陕西省安康市2023-2024学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题（含答案解析）

2024届高三年级测评英语考生注意：1．本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。2．请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15．B．£9.18．C．£9.15．答案是C。1．Whoisateacher?A．Thewoman’ssister．B．Thewomanherself．C．Thewoman’sbrother．2．Whatdoesthemanthinkofthedesk?A．It’swonderful．B．It’scolorful．C．It’sexpensive．3．Whattimeisitnow?A．10:30．B．11:00．C．11:30．4．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theirfavoritewaysoftraveling．B．Theirtriptothebeach．C．Theirweekendplans．5．Whatistheweatherlikenow?A．Rainy．B．Cloudy．C．Sunny．第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whowillpickupthecake?A．Thewomanspeaker．B．janie．C．Maya．7．Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A．Decoratingtheirhouse．B．Preparingasurprisingparty．C．Gettingreadytohaveapicnic．听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．Howmanydaysdoesthemanworkinaweek?A.5days．B．6days．C．7days．9．Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A．Apoliceman．B．Apassenger．C．Apilot．听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A．Toaskaboutherfaxnumber,B．TogettoknowDr.Sharp．C．Tomakeanappointment．11．Whatdoesthemanneedforhisnewjob?A．Afullphysicalcheck-up．B．Atestabouttheposition．C．AformsignedbyDr.Sharp．12．Howwillthewomaninformthemanafterreceivingtheform?A．Bycallinghim．B．Byvisitinghim．C．Bye-mailinghim．听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Whichplacedidthemanvisitfirst?A．Amuseum．B．Acastle．C．Achurch．14．Whatdidthemanlikeinthemuseum?A．Oldpaintings．B．Oldstamps．C．Oldclocks．15．Howdoesthemanfeelinthecastle?A．It’snotwarm．B．It’sboring．C．It’sdangerous．16．Whatdidthemanbuy?A．Abook．B．Somepostcards．C．Amodelchurch．听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．WhendoestheHomecomingDayusuallytakeplace?A．InearlySeptember．B．InearlyOctober．C．InlateOctober．18．WhatkindofgameisthereonHomecomingDay?A．Abaseballgame．B．Abasketballgame．C．Afootballgame．19．WhatistheQueenortheKingmostlikelytobegoodat?A．Dancing．B．Singing．C．Chatting．20．Howmanycelebrationsarementioned?A．Two．B．Three．C．Four．第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AVolunteerattheEcoTarium!WesimplycouldnotoffertheprogramsandspecialeventsthatmaketheEcoTariumauniqueresourcetoourcommunitywithoutourdiverseanddedicatedcorpsofvolunteers.Tobeconsideredforamorespecificposition,lookthroughthevolunteerlistingsbelow,andsubmitanapplication.ZooAmbassadorVolunteerOurzooambassadorvolunteerswillassisttheZoologyDepartmenttoconnectwithgueststhroughengagingeducationalexperiencesaboutouranimalresidents.Wearelookingforvolunteerswhoarepassionateaboutanimalsandexcitedtointeractwithguestsofallages.VolunteersmayalsocompletebehavioralstudiesonnumerousanimalswithinthecareoftheEcoTariumtohelpenhancethewelfareforouranimals!AnimalCareVolunteerAnimalcarevolunteerswillaidinallareasofhusbandry(农牧业),includingfeeding,cleaning,recordkeeping,traininganimals,andbehavioralobservations.Theywillworkwithavarietyofanimalsunderourcare,includingmammals,birds,reptiles,amphibiansandinsects.Thepositionisphysicallydemandingandrequiresworkinginallweatherconditions.EducationProgramVolunteerThroughconversationsandhands-onactivities,educationprogramvolunteershelpvisitorsmakemeaningfulconnectionstoourexhibits,encouragecuriosityandscientificinquiry,andchallengevisitorstodivedeeperintotheconceptsexploredatourmuseum.CollectionsVolunteerTheEcoTariumseeksvolunteerswhoareinterestedinmakingacontributiontosciencebyuncoveringlostspecimens(标本)intheEcoTariumcollection!Photograph,measure,andtakenotesonbirds,eggs,seashells,orpressedflowers.Thisisanexcellentpositionforahighschoolorcollegestudentconsideringacareerinbiologyorlabscience.Itisalsoappropriateforcitizenscientistsofanyage.Itoffersanopportunitytoseeexamplesofrareorextinctplantsandanimals.1.Whatcanananimalcarevolunteerdo?A.Collectlostspecimens.B.Learntofeedandcleananimals.C.Finishsomestudiesontheexhibits.D.Helpelderlyvisitorsinteractwithanimals.2.Whichpositionmostsuitsabiologymajor?A.CollectionsVolunteer. B.AnimalCareVolunteer.C.EducationProgramVolunteer. D.ZooAmbassadorVolunteer.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tolisttheadvantagesofvolunteers.B.Tospreadknowledgeaboutvolunteers.C.Totrainmorepeopletobecomevolunteers.D.Tointroducesomepositionsaboutvolunteers.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了生态博物馆提供的几个志愿者职位的具体情况和具体要求。【1题详解】细节理解题。文章AnimalCareVolunteer部分讲到“Animalcarevolunteerswillaidinallareasofhusbandry(农牧业),includingfeeding,cleaning,recordkeeping,traininganimals,andbehavioralobservations.(动物关爱志愿者将在畜牧业的所有领域提供帮助，包括喂养、清洁、记录、训练动物和行为观察)”可知，爱护动物志愿者可以学习喂养和清洁动物。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。文章CollectionsVolunteer部分讲到“Thisisanexcellentpositionforahighschoolorcollegestudentconsideringacareerinbiologyorlabscience(对于考虑从事生物学或实验室科学职业的高中生或大学生来说，这是一个非常好的职位)”可知，收集志愿者最适合生物专业的学生。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了生态博物馆提供的几个志愿者职位的具体情况和具体要求。文章第一段讲到“Tobeconsideredforamorespecificposition,lookthroughthevolunteerlistingsbelow,andsubmitanapplication(要考虑更具体的职位，请查看下面的志愿者名单，然后提交申请)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一些关于志愿者的职位。故选D。BOnJuly28,Iretiredfrommyposition.Afterteachingformanyyears,Ilookedforwardtokayaking(划独木舟)withmygrandsons,seeingfriendsandtravelingforleisurewithmyhusband.Butmybodyhadotherplansforme.Abrokenspine(脊椎)inmybacktookmedownapaththatupendedmyplans.Ihavelonghadbackpain.However,Ipushedthroughthepaintodomywork,whichworsenedmycondition.DoctorsurgedanoperationwhenincreaseddisabilitymeantIcouldnotsit,standorwalkforalongtime.ButIwantedtoseewhetherphysicaltherapy(治疗)couldcreateaneasieroption.Indeed,hardworkwithagreatphysicaltherapisthasletmeimprovemymobility,sittingandstanding.ButX-raystoldadifferentstory.Myspinewasunstableandbending.Aftercarefulconsiderationandasecondopinionfromanotherprofessional,Iagreedtosurgeryyetinthenearterm.Needlesstosay,thepastmonthshavebeentoughandthewayaheadwillbeeventougher.Kayakingwithmygrandsonsinthepeacefulnessofthelakeisalloutofreach,fornow.WhenImetmyphysicaltherapistforthefirsttime,Iwasamess.Helistenedtomeoutlinemyhistorywithtearsandthencalmlysaid,“Youhavetomakefriendswithyourbody