2024届辽宁省沈阳市高三上学期一模英语试题（解析版）

2024年沈阳市高中三年级教学质量监测(一)英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。3.考试结束后，考生将答题卡交回。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Havingascientificresearch.B.Performingatypeofmusic.C.Doinghishomework.2.Whatdoesthewomanexpectthemantodo?A.Cookamealforher.B.Getherashoulderbag.C.Contacthermother.3.WhatdoesBrucedecidetodo?A.Constructhishouse.B.Startafactory.C.Workforacompany.4.Whydidthewomancontactthemanthismorning?A.Todiscussanewcommercial.B.Toinformhimofameeting.C.Toinvitehimtoacoffeeshop.5.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Ajob.B.Theman’sfamily.C.Ascholarship.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whendidthewomanlastgotoamusicfestival?A.Oneyearago.B.Twoyearsago.C.Threeyearsago.7.Whichpatternmightthewomanpaintonherface?A.Thesun.B.Theflower.C.Thecloud.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howmanystepsatleastadaydoesthenewstudyrecommend?A.10-000.B.6,000.C.4,000.9.WhatdoesDr.SethShayMartinadvisepeopletodo?A.Walkmoretothebestoftheirabilities.B.Sticktoafixedgoalinaperiodoftime.C.Learnthescientificwayofwalking.10.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthesubjectsofthenewstudy?A.TheywerealladultsfromtheUnitedStates.B.Theywereinvolvedinthestudyforseveralyears.C.Noneofthemhadanyheartproblems.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatwasthemandoingbeforetheconversation?A.Takinganap.B.Observingabridge.C.Makingaphonecall.12.Whichofthefollowingfirstattractedthewoman’sattention?A.Theman’sbluehat.B.Theman’searphones.C.Theman’sclothes.13.Whatdoesthewomanmeanintheend?A.Hergrandfatherseldomwearsasmile.B.Hergrandfather’scatchoffishisn’tideal.C.Hergrandfatherhasaprofessionalcamera.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatisthemanmainlydoing?A.Helpingthewomanpackabag.B.Givingthewomansomeadvice.C.Planninghiscampingtrip.15.Whatdoesthemanmentioninparticular?A.Aknife.B.Aflashlight.C.Arainjacket.16.WhichwordbestdescribesthenightsatMountRainierNationalPark?A.Peaceful.B.Dangerous.C.Busy.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whereislab-grownchickenmeatfirstserved?A.InSingapore.B.IntheUS.C.InCanada.18.Whatfactorofanimalcellsisconsideredbyexperts?A.Thestrongandsweetflavor.B.Theshortgrowingperiod.C.Thehighnutritionalvalue.19.Whatdoweknowaboutlab-grownchickenmeat?A.Ittasteslikeplant-basedmeat.B.Itfailstointerestmanypeople.C.Itvariesconsiderablyfromactualmeat.20.Whatdothecompaniessayaboutmakinglab-grownchickenmeatintheend?A.Itimprovesanimalwelfare.B.It’sgoodfortheenvironment.C.Itscostshouldbereduced.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AVirtualCareerFairforTeachersandK-12StaffStilllookingforagreatjob?AttendtheVirtualCareerFaironThursday,June6.You’llfindemployersfromacrossthecountryreadytomeetyouvirtuallyandhireyourightnow.Jumpstartyoursearchinanhourorlesstofindtheperfectpositionforthe2024—25schoolyear.Sign-upiseasyandfree.Sinceteachersandstaffareinsuchhighdemand,thereisabonusforyoutoattendthisevent.Fiveattendeeswhovisitatleast2recruiters(招聘官)willbechosenatrandomtoreceivea$100Amazongiftcard.Note:ThiseventisNOTforthoseseekingvisasponsorship.Here’swhatyoucanexpect:·Chatdirectlywithrecruiterswhoareactivelyhiringusingtextorvideo.