英语语言学 知到智慧树网课答案

英语语言学-知到答案、智慧树答案第一章单元测试1、问题：Toputitinasimpleway,linguisticsstudies________,meaningoflinguisticunits,andtheuseandinterpretationofasentenceindifferentcontexts.选项：A:sentencestructureB:propertiesofspeechsoundsC:combinationofspeechsoundsintoameaningfulunitD:wordformation答案:【sentencestructure;propertiesofspeechsounds;combinationofspeechsoundsintoameaningfulunit;wordformation】2、问题：Tohaveascientificlanguagestudy,wemustpursuebrevityinanalyzingthedataandinstatingourfindings,whichcanbesummarizedasthestandardof________.选项：A:consistencyB:exhaustivenessC:objectivityD:economy答案:【economy】3、问题：Parolereferstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunity.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】4、问题：ThereasonforFrenchmentousechevalandforEnglishtousehorsetorefertothesameanimalisinexplicable.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】5、问题：Ofspeechandwriting,modernlinguisticsregardswritingastheprimarymediumofcommunication.选项：A:错B:对答案:【错】6、问题：AccordingtoChomsky,competenceistheactualrealizationoftheperformanceinlinguisticcommunication.选项：A:错B:对答案:【错】7、问题：Whichofthefollowingdisciplinesarerelatedtoappliedlinguistics?选项：A:physicsB:educationC:psycholinguisticsD:geology答案:【education;psycholinguistics】8、问题：Unlikeanimalcommunicationsystems,humanlanguageis________.选项：A:underimmediatestimuluscontrolB:stimulatedbysomeoccurrenceofcommunalinterestC:stimulusfreeD:stimulusbound答案:【stimulusfree】9、问题：________hasbeenwidelyacceptedastheforefatherofmodernlinguistics.选项：A:BloomfieldB:ChomskyD:deSaussure答案:【deSaussure】10、问题：Bysayinglanguageisarbitrary,wemeanthatthereisnologicalconnectionbetweenmeaningand________.选项：A:phonemeB:wordC:morphemeD:sound答案:【sound】第二章单元测试1、问题：Whatkindofsoundscanwemake,whenthevocalcordsarevibrating?选项：C:Glottalstop答案:【】2、问题：Whichoneisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtomannersofarticulation?选项：A:[z]B:[w]C:[v]D:[f]答案:【[w]】3、问题：WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbeconsideredasaminimalpair?选项：A:but-cutB:but-putC:but-batD:but-bus答案:【but-put】4、问题：Thesound/z/canbedescribedwith“voiced,________,alveolar”.选项：A:palatalB:affricateC:labiodentalD:fricative答案:【fricative】5、问题：InEnglish,ifthreeconsonantsclustertogetheratthebeginningofaword,thecombinationcouldbethefollowingEXCEPT________.选项：A:[skw]B:[spl]C:[sks]D:[spr]E:[stj]答案:【[sks];[stj]】6、问题：Aphonemeinonelanguageoronedialectmaybeanallophoneinanotherlanguageordialect.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】7、问题：Thespeechsoundswhichareincomplementarydistributionaredefinitelyallophonesofthesamephoneme.选项：A:错B:对答案:【错】8、问题：BroadTranscriptionisintendedtosymbolizeallthepossiblespeechsounds,includingtheminuteshades.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】9、问题：Theinitialsoundof“peak”isaspiratedwhilethesecondsoundof“speak”isunaspirated.Theyareallophones.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】10、问题：Phoneticsimilaritymeansthattheallophonesofaphonememustbearsomemorphologicalresemblance.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】第三章单元测试1、问题：Theitalicizedwordinthesentence“Theyarebetterfed,betterhoused,andbetterclothedthaneverbefore”isagoodexampleof________.选项：A:blendingB:derivationC:compoundingD:conversion答案:【conversion】2、问题：Wecanclassifymorphemesinto________.选项：A:derivationalmorphemesandinflectionalmorphemesB:adjectivemorphemesandnumeralmorphemesC:lexicalmorphemesandgrammaticalmorphemesD:boundmorphemesandfreemorphemes答案:【derivationalmorphemesandinflectionalmorphemes;lexicalmorphemesandgrammaticalmorphemes;boundmorphemesandfreemorphemes】3、问题：________ofthefourwordsaregoodexamplesofcompounding.选项：A:blueprintB:mouthfulC:blackboardD:hotdog答案:【blueprint;blackboard;hotdog】4、问题：A(n)________isthesmallestmeaningfullinguisticunitoflanguage,notdivisibleoranalyzableintosmallerforms.