.”Ihaverepeatedthatlinetomyselfdailyandworkedtoembracemybody.Ihavefocusedongratitude.I’mgratefulthatIdonothaveafataldisease.I’mgratefulthatthebodyIhaveremainsalerttotheworld,lovedbyfamilyandfriends.I’mgratefulthatIamstillmyself.Idon’tknowexactlyhowthefuturewillplayout.ThesurgeonassuresmethatIshouldbeabletogetinmykayakbysummer.ButImayhavetomakefriendswithadifferentbody,onethatismineregardlessoftheshape.4.Whydidtheauthor’sconditionbecomeworse?A.Shedislikedphysicaltherapy.B.Shehurtherbackwhenkayaking.C.Shestillworkeddespitebackpain.D.Shewasunwillingtohaveanoperation.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraph3?A.Sheforgottokayakwithhergrandsons.B.Shedecidedtoacceptanoperationrightaway.C.Shecompletelyrecoveredafterphysicaltherapy.D.Sheaskedanotherdoctorforadviceontheoperation.6.Whatchangedtheauthor’sattitudetowardsherbody?A.Herwishtoenjoyretirementlife.B.Herphysicaltherapist’sadvice.C.Herworseningphysicalcondition.D.Herloveforherfamilyandfriends.7.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.LearningtoacceptmybodyB.EnjoyingmyretirementlifeC.FightingagainstmybackpainD.BeinggratefulforwhatIhave【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者原计划在退休后享受休闲时光，但却因为背部脊椎的病情计划被打乱。作者长期背痛，却仍然工作，导致病情恶化，尽管物理治疗有所帮助，但作者还是进行了手术。手术后作者的日子很艰难，听了理疗师建议和自己的身体做朋友后，作者改变了对自己身体的态度，开始接受自己的身体，对生活充满感激。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ihavelonghadbackpain.However,Ipushedthroughthepaintodomywork,whichworsenedmycondition.(我背痛很久了。然而，我顶着疼痛去做我的工作，这使我的病情恶化了)”可知，尽管背部疼痛，作者仍然工作，因此病情恶化了。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Aftercarefulconsiderationandasecondopinionfromanotherprofessional,Iagreedtosurgeryyetinthenearterm.(经过仔细的考虑和再征求另一位专业人士的意见后，我同意在短期内做手术)”可知，作者向另一位医生征求了手术建议。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“WhenImetmyphysicaltherapistforthefirsttime,Iwasamess.Helistenedtomeoutlinemyhistorywithtearsandthencalmlysaid,“Youhavetomakefriendswithyourbody.”Ihaverepeatedthatlinetomyselfdailyandworkedtoembracemybody.(当我第一次见到我的理疗师时，我一团糟。他听我流着泪讲述我的经历，然后平静地说：“你必须和你的身体做朋友。”我每天都对自己重复这句话，努力接受自己的身体)”可知，理疗师建议作者学会和身体做朋友，这改变了她对自己身体的态度。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是全文最后一句“ButImayhavetomakefriendswithadifferentbody,onethatismineregardlessoftheshape.(但我可能不得不和一个不同的身体交朋友，一个不管形态如何都属于我的身体)”可知，文章围绕作者治疗背部脊椎疾病的经历展开，作者原计划在退休后享受休闲时光，但却因为背部脊椎的病情计划被打乱。作者长期背痛，却仍然工作，导致病情恶化，尽管物理治疗有所帮助，但作者还是进行了手术。手术后作者的日子很艰难，听了理疗师建议和自己的身体做朋友后，作者改变了对自己身体的态度，开始接受自己的身体，对生活充满感激。因此，A项“学着接受自己的身体”点明了这段经历最终的结局和主题，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。CRememberMalcolmGladwell’sfamous“10,000-hourrule”fromhisbestsellingbookOutliers?Itproposesthatachievingmasteryinanyfieldrequiresroughly10,000hoursofpractice,emphasizingtheimportanceofearlyprofessionalizationandintensivepracticeforbecominganeliteinaparticularfield.Thisapproach,knownas“deliberatepractice”,encouragessettinggoalsfromayoungage,investingtimeandspecializinginaspecificfield.Onpaper,itsoundslikeagoodpathtosuccess,butwhenwelookatthelivesofeliteathletes,musiciansandscholars,wefindadifferentstory.Inreality,manyindividualswhohaverisentothetopoftheirrespectivefieldstookamorediverseandwindingroute.Theyoftenexploredawiderangeofactivities,gainedabroadskillset,andonlyspecializedatalaterstageinlife.Inotherwords,theideathatonemustknowone’sspecializationfromayoungageisfundamentallywrong.Studieshaveshownthatanapproachcalledthe“samplingperiod”isoftenmoreeffectiveforachievingsuccess.Duringthisphase,individualstryvariousactivities,gaindiverseskills,identifytheirstrengthsandweaknesses,andonlychooseafieldtospecializeinoncetheyhaveaclearerunderstandingoftheirpassionsandabilities.Eliteathletes,forexample,rarelyspecializeinasinglesportataveryyoungage.Instead,theyengageinavarietyofsportsduringtheirformativeyears,whichallowsthemtoacquirebroadphysicalskillsanddiscovertheirinterestsandtalents.Theseearlydiversificationexperiencesprovidevaluablelessonsthatcanbeappliedtotheirchosensports.ConsiderthejourneyofRogerFederer,oneofthegreatesttennisplayersofalltime.Attheageof6,hedabbledinrugby,skiingandwrestling,onlyreturningtotennislater.Thetrialperiodbenefitedhimnotjustbecausehefoundhistruepassionbutalsobecausehisexperiencesinvarioussportsenrichedhistennisgamewithauniquesetofskills.8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkof“10,000-hourrule”?A.It’seffective. B.It’scostly. C.It’sunpractical. D.It’sunproven.9.“Deliberatepractice”stressestheimportanceofthefollowingaspectsexcept______.A.earlygoal-setting B.diverseskills C.focusedpractice D.fieldspecialization10.WhyisRogerFederermentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowthedifficultytobeaneliteathlete.B.Toprovetheadvantageofthe“samplingperiod”.C.Togiveanexampleofapplying“deliberatepractice”.D.Totellusoneofthegreatesttennisplayersofalltime.11.Whichstatementwouldtheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Kidsshouldtrymanykindsofactivities. B.Passioncanbefoundatayoungage.C.Manyfailurescanleadtosuccesses. D.Learntobeanathletesinceyoung.【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是“一万小时”定律以及其不实际性。同时研究表明，一种被称为“抽样周期”的方法通常更有效地取得成功。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Onpaper,itsoundslikeagoodpathtosuccess,butwhenwelookatthelivesofeliteathletes,musiciansandscholars,wefindadifferentstory.Inreality,manyindividualswhohaverisentothetopoftheirrespectivefieldstookamorediverseandwindingroute.Theyoftenexploredawiderangeofactivities,gainedabroadskillset,andonlyspecializedatalaterstageinlife.Inotherwords,theideathatonemustknowone’sspecializationfromayoungageisfundamentallywrong.(从表面上看，这听起来像是一条通往成功的好途径，但当我们观察精英运动员、音乐家和学者的生活时，我们会发现一个不同的故事。实际上，许多在各自领域登上顶峰的人走的是一条更加多样化和曲折的道路。他们经常探索各种各样的活动，获得广泛的技能，只有在生命的后期才会专业化。换句话说，一个人必须从小就了解自己的专业的想法从根本上是错误的)”可知，作者认为“一万小时规则”是不实际的。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Itproposesthatachievingmasteryinanyfieldrequiresroughly10,000hoursofpractice,emphasizingtheimportanceofearlyprofessionalizationandintensivepracticeforbecominganeliteinaparticularfield.(它提出，要在任何领域达到精通，都需要大约1万个小时的练习，强调早期专业化和密集练习对于成为某一领域的精英的重要性)”以及第二段“Thisapproach,knownas“deliberatepractice”,encouragessettinggoalsfromayoungage,investingtimeandspecializinginaspecificfield.