山东省济南市历城区某中学2023届高三第二次联考英语试卷含解析

2023年高考英语模拟试卷

请考生注意：

1.请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0.5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答

案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。

2.答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1.Afterthefire,wouldotherwisebeaculturalcenterisnowreducedtoapileofashes.

A.thatB.it

C.whatD.which

2.WhileworkinginKunming,hecheckedtheweathereachmorningformonthsherealizeditwouldbethe

sameeveryday.

A.whenB.after

C,beforeD.since

3.,hetalksalotabouthisfavoritesingersafterclass.

A,AquietstudentashemayB.Quietstudentashemaybe

C.BeaquietstudentashemayD.Quietashemaybeastudent

4.一WhendidyoureturnlastFriday?

—Itwasnotuntilmidnightitwasraininghard.

A・whenB.which

C.thatD.before

5.Whilestudying,fixyourmindonwhatisreallyimportant,oryouwillrememberingnothing.

A,endupB.takeup

C.leadtoD.stickto

6.Hehasnoideawhatthebookisabout.Hehavereaditverycarefully.

A.needn'tB.shouldn'tC.can'tD.mustn't

7.Whileintheuniversity,wewereofferedanumberofafter-schoolactivitiestooursocialskills.

A.create

B.grow

C.settle

D.develop

8.Duringtheeconomiccrisis,weshouldhelpthoseforlifeisfarfromeasy.

A.whomB.whoseC.whoD.whoever

9.ChinesePresidentHuJintaocalledforanimmediatecease-fireinLibyaanevenworsehumanitariancrisisin

thecountryattheBRICSSummitinHainanProvince.

A,topreventB.tohavepreventedC・preventingD.havingprevented

10.Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelpyouyearahead.

A,sharpenB.switch

C.stretchD.shape

11.—HowlongdoyouthinkitwillbetheStockMarketreturnstonormal?

一Atleastoneyear,Iguess.

A.whenB.beforeC.untilD.that

12.一Sorry,Ididn'thearthedoorbellring.

一Yourbell.Perhapsitneedsrepairing.

A,neverworkedB.isneverworking

C,neverworksD.hadneverworked

13.（2018•海淀二模）一Excuseme,sir.CanyousparemeadollarIcanbuythisbook?

一Sure,noproblem.

A.forB.so

C.butD.or

14.MarybecamehomesickandcriticaloftheUnitedStates,soshefledfromherhomeinWestBloomfieldto

herhometowninAustria.

A,completelyB.sincerely

C.approximatelyD.increasingly

15.Thechildrenwrotemagicalstoriestogether,imaginaryworldsofromanticandmilitaryadventure.

A・tospinB.spinning

C,havingspunD.tohavespun

16.Manythoughtthatafterstarringintheimmenselypopulardrama,NirvanainFire,HuGewouldand

activelyseeknewroles.

A.makeamountainoutofamolehill

B.havetoomanyironsinthefire

C,strikewhiletheironishot

D.D.putthecartbeforethehorse

17.---1sawnomorethanonemotorcarintheshop.Willyougoandbuy?

…No,I'dratherfindinothershops.

A,it;one

B.one;it

C.it;theone

D,theone;it

18.Aseconomyisdeclining,jobstotheyoung,continuetobescarce.

A,availableB.convenient

C.comfortableD.valuable

19.Youreadabookinthesun——iflldoharmtoyoureyes.

A.couldn*tB.wouldn*tC.needn*tD.mustn*t

20.Therearemanyfamousculturalrelicsinourcountry,manythousandsofyearsago.

A.datingbacktoB.datebackto

C.datedbacktoD.weredatedbackto

第二部分阅读理解(满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21.6分)ThewonderfulexperimentIamgoingtointroduceprovesthatairisjustallaroundandthatitpresses

downuponus.Airpressureisawonderfulforce.Whenyouswimunderwater,youcanfeelwaterpushdownyourbody.

