湖南省部分学校2023-2024学年高一年级上册期末联考英语试题

英语

注意事项：

1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在

本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

例:Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.Daydreaming.B.Makingatravelplan.C.Describingherdreamjob.

2.Whosespiritisworthylearningaccordingtotheman'swords?

A.Thewoman's.B.Theman's.C.Sam's.

3Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Theman'suncle.B.Ananimal.C.Agoodluck.

4.Whatdoesthewomandislike?

A.Thesoupmadebyhermother.

B.Thefriedricemadebyhermother.

C.Thedumplingsmadebyherfather.

5.Whatdoesthemar1wantLilytodo?

A.Finishanartassignment.

B.MakeacardforMary.

C.Prepareforanexam.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Onthephone.B.Atthecinema.C.Inacar.

7.Whatkindofmoviedothespeakersdecidetosee?

A.Anactionmovie.B.Acartoonmovie.C.Aedy.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Brotherandsister.B.Auntandnephew.C.Motherandson.

9.Howoldistheman'smothernow?

A.55yearsold.B.56yearsold.C.57yearsold.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Whydoesthewomandothepresentjob?

A.Shelivesnearherworkplace.

B.Herpanypaysverywell.

C.Shecanlearnsomeskills.

11.Whichstrangejobdoesthewomanprefer?

A.Ahoteltestsleeper.B.Anicecreamtaster.C.Adogfoodtaster.

12.Howmanystrangejobsdoesthemanmention?

A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whatdidthewomandowiththethief?

A.Shepretendednottoseehim.

B.Shefoughtwithhim.

C.Shedidasheasked.

14.Whatdidthethiefsteal?

A.Anecklace.B.Somemoney.C.Nothing.

15.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?

A.Fitahomealarmsystem.B.Callthepolice.C.Keepadog.

16.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman?

A.Sheispuzzled.B.Sheisbrave.C.Sheisfrightened.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.WheredidGeorgeparkhiscar?

A.Atasquare.B.Ataparkinglot.C.Onanarrowstreet.

18.Whatwasthetimewhenhegotoutofhiscar?

A.At4:20pm.B.At4:40pm.C.At5:00pm.

19.WheredidGeorgeputhiskeys?

A.Inhispocket.B.Inhiscar.C.Onthebench.

20WhywasGeorgeunabletoseehiscaratfirst?

A.Someonestoleit.

B.Itwasbehindanothercar.

C.Hewenttoawrongplace.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Paris,thecapitalofFrance,hassomeattractivebridges.ThesearefourofthemostbeautifulbridgesinParis:

someiniconic（标志'性的）placesyou'veseeninthemovies,andothersinquietplacesthatyou'lldelightin

discovering.

PontdesArts

ConnectingtheLouvreMuseumtotheInstitutdeFrance,thePontdesArts,firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonaparte

in1804andreconstructedinthe1970s,isabridgeonlyforpeoplewalkingthatisbelovedbytouristsandlocals

alike.Inthespringandsummermonths,ParisiansandvisitorsehereforlazypicnicsoverlookingtheSeine.

PontMarie

ThislovelybutlittleknownbridgeisagatewaybetweentheMaraisdistrictontherightbankandanatural

islandontheSeineRiver.Thecurrentstonestructuredatestoaround1670,followingafireonitswoodenstructure

thatdestroyedmuchoftheoriginalbridgeandthehousesthatoncestoodonit.Ithasremainedmuchthesame

sincethe18thcentury,makingitoneofParis?oldestbridges.

PontAlexandreIII

ThePontAlexandreIIIisprobablythemostattractiveofParis9manybridges.Builtbetween1896and1900,it

connectsthedesInvalideswiththegardensofthePetitPalais.It'safterdarkthatyoucanbestappreciateitsdelicate

statuesandotherdecorativeelements.

PontNeuf

Firstbuiltin1578byKingHenryIII,PontNeufhasseennumerousreconstructionsandchangesoverthe

centuries.ButitconservesitsRomaninspiredarch（拱形）structures.Thisisalovelybridgethatofferseasyand

picturesqueaccesstotheleftandrightbank.Havesomeicecream,explorethelovelyriversidepathsandenjoy

viewsofNotreDameCathedral.

1.WhatisspecialaboutthePontdesArts?