·Hundredsofjobsforteachers,supportstaffandprincipals.·Widevarietiesoforganizations—largeurbandistricts,charterschools,virtualschools,andmore.·Fastprogressonyourjobsearch.Asmallinvestmentofyourtimewillyieldquickresults.Accessfromanydevice.Useyourcomputer,phone,ortablet.Reviewtheparticipatingschooldistrictsandcompanies,andsignupnowtoattendtheVirtualCareerFaironJune6,between2p.m.and6p.m.ET(11a.m.-3p.m.PT).Itwillonlytakeyou4minutestoregister,soclicktheredREGISTERbuttonanddoitnow.1.WhomightbeinterestedintheVirtualCareerFair?A.AgraduatemajoringinEducation. B.Awomanseekingvisasponsorship.C.Amanagerlookingforinvestment. D.Ateacherinneedofschoolsupplies.2.WhatcanyouanticipatefromtheVirtualCareerFair?A.Aguaranteedjoboffer. B.Aface-to-faceinterview.CFive$100Amazongiftcards. D.Directcommunicationwithrecruiters.3.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Awebsite. B.Anewspaper. C.Amagazine. D.Atextbook.【答案】1.A2.D3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了教师和K-12员工的虚拟招聘会的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Sinceteachersandstaffareinsuchhighdemand,thereisabonusforyoutoattendthisevent.(由于对教师和工作人员的需求如此之高，参加这次活动对你来说是额外的奖励。)”可知，教育学专业毕业生会对虚拟招聘会感兴趣。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Here’swhatyoucanexpect部分中“·Chatdirectlywithrecruiterswhoareactivelyhiringusingtextorvideo.(·直接与正在积极招聘的招聘人员用文字或视频聊天)”可知，你可以在虚拟招聘会与招聘人员直接沟通。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Itwillonlytakeyou4minutestoregister,soclicktheredREGISTERbuttonanddoitnow.(它只需要你4分钟注册，所以点击红色注册按钮，现在就去做)”可推知，文章选自网址。故选A。BInmywholelifeIwasfrightenedbydoctors.SowhenIrecentlylaunchedaseriesofwritingandpublishingcourses,Iwasshockedtofindamongmystudentsseveralphysicians,thesameprofessionasmyfather.Andtheyallwantedtobewriters.Wheneversomeonementionedtheirmedicalbackground,I’dthink:IhavetocallDadtotellhim,butIcouldn’t.RaisedupinabigMichiganfamilywiththreebrilliantloudsciencebrainbrothers,I’dalwaysfeltleftoutbytheirDiseaseGameatdinner,whereDadthrewoutcasesforthemtodiagnose.Ourhousewastheirlaboratory.Iwasfrequentlyscaredbybeesinjarsintherefrigeratorandpetrats.GettingtostudymedicinewasalwaysDad’sdream,soheencouragedtheboystofollowinhisfootsteps.ButInevertrulysettleddown,chasingmydreamforliteraryhereandthere.Myfatheropposedmyliberalism.IwasoverjoyedwhenRandomHousepublishedmyhumorousmemoirs(回忆录)aboutmypastaddictions.Myfatherwasn’tsojoyful.“You’rebringingdisgraceonourfamily,”hesnapped.At87,whenmyfatherwasadmittedtohospitalwithheartandkidneyfailure,wehadarareafternoonalone.Sittingbyhisbed,Iapologizedfortakingsolongtofigureoutmylife.“Ihavealotofregrets,”hesaid,“Ittookmetoolongtomakeadecentliving,screwingupjobsbecauseofmybullheadednessandbigmouth.”IwasnervouswhenhisphysicianOlafemailedme,butitwasn’tbadnews.“Yourdadsaysyou’reaprofessorwhohelpspeoplepublish.Couldyouhelpme?”heasked.