Theairallaroundyoudoesthesame.However,yourbodyissousedtoitthatyoudonotnoticethis.Thepressureis

causedbyalayerofaircalledtheatmosphere.ThislayersurroundstheEarth,extendingtoaboutfivekilometersabove

theEarth'ssurface.

Thefollowingexperimentisaneasyonethatyoucandoathome.Butmakesurethatyouaresupervised,because

youwillneedtousematches.Nowfortheexperiment!

Whatyouneed:

,Ahard-boiledeggwithouttheshell

•Abottlewithaneckslightlysmallerthantheegg

•Apieceofpaper

•Amatch

Method:

1)Checkthatthepaperwillsitfirmlyontheneckofthebottle.

2)Tearthepaperintostripsandputthestripsintothebottle.

3)Lightthepaperbydroppingaburningmatchintothebottle.

4)Quicklysittheeggontheneckofthebottle.

Result:

Astonishingly,theeggwillbesuckedintothebottle.Yourfriendswillbeamazedwhenyoushowthemthe

experiment.Butbecarefulwhenyouhandlematches.

Whyithappened

Asthepaperburns,itneedsoxygenandusesuptheoxygen(air)inthebottle.Theeggactsasasealintheneckof

thebottle,sonomoreaircangetinside.Thisreducestheairpressureinsidethebottle.Theairpressuremustequalize,

somoreairfromoutsidemustenterthebottle.Theoutsideairpressureagainsttheeggandthentheeggispushedinto

thebottle!Thisprovesthatairisallaroundandthatitispressingdownonit.

1、Whyistheretheneedtotakecarewhenyouaredoingtheexperiment?

A.Thebottlecouldbreak.

B.Youneedtolightthepaperwithamatch.

C,Theeggneedstobeshelled.

D.Theegghastobeperfectlyplacedontheneckofthebottle.

2>Intheexperiment,theburninginsidethebottlecan・

A,equalizetheairpressureinsideandoutside

B.makeasealintheneckofthebottle

C.Hnishuptheoxygeninsidethebottle

D.producemoreoxygeninsidethebottle

3、Howwastheeggputintothebottle?

A,Theoxygeninsidethebottlesuckedtheeggin.

B.Itbecamesaltwithouttheshell.

C.Theneckofthebottlewaswideenough.

D.Theoutsideairpressureforceditintothebottle.

22.®分）InSpain,thereareasmanygazpachos（西班牙冷汤菜）asthereareSpanishpeople.Everyfamilyhere

hasitsownrecipewithitsownlittlechanges.

ImuchprefergazpachomildoinafoodmilLasthat:allowstorsometexture（口感），andthatisthewayitwas

madewhenIwasyoung,Nowadaysitisdoneinablender,anelectricmachinetormixingsoftfoodsmilliquidtogether,

butitdoesnottornoutexactlythesame.Machine-blendedgazpachowithbreadandoliveoilismorelikeasalmorejo

（chilledtomatosoup）,butwithoutthatsoup'screamysmoothness.

Althoughtomatoesandpeppersarrivedonourtablesbythe16thcentury,redgazpachosthatmodthemdidnot

becomepopularuntilthe19thcentury.Biglandownerfamiliesthathadalotofcountryemployeesgenerallyhada

“gazpachero"，amanwhowouldpreparegazpachoforthepeasantsworkingontheirestates.Thesemenmade

gazpachobypoundingthevegetablemixtureinanolivewoodbowl,asinamortar.Theywereverypatients,asittook

quitesometime.

Themaindifferencebetweengazpachoandsomeofitsvariationsliesintextureandemulsion（孚L状液）.Inaclassic

Spanishgazpacho,oliveoilissimplystirred

inattheend；insalmorejo,porraandothersoups?theoliveoilisemulsified,resultinginrdbrighterorangecolour

andasmooth,creamytexture.Pipirrana*scomponentsarethesameasthoseingazpacho,buttheyarccutintopieces；

withtheadditionofalittlewateroricecubes,itturnsintoaliquidsalad,andthebreadisservedseparately,for

dipping.