A.Ithasbeenrebuiltmanytimes.B.ItisoneofParis5oldestbridges.

C.Itisabridgeonlyforpeoplewalking.D.ItisthemostattractivebridgeinParis.

2.Whichistheoldestamongthefourbridges?

A.PontdesArts.B.PontMarie.

C.PontAlexandreIIID.PontNeuf.

3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?

A.Aguidebook.B.Ahealthmagazine.

C.Anewsreport.D.Abookreview.

【答案】l.C2.D3.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了法国首都巴黎有一些很有吸引力的桥梁。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。文章PontdesArts段讲至"ConnectingtheLouvreMuseumtotheInstitutdeFrance,thePontdes

Arts,firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonapartein1804andreconstructedinthe1970s,isabridgeonlyforpeoplewalking

thatisbelovedbytouristsandlocalsalike.（连接卢浮宫和法兰西学院的艺术桥（PontdesArts）是1804年由拿破

仑•波拿巴（NapoleonBonaparte）建造的，在20世纪70年代重建，是一座仅供行人行走的桥，受到游客和当

地人的喜爱。）”可知，艺术桥的特别之处是这是一座供人行走的桥。故选C。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。文章PontdesArts部分讲到“firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonapartein1804（1804年由拿破仑•波拿

巴首次建造）"、PontMarie.部分讲到“Thecurrentstonestructuredatestoaround1670（目前的石头结构可以追

溯到1670年左右）”、PontAlexandreIII部分讲到“Builtbetween1896and1900（建于1896年至1900年）”

以及PontNeuf部分讲到“Firstbuiltin1578byKingHenry111（始建于1578年，由国王亨利三世建造）”可知，

四座桥中最古老的是PontNeuf。故选D。

【3题详解】

推理判断题o文章第一段讲到“Paris,thecapitalofFrance,hassomeattractivebridges.Thesearefourofthemost

beautifulbridgesinParis:someiniconic（标志性的）placesyou'veseeninthemovies,andothersinquietplaces

thatyouHldelightindiscovering.（法国首都巴黎有一些很有吸引力的桥梁。这是巴黎最美丽的四座桥：一些在

你在电影中看到的标志性地方，另一些在你乐于发现的安静地方。）”可知，本文大概出自一本指南。故选

Ao

B

EverydayJuanitaMengel,a67yearoldwomanfromthestateofOhio,wakesupandputsonherprosthetic（假

体的）leg.

Then,MengeldoesthesameforLolaPearl,herfiveyearoldcat.LolaPearlalsomissedherbackleftleg.Mengel

hasmanycats.Mostofthemhavedisabilities.ButLolaPearlisspecial.Sheisatherapy（治疗）cat.And,sheand

Mengelarepartnersofakind.Theyareamong200therapycatteamsregisteredintheUnitedStatesbythenonprofit

group,PetPartners.

Thegrouphelpshumansandpetsalikebysettingthemupintoteamstoprovideanimalassisted（帮助）therapy.

Theteamsvisithospitals,nursinghomesandschoolsandassistthoseinneed.Besidesdogsandcats,PetPartners

registersotherspeciesastherapyanimals,includinghorses,rabbits,rats,guineapigs,birdsandminipigs.

TaylorGriffinisnationaldirectoratPetPartners.Shesaid,“Therapyanimalsareanimalswho'vebeengauged

whethertheyaresuitableforassistingsomepeople,andarebasedontheirabilitytomeetnewpeopleandenjoythe

process.”

MengelsaidLolaPearlshowedsignsthatshewouldmakeagoodtherapycatsoonaftertheanimaljoinedher

family.justknewshewouldbeagoodtherapybecauseshewassogoodwithpeople.Peoplereallywereattracted

toher,too,^^Mengelsaid.

Mengelwasatravelingnursewhenshewasinacaraccidentthatalmostkilledher.Oneofherlegscouldnot

besaved.Later,sheconnectedwithafriendinthestateofMissouriwhohadaseverelyinjuredkitten.Thecafslegs

weretwistedtogether.Ananimalmedicalspecialistworkedtorepairthedamage,butintheend,theyhadtoremove

oneofthebabycat'slegs.ThatkittenwasLolaPearl.

