfwearehuntingandIamnotgivingyoumuchofthe

kill,youwouldbebetterofffindinganother53Jshesays.

However,interpretinganimalbehaviorthroughhumaneyescanbe54,observes

MarcHauser,aHarvardpsychologyprofessorandevolutionarybiologist.Inthecucumber-grape

study,forexample,themonkeyscouldhave55thecucumberssimplybecausetheywere

annoyedthattheydidn'tgetagrapeoncetheysawit.

41.A.variousB.enormousC.equalD.superb

42.A.riskB.restartC.quitD.fancy

43.A.matureB.contentC.passiveD.shocked

44.A.stabilityB.reputationC.enduranceD.fairness

45.A.necessitiesB.rewardsC.emotionD.cooperation

46.A.naturallyB.barelyC.surprisinglyD.occasionally

47.A.evolvedB.communicatedC.deliveredD.referred

48.A.deniesB.predictsC.indicatesD.suspects

49.A.discoverB.receiveC.expectD.present

50.A.InsteadofB.ThankstoC.RegardlessofD.Priorto

51.A.diligentB.dominantC.generousD.outgoing

52.A.saveB.admireC.shareD.refuse

53.A.partnerB.roleC.huntD.task

54.A.criticalB.pessimisticC.problematicD.marvellous

55.A.setasideB.thrownawayC.heldontoD.aimedat

2023届上海市杨浦区高考二模英语试题

16.

InconvenientTruths

Ifdoctorslie,itissurelyinexcusable.Oneofthebasic(1)thepublichaveof

doctorsishonesty.ButwhatwouldyouthinkifItoldyouthatresearchhasshownthat70per

centofdoctors(2)tolyingtotheirpatients?IfIamhonest,Ihavetoldliestomy

patients.

MrsWaltonwasinhereightiesand(3)toseeherhusband.Shewouldtrytogetup

tofindhim,despitebeingatriskoffalling."He'sonhisway,don'tworry,thenurseswouldsay

thistocalmherdown.Isaidthesamethingtoher.Butitwasalie.Hediedtwoyearsago.The

truth,ifIcanusethatword,isthatitisa(4)toliesometimes.

MrsWaltonisoneofthedementia(痴呆)sufferers,wholosetheirshort-termmemory

andthememoryof(5)events,butholdmemoriesfromthedistantpast.Sufferersare

trappedforeverinaconfusingpastthatmanyrealizebearslittle(6)tothepresent,

butareatalosstoexplain.Thosewithdementiaoftenfeelupset,scaredandconfusedthatthey

areinastrangeplace,(7)bystrangepeople,evenwhentheyareintheirownhomes

withtheirfamily,becausetheyhavegonebacktodecadesago.

Theylookattheiradultchildren(8)andwonderwhotheycouldbebecausethey

thinktheirchildrenarestilllittlekids.Ihavehadcountlessfamiliesbreakdownintears,not

knowinghowtoreactastheirlovedonemovesfurtherawayfromthembackintotheirdistant

pastandtheyare(9)inthepresent.Andhow,asthedoctorornursecaringforthese

patients,doesonemanagetheangerandoutburstsofdistressthatcomeswithhavingno(10)

ofyourlifeforthepasttenor20years?Theliesthatdoctors,nursesandfamiliestellthese

patientsarenotbig,elaboratelies-theyare(11)comfortsintendedtocalmandallow

thesubjecttobeswiftlychanged.

(12)withthemaboutthisfalserealityisnotheartlessorunprofessional-itis

actuallykind.That'snottosaythatlyingtopatientswithdementia(13)isrightor

defensible.Butwhatkind-heartedpersonwouldputanotherhumanbeingthroughthe

unimaginablepainoflearning,(14)againandagainthattheyhavelosttheirbeloved

ones.Itwouldbeanunthinkablecruelness.

Sometimeshonestyis(15)notthebestpolicy.

(1)A.expressionsB.expectationsC.reputationsD.regulations

(2)A.objectedB.contributedC.admittedD.appealed

(3)A.ashamedB.delightedC.nervousD.desperate

(4)A.crueltyB.kindnessC.painD.pleasure

(5)A.recentB.popularC.distantD.major

(6)A.oppositionB.connectionC.attentionD.similarity

(7)A.attackedB.isolatedC.surroundedD.attracted

(8)A.puzzledB.satisfiedC.amusedD.motivated

(9)A.cutoffB.thrownawayC.putdownD.leftbehind

(10)A.knowledgeB.controlC.imaginationD.record

(11)A.briefB.constantC.permanentD.secret

(12)A.CompetingB.PlottingC.MatchingD.Mixing

(13)A.unnecessarilyB.inaccuratelyC.impatientlyD.impolitely

(14)A.aheadoftimeB.innotimeC.forthelasttimeD.forthefirsttime

(15)A.mostlyB.informallyC.simplyD.finally

参考答案

2023届上海市金山区高考二模英语试题

41.B

42.D

43.A

44.B

45.D

46.C

47.A

48.C

49.B

50.A

51.D

52.B

53.B

54.D

55.C

【导语】

本文是说明文。文章分析了诺贝科学奖存在的问题，并给出了解决办法。作者认为当一代科

学家的成就被发扬光大，推动下一代科学家更上一层楼时，科学才能发挥最好的作用。

41.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，诺贝尔科学奖（医学奖、物理学奖和化学奖）却呈现出一