Gazpachoisasophisticated（复杂的）dishthattakestoamultitudeofvariations.Butwithallitsversatility（易变），

itstillrequiresacertainbalanceofcomponents.Inparticular,toomuchvinegarorgarliccanruinit

HereinSpain,gazpachocanbeadrink,aadip,asauceorseasoning,astarter*amaindish,evenadessert.It

iseatenatanytimeotthedayandatanytimeduringameal.Nothingismoredeliciousthanapieceoftoastwithalittle

gazpachoorsalmorejoforbreakfast!Gazpachogoeswellwithalmosteverythingbutisdifficulttopairwithwine.The

bestwinestodrinkwithgazpachoaresherries（fortifiedwinesfromJerez）andwhites.

1、Whichofthefollowingopinionscanyouinferthewriterisinfavourof?

A,Nootherfoodintheworldismoredeliciousthangazpachos.

B,Anewtechniquedoesnotnecessarilymeananimprovement,

C.Youcannotmakeanyrealachievementwithoutabigdream.

D.Arecipeisthecrucialfactorinwhetheradishwillbepopular.

2、Whichofthefollowingcanlx?TRUEtothefact?

A,Gazpachoshaveasourtaste,

B.Gazpachosmeunhealthyfood.

C,Gazpachosstartedinthe16thcentury.

D,Gazpachosarenothingbutapopulardish.

3、Whatisthewriter*spurposeofwritingthepassage?

A.Tointroducegazpachostothereaders.

B.Toshowwaysofpreparinggnzpachos.

C.Toexplainwhygazpachosarepopular.

D.Tourgepeopletoeatmoregazpachos.

23.（8分）TheBristolInternationalBalloonFestivalisaworld-classhotairballooningfestivalandisrecognized

asoneoftheUK'stopfiveoutdoorevents.Foundedin1978,theFestivalhasbecomeasymbolforBristol,thesameas

BrunePsfamousSuspensionBridge.

HeldintherollinghillsofAshtonCourtontheedgeofBristol,theFestivalishugelypopularandcompletelyfree,

attractingaroundhalfamillionpeoplefromacrossthecountryandbeyond.Thisyear,forthefirsttime,visitorswillget

toseehowahotairballoonismade.Tocelebrateits40thanniversary,theworld'slargesthotairballoonproducer,

CameronBalloons,willtakeonthechallengeofconstructingapassenger-carryingballoon,onsite,inaboutfourdays.

OthereventstolookforwardtoattheBristolInternationalBalloonFestivalincludedaredevilstunts（冒险特技表演）

fromtheRedArrows,over250tradestalls,localandinternationalfoodstalls,andafunfair（露天游艺集市）.Here's

whafsonindetail:

Thursday11thAugust:

12pmGatesOpenandTradeVillageopen

6pmSpecialShapesAscent—anumberofhotairballoonswilltaketothesky

9:30pmNightglowandFireworkFinale—30ormoreballoonswillglowintimetomusic

10:30pmGatesClose

Friday12thAugust:

6amHotAirBalloonMassAscent

9amTradeandEntertainmentVillageopen

12pmArena（竞技）EntertainmentandTetheredBalloons

6pmHotAirBalloonMassAscent

8:30pmGatesClose

Saturday13thAugust:

6amHotAirBalloonMassAscent

9amTradeandEntertainmentVillageopen

12pmArenaEntertainmentandTetheredBalloons

6pmHotAirBalloonMassAscent

9:30pmNightglowandFireworkFinale

10:30pmGatesClose

Sunday14thAugust:

6amHotAirBalloonMassAscent

9amTradeandEntertainmentVillageopen

12pmArenaEntertainmentandTetheredBalloons

6pmHotAirBalloonMassAscent

1、Onwhichdaycan'tyouseetheHotAirBalloonMassAscentstwice?

A.12thAugustB.11thAugustC.13thAugustD.14thAugust

2、Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A,Visitorscanseehowahotairballoonismadeeveryyear.

B,ThefestivalwasfoundedintherollinghillsofAshtonCourt.