MengeltookLolaPearlashercataftertalkingwithherfriend.DespitethedifficultiesMengelhasfaced,sheis

gratefultoLolaPearlandtheirworkinPetPartners.

"It'sareallyrewardingexperience,9,shesaid.t4IgetjustasmuchoutofitasthepeoplethatIvisit.”

4.WhatcanweknowaboutPetPartners?

A.Itmainlyprovidesanimalassistedtherapy.B.ItisanonprofitgroupfoundedbyTaylorGriffin.

C.Itonlyoffershelptopatientsinhospitals.D.Itdoesn'tregisterbirdsastherapyanimals.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gauged“meaninparagraph4?

A.Guessed.B.Designed.C.Explained.D.Measured.

6.HowdidJuanitaMengelgettoknowLolaPearl?

A.ByworkinginPetPartners.B.Throughoneofherfriends.

C.ByrepairingLolaPearrsleg.D.ThroughmovingtoMissouri.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJuanitaMengel?

A.Optimisticandhelpful.B.Proudandhumorous.

C.Talkativeandthoughtful.D.Honestandtalented.

【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了非营利组织PetPartners通过将人类和宠物组成团队提供动物援助,

来自俄亥俄州的JuanitaMengel与治疗猫LolaPearl成为伙伴,从中受益。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Thegrouphelpshumansandpetsalikebysettingthemupintoteamstoprovide

animalassisted（帮助）ther叩y.（该组织通过组建团队提供动物辅助治疗来帮助人类和宠物）”可知，Pet

Partners这一组织主要提供动物辅助治疗。故选A。

【5题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第四段“Shesaid,"Therapyanimalsareanimalswho'vebeengaugedwhethertheyare

suitableforassistingsomepeople,andarebasedontheirabilitytomeetnewpeopleandenjoytheprocess.''（她

说：“治疗动物是经过gauged它们是否是适合帮助一些人的动物，这是基于它们结识新朋友和享受这个过

程的能力。"）”可知，基于它们结识新朋友和享受这个过程的能力，治疗动物需要被衡量它们是否适合帮

助人，推测划线单词表示“衡量”，与measured同义。故选D。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第六段“Mengelwasatravelingnursewhenshewasinacaraccidentthatalmostkilledher.

Oneofherlegscouldnotbesaved.Later,sheconnectedwithafriendinthestateofMissouriwhohadaseverely

injuredkitten.Thecafslegsweretwistedtogether.Ananimalmedicalspecialistworkedtorepairthedamage,but

intheend,theyhadtoremoveoneofthebabycafslegs.ThatkittenwasLolaPearl.（Mengel是一名旅行护士，她

遭遇了一场差点丧命的车祸。她的一条腿无法挽救。后来，她与密苏里州的一位朋友取得了联系，这位朋

友养了一只严重受伤的小猫。猫的腿扭在一起了。一位动物医学专家努力修复损伤，但最终，他们不得不

切除这只小猫的一条腿。那只小猫叫LolaPearl）”可知，JuanitaMengel是通过密苏里州的一位朋友认识

LolaPearl的。故选B。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“Theteamsvisithospitals,nursinghomesandschoolsandassistthoseinneed.（这些

团队访问医院、疗养院和学校，并帮助那些需要帮助的人）”以及第七段"DespitethedifficultiesMengelhas

faced,sheisgratefultoLolaPearlandtheirworkinPetPartners.（尽管Mengel遇至!J了困难，但她还是感谢Lola

Pearl和它们在PetPartners中的工作）”可知，JuanitaMengel与自己的治疗动物团队去帮助那些需要帮助的

人，在自己遇到困难时仍然感激治疗猫和他人所做的工作，可推测JuanitaMengel是乐观且乐于助人的。

故选Ao

C

RhoughtemperaturerecordsfromDecemberhaveyettobefinalized,climatescientistsattheNationalOceanic

andAtmosphericAdministrationhavefoundthere?samorethan99%chancethat2023willhavethehottestrecorded

globalaveragetemperature,beatingout2016,thepreviousleader.Theyearwillbethehottestin174yearsof

secondkeepingwherehumanshavedirectlymeasuredthetemperatureoftheplanet.Ifsalsolikelytobethehottest

inthelast125,000years,whichscientistsmeasurebyrebuildingtemperaturerecordsfromphysicalevidencelike

treeringsandlayersofpolaricethathavegrownovertime.

