四川省成都2023-2024学年高三年级下册入学考试英语试题

成都外国语学校20232024学年度下期

高三开学考试英语试题

注意事项：

1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考籍号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。

2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦

擦干准后，再选涂其它答案标号。

3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。

4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。

5.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。

第I卷（100分）

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,

并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一

小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatairlineisthemantaking?

A.ChinaAirline.B.ChinaNorthernAirline.C.ChinaSouthernAirline.

【答案】c

【解析】

【原文】W:Whatairlineareyoutaking?

M:I'mtakingChinaSouthernAirline.

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

A.Thewomanfoundtheessayverydifficult.

B.Theessaywasdifficulttopleteinhalfanhour.

C.Thewomanfoundtheessayeasy.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Theliteratureessayissoboring.Iworkedallnightandcouldn'tfinishit.

W:Youworkedallnight?Ittookmeonlyonehour.

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whendidthemangettoclassyesterday?

A.At2:30.B.At2:00.C.At1:30.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Don'tblameyourselftoomuch.Itistooearlytostarttheafternoonclassat1:00pm.

M:Notheclasshasbeenrescheduledto2:00pm,andIwasstill30minuteslateyesterday.

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatdoesthemanthinkofthecampus?

A.It'sbeautiful.B.It'saGreekcampus.C.Ifsasmallcampus.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Wow!Idolikethiscampus:thegreenlawns,andtheoldbuildingswithtallcolumns.It'sreally

beautiful.

M:Itsureis.ThearchitectureofthesebuildingsisintheGreekstyle.ltwaspopularintheeighteenthcenturyhere.

5.［此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatdoesthewomanmean?

A.Shewantstocatchthecockroach（螳螂）.

B.Sheasksthewaitertocatchtheinsect.

C.Shewantstoconfirmsomething

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Hi,waiter.Canyoueoverhereandmakeoutwhatthisis?

M:Oh,mygod.Ithinkthafsacockroach（螳螂）.

W:Sothere?snothingwrongwithmyeyes.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，

每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6.Howarethespeakerstraveling?

A.Byair.B.Bytrain.C.Bycar.

7.Whatisthedestinationofthespeakers?

A.NewYork.B.WashingtonD.C.C.SanJose.

8.Whyarethespeakersgoingtothegasstation?

A.Togetsomegas.B.Tobuysomefood.C.Toaskdirections.

【答案】6.C7,B8.C

【解析】

【原文】M:DoyouseethesignsforWashingtonD.C.?

W:No.Accordingtothemapweshouldbeclosetothecity,butthehighwaysignsdon'tsayanythingabout

WashingtonD.C..

M:Whatnamesdothesignsshow?

W:IseeroadsignsforSanJoseandNewYork.Doyouthinkwe'relost?

M:Yeah,Ithinkwe'regoinginthewrongdirection.IhopewecanreachWashingtonD.C.beforeitgetsdark.

W:Oh,IthinkIseeagasstationupthereontheright.

M:Great!Ihopewehaven'tgonetoofaroutoftheway.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

9.Wherewasthemanbroughtup?

A.InMunich.B.InWisconsin.C.InLosAngeles.

10.WhatdidthemandoinEurope?

A.Hewenttocollege.

B.Hewenttheretolookforajob.

C.HetraveledandlivedinEuropeforawhile.

11.WhendidthemanleaveMunich?

A.In1984.B.In1995.C.In1997.

【答案】9.B10.C11.C

【解析】

【原文】W:WereyoubominLosAngeles?

M:No,IwasbominChicagoasamatteroffact.

W:Oh,wereyou?

M:Yeah.Igrewupinthesuburbs,inWisconsin,andthenImovedoutherewhenIwasfourteen.

W:Soyouwenttohighschoolhere?

M:Yeah,thafsright.IgraduatedfromLincolnHigh.

W:Andthenyouwenttocollege?

M:No,Notexactly.FirstIwenttoEurope.

W:Oh.Totravel?

M:Well,yes,andIalsolivedinMunichfbrawhile.

W:WhendidyouarriveinMunich?

M:Letmeseenow.Thatwasaboutelevenyearsago.Yeah,in1995.

W:Andhowlongdidyoustaythere?

M:Foralmosttwoyears.

