定语从句复习（知识讲解+高考必考题型练习）（原卷版）

定语从句复习

目录

♦考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢

,重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺

难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升

学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破

»核心考点聚焦

1、关系代词引导的定语从句

2、关系副词引导的定语从句

3、非限制性定语从句

4、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

»高考考点聚焦

概念：在全句中作定语的从句

先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词

关系词：引导定语从句的词。分为：关系代词、关系副词。它有三个作用：1.引导定语从句2.代表先行词3.

在从句中作句子成分

考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词先行词在从句中的作用

who人主语、宾语

whom人宾语

which物主语、宾语

that人或物主语、宾语、表语、状语

whose人或物定语

as人或物主语、宾语、表语

先行词是all,few,little,much,something,anything,nothing

关系代词that等不定代词时

只用that

和which的用先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame，all等修饰时

的情况

法区别先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰

先行词既有人又有物时

只用which引导非限制性定语从句时

的关系代词指物，且前有介词时情况

as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中、后，as常译为“正如……，正

关系代词as和像从句的谓语动词多为see,know,expect,say,mention,report等

which

which引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时，只能置于主句后，常译为

的区别

“这一点，这件事”等，Which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系

Thelittleproblemsthatwemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.

Ilivenextdoortoacouplewhosechildrenoftenmakealotofnoise.

ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership,whichshowsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwantto

learnaboutChina.

考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词先行词在从句中的作用

when时间名词时间状语

地点名词或抽象名词(situation,point,

where地点状语

activity,case,stage等)

whythereason原因状语

Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,whentheweathermaybebetter.

Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitieswheretheycangainexperienceforgrowth.

Doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingyesterday?

考点三：非限制性定语从句

1.非限制性定语从句三个特点：对先行词起补充说明作用；用逗号与主句分开；不可由that引导。

YesterdayImetLiPing,whoseemedtobeverybusy.(昨天我遇到了李萍，她看起来很忙。)

Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturday.

2.which引导的非限制性定语从句既可修饰名词或代词，也可修饰整个句子。

Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallthepeoplepresent.

（一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语，这令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。）

3.在非限制性定语从句中，还可把all,some,most,none或both加上ofwhich或ofwhom来修饰或限定先

行词。

e.g.Helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.

（他深深地爱着他的父母，他们对他非常好。）

4.As引导的定语从句

1）限制性：在such,as,thesame后:Thisisthesamepersonascameyesterday.

2）非限制性：Aswasexpected,heperformedthetaskwithsuccess.[（不出所料）as作主语，谓语通常要有be]

考点四：“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

L“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom,且不能省略。

Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskilluponwhichschooleducationdepends.

一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。

September30isthedaybywhichyoumustpayyourbill.9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。

2.“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级+of+which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体关系。

Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneofwhichhasbeenproved.

科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。

Manyyoungpeople,mostofwhomwerewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.

很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。

3.在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the+名词+ofwhich”；修饰人时，可以换为“the+名

词+ofwhom”。

Thenewly-builtcafe,thewallsofwhich（=whosewalls）arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,

especiallyafterhardwork.

这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。

「重苒卜同

a.关系代词指人1）作主语：rmascientistwho/thatstudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.

2）作宾语:Thegirl（whom/who/that）ImetyesterdayiscalledJane.

3）作定语：Ihadastudentwhosecreativitywouldinfectothers.

指物1）作主语：Idonotlikethenovelswhich/thathaveunhappyendings.

2）作宾语：rdliketoseethecar（which/that）youboughtyesterday.

3）作定语：Thehousewhosedoors（=thedoorsofwhich/ofwhichthedoors）aregreenismy

uncle's.

b.关系副词1）作时间状语（先行词是时间）:Julyisthemonthwhen（=inwhich）nature'sberriesareinabundance.

2）作地点状语（先行词是地点）：Upstairshehadastudiowhere（=inwhich）hepaintedalittle.

3）作原因状语（先行词是reason）：Thisisthereasonwhy（=forwhich）hewaslateforschool.

4）作方式状语（先行词是way）：Idon'tlikethewaythat（=inwhich）youlaughather.

c.介词+关系代词HerewassomeonewithwhomIcouldsharemyfeelings.[=（whom/whom/that）Icould...with]

Hehasthreechildren,twoofwhomarecollegestudents.（部分与整体）

d.不能用that1）非限制性定语从句：Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.