“WhatdidyoutellOlafaboutme?”IquestionedDadthatnight,stillsurprised.“Thatyoustucktoyourgunsandbecameasuccess,”hesaid.“Whydidn’tyouevertellmethat?”“I’mtellingyounow,”hesaid.HewaspleasedwhenIhelpedOlafpublishhisfirstmagazinepiece.IwishDadwereheresoIcouldsharethelateststoriesbymyphysicianstudents.ButIlosthimfouryearsago.Inaway,hestillis,asIchanneleverythinghetaughtmeabouthardwork,andnevergivingupdoingwhatyoulove.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sbrothers?A.Theyusedtomakeloudnoise. B.Theywereaddictedtoplayinggames.C.Theywereinterestedinmedicine. D.Theydistancedtheauthoronpurpose.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“screwingup”probablymean?A.Takingover. B.Focusingon. C.Contributingto. D.Messingup.6.WhydidDadrecommendtheauthortoOlaf?A.TohelpOlafpublisharticles. B.Todiscusshisphysicalcondition.C.Topromotetheauthor’scourses. D.Tosharetheauthor’smemoirs.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’sdad?A.Enthusiasticbutdishonest. B.Modestbutdemanding.C.Conservativebutloving. D.Helpfulbutselfish.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲鼓励孩子学医，而作者却到处追逐文学梦想，父亲对此感到不高兴。但最后仍然选择支持作者。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“RaisedupinabigMichiganfamilywiththreebrilliantloudsciencebrainbrothers,I’dalwaysfeltleftoutbytheirDiseaseGameatdinner,whereDadthrewoutcasesforthemtodiagnose.(我在密歇根的一个大家庭中长大，有三个才华横溢的科学头脑兄弟，他们在晚餐时玩疾病游戏，爸爸把病例扔给他们诊断，我总觉得自己被冷落了)”以及第三段“GettingtostudymedicinewasalwaysDad’sdream,soheencouragedtheboystofollowinhisfootsteps.(学医一直是爸爸的梦想，所以他鼓励孩子们追随他的脚步)”可知，作者的兄弟们对医学感兴趣。故选C。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Ittookmetoolongtomakeadecentliving”以及后文“becauseofmybullheadednessandbigmouth”可知，父亲自己花了太长时间才过上体面的生活，因为自己顽固和大嘴巴，把工作搞砸了。故划线词意思是“搞砸”。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“HewaspleasedwhenIhelpedOlafpublishhisfirstmagazinepiece.(当我帮助奥拉夫在杂志上发表第一篇文章时，他很高兴)”可知，爸爸为把作者推荐给奥拉夫是为了帮助奥拉夫发表文章。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“GettingtostudymedicinewasalwaysDad’sdream,soheencouragedtheboystofollowinhisfootsteps.ButInevertrulysettleddown,chasingmydreamforliteraryhereandthere.Myfatheropposedmyliberalism.(学医一直是爸爸的梦想，所以他鼓励孩子们追随他的脚步。但我从来没有真正安定下来，到处追逐我的文学梦想。我父亲反对我的自由主义)”以及倒数第二段“HewaspleasedwhenIhelpedOlafpublishhisfirstmagazinepiece.(当我帮助奥拉夫在杂志上发表第一篇文章时，他很高兴)”可推知，作者的父亲保守但对自己的孩子充满了爱心。故选C。CParrotsconsistentlytopthechartsoftheworld’ssmartestanimals.AnewdiscoverypublishedbytheRoyalSocietyOpenSciencerevealstouswhatsetstheintelligentindividualmonkparakeet(和尚鹦鹉)apartinagroup.Previously,itwasthoughtthatthesebirdsintroducedthemselvestootherswithasortof“catchphrase”thatdistinguishedtheiridentity.However,afterrunningthevocalizations(发声)collectedinthisstudythroughamachinelearningprogram,ateamledbySimeonSmeele,adoctoralstudentatAarhusUniversityinDenmark,foundthatthebirdsactuallyhad“voiceprints”likehumansthatidentifythemselvesinthegroup.TheresearchersstudiedthousandsofmonkparakeetvocalizationsfromhundredsofbirdsinBarcelonaacrosstwoyearsandrantheserecordingsthroughtheprogramthatidentifiessmalldifferencesintheircalls.