TherecordbreakingyearcausedfuelclimatedrivendisastersaroundtheglobefromextremeheatthathitArizona

forweekstofloodsinLibyaandrecordhotoceansthatcausedcoraltobleach（变白）offFlorida.

Scientistssaytheextremetemperaturesareinlinewithforecasts（预测）forhowtheplanetwillcontinueto

warm.Thebiggestdriveroftheheatisthebuildupofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere（大气层）fromburning

fossilfuels（化石燃料）.“Weknowwhythisishappening/saysZekeHausfather,climatescientistatBerkeleyEarth,

anonprofitorganizationthatstudiesclimatetrends."Ayearlikethiswouldnothaveoccurredwithoutthetrillion

tonsofcarbonwe'veputintotheatmosphereoverthelastcentury.^^

Evenwiththecharttoppingheatthisyear,nextyearcouldbeequallyashot.AstrongElNinohasalreadybegun,

whereoceantemperatureswarmupintheeasternPacific.ElNinoyearsaretypicallyhotter,becausealargeamount

ofheatthafsstoredintheoceanissenttotheatmosphere.atThere5sabsolutelystilltimetoact,“anexpertsays.

""Everythingwedotochangecoursetodaywillmakethingsbetterinthefuture.

8.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph1?

A.2016islikelytohavethehottestglobaltemperature.

B.Thetemperaturerecordsof2023havebeenfinished.

C.Humansbegantodirectlymeasureglobaltemperature174yearsago.

D.Treeringsarebadforrecordingtemperature.

9.Whatisthemainreasonfortherecordbreakingheat?

A.Thelackoffossilfuels.B.Theincreaseofgreenhousegases.

C.Coralsbleachedintheocean.D.Driversputtingmuchwasteintotheair.

10.Whycouldthenextyearbeequallyhotaccordingtothetext?

A.ElNinotendstocooldowntheatmosphere.

B.OceanpollutionleadstoawarmingPacific.

C.AstrongElNifiohasbeguninthewesternPacific.

D.Alotofheatstoredintheoceangoesintotheatmosphere.

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.2023HasSufferedfromaStrongElNino

B.2023MayBetheHottestYearonRecord

C.ClimatedrivenDisastersInfluenceDailyLife

D.TheOceanPlaysaKeyRoleinCoolingEarth

【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国国家海洋和大气管理局的气候科学家发现2023年有99%以上

的可能性将成为有记录以来最热的一年。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第——段"Theyearwillbethehottestin174yearsofsecondkeepingwherehumanshave

directlymeasuredthetemperatureoftheplanet.（这一年将是人类直接测量地球温度的174年来最热的一

年.）”可知，人类直接测量地球温度已有174年，即174年前，人类开始直接测量全球温度。故选C。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Scientistssaytheextremetemperaturesareinlinewithforecasts（预测）forhowthe

planetwillcontinuetowarm.Thebiggestdriveroftheheatisthebuildupofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere

（大气层）fromburningfossilfuels（化石燃料）.（科学家表示，极端温度与地球将如何持续变暖的预测一致。

热量的最大驱动力是燃烧化石燃料在大气层中积聚的温室气体。）”可知，创纪录的高温出现的主要原因是

燃烧化石燃料在大气中积聚的温室气体，即温室气体的增加。故选B。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“Evenwiththecharttoppingheatthisyear,nextyearcouldbeequallyashot.Astrong

ElNinohasalreadybegun,whereoceantemperatureswarmupintheeasternPacific.ElNinoyearsaretypically

hotter,becausealargeamountofheatthat'sstoredintheoceanissenttotheatmosphere.（即使今年的热度高居榜

首，明年也可能同样热。强烈的厄尔尼诺现象已经开始，东太平洋的海洋温度上升。厄尔尼诺年通常更

热，因为储存在海洋中的大量热量被输送到大气中。）”可知，推测明年可能同样热是因为厄尔尼诺现象已

经出现，储存在海洋中的大量热量会被输送到大气中。故选D。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第~■段“RhoughtemperaturerecordsfromDecemberhaveyettobefinalized,climate

scientistsattheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationhavefoundthere'samorethan99%chancethat

2023willhavethehottestrecordedglobalaveragetemperature,beatingout2016,thepreviousleader.Theyearwill

bethehottestin174yearsofsecondkeepingwherehumanshavedirectlymeasuredthetemperatureoftheplanet.