种过时的科学观。A.strange奇怪的；B.outdated陈旧的；过时的；C.all-round多才多艺的；

D.advanced高级的。根据下文^Theproblemstartswiththe2ofprize-winners

selectedeveryyear.?,可知，此处说明是一个问题，因此推断诺贝尔和平奖呈现出一种过时

的科学观点。故选B。

42.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个问题始于每年选出的获奖者的数量。A.quality质量；B.

diversity多样性;多样化；Cdiscipline纪律；训练；D.figure数字。根据下文“justthree

winnersineachcategory”可知，此处说的是获奖者的数量。故选D。

43.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：管理诺贝尔奖的法规限制在每个类别中只有三名获奖者。A.

restrict限制；B.extend延长；C.relate联系；D.apply申请。根据下文“Thismeansthatfor

everydiscoverythatisawardedaNobel,themajorityofcontributingscientistsendupbeing_

4—.”可知，管理规定限制每个类别只有三名获奖者。故选A。

44.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着，对于每一个被授予诺贝尔奖的发现，大多数有贡献的

科学家最终都被忽视。A.employed雇佣；B.ignored忽视；C.respected尊重；D.nominated

提名；任命。根据前文ujustthreewinnersineachcategory^可知，每个类别仅有三名获奖

者，因此大部分有贡献的科学家被忽视。故选B。

45.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意:事实上,科学从来不是个人的努力。A.terrific极好的；B.constant

不断的；C.intellectual智力的；D.individual个人的。根据下文IsaacNewtonstoodonthe

“shouldersofgiants"；NeilArmstrong's"onesmallstep“wasadreamrealizedby

hundredsofthousandsofengineersandscientists.（艾萨克•牛顿站在“巨人的肩膀上“；尼

尔•阿姆斯特朗的“一小步”是成千上万工程师和科学家实现的梦想。）”可知，科学不是

个人的努力。故选D。

46.

考查副词词义辨析。句意：科学一直以来都是一个重复的过程，在这个过程中，个人利用他

人的发现，逐步推进人类知识的边界。A.naturally自然地；B.rapidly快速地；C.gradually

逐渐地；D.personally亲自地。根据上文“Scienceis,andalwayshasbeen,andrepetitive

processwhereindividualsdrawondiscoveriesmadebyothers”可知，科学是个人利用他人

的发现逐渐提高的。故选C。

47.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是的，阿尔伯特•爱因斯坦凭借他独自撰写的一篇论文获得了

诺贝尔奖，但如果没有马克斯・普朗克、詹姆斯•麦克斯韦和其他几个人以前的工作，他就

不可能有这些发现。A.previous以前的；B.subsequent随后的;C.physical身体的；D.

commercial商业的。根据前文uAlbertEinsteinfamouslywontheNobelPrizeallbyhimself

forapaperhealoneauthored,buthecouldnothavemadehisdiscoveries”可矢口，爱因斯坦禾ll

用了其他科学家以前的所做的工作。故选A。

48.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，诺贝尔奖的典型特点是，没有一个获奖者是获奖公

告中引用的任何出版物的第一作者。A.employees雇员；B.addressees地址；Cawardees受

奖者；D.refugees难民。根据下文“Thefirstauthorofascientificpaperistypicallytheperson

whodidthehands-onlaboratorywork,usuallyagraduatestudentoryoungpostdoctoral

researcher.（一篇科学论文的第一作者通常是亲自做实验室工作的人，通常是研究生或年轻

的博士后研究员。）”可知，没有一个获奖者是获奖公告中引用的出版物的第一作者。故选

Co

49.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是这些初入职场的研究人员比他们的终身导师更需要诺贝尔奖

奖金。A.chief-position首席位置；B.early-career早期职业生涯；C.senior-management高

级管理人员；D.acactemic-world学术界。根据上文uusuallyagraduatestudentoryoung

post-doctoralresearcher,,可知，这些都是初入职场的研究人员。故选B。

50.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过确保研究生没有得到应有的认可，这些奖项强化了科学家

作为一个穿着实验室大褂的白人老头的错误形象。A.due预期的、应有的；B.immediate立

亥U的；Cliterary文学的；D.governmental政府的。根据上文“typicaloftheNobelPrizes,none

ofthe8wasafirstauthoronanyofthepublicationscitedbytheprize

announcements.Thefirstauthorofascientificpaperistypicallythepersonwhodidthe

hands-onlaboratorywork,usuallyagraduatestudentoryoungpostdoctoralresearcher.可

知，研究生不能获得应有的认可，获得奖项。故选A。

51.