“Thevoiceprintistheunderlyingqualityofavoicethatyoucanrecognizeinhumans,andthisisthefirsttimethathasbeenshowninanothervocallearner,”Smeelesaid.Forexample,thevoiceprintofyourfatherishowyouknowit’shisvoice,evenifheisn’tpresent.“ThisiswhatIthinkcouldexplainhowtheyrecognizeeachother,becauseitcanbestableoververylongperiodsoftime.”headded.“Thisshowsthatthesebirdsalsohavethatsortofinformationthattheymightbeusingintheircomplicatedsocialinteractions,”saidEmilyDuVal,Ph.D.,abehavioralecologistatFloridaStateUniversity.“Researchintoanimalcommunicationhasthepotentialtomotivatethepublicintoactiontoconserveanimals.Recognizingwhoeachotherisandunderstandinghowtheyinteractwithoneanotherareimportantforhumanlife,”shesaid.Thismodelcanpotentiallybeappliedtootheranimalswithvocalrecognitionlikebottlenosedolphins,batsandelephants.Futureresearchwilllookintowhetherthesevoiceprintsarerecognizedbyallparakeetsinthecommunityoronlyacircleofcloserelatives.8.Whathelpsthemonkparakeetsrecognizeeachother?A.Thecatchphrase. B.Theintelligence.C.Thevoiceprint. D.Thecommunication.9.Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Bycombining“catchphrase”with“voiceprints”.BBykeepingtrackofthemonkparakeets’relatives.C.Bycollectingvocalizationsandidentifyingtheirdifferences.D.Bycomparinghumans’voiceprintswithmonkparakeets’.10.Whatwillthefuturestudyfocuson?A.Theinformationthatvoiceprintscanexpress.B.Thepotentialinfluencethatvoiceprintscanbring.C.Theanimalsamongwhichvoiceprintsareidentified.D.Therangewhereparakeets’voiceprintsarerecognized.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MonkParakeetsAreGreatVocalLearnersB.MonkParakeetsResembleHumansinCommunicationC.“Voiceprints”AreFoundinAnimals’SocialInteractionsD.“Voiceprints”HelpMonkParakeetsIdentifyThemselves【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新发现——和尚鹦鹉有与人类一样的“声纹”，可以在群体中识别彼此。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“However,afterrunningthevocalizations(发声)collectedinthisstudythroughamachinelearningprogram,ateamledbySimeonSmeele,adoctoralstudentatAarhusUniversityinDenmark,foundthatthebirdsactuallyhad“voiceprints”likehumansthatidentifythemselvesinthegroup.(然而，丹麦奥胡斯大学博士生SimeonSmeele领导的一个团队通过机器学习程序运行了这项研究中收集的发声后，发现这些鸟实际上有与人类一样的“声纹”，可以在群体中识别彼此)”可知，声纹有助于和尚鹦鹉相互识别。故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“afterrunningthevocalizations(发声)collectedinthisstudythroughamachinelearningprogram(通过机器学习程序运行本研究中收集的发声后)

”及第三段“TheresearchersstudiedthousandsofmonkparakeetvocalizationsfromhundredsofbirdsinBarcelonaacrosstwoyearsandrantheserecordingsthroughtheprogramthatidentifiessmalldifferencesintheircalls.(研究人员在两年的时间里研究了巴塞罗那数百只长尾小鹦鹉的数千种叫声，并通过识别它们叫声微小差异的程序运行了这些记录)”可推知，研究人员通过收集声音并识别它们的差异来进行这项研究。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Futureresearchwilllookintowhetherthesevoiceprintsarerecognizedbyallparakeetsinthecommunityoronlyacircleofcloserelatives.(未来研究将着眼于这些声纹是被社区中的所有长尾小鹦鹉识别，还是只被一圈近亲识别)”可知，未来的研究将集中在识别长尾小鹦鹉声纹的范围上。