（12月的Rhough温度记录尚未最终确定，美国国家海洋和大气管理局的气候科学家发现2023年有99%以

上的可能性将成为有记录以来最热的全球平均温度，击败之前的领先者2016年。这一年将是人类直接测

量地球温度的174年来最热的一年。）”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了美国国家海洋和大气管理局的

气候科学家发现2023年有99%以上的可能性将成为有记录以来最热的一年，所以“2023年可能是有记录

以来最热的一年”适合作为文章标题。故选B。

D

SusanRingwoodgreetsallguestswithasimpleinvitation:tojoinherinswimmingincoldwaterinthe

swimmingpool.Herofferisn'tlimitedtothesummermonths,either.RingwoodandherhusbandGaryswimincold

waterintheswimmingpoolallyearround.uTome,ifsnotjustaboutswimming.It'sauniqueexperience,shesays.

Ringwoodsimplycallsherhobby“swimming”,butsomewinterfanshavebeguntopromotecoldwater

swimmingasatreatmenttoavarietyofdiseases.

Whilecoldwaterswimmingisanewfoundpassion,scientistssaythatthere9snotmuchevidencesupportingthe

claimsofthesehealthbenefits.Noristheactivitywithoutrisk.""Extremetemperaturechangescanpotentiallycause

heartattacks,evendeath,“saysFrancoisHaman,ascientistattheUniversityofOttawainCanada.

Whenyourbodymeetscoldwater,itcanbeshocking.Scientistscallthisthe“coldshock“response（反应）.

Whenyourskinsensesthefreezingwater,itcausesyoutotakeaquickdeepbreathforairandyourheartratetorise

quicklytoaveryhighlevel,whichleadstoanincreaseinheartrateandbloodpressure.

Hamansaysthatbeingincoldwaterismoredangerousthanincoldair.Waterconductsheatmuchmore

effectivelythanair,meaningthatitcandrawtheheatfromyourbodymorequicklyandefficiently.Forthosenewto

thesport,Hamansuggestsstartingslowly,gettingusedtocolderwaterduringthefall,especiallypayingattentionto

safety.

Accordingtosupporters,coldwaterswimmingcanimprovehealthandimmunity（免疫力），andhelprelieve

pain.Butwhilethereissomepreviousscientificresearchtobackuptheseclaims,DenisBlondin,aprofessoratthe

UniversityofSherbrookeinQuebec,saysthatmanyofthesestudiesincludedonlyasmallnumberofpeopletaking

partinsurveywhoweremainlyyoungmenfromEuropeancountries,whichlimitswhatscientistscansaymore

broadlyandinotherpopulations.

12.WhydoestheauthortellRingwood'sstory?

A.Toattractvisitorstoswimming.B.TocallongueststojoinRingwood.

C.Tostressthebenefitsofswimming.D.Tointroducethetopicofcoldwaterswimming.

13.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.The"coldshock“responseisn'tunmon.

B.Swimmingincoldwatercanbeadangerforsomereason.

C.Heartrateandbloodpressuretendtoincreaseinwinter.

D.Somepreparationscanbemadebeforeacoldwaterswim.

14.WhatmightHamanagreewithaccordingtothetext?

A.Thehealthbenefitsofcoldwaterswimmingshouldbeshowed.

B.Extremetemperaturechangesaredangerousbutnotdeadly.

C.Stayingincoldairislessdangerousthanincoldwater.

D.Coldwaterswimmingisn'tsuitableforthosenewtothesport.

15.WhatisBlondin'sattitudetopreviousresearch?

A.Doubtful.B.Uncaring.C.Supportive.D.Uncertain.