W:Oh,thatmustbeveryinteresting.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

12.Whereistheman?

A.Intheshop.B.Onthestreet.C.Intheoffice.

13.Howmanykindsofcolorsdoesthemanmention?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.

14.Whatkindofsuitdoesthemanbuy?

A.Theblackpurewoolsuit.

B.Thenavybluewoolsuit.

C.Thegraywoolsuit.

【答案】12.A13.B14.C

【解析】

【原文】W:CanIhelpyou,Sir?

M:rdlikeadarkbusinesssuit,thekindthatnevergoesoutofstyle.Somethinginwool,Iguess.

W:Rightthisway.Wehavesomeexcellentpurewoolsuits.Woolhasthebestofeverything-morefbrt,more

quality,morevalue.Butastostyle,Ithinkyoushouldrealizethateventhemostconservative（传统的）stylesstill

change.

M:I'msureyou'reright.It?sjustthatI'mafraidofbuyinganewsuiteveryyear.

W:Well,thechangesareusuallynotsogreat.Whatdoyouthinkofthisone?

M:Thafsabittooformalforme.I'dlikeadarkgray,ornavyblue,orblack.ButIpreferasolidcolor.

W:Here,trythisgrayone...Thatlooksalmostthetailormadeforyou.

M:IfsjustwhatIwanted.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

15.Whatdoesthewomanremendatfirst?

A.Roastbeef.B.Castlesteak.C.Roastchicken.

16.Whatkindofsoupdoesthemanorder?

A.Thecreamofmushroomsoup.

B.Thetomatoandeggsoup.

C.Thechickensoup.

17.Whatdessertdoesthemanorder?

A.Icecream.B.Ricepudding.C.Peachpie.

【答案】15.C16.A17.B

【解析】

【原文】W:MayItakeyourorder,Sir?

M:Well,ifsveryhardtodecide.Isthereanyparticulardishyouwouldremend?

W:Theroastchickenisverygoodtonight.

M:I'mnotveryfondofchicken.Ifeellikeaporterhousesteak（上等的腰肉牛排）tonight...Whatisthiscastle

steakonthemenu?

W:Ifsasmallsteakcookedonagrill.

M:Oh!

W:Maybeyou'dliketotrytoday'sspecial-roastbeef,whichincludesappetizer,soup,salad,choiceofdessert,and

teaorcoffee.

M:IthinkI'lltrythat.

W:Whatappetizerwouldyoulike?

M：rilhavethefruitcocktail.

W:Andthesoup?

M：rilhavethecreamofmushroomsoup,andFdlikeFrenchdressingonmysalad.

W:Verywell,Sir.

M:CanIordermydessertnow?

W:Yes,ofcourse.Wehavepumpkinlayerpie,peachpie,ricepudding,icecream,andchocolatecake.

M：rilhavericepuddingandblackcoffee.

W:OK,Sir.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

18.Howmanypeoplediedinalandslidein2003?

A.Abouttwohundred.B.Overonethousand.C.Abouttwothousand.

19.WhathasthePhilippinesbannedforseveralyears?

A.Growinggrass.B.Cuttingdowntrees.C.Growingpopulation.

20.Whatdoesthespeakeradvisetoprotectourenvironment?

A.Growingmoreforests.

B.Choppingdowntheoldforests.

C.Gettingbusyinprotectingourcountry.

【答案】18.A19.B20.A

【解析】

【原文】W:Treesareprettyimportanttotheenvironment.Soitmakessensethatifyouchopdowntoomanyof

theseanddon'treplacethem,andyou5regoingtorunintoallsortsofproblems.ThePhilippinesknowsallabout

that.It'slostmorethantwothirdsofitsforestareainlessthanahundredyears.In2003,aslideofalargemassof

dirtandrockdownamountainorcliff,orwecallalandslide,killedaroundtwohundredpeople.Recentlyanother

landslideburiedanentirevillageinmud.Ifsbelievedmorethanonethousandpeopledied.Thecauseofthis

landslideisstillbeingdebated.Mostsayitwastheheavyrainfall.Imeanwe'retalkingabouttwothousand

millimetersofrainintendaysthafsquiteadownpour.Somesayaminorearthquakeplayedapart,whileothers

blamedtheremovaloftrees.Ofcourse,itcouldbeabinationofallthosethings.WhilethePhilippinesbanned

choppingdowntreesforseveralyears,itstartedagainin2005.PartlybecausethePhilippinespopulationisgrowing

atarapidrate,sothelandisneededforhousingandfarming.Sohowdoyousupporttheincreasingpopulation

withoutruiningtheenvironment?Growmoreplantations——forests,whichareformercialuse.Anddon'tdestroy

ournative'sforest.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题:每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