选项：A:wordB:lexemeC:allomorphD:morpheme答案:【morpheme】5、问题：Thewordchildrencontains_________morphemes选项：A:2B:3C:1D:4答案:【2】6、问题：Theitalicizedwordinsentence________,theitalicizedpartDOESN'Tinvolveconversion.选项：A:Hissmilecouldnotverywellmaskhisanger.B:Theteachertoldthestudentstobequiet.C:Thebookyellowedwithage.D:Hewalkedcarefullysoasnottowethisshoes.答案:【Theteachertoldthestudentstobequiet.】7、问题：Mostprefixescanoccurasindependentwords.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】8、问题：Suchcompoundsasquick-frozen,far-fetched,fresh-baked,andlong-awaitedarecreatedby“a./ad.+v.-ed”.选项：A:错B:对答案:【对】9、问题：InAmericanEnglish,compoundsareNOTusuallywrittensolidassoonastheyhavegainedsomepermanentstatus.选项：A:错B:对答案:【错】10、问题：Acompoundcanbeformedbyplacinganylexicaliteminfrontofanother.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】第四章单元测试1、问题：Syntaxisthestudyofhowwordsandphrasesareproperlyformedoutofelementsofalanguage.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】2、问题：Manysyntactictheorieshavedevelopedinresponsetogenerativesyntax.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】3、问题：Inthecourseofitsdevelopment,generativegrammargraduallyshifteditsfocusfromlanguageitselftothenativespeaker’sknowledgeoflanguage.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】4、问题：Inthegenerativetradition,languageisusuallyunderstoodtorefertotheallthelanguagestructuresthatnativespeakerscangenerate.选项：A:错B:对答案:【错】5、问题：AccordingtoChomsky,I-languagereferstoasetofsentencesanativespeakercanuse.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】6、问题：Thesub-componentwhichincludestherulesgoverningwordformationiscalled________.选项：A:pragmaticsB:phonologyC:morphologyD:semantics答案:【morphology】7、问题：________istosyntaxwhatphonemetophonologyandmorphemetomorphology.选项：A:SentenceB:MeaningC:UtteranceD:Syntacticcategory答案:【Syntacticcategory】8、问题：Amongthefollowingcategories,________arewordcategories.选项：A:VPB:PC:Adj.D:NP答案:【P;Adj.】9、问题：InthecategoryofCP,letterCstandsfor____________.选项：A:curriculumB:complementC:complementizerD:capital答案:【complementizer】10、问题：AdverbsinEnglishcanbedividedinto________.选项：A:bigadverbsB:sentence-adverbsC:manneradverbsD:smalladverbs答案:【sentence-adverbs;manneradverbs】第五章单元测试1、问题：Theapproachtosemanticstudythatismoreconcernedwiththerelationshipbetweenlinguisticexpressionsandthephenomenaintheworldtowhichtheyrefermaybecalled________.选项：A:CognitiveSemanticsB:LogicalSemanticsC:FormalSemanticsD:LinguisticSemantics答案:【LogicalSemantics】2、问题：TheContextualistViewofmeaningisbasedonthepresumptionthatonecanderivemeaningfromobservablecontexts.选项：A:错B:对答案:【对】3、问题：Meaningcanbestudiedas________.选项：A:contextsB:conceptsC:namingD:behavior答案:【contexts;concepts;naming;behavior】4、问题：Predicationanalysisistobreakdownpredicationsintotheirconstituents:________and________.选项：A:headB:argumentC:predicateD:complement答案:【argument;predicate】5、问题：Thepredicationofthesentence“Jackishappy”issaidtoconsistofJack,the_________,andhappy,thepredicate.选项：A:predicationB:subjectC:argumentD:predicate答案:【argument】6、问题：Thesenserelationsbetweenwordscanbeanalyzedintermsoftruthconditions.选项：A:错B:对答案:【错】7、问题：Asforgradableantonyms,thedenialofoneistheassertionoftheother.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】8、问题：Apairofcomplementaryantonymsischaracterizedbythefeaturethatthedenialofonememberimpliestheassertionoftheother.选项：A:错B:对答案:【对】9、问题：TheconceptofREFERENCEcanberegardedasaconnectionbetweenthelinguisticelementandthenon-linguisticworldofexperience.选项：A:错B:对答案:【对】10、问题：AccordingtotheclassicsemantictrianglesuggestedbyOgdenandRichards,themeaningofawordistheconceptconnectingthewordwiththerealthingintheworld.ThisconceptiscalledReferenceorTh选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】第六章单元测试1、问题：Alltheactsthatbelongtothesamecategoryactsharethesamepurposeorthesameillocutionaryact,andtheyarethesameintheirstrengthorforce.