【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了冷水游泳及其可能存在的风险。

【12题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段uSusanRingwoodgreetsallguestswithasimpleinvitation:tojoinherinswimmingin

coldwaterintheswimmingpool.（苏珊•林伍德向所有客人发出了一个简单的邀请：和她一起在游泳池的冷

水中游泳）”以及第三段“Whilecoldwaterswimmingisanewfoundpassion,scientistssaythatthere5snotmuch

evidencesupportingtheclaimsofthesehealthbenefits.（虽然冷水游泳是一种新发现的热情，但科学家们表

示，没有太多证据支持这些健康益处的说法）”可知，作者讲述林伍德的故事，是为了引入文章的主题一一

冷水游泳。故选D。

【13题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第四段“Whenyourbodymeetscoldwater,itcanbeshocking.Scientistscallthisthe"cold

shock^^response（反应）.Whenyourskinsensesthefreezingwater,itcausesyoutotakeaquickdeepbreathforair

andyourheartratetorisequicklytoaveryhighlevel,whichleadstoanincreaseinheartrateandblood

pressure.（当你的身体遇到冷水时，可能会导致休克。科学家称之为“冷休克”反应。当你的皮肤感觉到冰

冷的水时，它会让你快速深呼吸得到空气，你的心率会迅速上升到很高的水平，从而导致心率和血压升

高）”可知，本段主要介绍了冷水中游泳可能会导致冷休克，心率和血压升高，出现危险，即由于某些原

因，在冷水中游泳可能会有危险。故选B。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段"Hamansaysthatbeingincoldwaterismoredangerousthanincoldair.（哈曼说，待

在冷水中比在冷空气中更危险）”可知，哈曼认为待在冷空气中比待在冷水中危险性小。故选C。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据第六段“Butwhilethereissomepreviousscientificresearchtobackuptheseclaims,Denis

Blondin,aprofessorattheUniversityofSherbrookeinQuebec,saysthatmanyofthesestudiesincludedonlya

smallnumberofpeopletakingpartinsurveywhoweremainlyyoungmenfromEuropeancountries,whichlimits

whatscientistscansaymorebroadlyandinotherpopulations.（但是，尽管之前有一些科学研究支持这些说法，

但魁北克舍布鲁克大学教授DenisBlondin表示，许多这些研究只包括一小部分参与调查的人，他们主要是

来自欧洲国家的年轻男性，这限制了科学家在更广泛和其他人群中的说法）”可知，DenisBlondin认为之前

研究的被调查对象有限制，对其研究结果持怀疑的态度。故选A。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

BenefitsOfColdWeather

There?snodoubtaboutit_coldweathercanbeprettyunpleasant.16Soifyou'refeelingdownabout

thecoldtemperaturesoutside,readonforafewreasonstobehappyaboutthem!

Itboostsyourbrain.Coldtemperaturescanexciteyourbrain,allowingimprovedfocusandgreaterclarityof

thought.Thecoldclimateincreasesoxygenflowtothebrain.17

Itincreasesbrownfatcontent.Coldweatherhastheuniqueabilitytoincreasethenumberofbrownfatcells.

18.Notonlydotheyhelpusstayfortablywarmincoldtemperaturesbuttheymayalsoevenpromote

weightlossovertime.

19Incoldweather,anevenbodytemperaturecanbebeneficialforagoodnight'srest.Asourbodies

trytokeepwarmwhenit'scoldout,bloodvesselsgetnarrowerandhelpcontrolyoursleeptemperatureforamore

relaxedandrestfulsleep.Peoplesleepingincolderenvironmentsgenerallywakeupfeelingmorerefreshedthan

thosesleepinginwarmertemperatures.

Itimprovesskinhealth.20Lowtemperaturesforceustodresswarmlyagainstthecold,leadingto

protectionagainstenvironmentalaspectsthatwouldotherwiseremovewaterfromourskin.

Allinall,therearemanybenefitstospendingtimeoutsideincoldweather!Nexttimeyouwanttostayinside

andavoidthecold,keepthesebenefitsinmindandconsidergettingoutsideforafewminutes!

A.Ithelpsyousleep.

B.Itraiseshealthawareness.

C.Thus,thecentralnervoussystemcanperformatincreasedlevels.

D.Coldweatherexposureisahelpfulcontributiontoourwellbeing.

E.Theyareimportantforcontrollingbodytemperaturebyproducingheat.

F.Coldweathercanbegoodforkeepingourskinlookingandfeelinghealthy.

G.Whileitmakesuswanttostayindoors,coldweatherhassomemajorbenefits.