C・CameronBalloonsistheworld'slargesthotairballoonproducer.

D.Thefestivalishugelypopularonlybecauseitiscompletelyfree.

3、ThepassagemainlytalksabouttheFestivaFs.

A.originandhistoryB,newchallenges

C・timeandplaceD.mainactivities

24.®分）Researcherscontinuetoshowthepowerbehindoursenseofsmell.Recentstudieshavefound,

amongotherthings,thatthesmelloffoodslikepizzacancauseuncontrollableangerindriversonroads.

Thereviewexplainsthatsmellisuniqueinitseffectsonthebrain.AccordingtoConradKing,theresearcher

whocarriedoutthereview,“morethananyothersenses,thesenseofsmellgoesthroughthelogicalpartofthebrain

andactsonthesystemsconcernedwithfeelings.Thisiswhythesmellofbakingbreadcandestroythebestintentionsof

adieter.‘‘

Smell,whichdictates（决定）theunbelievablecomplexityoffoodtastes,hasalwaysbeentheleastunderstoodof

oursenses.Ournosesareabletodetectupto10,000distinctsmells.Ourabilitytosmellandtastethisextremely

largerangeofsmellsiscontrolledbysomethinglike1,000genes,whichmakeupanamazing3%ofthehuman

genome.ResearchersRichardAxelandLindaBuckweretogetherawardedaNobelPrizein2004fortheir

ground-breakingresearchonthenatureofthisextraordinarysense.Thesetwoscientistswerethefirsttodescribethe

familyof1,000olfactory（嗅觉）genesandtoexplainhowourolfactorysystemworks.

Accordingtoonestudyintheresearchreview,smellingfreshpizzaoreventhepackagingoffastfoodscanbe

enoughtomakedriversfeelimpatientwithotherroadusers,Theyarethenmorelikelytospeedandexperience

uncontrollableangeronroads,Themostreasonableexplanationisthatthesecanallmakedriversfeelhungry,and

thereforedesperatetosatisfytheirappetites.

Incontrast,thesmellsofpeppermintandcinnamonwereshowntoimproveconcentrationlevelsaswellas

reducedrivers*impatience,Similarly,thesmellsoflemonandcoffeeappearedtopromoteclearthinkingand

mentalfocus.

However,thewaygenesregulatesmelldiffersfrompersontoperson.AstudybyresearchersinIsraelhas

identifiedatleast50olfactorygeneswhichareswitchedoninsomepeopleandnotinothers・Theybelievethismay

explainwhysomeofuslovesomesmellsandtasteswhileothershatethem.TheIsraelresearcherssaytheirstudy

showsthatnearlyeveryhumanbeingshowsadifferentpatternofactiveandinactivesmell-detectingreceptors.

1>WhatdidRichardAxelandLindaBuckfindout?

A,Thetypeoffoodsmells.

B.Thelogicalpartofhumanbrain.

C・Thenatureofhumanolfactorysystem.

D・Therelationshipbetweenfoodandfeelings.

2、Whichofthefollowingcanhelppeopleconcentrate?

A,Bread.B.Fastfood.

C,Pizza.D.Coffee.

3、Whatdoweknowfromthelastparagraph?

A,Differentpeoplearesensitivetodifferentsmells.

B.Everypersonhasadifferentpatternofgenes.

C・Somepeoplecanrecognizeupto50smells.

D.Therearestillsomeolfactorygenestobefoundout.

4、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A,Logicandbehavior.B.Smellanditsinfluence.

C,Senseabilityandfoodtastes,D.Olfactorygenesanditssystem.

25.QO分）Wouldyoubuyacarthatcanreleasecalmingsmellsintotheairwhenyouarestuckinheavy

traffic?Wouldyoubuyarobotthatsmellslikeahumanbeing?

Manypeoplehaveseenthe3-Dcomputer-madeenvironmentsofvirtualreality（虚拟现实）・Nowthesevirtual

worldswillnotjustlookandsoundreal.ResearchershavecreatedVRenvironmentsthatevensmellliketherealones.

