2025版高考英语一轮总复习素养提升专题二“形”“态”各异的动词第二讲非谓语动词

专题二“形”“态”各异的动词第二讲非谓语动词Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2023·北京卷)Shecalledforactiontoaddress(address)thestrugglesofpeoplearoundtheworldfacing(face)“toolittlewaterortoodirtywater”.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知，第一空address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填toaddress。分析句子结构可知，第二空face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填facing。2．(2023·全国甲卷)Forthousandsofyears，peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)toteach(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.解析：考查非谓语动词。此处与topassonwisdom并列作目的状语。故填toteach。3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Nanxiangaside，thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin，allowingthemtobelifted(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.解析：考查非谓语动词。根据搭配allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语liftout与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的被动关系，空处需填动词不定式的被动式。故填tobelifted。4．(2023·全国乙卷)Beijingisacitybridgingtheancientandthemodern.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums，narrowhutongtoroyalpalaces，itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout，withthecitykeepingitscarefullybuilt(build)systemofringroads.解析：考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词作定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“systemofringroads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。5．(2023·全国乙卷)Havingvisited(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years，Iwasamazedbytheco-existenceofoldandnew，andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.解析：考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词充当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“overthelast10years”可知，用现在完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成式；置于句首，首字母应大写。故填Havingvisited。6．(2023·全国乙卷)Asaphotographer，Ihavespentthelasttwoyearsrecording(record)everythingIdiscovered.解析：考查非谓语动词。spendtime(in)doingsth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词作宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。7．(2023·全国甲卷)Carsonusesasimple，directstylecommontofable.Infact，herstyleandtone(口吻)areseeminglydirectedatchildren.“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica，wherealllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithitssurroundings，”herfablebegins，borrowing(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.解析：考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，所以此处应用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语herfable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以此处用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。8．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(阳台),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthefalling(fall)child.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的heldout为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”，child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。9．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbeduptosee(see)them.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climbedup为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们)，故应该使用todo不定式作目的状语。故填tosee。10．(2022·浙江1月卷)ThatapproachbroughtCobb'sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplanstocontinue(continue)thepractice.“Ithasbeenfairlyrewarding,”shesays,“areallypositivechange.”解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plantodosth.计划做某事。故填tocontinue。11．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventurethatoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorest(rest)yourachinglegs.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然这是你上山途中唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并提供了一个地方，你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的腿。根据句意和句子结构此处应填torest来作目的状语。故填torest。12．(2021·全国甲卷)Afterspending(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhatbetterthantorideonapieceofhistory!解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑着自行车游览一段历史更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。13．(2021·全国乙卷)Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecomeeducated(educate)abouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics...解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色……。分析句子成分可知，educate与traveler之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填educated。14．(2021·全国乙卷)Activitiesthererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(远足)andaccommodationsaimtohave(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aimtodo译为“旨在；目的是”。故填tohave。15．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Butthat'shownatureis—alwaysleavingusastonished(astonish)．解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用-ed结尾非谓语动词。故填astonished。16．(2021·浙江1月高考)In1985，urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountriesstudied(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，两者存在被动关系，要用studied作定语。故填studied。17．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Theyrepresenttheearthcoming(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.解析：考查非谓语动词。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词theearth与comebackto之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。18．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Theyareeasytocare(care)forandmakegreatpresents.解析：考查非谓语动词。这里考查“be＋形容词＋todo”结构。故填tocare。19．(2021·天津3月卷改编)—How'stheprojectgoing?