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】2、问题：ConversationparticipantsalmostalwaysobservetheCPandthemaximsoftheCP.选项：A:错B:对答案:【错】3、问题：Asentenceisgrammaticalconcept,andthemeaningofasentenceisoftenstudiedastheabstractintrinsicpropertyofthesentenceitselfintermsofapredication选项：A:错B:对答案:【对】4、问题：Utteranceisbasedonsentencemeaning;itistherealizationoftheabstractmeaningofasentenceinarealsituationofcommunicationorsimplyinacontext.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】5、问题：Alltheutterancethatcanbemadetoservethesamepurposemayvaryintheir________form.选项：A:pragmaticB:syntacticC:grammaticalD:semantic答案:【syntactic】6、问题：TheCooperativePrincipleisproposedby________.选项：A:JohnAustinC:JohnSearleD:PaulGrice答案:【PaulGrice】7、问题：Themaximofquantityrequires:________.选项：A:Makeyourcontributionasinformativeasrequired.B:Donotmakecontributionmoreinformativethanisrequired.C:Donotsaythatforwhichyoulackadequateevidence.D:Donotsaysomethingthatisnotrelevant.答案:【Makeyourcontributionasinformativeasrequired.;Donotmakecontributionmoreinformativethanisrequired.】8、问题：MostoftheviolationsofthemaximsoftheCPgiveriseto________.选项：A:alloftheoptionsB:conversationalimplicaturesC:speechacttheoryD:utterancemeaning答案:【conversationalimplicatures】9、问题：ThesignificanceofGrice’sCPliesinthatitexplainshowitispossibleforthespeakertoconvey________isliterallysaid.选项：A:noneoftheoptionsB:lessthanC:morethanD:thesameas答案:【morethan】第七章单元测试1、问题：ThefollowingistheclippedwordsEXCEPT________.选项：A:fridgeB:butchC:infoD:cam答案:【butch】2、问题：AsaresultoftheNormanConquestof1066,vastquantitiesof________wordswereaddedtotheEnglishvocabulary.选项：A:LatinB:GermanC:FrenchD:Roman答案:【French】3、问题：MorphologicalandsyntacticchangesinEnglishlanguageincludingthefollowingEXCEPT________.选项：A:lossofinflectionsB:changeinagreementruleC:processofsimplificationD:analogicchange答案:【analogicchange】4、问题：ThefollowingarethemethodsfortheadditionofnewwordsEXCEPT________.选项：A:blendingB:clippingC:back-formationD:meaningshift答案:【meaningshift】5、问题：Themeaningofwordaccidenthasundergonetheprocessof________.选项：A:meaningelevationB:narrowingofmeaningC:wideningofmeaningD:meaningdegradation答案:【narrowingofmeaning】6、问题：Thewordpioneerusedtorefertoafootsoldierwhoclearedthewayforanyarmybyfallingtrees,butnowitreferstoapersonwhogoesbefore,preparingthewayforothers,asascientistdoingexploratorywo选项：A:meaningelevationB:narrowingofmeaningC:meaningdegradationD:wideningofmeaning答案:【meaningelevation】7、问题：Whichofthefollowingwordsareformedbyclipping?选项：A:comfyB:sci-fiC:bookkeepD:docudramaE:script答案:【comfy;script】8、问题：Onlywordsofthesamepartsofspeechcanbecombinedtoformcompounds.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】9、问题：Alltheformerjobtitleswith-manhavebeenreplacedbythenewjobtitleswith-person.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】10、问题：Thechangeofgrammariscausedbyeconomyofmemory.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】第八章单元测试1、问题：Someonewhocanspeakmanylanguagesiscalled________.选项：A:GeniusB:LinguistC:BilingualistD:Polyglot答案:【Polyglot】2、问题：Thesocialfactorsinsociolinguisticstudiesdoinclude________.选项：A:EducationalbackgroundB:SocialclassC:OccupationD:Socialhierarchy答案:【Educationalbackground;Socialclass;Occupation;Socialhierarchy】3、问题：Ethnicdialectsaremainlyspokenbyalessprivilegedpopulation,suchasthe________.选项：B:BritishEnglishC:BlackEnglishD:AmericanEnglish答案:【BlackEnglish】4、问题：Code-switchingcanhappenin________.选项：A:GermanyB:HongkongC:BelgiumD:Macao答案:【Germany;Hongkong;Belgium;Macao】5、问题：Fromdifferentperspectives,sociolinguisticsmaybeclassifiedinto________.