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“However,afterrunningthevocalizations(发声)collectedinthisstudythroughamachinelearningprogram,ateamledbySimeonSmeele,adoctoralstudentatAarhusUniversityinDenmark,foundthatthebirdsactuallyhad“voiceprints”likehumansthatidentifythemselvesinthegroup.(然而，丹麦奥胡斯大学博士生SimeonSmeele领导的一个团队通过机器学习程序运行了这项研究中收集的发声后，发现这些鸟实际上有与人类一样的“声纹”，可以在群体中识别彼此)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，和尚鹦鹉有与人类一样的“声纹”，可以在群体中识别彼此。由此可知，D项“Voiceprints”HelpMonkParakeetsIdentifyThemselves(“声纹”可以帮助和尚鹦鹉确定自己的身份)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D项。DTwonewcommunityinitiativesofferingtheopportunitytoborroweverythingfromsewingmachinestopartysuppliesareaimingtoreducewasteandconsumption.ToolsnThingsLibraryinLeederville,Perthisacommunitylibrarydesignedtoallowcommunitymemberstogetaccesstothethingstheymightneedaroundthehouseinsteadofbuyingtheminahardware(五金店)store.“That’sourphilosophy—don’tbuy,borrow.Manypeoplebuythingsjustforasmalltaskathome,andthentheywon’tusethemforacoupleofyears,”libraryvolunteerRexBrehenysaid.Theprojectisrunbyvolunteerswhofoundeditin2019,andafteraninterruptionin2020becauseofthepandemic(大流行病),ithasnowgrowntoseveralhundredmemberswhocancomeandborrowthingstwiceaweek.Inawayitisareturntoanoldtraditionofneighborsborrowingeachother’stoolsandformingconnectionsintheprocess.ToolsnThingsLibraryisthefirstofitskindinPerth,andanothercalledShareShedhasjuststartedinBassendean.Itsco-founderReneeMcLennansaidtheywantedtoexpandbeyondtoolstoallsortsofthingsthatpeoplemightuserarely,likecampingequipmentorentertainingneeds.“We’redoingthekindofequipmentyou’duseforaparty.Insteadofeverybodybuyingdisposableplates,andcupsandthingslikethat,we’vegotqualityglassesandcutlery(餐具),aswellasdecorationsthatpeoplecanuseforthoseeventsthattheymighthaveonceayear,”shesaid.TheShareShedisbeingconsideredasawaytotackleconsumerculture.Theworldcannotcontinuetosupportourcurrentlevelofresourceconsumption—atpresentoverconsumptionmeansthateachyearweconsume75percentmorethantheplanetcanregenerate.“Borrowingitemsandshiftingourthinkingfromanownershiptoanaccessmodelhelpstoreducethenumberofthingsthatareproducedandlimitswaste.Atthesametime,sharingthethingsthatweuseeverynowandthenisagreatwayofconnectingwithpeoplewholivelocally,”BodAnderson,anofficerinPerthsaid.12.Whyweretheinitiativeslaunched?A.Tointroducetwonewcommunities.B.Toadvocateconsumingfewerresources.C.Tocallonpeopletofightagainstpandemic.D.Toencouragepeopletoborrowdailynecessities.13.WhatdoweknowabouttheprojectofToolsnThingsLibrary?A.Itisoutofuse. B.Itiswellreceived.C.Itisoutoffashion. D.Itisofteninterrupted.14.What’sanadvantageofShareShedoverToolsnThingsLibrary?A.Wideroptions. B.Betterquality.C.Longerduration. D.Newerequipment.15.What’sBobAnderson’sattitudetotheinitiatives?A.Doubtful. B.Supportive. C.Critical. D.Objective.【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两个组织ToolsnThingsLibrary和ShareShed通过给人们提供借东西而不是买的方式来减少资源的浪费和消耗。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Twonewcommunityinitiativesofferingtheopportunitytoborroweverythingfromsewingmachinestopartysuppliesareaimingtoreducewasteandconsumption.