(这种方法被称为“刻意练习”，鼓励人们从小就设定目标，投入时间，专攻某一特定领域)”可知，“刻意练习”没有强调多种技能的重要性。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ConsiderthejourneyofRogerFederer,oneofthegreatesttennisplayersofalltime.Attheageof6,hedabbledinrugby,skiingandwrestling,onlyreturningtotennislater.Thetrialperiodbenefitedhimnotjustbecausehefoundhistruepassionbutalsobecausehisexperiencesinvarioussportsenrichedhistennisgamewithauniquesetofskills.(想想有史以来最伟大的网球运动员之一罗杰·费德勒的经历吧。6岁时，他开始涉足橄榄球、滑雪和摔跤，后来才重新回到网球上。这段试用期让他受益，不仅因为他找到了自己真正的激情，还因为他在各种运动中的经历丰富了他的网球比赛，使他拥有了一套独特的技能)”可推知，最后一段提到了罗杰·费德勒是为了证明“抽样周期”的优势。故选B。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Instead,theyengageinavarietyofsportsduringtheirformativeyears,whichallowsthemtoacquirebroadphysicalskillsanddiscovertheirinterestsandtalents.(相反，他们在成长过程中参加各种各样的运动，这使他们获得广泛的身体技能，发现他们的兴趣和才能)”可知，作者认为孩子们应该尝试各种各样的活动。故选A。DElectricallypoweredvertical-take-off-and-landing(eVTOL)aircraft—flyingcarsareanideawhosetimehasnotquiteyetcome,butisfastapproaching.Manyfirmsareofferingvariousdesigns.Noneofthese,however,willbeJetson-likefamilyflyingcars.Pivotal,basedinSiliconValley,bycontrasthascraftedsomethingthatpeoplecanpurchaseandpilotthemselves.Helixisasingle-seatvehicle,so“flyingmotorbike”mightbemoreaccurate.Fromnextyear,manypeoplewillbeabletoorderoneforpersonaluse,thoughtheywillnotbeabletotakedeliveryuntilJune.MarcusLengfoundedPivotalin2011,andsomeback-of-the-envelopecalculationshemadesuggestedthatelectriclift-offofahuman-carryingcraft,usingmotorspoweredbythelithium-ionbatteriesoughttowork.HethusbuiltamodelandflewitinthegardenofhishouseinWarkworth,Ontario.Now,afteramelioratingit,thefirmthinksithassomethingmarketable.Theaircrafthas,nevertheless,changedlittleinitsfundamentalsovertheyears.Ithastwopairsofwingsandeightpropellers（螺旋桨）,makingitslightlyresembleasquashed“H”whenseenintheskyfrombelow.Andthereisnoundercarriage.Instead,itsbellyiscurvedinawaysimilartoahumpbackwhale’s,soitrockstostabilityafterlanding.Pilot’slicenceornot,buyerswillstillneedsometrainingtoflyaHelix.Pivotalinsistsonthis.Forthesamereason,thecraft’ssoftwarewillstopthepilotdoinganythingthatdoesnotfititssafetyrules.Andif,despitethis,somethingdoesgowrong,itisfittedwithaparachute（降落伞）.TheHelix’stopspeedisarespectable100kph,butitsrangeisonly30km.Andrefuelingitisabitofapain.Fillingupfromthemainstakesfourandahalfhours,thoughaspecialhigh-powersystemsimilartothoseemployedforelectriccarscanbringthatdownto75minutes.WhileHelixstilldoesn’tcomparetotheflyingcarfromtheJetsons,itcouldbeastepforward.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.HelixhasbeenusedinWarkworthwidely.B.Flyingcarswon’tbeallowedforpersonaluse.C.Lengwasthefirstpersontodesignflyingcars.D.Helixisonlysuitableforonepersontodrive.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ameliorating”inparagraph3’mean?A.Testing. B.Driving. C.Improving. D.Repairing.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Helix’srelativedevices. B.Helix’strainingprocess.C.Helix’ssafetymeasures. D.Helix’sworkingprinciple.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsHelix?A.Doubtful. B.Objective. C.Indifferent. D.Cautious.