选项：A:SociolinguisticsandsocialdialectsB:BroadsociolinguisticsandnarrowsociolinguisticsC:SociolinguisticsandsociologyoflanguageD:Macro-sociolinguisticsandmicro-sociolinguistics答案:【Broadsociolinguisticsandnarrowsociolinguistics;Sociolinguisticsandsociologyoflanguage;Macro-sociolinguisticsandmicro-sociolinguistics】6、问题：Gendervarietiesarisebecauselanguage,asasocialphenomenon,iscloselyrelatedtosocialattitudes.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】7、问题：Macro-studiesaretolookatsocietyasawholeandconsiderhowlanguagefunctionsinitandhowitreflectsthesocialdifferentiations.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】8、问题：Forasociolinguist,code-switchingmeanstheswitchmadebyaspeakerorwriterfromonelanguageorlanguagevarietytoanother.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】9、问题：GreekdoesnotbelongtoIndo-EuropeanLanguageFamily.选项：A:错B:对答案:【错】10、问题：Insociolinguistics,code-switchingistheuseofmorethanonelinguisticvarietyinamannerconsistentwiththesyntaxandphonologyofeachvariety.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】第九章单元测试1、问题：Languageisheavilytintedwithitsculture,andculturealsoaffectsitspeople’slanguageuses.选项：A:错B:对答案:【对】2、问题：Acculturationmeansacontinuingprocesswherebyanindividualacquiresapersonalidentityandlearnsthenorms,values,behavior,andsocialskillsappropriatetohisorhersocialposition.选项：A:错B:对答案:【错】3、问题：Theappearanceofloanwordsisonetypicalexampleofculturaldiffusion.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】4、问题：Languageandculturearecloselyrelatedtoeachother,anditisextremelydifficulttoseparatethetwo.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】5、问题：Theignoranceofculturaldifferenceswillnotnecessarilycreatebarriersinlearningthetargetlanguageandincommunication.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】6、问题：Denotativemeaningreferstothemeaningthatisn’tstatedbutimplied;theimplicationofaword,apartfromitsprimarymeaning.选项：A:错B:对答案:【错】7、问题：Asthesayinggoes“Aman’shomeishiscastle”,westernpeopleplaceahighvalueon________.选项：A:complimentB:addressingC:proverbD:privacy答案:【privacy】8、问题：Successfulcommunicationoccurswhenthelistenercan________fromthespeaker’spointofview.选项：A:smellthingsB:understandthewaysofknowingtheworldC:sensethefeelingstogivenissuesD:seethings答案:【understandthewaysofknowingtheworld;sensethefeelingstogivenissues;seethings】9、问题：Incross-culturalcommunication,________arekeypointstomutualunderstandingandcanserveasthebridgethatwillhelpustranscendculturalbarriers.选项：A:sensitivityB:sincerityC:honestyD:nationalism答案:【sincerity;honesty】10、问题：Alinguisticsignmaysimultaneouslyhave________meaningswhichareboundwithculturalencodingsorassociations.选项：A:connotativeB:denotativeC:ironicD:associative答案:【connotative;denotative;ironic】第十章单元测试1、问题：Thecommondenialthatbirdsareanimalsamongveryyoungchildrenisatypicalexampleofover-extension.选项：A:错B:对答案:【错】2、问题：Dyslexiareferstotheabnormaldifficultyinreadingandspellingcausedbyabrainlesion.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】3、问题：Accordingtothebehavioristviewoflanguageacquisition,________and________arepreliminaryorfundamental,anddiscriminationandgeneralizationarecrucialorkeytolanguagedevelopment.选项：A:imitationB:innermechanismC:pre-equippedUGD:practice答案:【imitation;practice】4、问题：Accordingtotheinteractionistviewoflanguageacquisition,languagedevelopmentisaresultofthecomplexinteractionbetween________and________.选项：A:theenvironmentinwhichthechilddevelopsB:thehumancharacteristicsofthechildC:theconceptsthechildhasformedabouttheworldD:thereinforcementthechildhasreceived答案:【theenvironmentinwhichthechilddevelops;thehumancharacteristicsofthechild】5、问题：Manystudiesofchildren’sacquisitionsequencesanderrorsinvariouslanguageshaverevealedthatchildrenhavesome________formakingsenseoflanguageinformation.