2）直接位于介词后：ThesewereallqualitiesforwhichIhadoncerespectedmyelderbrother.

3）people,those,one等指人时多用who：Peoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelgood.

e.只/多用that1）先行词包括人和物：Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatmostimpressedthem.

2）序数词或最高级后：Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistoworkoutaplan.

Thisisthebestdictionary（that）I'veeverused.

3）指事物的不定代词后：Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents.

4）theonly/very后的事物：Theyarethoughttobetheonlyinsectthatdoesthis.

TheBird'sNestistheveryplace（that）youcannotmisswhenyouvisitBeijing.

5）who/which开头的问句中WhoisthegirlthatistalkingtoTominEnglish?

Whichisthehousethatcaughtfirelastnight?

特别提醒

考情：定语从句是语法填空的常考点，必须重视。具体考点有：

1.先行词是人时，用who。

2.先行词是物时，用which。

3.当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系，表示“……的”之意，用whose。

4.引导非限制性定语从句且指物用which,如语法填空第7题。引导非限制性定语从句且指人用who。

5.先行词是表示时间或地点的词，在从句中作状语时，分别用when和where。

解法：首先判断是否为定语从句，是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句；然后看先行词是人、是物还

是整个主句；再看代表先行词的关系词在定语从句中作何种句子成分，最后再确定填哪个关系词。

考点考法

关系词填空1）关系代词ButSarah,hastakenpartinshows,wantstoprove,,•（答案为who）

...itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,isnotgood...（答案为which）

...madeastudyshowedamerefiveto...（答案为that/which）

2）关系副词：…goesbacktomydays,IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter…（答案为when）

龌1国属N&l

难点一考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句

1.Apersone-mailaccountisfullwon'tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.

A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever

2.Manychildren,parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.

A.theirB.whoseC.ofthemD.withwhom

3.IwasbominNewOrleans,Louisiana,acitynamewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesand

greengrassinourmind.

A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose

难点二考查关系代词which引导的定语从句

1.They'vewontheirlastthreematches,Ifindabitsurprising.

A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which

2.Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,wasverykindofhim.

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it

3.WheneverImether,wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.

A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that

难点三查关系副词where引导的定语从句

1.Mozart'sbirthplaceandthehousehecomposed"TheMagicFlute“arebothmuseumsnow.

A.whereB.whenC.thereD.which

2.Ifshelpfultoputchildreninasituationtheycanseethemselvesdifferently.

A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where

3.Lifeislikealongracewecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.

A.whyB.whatC.thatD.where

4.1havereachedapointinmylifeIamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.

A.whichB.whereC.howD.why

5.一Whatdoyouthinkofteaching,Bob?

一Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajobyouaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.

A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that

难点四查关系副词when引导的定语从句

1.She911neverforgetherstaythere,shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

2.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregonelocal5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforone

night.

A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since

难点五考查“介词+关系代词”结构

1.GuncontrolisasubjectAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.

A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich

2.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof________Ihadevermetbefore.

A.themB.whoC.whomD.these

A真题感知

1.（2023年全国甲卷）Theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,63RachelCarsonsaysin"A

FableforTomorrow.^^

2.（2023年全国甲卷）"TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica64alllifeseemedto

enjoypeacefulco-existencewithitssurroundings,

3.（2022年新高考I卷）TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecieslive

withintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.

4.（2021全国新高考II卷）IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompanyusedalotofplastic,I'dsendit

anemailurgingittocutback.

5.（2020全国I卷）Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadto

putasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspotitcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.

6.（2020全国HI卷）InancientChinalivedanartistpaintingswerealmostlifelike.

7.（2020新高考全国I卷）The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecore

collectionoftheBritishMuseumopenedin1759.

8.（2020新高考全国II卷）TheDigitalWorldisasetofvolumesaimtodescribehowdigital

systemsinfluencesocietyandhelpreadersunderstandthenatureofdigitalsystemsandtheirmanyinteractingparts.

9.（2019全国I卷）NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,

sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.

10.（2019全国HI卷）Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmastershadgreatexperiencewithcaringforthese

animals.