WhileattractionsliketheShardandtheLondonEyeofferexcellentperspectives,they'realwaysbusyand

ticketpricesaresteep.Butwithalittleinsiderknowledge,youcansaveyourpoundsandbagyourskylinephotos

withoutthecrowdsthroughaccessingthefollowingviewpoints.

ParliamentHill

Londonismostlyflat,butifyouknowwheretolookthereareafewhillsthatprovidenatural（andfree）high

pointsofferingcityviewswithasideorderoffreshair.

OneofthemostcentralisParliamentHillonHampsteadHeath-at98m,oneofLondon'shighestnatural

viewpoints.Fromhere,onaclearday,youcansitontheparkbenchthatfeaturedinmovieslikeRunFatboyRun

andNotesonaScandal.

Entryfee:free

TheGardenMuseumTower

IfyouexitleftoutofWestminsterstation,battleyourwayoverthebridgeandthenturnright,pasttheviewof

BigBenandwalkalongthesouthsideoftheThames,you'lletoamedieval（中世纪的）church.

WhileyoumightbeinterestedinBritishgardendesign,ifsthe14thCenturytowerthafsthemainattraction

forphotographers.Climbthe131stepsofthenarrowspiralstaircaseandyou'llemergeontooneofthefinest

riversideviewpointsinthecity-withviewsacrosstothePalaceofWestminsterontheright.

Entryfee:Adultfl6,orToweronly4

TheIFSCloudCableCar

IfyouwanttosoaroverLondoninaglasspod,theobviousplacetogoistheLondonEye.Butacheaperand

crowdfreealternativeistoridetheIFSCloudCableCar.

Theviewsareimpressiveatanytime,buttheCableCarstaysopenlate,soyoucanevenenjoymagnificent

sunsetsfromthewest-facingsideoradmirethetwinklingcitylightsafterdark.

Entryfee:E6oneway

Seabird,Southwark

Londonhasnoshortageofrooftopvenues（场所）offeringknockoutcityscapeviews,soitcanbehardtopick

justoneortwo.Butforlocation,anglesandagreatexperience,itdoesn'tgetmuchbetterthanSeabird,onthe14th

flooroftheHoxtonhotelinSouthwarkwithnothingtoblockviewsonthreesides.

Entryfee:Buyadrink:draughtbeercosts£6.50orsmallglassofwineis£9;aportionofolivescosts£5.

21.Wherecanyougoifyouwanttophotographthe14thCenturytower?

A.TheLondonEye.

B.ThesouthsideoftheThames.

C.Therooftopvenues.

D.AplacenearStPaul'sCathedral.

22.Inwhichviewpointcanyoujustbuyadrinkandenjoyfreecityviews?

A.ParliamentHill.

B.TheGardenMuseumTower.

C.TheIFSCloudCableCar.

D.Seabird,Southwark.

23Whatdothe4viewpointshaveinmon?

A.Theyarefree.

B.Theyarewellknown.

C.Theyarenotcrowded.

D.Theyarenotcheap.

【答案】21.B22.D23.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几处省钱又不拥挤的景点。

【21题详解】

细节理解题。根据^TheGardenMuseumTower部分的句子“IfyouexitleftoutofWestminsterstation,

battleyourwayoverthebridgeandthenturnright,pasttheviewofBigBenandwalkalongthesouthsideofthe

Thames,you'lletoamedieval（中世纪的）church.WhileyoumightbeinterestedinBritishgardendesign,ifsthe