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家名为Pivotal的硅谷公司开发的电动垂直起降飞行器Helix，对其设计、特点、市场前景等方面进行了介绍。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Helixisasingle-seatvehicle,so“flyingmotorbike”mightbemoreaccurate.(Helix是一辆单座汽车，所以“会飞的摩托车”可能更准确。)”可知，Helix只适合一人驾驶。故选D。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“thefirmthinksithassomethingmarketable.(公司认为它有了市场)”可推测，在改进之后，公司认为它有了市场。划线单词ameliorating指的是“提高、改进”之意。选项A“Testing(测试)”；选项B“Driving(驾驶)”；选项C“Improving(改善)”；选项D“Repairing(修理)”。故选C。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Pilot’slicenseornot,buyerswillstillneedsometrainingtoflyaHelix.Pivotalinsistsonthis.Forthesamereason,thecraft’ssoftwarewillstopthepilotdoinganythingthatdoesnotfititssafetyrules.Andif,despitethis,somethingdoesgowrong,itisfittedwithaparachute（降落伞）.(无论是否有飞行员执照，买家仍然需要一些训练来驾驶螺旋。Pivotal坚持这一点。出于同样的原因，飞行器的软件会阻止飞行员做任何不符合安全规则的事情。尽管如此，如果出了什么问题，它还配备了降落伞。)”可知，文章第四段主要讲述的是Helix的安全措施。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“TheHelix’stopspeedisarespectable100kph,butitsrangeisonly30km.Andrefuelingitisabitofapain.Fillingupfromthemainstakesfourandahalfhours,thoughaspecialhigh-powersystemsimilartothoseemployedforelectriccarscanbringthatdownto75minutes.WhileHelixstilldoesn’tcomparetotheflyingcarfromtheJetsons,itcouldbeastepforward.(Helix的最高时速可达100公里，但续航里程只有30公里。加油是一件很痛苦的事。从主电源加满电需要四个半小时，不过一种类似于电动汽车的特殊大功率系统可以把这个时间缩短到75分钟。虽然Helix仍然无法与《杰森一家》中的飞行汽车相比，但它可能是向前迈出的一步。)”以及全文内容可知，作者在文章中客观地介绍了Helix的设计、特点、市场前景等方面，没有表达出明显的怀疑、冷漠或谨慎的态度。相反，作者通过提供技术细节和背景信息，帮助读者更好地理解和评估这款新型飞行器。因此，可以认为作者对于Helix的态度是客观的。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whilesocializingcomesnaturallyforsome,itcanbeastruggleforothers.Shynessisanormal,commonpersonalitytrait(特征).____16____.Ifyou’reoftenhesitanttoengageinsocialsituations,youmayinteractwiththosearoundyouinamorecomfortableway.Weoutlinefourstrategiesforovercomingshynessinlife.GetExcitedAboutANewAdventureYoumayhavebeenshymostofyourlife.____17____.Workingthroughshynessanddevelopingincreasedconfidencemayseemlikeadiscouragingtaskforyou,butviewingthejourneyasanexcitingadventuretopartsunknowncanbeexcitingand,inturn,mayboostyourself-esteem.PayAttentionToYourWords____18____.Talkingtoyourselfinanegativewaywhendescribingyourselfcandamageyourself-confidence.Considerreplacingphraseslike“Iamshy”with“Iamlearningtobemorecomfortable”insocialsituations.Thiscangoalongwaytowardmovingfromshynesstoconfidence.PracticeMindfulness(正念)Mindfulnessinvolvesdrawingyourattentiontothepresentandbeingawareofyourthoughts,feelings,andsurroundings.____19____.Inonestudy,participantsinamindfulnessprogramexperiencedanimprovedviewoftheirself-worth.TakeSmallStepsGettingstartedcanbethehardestpartoflearninghowtobemoresocialforthosewhoareshy.