Withthenewtechnology,usersopenavirtualdoorandstepintoanewenvironment,likearainforest.Aftertheyenter

thisvirtualworld,specialequipmentreleasesforest-likesmellsintotheairtomaketheexperiencefeelmorereal.

SuzanneFisher-Murraysaid,“Itisareallywonderfulexperiencethatyouhavebecauseyou'reexploringthis

environmentandyouhavesmellswithit.“

IntheUnitedStates,Smell-O-Visionwasdesignedtoprovidesmellsduringtheshowingofamovie.The

Smell-O-Visionsystemwasoncepopularinthe1960s.Now,EmanuelaMaggionisaysitisclosetobecomingpopular

again."Itconnectsemotionsandmemorieswiththesenseofsmell,95Maggionisaid."Itisunbelievablewhatwecando

withthetechnology.w

Theusesofsmelltechnologyarenotjustlimitedtofilmsandtheperformingarts.Researchersshowedacomputer

programwhereuserscouldimaginethemselvesdrivingacar.Thesystemincludedaspecialsmell-sprayingmachine.

DmitrijsDmitrenkosaid,66Wewanttodeliverthesmelloflavender（薰衣草）everytimethepersondrivesoverthespeed

limit.Wechooselavenderbecauseifsaverycalmingsmell.”

Scientistsareexperimentingwithsmellsinsteadofsoundsorimage-basedalertsontelecommunicationsequipment.

Andbusinessmenhavealreadyusedsmellstoinfluencepeople'sbehavior.66Notonlyinstores,butalsoinotherplaces

youcancreateandstimulate（刺激）immediatepurchase,“Maggionisaid."Soyou'reinalibraryandwhenyousmell

coffeeyouwillunconsciouslyhavetheneedtodrinkacoffee.”

1、Usingsmelltechnology,researchersmakeVRenvironments・

A.haveasmellofarainforest

B,evensmellliketherealones

C・looklikea4-Denvironment

D・frightenpeoplewithavirtualworld

2、TheexampleofSmell-O-Visionprovesthat.

A.Americaisthefirsttousesmelltechnology

B•cinemasarethemostsuitableplacesforthesenseofsmell

C・smelltechnologyhasbeenusedbefore

D.itisoutofdatetousesmell-sprayingdevices

3、Howissmelltechnologyusedbybusinessmen?

A.Tomakebuyersunderstandsalesmenbetter.

B.Toremindpeopleoftheirunrealisticpurchase.

C.Tohelpcustomerschoosetheirfavoritegoods.

D.Tostimulatepeopletobuythings.

4、Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A,Thenewdevelopmentsofsmelltechnology.

B,AmajorbreakthroughofVRtechnology.

C・Thesenseofsmellinhumancommunication.

D,Theadvancedsmell-sprayingmachines.

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、

C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26.80分）Iwascyclingandnoticedaperson,aboutaquarterofakilometerinfrontofme.Icouldtellhewas

cycling]thanmeanddecidedtotrytocatchhim.Ihadaboutakilometertogoontheroad2turning

off.

SoI3cyclingfasterandfasterandeveryblock,I4closertohim.AfterjustafewminutesIwas

onlyabout100yards5him,soIreallypickedupthepaceand6myself.YouwouldhavethoughtIwa

competingintheOlympicsandcyclinginthe7partofarace.

Finally,Icaughtupwithhimand8him.OntheinsideIfeltso9,“Ibeathim!”Ofcourse,he

didn*tevenknowwewere10.

AfterIpassedhim,I11thatIhadbeensofocusedoncompetingagainsthimthatIhad12myturn.

Therefore,Ihadtoturnaroundandgoallthewayback.

Isn'tthatwhathappensinlifewhenwe13competingwithco-workers,neighbors,andfriends,14

toprovethatwearemoresuccessfulormoreimportant?Wespendourtimeandenergychasingafter15and

wemissoutonourown16toourfuture.

