英语（江苏浙江特供卷）-2024年高考英语考前押题密卷（全解全析）

第第页2024年高考考前押题密卷英语·全解全析（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．WhatisJanegoingtodothisevening?A．Workintheoffice. B．FlytoNewYork. C．HavedinnerwithKevin.【答案】B【原文】M:Jane,whyareyouhereintheoffice?IthoughtyouwereleavingforNewYorktoday.W:Yes,butmyflightisnotuntilthisevening.M:Isee.ThenIcangiveyouaridetotheairportafterwork.W:Thankyou,Kevin.That’sveryniceofyou.2．Whatkindofmoviesdoesthewomanlikebest?A．Musicals. B．Actionmovies. C．Documentaries.【答案】C【原文】W:Whattypeofmoviesdoyoulike?M:Ilikeallsortsofmovies,primarilysciencefictionandactionmovies.Whataboutyou?W:Akindoflikemusicals,butmyfavoriteisdocumentaries.3．Howmuchdoesthekeyboardcostnow?A．$40. B．$50. C．$20.【答案】A【原文】W:Pardonme,whatisthepriceofthiskeyboard?Isitonsale?M:Itisusuallyfiftydollars,butitis20%offuntilthefifteenthofthismonth.4．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．Keepthewindowclosed.B．Gooutforfreshair.C．Turnonthefan.【答案】A【原文】M:Weneedtohavesomefreshair.Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?W:Asamatteroffact,I’mfeelingabitcold.5．WhereisMichaelnowprobably?A．Inthegarage. B．Inthegarden. C．Inthebedroom.【答案】C【原文】M:WhereisMichael,mum?Heshouldputhisbikeinthegaragebutit’sleftinthegarden.W:Hehasgonetobedbecauseheisnotfeelingverywell.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。【听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。】6．Wheredoesthewomanlive?A．InApartment205. B．InApartment305. C．InApartment503.7．Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A．Herfridgedoesn’tworkagain.B．Herairconditionerisoutoforder.C．Shedoesn’tknowhowtocook.【答案】6．B7．B【原文】M:Hello.W:Hello.misterWarner.ThisisLucyLocke.M:AhmissLocke.inapartment205?W:No.inapartment305.M:Ohyes,whatcanIdoforyou?Doesyourfridgeneedfixingagain?W:No,it’stheairconditionerthistime.M:Ohsowhat’swrongwithit?W:WellIthinkthetemperaturecontrolneedstobechecked.Itdoesn’tcooldownatall.M:Really?okay,I’llgotolookatitrightaway.W:Thanksalot,Mr.Warner.【听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。】8．Wherearethespeakers?A．InJanice’sapartment. B．Inamovietheater. C．Inabookstore.9．WhatdoweknowaboutJanice?A．Sheishopefulaboutherfuture.B．Shehasn’tfinishedhernovel.C．Shehasbeenrejectedbytenpublishers.【答案】8．B9．A【原文】M:HeyJanice,Ihaven’tseenyouforagessinceyoumovedoutoftheapartment.Fancymeetingyouhereinthecinema.How’severythinggoing?W:Notbad.IthinkIhavealmostachievedmydream.M:Whatdoyoumeanbyalmost?W:I’vefinishedmynovelandI’vesubmittedittotenpublishers.Ibelievegoodluckwillcomeuponmesoon.M:That’sgreattohear.I’llkeepmyfingerscrossedforyou.【听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。】10．WhereisLisa?A．Liverpool. B．London. C．Paris.11．WhatkindofpeopledoesLondonWeekneed?A．Reporters. B．Salesrepresentatives. C．Advertisers.12．HowmuchdidLisaearnmonthlyinherlastjob?A．3,500pounds. B．3,000pounds. C．2,500pounds.【答案】10．A11．B12．C【原文】M:Hey,IthinkIfoundajobthatmightinterestLisa.Whereisshe?W:ShewenttoLiverpoolvisitingfriends,Ithink.Whatisit?M:Well,it’sfromLondonWeek,whichclaimstobetheonlynewspaperforvisitorstoLondon.W:Whatdotheywant?Areporter?M:No,it’swhattheycallasalesrepresentative.W:Hmm.Couldbeinteresting.Howmuchdoesitpay?M:Notbad.Threethousandpoundsamonth.That’sfivehundredpoundsmorethanwhatshemadeinherlastjob.W:Notbadatall.Anyrequirement?M:Salespeoplewithnolessthantwoyearsofexperience,notnecessarilyinadvertising.Lisa’sgotplentyofthat.W:Anyotherdetailsaboutthejob?M:No,justthepaidtripstoParisontopofthesalary.W:Well,let’stellLisa.She’llbebacktomorrowIexpect.【听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。】13．What’swrongwiththeman?A．Hehasaheartache. B．Hehasarunningnose. C．Hehasachestpain.14．Whendidthesymptomsbegin?A．Thismorning. B．Threedaysago. C．Lastweek.15．Whatdoesthewomanarrangefortheman?A．Anonlineconsultation. B．Amedicaltest. C．Anurgentoperation.16．Whatdidthemanplantodotonight?A．Haveabigmeal. B．Orderaticket. C．Bookarestaurant.【答案】13．C14．B15．B16．