14thCenturytowerthafsthemainattractionforphotographers.（如果你从西敏寺车站左出口，过了桥，然后

右转，经过大本钟，沿着泰晤士河南岸走，你就会来到一座中世纪的教堂。虽然你可能对英国花园设计感

兴趣，但对摄影师来说，这座14世纪的塔楼才是最吸引人的地方）可知，从泰晤士河南岸，可以拍摄这座

14世纪的塔楼。故选B项。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据^Seabird,Southwark部分的句子aEntryfee:Buyadrink:draughtbeercosts£6.50or

smallglassofwineis£9;aportionofolivescosts£5.,,（入场费：购买饮料：生啤酒6.5英镑，小杯葡萄酒9

英镑；一份橄榄售价5英镑）可知，进入Seabird,Southwark的入场费是买一杯饮料。故选D项。

【23题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段的句子uButwithalittleinsiderknowledge,youcansaveyourpoundsandbagyour

skylinephotoswithoutthecrowdsthroughaccessingthefollowingviewpoints.“（但只要掌握——些内幕知识，你

就可以在以下没有人群的景点拍足够多的照片）可知，这几处景点的共同之处在于它们都不拥挤。故选C

项。

B

Technologyhasundoubtedlyopeneduptheworldforme.Literally,inthecaseofmyfullyaccessiblehome.

Mywindowsareautomatic,andmyfrontdoorisautomatictoo.Therearealsomywheelchairs.Iguessthatany

wheelchairuserwillsaythebestinventionisthatofthewheel.Ifsatoolbringingindependenceandfort.

Lastweek,Itookawelldeservedbreakfromworkandwentonastaycationinmylocalarea.Onthefirstday,

IwasheadingfurtheroutinmypowerwheelchairthanI'veeverbeenonmyown.Thischairisalmostlikea

Transformer.Ilikethespeed,thephonechargerandtheflexiblefeature.It'sawonderfulcreation.

However,whiletherearemanybenefitsthatewithtechnology,Istillliveinadisablingworld.Forexample,

outinmypowerwheelchairthatday,feelingfreeandeasy,Iheadedstraighttotheshopnotfaraway.Ideserveto

feelheardandincludedwheninnovationisconcerned.ButwhenIgotthere,Iwasconfrontedbyselfservice

checkouts.Whiletheyaredesignedforeasyandquickservice,formeandmanyotherdisabledpeople,thelackof

facetofaceservicescanputusatadisadvantage.Notonlyarethecheckoutsfartoohigh,theyareawkwardly

designedsothatyoucannotapproachthemwithawheelchair.So,Iwaitedforsomeonetoassistme.Injusta

matterofafewhours,Ihadseenhowtechnologyandaccessibilityadvancementshaveempoweredmethen,inthe

nextbreath,disabledme.

Istillliveinadisablingworldwithsubstandardaccessibility.Therefore,disabledpeoplebyandlargeare

morelikelytorelyonmechanicalandtechnologicaldevicessuchasliftsandmunicationaids.Unfortunately,these

thingsaresometimesabusedandmistreated,makingthepersonrelyingonthemdependentonothers.

24.Howdoestheauthorthinkoftechnologyaccordingtoparagraphs1and2?

A.Hecastssomedoubtsonit.

B.Heshowsmuchgratitudeforit.

C.Heexpressescuriosityaboutit.

D.Hefeelsreallycarefreewithit.

25.Whathappenedtotheauthorintheshop?

A.Hecameacrossmanyotherdisabledpeoplebychance.

B.Hewaitedquiteafewhoursinordertocheckout.

C.Hewasunabletoseekassistancefromothers.

D.Hecouldn'tusetheselfservicecheckoutbyhimself.

26.Whydoestheauthorsayhestilllivesinadisablingworld?

A.Hethinksitisnoteasytomakehisvoiceheard.

B.Someshopsareinaccessibletowheelchairusers.

C.Hefindsitreallyhardtofitinwithnondisabledpeople.

D.Thingsrelatedtotechnologyaresometimesoutofservice.