考查动词短语辨析。句意：这只会加剧科学领域的性别和种族不平等，尤其是在以后的学术

生涯中。A.turndown拒绝；B.leveloff趋平；C.takeaway剥夺；拿走；D.stepup使加快速

度、加剧。根据前文“theprizes%，确（力口强）themistakenimageofascientistasanold

whitemaninalabcoat,,可推断，这也加剧了科学领域的性别和种族不平等。故选D。

52.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些理由中的任何一个都足以改革诺贝尔奖。A.claim声称、索

取；B.reform改革；C.present赠送；D.announce宣布。上文讲述了诺贝奖项存在问题，

结合下文内容“Hereisoneidea:…”可推断，诺贝尔奖需要改革。故选B。

53.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺贝尔奖不是颁给研究人员，而是颁给发现；将奖金捐赠给一个

国际科学基金，以促进每年获奖研究领域的进一步探索。A.organizers组织者；B.researchers

研究人员；C.sponsors赞助商；D.supervisors监督者。根据下文^donatetheprizemoneyto

aninternationalsciencefundtopromotefurtherexplorationineachyear'sprize-winning

fieldofresearch”可知，诺贝尔奖不要颁发给研究者个人。故选B。

54.

考查介词短语辨析。句意：一个以科学为导向的诺贝尔奖，而不是以科学家为导向的诺贝尔

奖，将在最重要的科学发展中教育公众，转而，通过使用奖金资助下一代研究人员，刺激新

的科学进步。A.infact实际上；B.incomparison比较；C.intheory理论上；D.inturn转而。

根据前后文语境可知，以科学为导向的诺贝尔奖可以教育公众，转而奖金可以资助下一代研

究人员，刺激科学进步。故选D。

55.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：当一代科学家的成就被发扬光大，推动下一代科学家更上一层楼

时，科学才能发挥最好的作用oA.legends传说；B.spirits精神；C.achievements成就；D.

mysteries神秘。根据下文“todrivethenexttoevengreaterheights”可知，要发扬广大一

代科学家的成就，推动下一代科学家，科学才能发挥最好的作用。故选C。

2023届上海市嘉定区高三下学期二模英语试卷

21.B

22.A

23.C

24.D

25.A

26.B

27.A

28.C

29.D

30.B

31.B

32.A

33.D

34.C

35.A

【导语】

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是煤气灯效应和员工该如何保护自己免受这种效应的影响。

21.

考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果是这样,你可能是煤气灯的受害者。A.creator创造者;B.victim

受害者;C.host主人;D.scholar学者。根据上文“someoneevertoldyousomethingthatmade

youdoubtyourownmemoryorjudgmentv可知，句子表示“你可能是煤气灯的受害者”。

故选B。

22.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gaslighting是一种心理虐待，目的是故意让别人认为自己是错

的，即使他们是对的。A.power力量；B.wealth财富；C.support支持；D.experience经历。

根据下文“purposelymakingotherpeoplethinkthey'rewrongevenwhenthey're

right"可知，句子表示“Gaslighting是一种心理虐待，目的是故意让别人认为自己是错的，

即使他们是对的"，gainpoweroversb.意为“征服某人”。故选A。

23.

考查动词短语辨析。句意:主角JackManningham试图说服他的妻子贝拉相信她疯了，他

说她是在想象他们家的煤气灯变暗，而实际上是他调低了灯的亮度。A.havingfun玩得开心；

B.feelingangry感到生气；C.goingcrazy发疯；D.becomingyounger变得更年轻。根据下

文“sayingsheisimaginingthedimming（变日音）ofthegaslightintheirhome,whenitwas

actuallyhewholoweredthebrightnessofthelightv可矢口，主角JackManningham试图说月艮

他的妻子贝拉相信她疯了。故选C。

24.

考查固定短语辨析。句意：事实上，最近的一项调查发现，58%的受访者表示他们在工作中

经历过煤气灯效应。A.Bycomparison相比之下；B.Worsestill更糟糕的是；C.Afterall毕

竟；D.Infact事实上。根据下文recentsurveyhasfoundthat58%oftherespondentssaid

theyhaveexperiencedgaslightingatwork^可知，句子表示“事实上，最近的一项调查发现，

58%的受访者表示他们在工作中经历过煤气灯照明”。故选D。

25.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这并不奇怪，因为煤气灯照明通常涉及权力关系和控制他人的

需要。A.unsurprising不足为奇的；B.irrelevant不相关的；C.unnecessary不必要的；D.

improper不适当的。根据下文“sincegaslightingusuallyinvolvesapowerrelationshipanda

needtocontrolothers”可知，在工作中经历过煤气灯效应是不足为奇的。故选A。

26.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在工作场所，老板和员工之间的动态关系可能是这种行为的完美

滋生地。A.harmonies和谐；B.dynamics动态；C.phases短语；D.replacements替代。根

据下文"betweenabossandhisemployee"可知，此处指“老板和员工之间的动态关系”。

故选B。

27.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你的老板可能会告诉你用某种方式处理一项任务，但当你这样

做时，他会很生气，说这不是他想要的。A.annoyed生气的；B.interested感兴趣的；C.

frightened害怕的；D.excited激动的。根据下文“saysitwasn'twhathewanted”可知，

句子表示“你的老板可能会告诉你用某种方式处理一项任务，但当你这样做时,他会很生气,

说这不是他想要的”。故