选项：A:rewardprinciplesB:reinforcementprinciplesC:grammarprinciplesD:operatingprinciples答案:【operatingprinciples】6、问题：AccordingtoChomsky,humanbeingsarenotbiologicallyprogrammedforlanguageandthelanguagedevelopsinthechildwithextremeattentionandefforts.选项：A:错B:对答案:【错】7、问题：Theinnatistsarguethatchildrencandiscovertherulesandprinciplesunderneaththelanguagebytrialanderror.选项：A:错B:对答案:【错】8、问题：Thespeechcontainscontentwordsandlacksfunctionelementscanbecalled________.选项：A:caretakertalkB:childdirectedspeechC:telegraphicspeechD:motherese答案:【telegraphicspeech】9、问题：Achildmaygetconfusedhearingthecolorofwhiteusedforpaperbecauseheoriginallythoughtitasthewordonlyforsnow.Thisphenomenonbelongsto________.选项：A:overgeneralizationB:analogyC:under-extensionD:over-extension答案:【under-extension】10、问题：Whichofthefollowingisthetermmeaningrepetitionofsounds,syllables,orphraseswherethespeakercannot“release”thewords?选项：A:stutteringB:autismC:aphasiaD:dysgraphia答案:【stuttering】第十一章单元测试1、问题：Interlanguageisdefinedasanabstractsystemoflearners’targetlanguagesystem.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】2、问题：Thegoalofcontrastiveanalysisistopredictwhatareaswillbeeasytolearnandwhatareaswillbedifficulttolearn.选项：A:错B:对答案:【对】3、问题：Contrastiveanalysisinvolvesdescribingthelearners’interlanguage,thencomparingthetwoformstolocatemismatches.选项：A:对B:错答案:【错】4、问题：Itisgenerallybelievedthatpeoplelearntheirfirstlanguageconsciouslyandacquiretheirsecondlanguagenaturally.选项：A:错B:对答案:【错】5、问题：Mistakesoftenoccurwhenlearnersfailtoperformtheircompetence,suggestingfailurein________.选项：A:knowledgeB:performanceC:competenceD:attention答案:【performance】6、问题：________errorsoccurwhenthelearnermisusesanitembecauseitsharesfeatureswithaniteminthenativelanguage.选项：A:transferB:interlingualC:developmentalD:intralingual答案:【transfer;interlingual】7、问题：AccordingtoKrashen,________and________weretwoindependentmeansorroutesofsecondlanguagelearning.选项：A:transferB:inputC:learningD:acquisition答案:【learning;acquisition】8、问题：*“Ilosedthegame.”and“Therearetensheeps.”areillustrationsof________andperformanceerrors.选项：A:overgeneralizationB:transfermistakesC:cross-associationD:developmentalmistakes答案:【overgeneralization】9、问题：Itisgenerallyacceptedthatsuccessfullearnerstendtousemorestrategiesandusethemmoreselectivelyandflexibly.选项：A:错B:对答案:【对】10、问题：Accordingtocontrastiveanalysis,thegreaterthedifferencesbetweenL1andL2,themorefrequentlytheerrorwilloccur.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】第十二章单元测试1_、问题：_______producefastandfluentspeechwithgoodintonationandpronunciationbutthecontentoftheirspeechrangesfrommildlyinappropriatetocompletenonsense,oftenasunintelligible.选项：A:ThelinguisticdeprivationC:Thedamageontheangulargyrus答案:【】2、问题：________isthestudyoflanguageinrelationtothemind.选项：A:PsycholinguisticsB:LinguisticsC:SemanticsD:Sociolinguistics答案:【Psycholinguistics】3、问题：Thebrainisdividedintotworoughlysymmetricalhalves,called________,oneontherightandoneontheleft.选项：A:hemispheresB:cortexesC:stemsD:cerebrums答案:【hemispheres】4、问题：Whichofthefollowingpartsofthebrainaccountsforthehumandistinctnessintheanimalworld?选项：A:cerebralcortexB:cerebrumC:brainstemD:neuron答案:【cerebralcortex】5、问题：Whichofthefollowingmethodsareusedtoexaminethebehaviorassociatedwiththebrain?选项：A:splitbrainstudiesC:dichoticlisteningD:CETE:autopsystudies答案:【splitbrainstudies;dichoticlistening】6、问题：Lefthemisphereisprimarilyresponsibleforlanguageandtherearespecificlanguageareaswithinthelefthemisphere.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】7、问题：Ithasbeenprovedthattherightearshowsanadvantagefortheperceptionoflinguisticsignal.选项：A:对B:错答案:【对】8、问题：Mostright-handedindividualshavelanguagerepresentedinthelefthemisphereandleft-handershavelanguageloc