—Sofarsogood.Allwehavetodoisfinish(finish)thelastbitofwork.解析：考查非谓语动词。不定式作表语，前面的主语有实义动词do，后面表语todo的to省略。故填finish。20．(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Aswellaslookingatexhibits，visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模拟)andimaginethemselveslivingatadifferenttimeinhistoryorwalking(walk)througharainforest.解析：考查非谓语动词。此处与living是并列成分，共同作imagine的宾语，imaginesb.doingsth.想象某人做某事。因此sb.doingsth.为imagine后动名词的复合结构。故填walking。21．(2020·浙江卷)Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnologytochange(change)lives.解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，简单句中已有动词gave，设空处需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式作定语，修饰technology。故填tochange。22．(2022·全国甲卷)Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi'an,asafirststeptojourney(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.解析：考查非谓语动词。afirststeptodosth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事的第一步”。本句中的谓语动词是hiked，所给词journey在句中作后置定语，意为“旅行”，故填tojourney。23．(2022·全国甲卷)Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi'antoKashgaronSept.20,planning(plan)tohikebacktoXi'aninfivemonths.解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句已有谓语动词flew，设空处应用非谓语动词形式，且主语He和plan之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填planning。24．(2022·全国乙卷)“...Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywithashared(share)futureformankind，”hesaid.解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词形式。动词share与其逻辑主语future之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语，修饰名词future。故填shared。25．(2022·全国乙卷)Tostrengthen(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,invitingtwenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，设空处应用动词不定式作目的状语，且设空处位于句首，故填Tostrengthen。26．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Covering(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，GPNP将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语theGPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。27．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincrease(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填toincrease。Ⅱ.语法填空非谓语动词专练Passage1Chinahasbecomethefirstcountry1.toland(land)aspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang'e-4probe(探测器)—thename2.wasinspired(inspire)byanancientChinesemoongoddess—toucheddownlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.3.Landing(land)onthemoon'sfarsideisextremely4.challenging(challenge)．Becausethemoon'sbody5.blocks(block)directradiocommunicationwithaprobe，Chinafirst6.had(have)toputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspotwhereitcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticularinteresttoscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山)，moresothanthefamiliarnearside.Chineseresearchershope7.touse(use)theinstrumentsonboardChang'e-48.tofind(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.“Thisreallyexcitesscientists，”CarlePieters，ascientistatBrownUniversity，says，“becauseitmeanswehavethechance9.toobtain(obtain)informationabouthowthemoonisconstructed.”Dataaboutthemoon'scomposition，suchashowmuchiceandothertreasuresitcontains，couldhelpChinadecidewhetheritsplansforafuturelunar(月球的)base10.are(be)practical.语篇导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功软着陆，中国成为第一个使探测器在月球背面软着陆的国家。解析：1．考查非谓语动词。当被修饰词是序数词或被序数词修饰时，用todo作定语。故填toland。2．考查动词的时态和语态。根据题意，该探测器的名字是受了月神嫦娥的启发，表被动，而且被启发是过去的事情。故填wasinspired。3．考查非谓语动词。根据题意，此处在句中作主语，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Landing。4．考查非谓语动词。根据题意，此处应该是“极具挑战性的”，作表语，主语为动名词短语。故填challenging。5．考查动词的时态。because引导原因状语从句，从句中要有谓语，而且themoon'sbody是单数，此处又为客观事实，所以谓语动词要用单数形式。故填blocks。6．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据题意“中国发射嫦娥四号”是过去的事情，而且后面的从句也是使用的couldsend作谓语。故填had。7．考查非谓语动词。hope后跟不定式作宾语。故填touse。8．考查非谓语动词。根据题意，研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备去发现和研究月球南极的艾肯盆地。此处为usesth.todo结构，其中todo表示目的状语。故填tofind。9．考查非谓语动词。当被修饰词是chance，opportunity，way，ability等抽象名词时，其后常跟todo作定语。故填toobtain。10．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据题意，此处在whether引导的宾语从句中作谓语，且主语itsplans是复数形式，此处时态应为一般现在时。故填are。Passage2Poetryisneverfarawayfromourdailylife.Manyofusgrewup1.reciting(recite)classicpoems,learning2.toenjoy(enjoy)thisbeautifulartformthatisabletousejustafewlines3.toconvey(convey)suchrichmeanings.TheBookofSongs，4.dating(date)backtotheWesternZhouDynasty,hasalongerhistorythantheHomericepics.Eventoday,classicpoemsareappreciatedbyalotofpeople.5.Torecognize(recognize)theuniqueabilityofpoetryandcaptureitscreativespirit,WorldPoetryDayisheldbytheUnitedNationsonMarch21eachyear6.tosupport(support)linguisticdiversitythroughpoeticexpression.ChinesePoetryConference7.featuring(feature)classicpoetryisextremelypopular.Thecompetitionsawover100participants8.taking(take)partinanumberofchallenges.Theparticipants,whoseagesrangedfrom7to70,includedstudents,farmers,teachersandforeigncompetitorswithaninterestinChineseliterature.AndevenTVseriesinvolvingpoetryareverysuccessful.Forexample，inEmpressesinthePalace(甄嬛传),oneofthedrama'smost9.moving(move)songswasadaptedfromapoem10.written(write)byWenTingyunoftheTangDynasty.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。简单介绍了中国古典诗歌和现在的《中国诗词大会》。解析：1．考查非谓语动词。句子主语Manyofus和recite在逻辑上是主动关系，应用现在分词，作伴随状语。故填reciting。2．考查非谓语动词。learntodosth.表示“学会做某事”。故填toenjoy。3．考查非谓语动词。能够用几行诗句表达如此丰富的意思。usesth.todosth.用某物做某事。故填toconvey。4．考查非谓语动词。句意：起源于西周时期的《诗经》的历史要比《荷马史诗》更悠久。根据语境，以及datebackto没被动形式，此处用现在分词作定语