27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Mydifferentviewsconcerningdisability

BHowImakefulladvantageoftechnology

C.Mylovehaterelationshipwithtechnology

D.HowIliveindependentlyasadisabledman

【答案】24.B25.D26.D27.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了科技给残疾人带来了便利，但人们对机械和科技设备的使

用和保护不当也为残疾人的生活带来很多不便。

【24题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段关键句"Technologyhasundoubtedlyopeneduptheworldforme."（科技无疑为我

打开了世界。）和第二段关键句"ThischairisalmostlikeaTransformer.Ilikethespeed,thephonechargerand

theflexiblefeature.Ifsawonderfulcreation."（这把椅子几乎像个变形金刚。我喜欢速度、充电器和灵活

的功能。这是一个奇妙的创造。）可知，作者认为科技为自己打开了世界，身为一个残疾人，作者利用科技

创造的轮椅获得了很多便利，由此可知，根据第1段和第2段内容可知，作者对技术深表感激。故选B项。

[25题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段关键句"Notonlyarethecheckoutsfartoohigh,theyareawkwardlydesignedsothat

youcannotapproachthemwithawheelchair.So,Iwaitedforsomeonetoassistme.”（不仅结账台太高，而且设

计得没有技巧，以至于你不能用轮椅接近它们。所以，我等着有人来帮助我。）可知，作者在自助结账时，

由于结账台太高，他不能用轮椅接近他们，以至于作者不得不等着有人来帮助自己，由此可知，作者在商

店里不能自己使用自助结账。故选D项。

【26题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段内容”Istillliveinadisablingworldwithsubstandardaccessibility.Therefore,

disabledpeoplebyandlargearemorelikelytorelyonmechanicalandtechnologicaldevicessuchasliftsand

municationaids.Unfortunately,thesethingsaresometimesabusedandmistreated,makingthepersonrelyingon

themdependentonothers."（我仍然生活在一个残疾的世界，没有达到标准。因此，残疾人总的来说更可能

依赖机械和技术设备，如电梯和通信辅助设备。不幸的是，这些东西有时被滥用和虐待，使依赖它们的人

依赖于其他人。）可知，因为机械和科技设备有时会被乱用或被人为破坏，导致这些设备无法正常使用，在

这种情况下，作者还得求助别人，所以作者说自己还生活在一个残疾的世界中，由此可知，作者说他仍然

生活在一个残疾的世界，因为与技术相关的东西有时无法使用。故选D项。

[27题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句"Technologyhasundoubtedlyopeneduptheworldforme.”（科

技无疑为我打开了世界。）和最后一段关键句^Unfortunately,thesethingsaresometimesabusedandmistreated,

makingthepersonrelyingonthemdependentonothers.”（不幸的是，这些东西有时被滥用和虐待，使依赖它

们的人依赖于其他人。）可知，作者在第一、二段中描述了科技给他的生活带来的益处，第三段从反面说明

了科技对他的生活产生的影响，作者在最后一段中表明，人们对机械和科技设备的使用和保护不当也为残

疾人的生活带来很多不便，由此可知，作者在本文中表明了他对科技爱恨交加的态度，“Mylovehate

relationshipwithtechnology^意为“我与科技爱恨交加的关系”，选项能够概括文章的主要内容。故选C项。

C

Cancerfightinggenesinelephantscouldhelptackleoneofthebiggestkillersofpeople,accordingtoresearch.

Despitetheirlargebodiesandlonglifespans,elephantsaremuchlesslikelytodiefromcancerthanhumans,with

deathratesoflessthan5percent.

Theparadoxhaspuzzledscientistsbecausemorecellsleadtogreaterreplications（复制），whichincreasesthe

possibilityofthebodyfailingtodetectdamagedDNAorafaultycellthatcanresultintumors（肿瘤）.Elephants

liveforalmostaslongashumansandweighuptofivetons.

However,agroupofBritishandEuropeanscientistssaytheyhavetakenabigsteptowardssolvingPeto's

paradox,namedaftertheBritishepidemiologistSirRichardPeto.Elephants,theysay,carryamuchlargermore

diversegroupoftumorfightingproteins.

Thefindings,publishedlastweekinthejournalMolecularBiologyandEvolution,raisehopesthatthecancer

fightinggenesinelephantscouldbethekeytotacklingcancer,whichkillsabout167,000Britonsyearly.Cells

keepdividingthroughoutanorganism'slife,eachcarryingtheriskofproducingatumor.Oneofthebody's

weaponsisagenecalledp53knownasthe"guardianofthegenome”,whichhuntscellswithfaultyDNA.It

encouragesthecelltorepairitselforselfdestruct,keepingthecellfrombiningwithothersandproducingtumors.