【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.A20.F

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了寒冷天气的一些好处。

【16题详解】

根据上文“There'snodoubtaboutit_coldweathercanbeprettyunpleasant.（毫无疑问,寒冷的天气会让人很

不舒月艮。）”以及后文aSoifyou'refeelingdownaboutthecoldtemperaturesoutside,readonforafewreasons

tobehappyaboutthem!（所以，如果你对外面的寒冷天气感到沮丧，那就往下读，看看有什么理由让你开心

起来吧！）”可知，后文提到了寒冷的天气也有理由开心，说明寒冷的天气也有好处。故G选项“虽然它

使我们想呆在室内，但寒冷的天气也有一些主要的好处”符合语境，故选G。

【17题详解】

根据上文“Itboostsyourbrain.Coldtemperaturescanexciteyourbrain,allowingimprovedfocusandgreater

clarityofthought.Thecoldclimateincreasesoxygenflowtothebrain.（它能增强你的大脑。低温可以刺激你的

大脑，让你的注意力更集中，思维更清晰。寒冷的气候增加了大脑的氧气流量。）”可知，本句与上文构成

因果关系，指出寒冷的气候增加了大脑的氧气流量所带来的积极影响。故C选项“因此，中枢神经系统可

以在更高的水平上工作。”符合语境，故选C。

【18题详解】

根据上文“Itincreasesbrownfatcontent.Coldweatherhastheuniqueabilitytoincreasethenumberofbrownfat

cells.（它增加棕色脂肪的含量。寒冷的天气有增加棕色脂肪细胞数量的独特能力。）”以及后文“Notonly

dotheyhelpusstayfortablywarmincoldtemperatures,buttheymayalsoevenpromoteweightlossovertime.（Ts

们不仅能帮助我们在寒冷的天气里保持舒适温暖，而且随着时间的推移，它们甚至还能促进减肥。）”可

知，本句承接上文，解释棕色脂肪细胞的作用，E选项中They指代上文brownfatcells。故E选项“它们

通过产生热量对控制体温很重要。”符合语境，故选E。

【19题详解】

根据本段内容“Incoldweather,anevenbodytemperaturecanbebeneficialforagoodnight?srest.Asourbodies

trytokeepwarmwhenifs"coldout,bloodvesselsgetnarrowerandhelpcontrolyoursleeptemperatureforamore

relaxedandrestfulsleep.Peoplesleepingincolderenvironmentsgenerallywakeupfeelingmorerefreshedthan

thosesleepinginwarmertemperatures.（在寒冷的天气里，稳定的体温有助于晚上睡个好觉。当外面很冷的时

候，我们的身体会试图保持温暖，血管会变窄，帮助控制你的睡眠温度，从而获得更放松、更安宁的睡

眠。睡在寒冷环境中的人醒来时通常比睡在温暖环境中的人更神清气爽。）”可知，本段的主旨是寒冷的天

气有助于睡眠。故A选项“它有助于睡眠。”符合语境，故选A。

[20题详解】

根据后文“Lowtemperaturesforceustodresswarmlyagainstthecold,leadingtoprotectionagainst

environmentalaspectsthatwouldotherwiseremovewaterfromourskin.（低温迫使我们穿上暖和的衣服来抵御

寒冷，从而保护我们免受环境因素的影响，否则会使皮肤失去水分。）”可知，后文提到低温会避免皮肤失

去水分，即寒冷天气对皮肤有好处。故F选项“寒冷的天气可以使我们的皮肤看起来和感觉健康。”符合

语境，故选F。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalforChinese.Thisyear,Idecidedtoparticipateinallthe

activitiesorganizedfor21studentstocelebratetheSpringFestival.

Thepreparationbeganamonthago,22ourroomswithSpringFestivalcouplets（对联）andNewYear

paintings.Laterwe23anactivitytowriteSpringFestivalcouplets.WhenIsawmyteacherbringaspecial

kindofpen,Ibecame24toknowwhatitwascalled.Inaddition,weweregoingtouseabrushto

25Chinesecharactersonredpaper.Besides,therewasanother26thingcalledink.After

27thetoolsneededforSpringFestivalcouplets,westartedour28journey.Theteachertaughtus

howtoholdawritingbrush.Itriedtoholdit,29itintheink,andstartwritingcarefully,butthe

30ofthepenwastoosoftandIcouldn't31itatall.IwasdisappointedbutIdidnotgive

up.Icarefullystudiedtheteacher5s32.Afterseveral