____20____.Youcanstartoutsmall.Trychattingwiththetelleratthebankorthepersonaheadofyouinthecheckoutline.Thiscanhelpyoubuildconfidenceandworkyourwayuptomoredifficultchallenges.A.Ifso,that’sapartofyouthatyou’reusedtoB.SometimesthebestpathtowardaddressingafearisexposureC.MindfulnesscanhelpreducesymptomsofsocialanxietydisorderD.TakingtimetotendtoyourappearancecanmakeabigdifferenceE.HowwecommunicateandcharacterizeourselvescanbepowerfulF.However,shynesscanmakeithardforpeopletoconnectwithothersandachievetheirgoalsG.Butengagingwithpeopledoesn’thavetobepracticedasanimportantworkpresentation【答案】16.F17.A18.E19.C20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了克服害羞的四个策略。【16题详解】上文“Shynessisanormal,commonpersonalitytrait(特征).(害羞是一种正常的、普遍的性格特征)”介绍害羞是一种正常的、普遍的性格特征，F项“However,shynesscanmakeithardforpeopletoconnectwithothersandachievetheirgoals(然而，害羞会使人们难以与他人交流，难以实现自己的目标)”承接上文，说明害羞可能带来的不良影响，与上文构成转折关系，进而引出下文“Weoutlinefourstrategiesforovercomingshynessinlife.(我们概述了克服生活中害羞的四种策略)”中克服害羞的策略，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。【17题详解】上文“Youmayhavebeenshymostofyourlife.(你可能一生中大部分时间都很害羞)”假设了一种情况：你可能一生中大部分时间都很害羞，A项“Ifso,that’sapartofyouthatyou’reusedto(如果是这样的话，那是你生活中已经习惯了的一部分)”再次强调害羞已经成为生活习惯，进而引出下文“viewingthejourneyasanexcitingadventuretopartsunknowncanbeexciting(把这段旅程看作是一场令人兴奋的冒险，去探索未知的地方，这是令人兴奋的)”中把克服害羞视为对习惯的挑战，视为一场冒险的表达，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。【18题详解】小标题“PayAttentionToYourWords(注意你的话语)”提出注意语言，E项“Howwecommunicateandcharacterizeourselvescanbepowerful(我们交流和描述自己的方式会很产生巨大影响)”说明了要注意话语的原因：我们交流和描述自己时选择的话语会产生巨大影响，下文“Talkingtoyourselfinanegativewaywhendescribingyourselfcandamageyourself-confidence.(在描述自己时用消极的方式会损害你的自信)”承接E项，对影响进行了具体地举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。【19题详解】根据小标题“PracticeMindfulness(正念)(修习正念)”和上文“Mindfulnessinvolvesdrawingyourattentiontothepresentandbeingawareofyourthoughts,feelings,andsurroundings.(正念包括把你的注意力集中到现在，意识到你的想法、感觉和周围的环境)”可知本段讲正念，C项“Mindfulnesscanhelpreducesymptomsofsocialanxietydisorder(正念可以帮助减轻社交焦虑障碍的症状)”承接上文，介绍正念的作用，上下文语意一致。故选C项。【20题详解】上文“Gettingstartedcanbethehardestpartoflearninghowtobemoresocialforthosewhoareshy.(对于那些害羞的人来说，如何开始可能是学习如何更合群的的最难的部分)”提出“开始”是最难的部分，G项“Butengagingwithpeopledoesn’thavetobepracticedasanimportantworkpresentation(但是，与人互动并不需要像重要的工作报告那样去练习)”承接上文，说明虽然很难，但也并不像练习工作报告那样正式，也没有那么难，进而引出下文的正确方法“Youcanstartoutsmall.(从小事做起，一步一步来)”。故选G项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Packingupmyluggage,Ifeltawaveoffear.Maybetomorrow’sflightwouldbe____21____andIdidn’thavetogoafterall—I____22____hoped.ItwasMay2022,andI’d____23____myjobinLondontobeginayear-longjourneyaroundtheworld.Ilovedtotravelandhadbeen____24____tovisitmanycountrieswithfriendsandfamily.Thistime,I’dbetravellingalone,whichwaspretty____25____forawomanwithadisability,thoughIhavelearntto____26____lifeinawheelchairsinceIwas7.Accessibilityisn’tmuchofa(n)____27____insomecountries,butmyfirst____28____onmysolotripwasBali.AlthoughI’densuredmyhotelwouldn’tbeaproblem,Icouldn’t____29____anyrisks.“Ifitdoesn’t____30____,youcanalwayscomehome.”myparents____31____me.ButIwasn’tgoingtogiveupwithouta____32____.InBali,thehotelwhereIstayedwas____33____byakindwomanwhomadesureIhad____34____totheshowerandanythingelseIneeded.Withherhelp,Imadeittoamountain____35____andsawmostoftheisland’ssights.As____36____,theviewfromthetopwasthrilling.AfterthatImadethetripupasIwent,stayinginacountryuntilIgot____37____andmovedontothenext.WhereverIwent,suchasAfricaandAsia,Iwasgreatlyimpressedbythe____38____ofstrangershelpingme.