(两项新的社区倡议提供了从缝纫机到聚会用品的一切借用机会，旨在减少浪费和消耗。)”可知，倡议的目的是减少资源消耗。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Theprojectisrunbyvolunteerswhofoundeditin2019,andafteraninterruptionin2020becauseofthepandemic(大流行病),ithasnowgrowntoseveralhundredmemberswhocancomeandborrowthingstwiceaweek.Inawayitisareturntoanoldtraditionofneighborsborrowingeachother’stoolsandformingconnectionsintheprocess.(该项目由2019年成立的志愿者运营，在2020年因疫情中断后，现在已经发展到数百名成员，他们可以每周来借两次东西。在某种程度上，这是对邻居相互借用工具并在此过程中形成联系的古老传统的回归。)”可以推论出，ToolsnThingsLibrary这一项目很受欢迎。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的句子“ToolsnThingsLibraryisthefirstofitskindinPerth,andanothercalledShareShedhasjuststartedinBassendean.Itsco-founderReneeMcLennansaidtheywantedtoexpandbeyondtoolstoallsortsofthingsthatpeoplemightuserarely,likecampingequipmentorentertainingneeds.(ToolsnThings图书馆是珀斯的第一家此类图书馆，而另一家名为ShareShed的图书馆刚刚在巴森丹成立。该公司联合创始人蕾妮·麦克伦南(ReneeMcLennan)表示，他们希望将产品从工具扩展到人们可能很少使用的各种东西，比如露营设备或娱乐需求。）”可知，ShareShed比ToolsnThings拥有更多的选择。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Borrowingitemsandshiftingourthinkingfromanownershiptoanaccessmodelhelpstoreducethenumberofthingsthatareproducedandlimitswaste.Atthesametime,sharingthethingsthatweuseeverynowandthenisagreatwayofconnectingwithpeoplewholivelocally,’BodAnderson,anofficerinPerthsaid.(借用物品，将我们的思维从所有权模式转变为使用权模式，有助于减少生产的物品数量，限制浪费。与此同时，分享我们经常使用的东西是与当地居民联系的好方法，’珀斯的一名官员BodAnderson说。)”可知，BodAnderson对于这些倡议是支持的。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenitcomestostudying,mostofusbankonbeingabletofocusonoursubjectlikeashooteronhismissiontarget.Itiswhenweactuallysitdowntostudythatourmindsbegintoslipaway.Thisisbecausefocusislikeamuscle.Unlessyoubuildit,you’llbedistractedbyeverything!____16____.●Makeato-dolistSometimesthesimpleactofwritingdowneverythingthat’sonyourplatemakesitmoremanageable.Yougetitoutofyourworkingmemory,soit’snolongerpartofthefree-floatinganxietycloudaroundyou.____17____.Onceit’soutofyourhead,itwon’tdistractyou.●Meditate(冥想)____18____.Justbreathein,breatheout.Trythisforfivetofifteenminuteseachday.Asyougetintothispractice,mostfindtheirmindsareinfactanincrediblynoisyanddistractingplace.Loadsofideasarealwayspoppingup.Thisisnormal,though.Therealvalueisinnoticingeverytimeyourmindwanders,youbringyourattentionback.●ListenFocusedlisteningisalifeskill,onethatcanbeappliedinmanyareas.____19____.Whenyoudothis,you’lldiscoverthatdeeplisteningisHARDWORKandrequiresbrainpower.●ReaddifficultworksReadlong-formpiecesofworkataslow,deliberatepace.Readingdifficultmaterialsuccessfullyrequiresrealconcentrationanddetermination,andyourwillpowerwillgrowaccordingly.Focusisaskillyoucannurtureinyourself.____20____.Themoreyouworkonit,themorefocusedyouwillstay.A.Youcancrossthingsout,onebyoneB.Doingitisn’tsupposedtobenecessaryC.Ittakeseffort,buttheresultsarewellworthitD.OnesimplepracticeistofocusonyourbreathingE.Let’sseewhatyoucandotobuildyourfocuspowerF.You’llbephysicallystrongifyoucanpowerupyourfocusG.It’simportanttodoyourlisteningactivelyandsingle-mindedly【答案】16.E17.A18.D19.G20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述培养专注力的几种方法。