11.（2017全国II［卷）ButSarah,hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshe

hasbrainsaswellasbeauty.

12.（2016全国I卷）ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,

IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthe

wild.

A提升专练

一、语法填空

1.ThisisthesecondschoolIusedtoworkat,andmanystudentstherestillhavecontactwithme.（用适

当的词填空）

2.Thosewanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.（用适当的词填空）

3.Thebuildingroofyoucanseefromhereisanewrestaurant.（用适当的词填空）

4.Heissuchapersonisrespectedbyallofus.（用适当的词填空）

5.Filneverforgetthemomentourteamwonthematch.（用适当的词填空）

6.Infrontoftheclassrooms,therewasaplaygroundgotdustyonwindydaysandmuddyonrainydays.

（用适当的词填空）

7.Hewasonly1.6metrestall,madehimtheshortestplayereverintheNBA.（用适当的词填空）

8.Inasystemeverydecisionismadeonthebasisoftraditionalone,itmaybedifficulttoachieve

progress.（用适当的词填空）

9.Arelationshipwithatruefriendtoyoucanturnintroublewillsurelyproducefruit.（用适当的词填空）

10.Theairqualityinthecity,isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.（用适当的词

填空）

11.Tom,ismybestfriend,hasgoneabroadtostudy.（用适当的词填空）

12.ItisanAustraliancompanylogolookslikearedkangaroo.（用适当的词填空）

13.IamgoingtotalkaboutthecountriesandpeopleIhavevisited.（用适当的词填空）

14.Itiscompletelynormaltostrugglewiththestressparent-childtensionscreate.（用适当的词填空）

15.LiBai'sromanticstylewasalsodeeplyrootedinthesocialandhistoricalcontexthelived.（用适当的词

填空）

16.Iexplainedonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting.（用适当的词填空）

17.她和她的家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于他们保持健康。

Sheandherfamilycycletowork,themhealthy.

18.Thisistheveryscarfmotherhasbeenlookingfor.（用适当的词填空）

19.Thewayyoucameupwithatthemeetingyesterdayiswellworthtrying.（用适当的词填空）

20.Pleasepassmethebookthecoverofisgreen.（用适当的词填空）

21.Hefailedintheexamination,madehisfatherveryangry.（用适当的词填空）

22.ismentionedabove,whatelderlypeopleinthenursinghomeneediswarmthandlove.（用适当的词

填空）

23.isreportedinthenewspapers,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorhighschoolsisincreasing.（用适

当的词填空）

24.isthecasewithlanguagelearning,Chineselearningisboundtocallforlotsofpractice.（用适当的词

填空）

25.However,theman,whomthebikebelonged,decidednottokeepit.（用适当的词填空）

26.EnglishisoneofthemostinterestingsubjectswhichI'minterested.（用适当的词填空）

27.ThisisthemanwhomIreferred.（用适当的词填空）

28.ThefamousscientistwhommyfatheronceworkedinBeijingwentabroadlastyear.（用适当的词填

空）

29.Therescueworkersbroughttentsandlampstothesheltersthevictimswerestaying.（用适当的词填

空）

30.Canyougivemeacasethethreewordshonesty,sincerityandbraveryareused?（用适当的词填空）

31.rilneverforgetthemomentourteamwonthefirstplace.（用适当的词填空）

32.Myparentsalwayshavealotoffarmworktodo.Theyusuallygetupatfiveo'clockifsstilldark.

（用适当的词填空）

33.Self-drivingisanareaChinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.（用适当的词填空）

34.Salesdirectorisapositioncommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.（用适当的词填空）

35.Haveyoueverhadacasesomeonedoeswrongtoyoufornoreason?（用适当的词填空）

36.Bonessymbolswerecarved,knownas“oraclebones”,havecontributedalottoourunderstandingof

China飞past.（用适当的词填空）

37.ItwasatimeIhadnointerestinstudyandwantedtodropoutofschool.（用适当的词填空）

38.Afterschool,thereweremanyclubstojoin.TheoneattractedmemostwastheRugbyClub.（用适

当的词填空）

39.Weareverycuriousaboutthewayshegavetotheclass.（用适当的词填空）

40.Thescientistandhisachievementsyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.（用适当的词填空）

41.Theyoungmanwithfathermyuncle