____39____,I’dvisitedatotalof66countriesonmyownbyFebruary2023.Now,I’mfully____40____thatadisabilitydoesn’thavetostopapersonfromgettingoutthereandseeingtheworld.21.A.arranged B.analysed C.booked D.cancelled22.A.curiously B.secretly C.doubtfully D.proudly23.A.promised B.proved C.found D.quit24.A.sensitive B.nervous C.fortunate D.unwilling25.A.disappointing B.frightening C.embarrassing D.exciting26.A.objectto B.compareto C.adaptto D.belongto27.A.issue B.experience C.demand D.benefit28.A.collection B.communication C.assumption D.destination29.A.rid B.update C.organize D.tolerate30.A.workout B.settledown C.comeout D.breakdown31.A.believed B.ignored C.helped D.comforted32.A.strategy B.reward C.fight D.support33.A.challenged B.run C.damaged D.suspected34.A.access B.response C.reference D.addiction35.A.village B.range C.peak D.stream36.A.prepared B.explained C.required D.predicted37.A.fascinated B.bored C.accustomed D.amused38.A.cruelty B.stubbornness C.kindness D.selfishness39.A.Tostartwith B.Fromthenon C.Nowandthen D.Soonerorlater40.A.convinced B.guessed C.worried D.questioned【答案】21.D22.B23.D24.C25.B26.C27.A28.D29.A30.A31.D32.C33.B34.A35.C36.D37.B38.C39.B40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了自己作为残疾人独自旅行的故事和感受。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许明天的航班会取消，这样我就不用去了——我暗自希望。A.arranged安排；B.analysed分析；C.booked预定；D.cancelled取消。根据前文的“Ifeltawaveoffear”和后文的“Ididn’thavetogoafterall—I2hoped.”可知，作者害怕去，所以希望明天的航班会被取消。故选D项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许明天的航班会取消，这样我就不用去了——我暗自希望。A.curiously好奇地；B.secretly暗自感觉地；C.doubtfully怀疑地；D.proudly骄傲地。根据前文的“Maybetomorrow’sflightwouldbe1andIdidn’thavetogo”可知，也许明天的航班会取消，这样就不用去了，这是作者暗自希望的。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是2022年5月，我辞去了在伦敦的工作，开始了为期一年的环球旅行。A.promised答应；B.proved证明；C.found发现；D.quit离开（工作职位、学校等）。根据后文的“tobeginayear-longjourneyaroundtheworld”可知，作者开始了为期一年的环球旅行，可推测出作者辞去了在伦敦的工作。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢旅行，并有幸与朋友和家人一起访问了许多国家。A.sensitive敏感的；B.nervous紧张的；C.fortunate幸运的；D.unwilling不情愿的。根据前文的“Ilovedtotravel”和后文“visitmanycountrieswithfriendsandfamily”可知，作者喜欢旅行，与朋友和家人一起访问了许多国家，所以作者认为这是幸运的。故选C项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一次，我将独自旅行，这对一个有残疾的女人来说是相当可怕的，尽管我从7岁起就学会了适应轮椅的生活。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.frightening可怕的；C.embarrassing令人尴尬的；D.exciting令人兴奋的。根据前文的“I’dbetravellingalone”和后文“forawomanwithadisability”可知，对一个有残疾的女人来说独自旅行是相当可怕的。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这一次，我将独自旅行，这对一个有残疾的女人来说是相当可怕的，尽管我从7岁起就学会了适应轮椅的生活。A.objectto反对；B.compareto与……相比；C.adaptto适应；D.belongto属于。根据后文的“lifeinawheelchairsinceIwas7”可知，从7岁起作者就学会了适应轮椅的生活。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一些国家，交通便利性不是什么大问题，但我独自旅行的第一个目的地是巴厘岛。A.issue问题；B.experience经验；C.demand需求；D.benefit利益。根据前文的“Accessibilityisn’tmuchofa(n)”可知，无障碍在一些国家不是什么大问题。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一些国家，交通便利性不是什么大问题，但我独自旅行的第一个目的地是巴厘岛。A