Humanshavetwoversionsofp53butelephantshave40,saidtheresearchers.Biochemicalanalysisandputer

simulationsalsoshowedthatanelephanfsp53genesarestructurallyslightlydifferent,providingamuchlarger

anticancertoolkit.Theresearcherssuspectthatwhilefaultycellsmightbeabletoskirttwop53versions,they

cannotbinewithothercellsaseasilyinthefaceofdozens.

Thefindingswillopenthewayforresearchonhowp53genesofelephantsareactivatedandonmedical

treatmentforhumans.

28.Whathaspuzzledscientists?

A.Fewelephantsendupdyingfromcancer.B.Elephantslivelongandweighenormously.

C.Morecellsleadtohigherchancesoftumors.D.Alargerbodyislesslikelytodiscoverfaultycells.

29.WhatcanbelearntfromParagraph4?

A.HowmanyBritonsdieeachyear.B.Howtheanticancergeneworks.

C.Howtheresearchwascarriedout.D.Whatthefindingshavebeenappliedto.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“skirt“inParagraph5probablymean?

A.Strengthen.B.Detect.C.Escaped.D.Cure.

31.Whichisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Scientistsfindelephantslivelongerthanhumans.B.P53genesplayessentialroleinpreventingcancer.

C.Elephantgenescouldbekeytofightingcancer.D.Groundbreakingtreatmentforcancerisontheway.

【答案】28.A29.B30.C31.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，表明大象的抗癌基因可能是对抗癌症的关键。

[28题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Despitetheirlargebodiesandlonglifespans,elephantsaremuchlesslikelytodie

fromcancerthanhumans,w汕deathratesoflessthan5percent.（尽管大象的身体很大，寿命也很长，但它们死

于癌症的可能性比人类小得多，死亡率不到5%。）”可知，让科学家们感到困惑的是很少有大象最终死于

癌症。故选A项。

【29题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中“Cellskeepdividingthroughoutanorganism'slife,eachcarryingtheriskof

producingatumor.Oneofthebody'sweaponsisagenecalledp53knownasthe'guardianofthegenome',which

huntscellswithfaultyDNA.Itencouragesthecelltorepairitselforselfdestruct,keepingthecellfrombillingwith

othersandproducingtumors.（细胞在生物体的一生中不断分裂，每个细胞都有产生肿瘤的风险。人体的武器

之一是被称为‘基因组守护者’的p53基因，它会搜寻有缺陷DNA的细胞。它鼓励细胞自我修复或自我毁

灭，防止细胞与其他细胞结合并产生肿瘤。）”可知，从本段我们可以了解到抗癌基因是如何工作的。故选

B项。

[30题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Oneofthebody'sweaponsisagenecalledp53knownasthe"guardianofthe

genome\whichhuntscellswithfaultyDNA.（人体的武器之一是被称为'基因组守护者'的p53基因，它会搜

寻有缺陷DNA的细胞。）”和划线词句前文“Humanshavetwoversionsofp53butelephantshave40,saidthe

researchers.Biochemicalanalysisandputersimulationsalsoshowedthatanelephanfsp53genesarestructurally

slightlydifferent,providingamuchlargeranticancertoolkit.（研究人员说，人类有两种p53基因，但大象有40

种。生化分析和计算机模拟还表明，大象的p53基因在结构上略有不同，这提供了一个更大的抗癌工具包。）”

可知，p53基因具有抗癌作用，人类有两种此类基因，而大象却有40种，从而推知划线词句^Theresearchers

suspectthatwhilefaultycellsmightbeabletoskirttwop53versions,theycannotbinewithothercellsaseasilyin

thefaceofdozens.（研究人员怀疑，虽然有缺陷的细胞可能能够skirt两种p53,但面对几十种，它们无法轻

易与其他细胞结合。）”其中划线词汇意思是“绕过，逃避，躲避"，即有缺陷的细胞（致癌细胞）有可能

躲避两种抗癌基因，但是不容易躲避几十种。故选C项。

[31题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第四段中^Thefindings,publishedlastweekinthejournalMolecularBiologyand

Evolution,raisehopesthatthecancerfightinggenesinelephantscouldbethekeytotacklingcancer,whichkills

about167,000Britonsyearly.（上周发表在《分子生物学与进化》杂志上的这一发现，让人们看到了希望：大

象身上的抗癌基因可能是治疗癌症的关键。）”和最后一段"Thefindingswillopenthewayforresearchon

howp53genesofelephantsareactivatedandonmedicaltreatmentforhumans.（这一发现将为研究大象的p53基

因如何被激活以及人类的医学治疗开辟道路。）”可知，本文主要讲的是大象抗癌基因可能是对抗癌症的关

键。故选C项。

D

Thestreets,sidewalksandroofsofcitiesallabsorbheatduringtheday,makingsomeurbanareasacrossthe

UnitedStatesupto6degreesFahrenheithotterthanruralonesduringtheday-and22degreesFhotteratnight.