【16题详解】上文“Thisisbecausefocusislikeamuscle.Unlessyoubuildit,you’llbedistractedbyeverything!(这是因为专注就像肌肉一样。除非你锻炼它，否则你会被所有事情分散注意力！)”说明专注力需要培养。结合下面四个小标题可知，空处引出培养专注力的方法。E项“Let’sseewhatyoucandotobuildyourfocuspower(让我们看看你能做些什么来培养你的专注力)”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选E。【17题详解】根据该部分的小标题“Makeato-dolist(列一个待办事项清单)”和上文“Yougetitoutofyourworkingmemory,soit’snolongerpartofthefree-floatinganxietycloudaroundyou.(你把它从你的工作记忆中清除了，所以它不再是你周围自由漂浮的焦虑云的一部分)”可知，该段主要讲述的方法是，制定计划，然后一件件去完成，就是在清除干扰。A项“Youcancrossthingsout,onebyone(你可以一个一个划掉)”承接上文，并且引出下文“Onceit’soutofyourhead,itwon’tdistractyou.(一旦它离开了你的大脑，它就不会分散你的注意力)”，说明将列出的待办事项一件件完成就是在消除焦虑，使其不再分散你的注意力。故选A。【18题详解】该部分小标题为“Meditate(冥想)”说明该段主要讲述冥想有助于培养专注力，且下文“Justbreathein,breatheout.Trythisforfivetofifteenminuteseachday.(吸气，呼气。每天尝试5到15分钟)”讲到呼吸方法，空处也应该和呼吸有关，D项“Onesimplepracticeistofocusonyourbreathing(一个简单的练习就是专注于你的呼吸)”呼应小标题，引出下文，符合语境。故选D。【19题详解】该部分讲到的方法是“Listen(倾听)”，且上文讲到“Focusedlisteningisalifeskill,onethatcanbeappliedinmanyareas.(专注倾听是一项生活技能，可以应用于许多领域)”，说明倾听也有助于培养专注力，G项“It’simportanttodoyourlisteningactivelyandsingle-mindedly(积极、一心一意地倾听是很重要的)”呼应小标题，衔接上文，引出下文“Whenyoudothis,you’lldiscoverthatdeeplisteningisHARDWORKandrequiresbrainpower.(当你这样做的时候，你会发现深度倾听是一项艰苦的工作，需要脑力)”，其中this就指“todoyourlisteningactivelyandsingle-mindedly”。故选G项。【20题详解】上文“Focusisaskillyoucannurtureinyourself.(专注是一种你可以自己培养的技能)”说明专注力可以通过培养获得，下文“Themoreyouworkonit,themorefocusedyouwillstay.(你做得越多，你就会越专注)”说明专注力越培养越有效。C项“Ittakeseffort,buttheresultsarewellworthit(这需要努力，但结果是值得的)”说明为培养专注力做出的努力会有回报，承上启下，符合语境。故选C。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhileenjoyingmyfreshlunchinarestaurantinAmsterdam,Inoticedsomethingodd.Customerscominginforsomethingtoeatignoredthepersonstandingbehindthecounter(柜台),preferringto____21____throughasmartphone.Whatwasthecrazythingaboutthis?Theywerejustseveral____22____apart!Infact,theyweresoclosethatthestaffmembertookaquick____23____athisscreentogetaheadstartonpickingtherightvegetables—allwithoutanywords____24____.Now,Igetit:Moderntechnologyallowsustobemore____25____,butImightbewitnessingsomethingdeeper:weprefernottotalktoeachotheranymore.Thinkaboutitforamoment.Whenwasthelasttimeyounaturally___26___aconversationwithsomebodyyoudidn’tknow?Thechancesarethatyoudon’teven____27____!Likelyeitheryouortheotherpersonwas“busy”withotherthingslike____28____withasmartphone.Now,withthe____29____ofdigitaltechnologies,onecan’thelpbutpaythe____30____formodernefficiency:ourabilitytotalktostrangers.Weshop,____31____ahotel,ororderataxi,allviaanapp.____32____withrandomstrangersisbecomingrarerandrarer.Yettherearesurprising____33____ofhavingevenashortandsimpleconversationwithstrangers.Youmightlearnsomething____34____,andbeyonddoubt,ithasthepowertoenrichyourunderstandingofothersand____35____aspecialbondinourmodernworld.21.A.talk B.call C.order D.deliver22.A.meters B.millimeters C.kilometers D.centimeters23.A.chance B.turn C.look D.test24.A.spoken B.written C.typed D.mentioned25.A.efficient B.enthusiastic