The17ofunhealthycompetitionisthatifsaneverendingcycle.Therewill18besomebodyahead

ofyou,someoneonewithabetterjob,moremoneyandmoreeducation,etc.

Therefore,justtakewhat19hasgivenyou,yourheight,weightandpersonality.Stayfocusedandlivea

healthylife.There*sno20inlife.Runyourownraceandwishotherswell!

1、A.morepatientlyB.morenervouslyC.moreexcitedlyD.moreslowly

2、A.beforeB,afterC.unlessD.when

3、A,enjoyedB.practicedC,startedD.kept

4、A,stayedB.gotC.feltD.stepped

5、A.nexttoB,below(C・aheadofD.behind

6、A.protectedB.pushedC.supportedD.comforted

7、A,sameB.onlyC.lastD.other

8、A,passedB.shoutedatC.laughedD.helped

9、A.calm]B.warmC.,luckyD.proud

10、A,racingB.exercisingC・celebratingD.cycling

11、A.believedB.realizedC,predictedD.expected

12>A.waitedB.missedC.madeD・ignored

13、A.worryaboutB.thinkaboutC.dependonD.focuson

14、A,tryingB,agreeingC.continuingD.remembering

15、A.himB.herC.themD.you

16、A,pathsB,entrancesC・plansD,barriers

17、A.taskB.difficultyC.problemD.goal

18、A,neverB.oftenC.sometimesD.always

19、A.futureB.educationC.lifeD.time

20、A・mistakeB.competitionC・pressureD.challenge

第二节(每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27.0.5分)WuzhenWaterTownisatypicalancienttowninsouthernChina.1.(lie)inthenorthernpartof

TongxiangCity,ZhejiangProvince,itcanbeeasilyaccessed!.anumberofexpressways.Onarecentbusinesstripto

Shanghai,alocalfriend3・(invite)metoWuzhen.

Itwas9:00amwhenwearrivedthere.Withitshousesmadeofblackbricksandgraytiles(瓦)againstthewhite

walls,thesmalltownislikea4・(tradition)Chineseinkwashdrawing.Wanderingalongtheriverside,youwillbe

5,(deep)impressedbythegreatsceneryandslowlifestyle.Duringlunchtime,I6,(treat)tothesteamedwhitefish,

awell-knowndishservedatmost7.(restaurant)inWuzhen.Ittastedsogood.ButIthinkitisthecombinationof

cultureandfoodthatmakesitsooutstanding.

Afterlunch,wecontinuedourwalk,enjoyingthesightsandlearningaboutitshistory,ahistory8.isfullofgood

storiesanduniquetraits（特色）.

Ifsreallyfortunateforanybody9.（explore）suchabeautifulplace.Wehopetherewillbe10.secondchance

tovisitthiswonderfultown!

第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）

28.G0分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10

处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

ThemostimportantfestivalinTibetistheTibetanNewYear,inJanuary1stoftheTibetancalendar.ltisforsay

goodbyetothepastyearanwelcomingtheNewYear.Frommid-December,peoplestarttoprepareordofestival

shopping.AlotofactivityareheldinthestreetsoftheLhasaduringtheNewYearFestival.Thereisaninterested

competitiononthisday.Ayoungmanfromeachfamilytriedtogetthefirstbucketofwaterfromtheriver.ltisbelieved

begoldwater.AccordingtotheTibetantradition,theywillbringgoodluck,happinessandwealthtothosewhichgetit.

第二节书面表达（满分25分）一

29.（25分）假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Henry要来中国旅行，他来信希望

你能给他推荐一个有特色的主题公园。请你给他回信，内容包括：

1.你的建议:上海迪士尼乐园；

2.你的理由:带你进入魔幻世界；遇见自己最喜欢的卡通人物；

体验刺激的海盗船、自由落体；每日上演精彩娱乐活动及表演；

3.你的祝愿。

注意:1.词数80左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇:海盗船pirateships

DearHenry,

Pmhappytoreceiveyourletterandknowthatyou*recoming