These“urbanheatislands“canalsodevelopundergroundasthecityheatspreadsdownward,beneaththesurface.

Andbasements,subwaytunnelsandotherundergroundinfrastructurealsoconstantlybleedheatintothe

surroundingearth,creatinghotspots.Nowtheundergroundheatisbuildingupastheplanetwarms.

AccordingtoanewstudyofdowntownChicago,undergroundhotspotsmaythreatentheverysamestructures

thatemittheheatinthefirstplace.Suchtemperaturechangesmakethegroundaroundthemexpandandcontract

（收缩）enoughtocausepotentialdamage."Withoutanyonerealizingit,thecityofChicago5sdowntownwas

deforming,9,saysthestudy'sauthorAlessandroF.RottaLoria,acivilandenvironmentalengineeratNorthwestern

University.

Thefindings,publishedinmunicationsEngineering,exposea“silenthazard（危险）“tocivilinfrastructurein

citieswithsofterground——especiallythosenearwater——RottaLoriasays."Theremighthavebeenstructural

issuescausedbythisundergroundclimatechangethathappened,andwedidn'tevenrealize,headds.Whilenotan

immediateordirectdangertohumanlives,thispreviouslyunknowneffecthighlightstheimpactsofalesserknown

ponentofclimatechange.

Similartoclimatechangeabovethesurface,theseundergroundchangesoccuroverlongperiodsoftime.

“Theseeffectstookdecades,acentury,todevelop,9,RottaLoriasays,addingthatelevatedunderground

temperatureswouldlikewisetakealongtimetodissipate（逐渐消失）ontheirown.

Butotherresearchersinterviewedforthisstoryallsaythiswastedenergycouldalsoberecycled,presentingan

opportunitytobothcoolthesubsurfaceandsaveonenergycosts.Subwaytunnelsandbasementscouldbeupdated

withtechnologiestorecapturetheheat.Forexample,waterpipescouldbeinstalledtorunthroughunderground

hotspotsandpickupsomeoftheheatenergy.

32.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe“urbanheatislands”?

A.Theycandevelopundergroundstructures.

B.Theyareimpactedbyglobalwarming.

C.Theycandestroythegroundaround.

D.TheyonlyexistintheUnitedStates.

33.WhydoesAlessandroF.RottaLoriamention“silenthazard“inparagraph3?

A.Todiscussstructuralissues.

B.Tocategorizeclimatechange.

C.Toexplainundergroundheat.

D.Toemphasizetheneglectedreality.

34.Whatwilltheauthorprobablywriteaboutintheparagraphthatfollows?

A.Thefutureoftunnelsandbasements.

B.Thereusingapproachesofheatenergy.

C.Thecostofmaintainingstructures.

D.Theevolutionofundergroundenvironment.

35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WarmingUnderground,WeakeningSurface

B.ASilverLiningofGlobalWarming

C.UrbanSilentIslandsintheMaking

D.ASilentCrisisinDowntownChicago

【答案】32.B33.D34.B35.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地下气候变暖对城市地面建筑的负面影响的隐蔽性与长期性，

以及介绍潜在的解决方案.

【32题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话"Nowtheundergroundheatisbuildingupastheplanetwarms.（现在随着

地球变暖，地下热量正在积聚）”可知，“城市热岛”是受到全球气候变暖的影响。故选B。

【33题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中AlessandroF.RottaLoria所说的“"Theremighthavebeenstructuralissuescaused

bythisundergroundclimatechangethathappened,andwedidn'tevenrealize（发生的这种地下气候变化可能已

经造成了建筑结构上的问题，我们甚至没有意识到）”以及最后一句话"Whilenotanimmediateordirect

dangerto