C.effective D.energetic26.A.endedup B.engagedin C.madeup D.wenton27.A.hear B.believe C.remember D.understand28.A.recording B.studying C.playing D.calculating29.A.idea B.aim C.problem D.rise30.A.cash B.price C.debt D.tax31.A.decorate B.book C.build D.repair32.A.Contact B.Work C.Quarrel D.Reunion33.A.interests B.benefits C.disadvantages D.influences34.A.unrealistic B.unsuitable C.unreasonable D.unexpected35.A.servesas B.refersto C.accountsfor D.consistsof【答案】21.C22.D23.C24.A25.A26.B27.C28.C29.D30.B31.B32.A33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了随着数字技术的兴起，人们通过手机来完成生活中的各种事情，从而失去了和陌生人说话的能力。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：来吃东西的顾客忽略了站在柜台后面的人，他们更喜欢通过智能手机点餐。A.talk谈话；B.call呼叫；C.order预定；D.deliver传送。根据下文“throughasmartphone”可知，在餐馆中顾客是通过智能手机点餐。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们只相距几厘米！A.meters米；B.millimeters毫米；C.kilometers千米；D.centimeters厘米。根据下文“theyweresoclosethatthestaffmembertookaquick___3____athisscreentogetaheadstartonpickingtherightvegetables”可知，工作人员能看到顾客的手机屏幕，故他们相距只有几厘米远。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们离得太近了，以至于工作人员快速看了一眼屏幕，就可以抢先一步挑选合适的蔬菜——所有这些都没有说话。A.chance机会；B.turn转动；C.look看；D.test测验。根据上文“theyweresoclose”及下文“athisscreen”可知，工作人员可以看到顾客的手机屏幕。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们离得太近了，以至于工作人员快速看了一眼屏幕，就可以抢先一步挑选合适的蔬菜——所有这些都没有说话。A.spoken说；B.written写；C.typed打字；D.mentioned提到。根据下文“weprefernottotalktoeachotheranymore.”可知，这一切是在一句话也没有说的情况下进行的。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我明白了：现代技术让我们更有效率，但我可能看到了更深层次的东西：我们更喜欢不再与人交谈。A.efficient高效的；B.enthusiastic热情的；C.effective有效的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据下文“onecan’thelpbutpaythe____10____formodernefficiency”可知，现代技术使我们更加高效。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你上一次自然地与一个你不认识的人交谈是什么时候？A.endedup最终；B.engagedin从事，参与；C.madeup组成；D.wenton继续。根据上文“weprefernottotalktoeachotheranymore.”可知，这里是说上一次和陌生人进行交谈的时候。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很可能你都不记得了！A.hear听；B.believe相信；C.remember记得；D.understand理解。根据上文“Whenwasthelasttime”可知，这里是指你不记得上次和陌生人说话是什么时候了。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很可能你或对方都在忙于其他事情，比如玩智能手机。A.recording录音；B.studying研究；C.playing玩；D.calculating计算。根据上文“busy”和下文的“withasmartphone”可知，人们在忙着玩手机。故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，随着数字技术的兴起，人们不禁要为现代效率付出代价：我们与陌生人交谈的能力。A.idea想法；B.aim目标；C.problem问题；D.rise兴起，提高。根据下文“modernefficiency”可知，正是随着数字技术的兴起，人们的现代效率得以提高。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，随着数字技术的兴起，人们不禁要为现代效率付出代价：我们与陌生人交谈的能力。A.cash现金；B.price代价；C.debt债务；D.tax税。pay

the

price

for“为……付出代价”为固定短语。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们通过应用程序购物、预订酒店或叫出租车。A.decorate装饰；B.book预定；C.build构建；D.repair修理。根据下文“allviaanapp”可知，我们通过应用程序预订酒店。故选B项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：与随意的陌生人接触越来越少。A.Contact接触；B.Work工作；C.Quarrel争吵；D.Reunion重聚。根据上文“Weshop,__11__ahotel,ororderataxi,allviaanapp.”可知，人们通过手机完成生活中的各种事情，故和陌生人的接触少了。故选A项。33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，与陌生人进行简短的交谈也有令人惊奇的好处。A.interests利益；B.benef