A【原文】W:Michael!WhatcanIdoforyoutoday?M:Well.Ms.Green,IfeellikeI’mdying!Idon’tknowifI’mjusttiredorwhat,butI’mnotmyself!I’vehadrandomchestpains.W:Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?Doyouhavearunningnose?M:No,Ithinkit’ssomethingelse.Ihavefeltsickforthepastthreedays.W:Well,itcouldbeheartburn.Dofattyfoodsordrinkslikecoffeesetitoff?M:No,Idon’tknow.Butthesechestpainshavemeworried!Doyouthinkitcouldbecancer?W:Ithinkweneedtodosomescansandbloodworktonarrowthisdown.I’llbookyouforanappointmenttomorrow.Anddon’teatanythingbeforetomorrow’stest.M:ButI’mgoingoutforabuffettonight!Ialreadyboughttheticketslastweek.I’vebeenlookingforwardtoitforalongtime.W:No,notanymore.Doctor’sorders!【听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。】17．WhatdoweknowaboutVikings’beliefsaboutteeth?A．Theyvaluetheteethalot.B．Theythinkteetharegoodweapons.C．Theythinkteethshouldn’tbeburied.18．WhydoesthespeakermentionoldEuropeantraditions?A．ToshowtheconnectionbetweenVikingsandtoothcare.B．Toshowtheconnectionbetweenteethandgoodluck.C．Toshowtheconnectionbetweenteethandanimals.19．HowmanyanimalsdoesthespeakermentionrelatedtotheToothFairytale?A．Three. B．Four. C．Five.20．HowcantheToothFairytalehelpchildrenaccordingtothespeaker?A．Itcanentertainthem.B．Ithelpsthemtaketoothcareseriously.C．Itmakeschildrenlovethestory.【答案】17．A18．B19．C20．B【原文】AStudydoneintheUnitedStatesfoundthattheaveragechildreceives$3.70pertooth.oftenthestorygoessomethinglikethis:childrenputtheirlostteethunderapillowandreceivemoneyinexchange.TodaywewilldiscusssomedifferentaspectsoftheToothFairy.InearlyEuropeantraditionsachild’slosttoothwasburied.Familiesbelievedthatthiscouldsavetheirchildfromahardlifeintheirnextlife.Vikingsusedtotaketheirchildren’slostteethinbattleforgoodluckandsomepeopleburiedtheirteethoutoffearofwitches.Theseweresomeearlierideasthatconnectedteethwithgoodluck.ThecurrenttaleofaToothFairyusuallyinvolvesananimal.Therearemanydifferentversionsdependingoncultureandtime.Themostcommonthemeisassociatedwithamouseorarabbit,butothersincludecats,dogs,andevensquirrels.Thereasonsforthedifferentanimalsvary.Forexample,amousehasbeenconnectedtotheToothFairytalebecauseitsteethcontinuetogrowfortheentirelife.RegardlessofthebackgroundoftheToothFairy,itprovidesgreateducationforchildrentotakecareoftheirteeth.Italsohelpspeoplepayattentiontotoothcareinapositiveandfunway.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEveryyear,young,talented,andambitiousnatureconservationistsfromallovertheworldparticipateinthepresentationoftheFutureForNature(FFN)Award,anhonorableinternationalaward.TheFutureForNatureaimsto:•Rewardandfundindividualsfortheiroutstandingeffortsintheprotectionofspeciesofwildlife.•Encouragewinnerstosustaintheirdedicatedwork.·•Helpwinnerstoraisetheirprofiles,extendtheirprofessionalnetworkandstrengthentheirfundingbasis.Benefits•Thewinnerseachreceive50,000eurosandmaymaketheirowndecisiontospendthemoneyintheserviceofnatureconservation.•FFNoffersthewinnersaplatformandbringstheirstoriestotheattentionofconservationists,financiersandawideaudience,allowingthemtoincreasetheirimpactandgainmoreaccesstofunds.•FFNisbuildingagrowingfamilyofwinners,dedicatedpeoplewhoformacommunityofpeoplewiththesameinterest.FFNoffersthemtheopportunitytomeeteachotherandcontinuetolearnwitheachotherinordertocontinuetheirfightfornatureasefficientlyandeffectivelyaspossible.QualificationsThecandidate(候选人):•Mustbebornonorafterthe31stMay1988andbeforethe28thofAugust2005.•Isabletoexplainhis/herconservationworkinfluentEnglish(writtenandspoken)•Hasachievedsubstantialandlong-termbenefitstotheconservationstatusofoneormoreanimalorplantspecies.•Mustbedeterminedtocontinuehis/herconservationwork,astheAwardaimstostimulatethewinner’sfuturework.Itisnotan“endofcareer”prize.AdditionalRemarksForthe2024FutureForFutureAwards,weareagainsearchingfornaturalleaders,whohaveproventhattheycanmakeadifferenceinspecies’survival.Fromallapplications,6to10nominees(被提名者)willbeselected.Theseapplicantswillbeaskedtoprovideadditionalinformation,whichwillbeusedtoselectthefinalAwardees.Ultimately,threeinspiringwildlifeheroesareselectedasthewinners.ApplicationProcess:ApplyonlinethroughtheApplyNowlink.ApplicationDeadline:28thAugust,202321．WhichisoneoftheaimsoftheFutureForNature?A．Toaidmoregreengroups B．Tofundacademiceducation.C．Toinspireconservationefforts. D．Toraiseenvironmentalawareness.22．Thewinnerswillgetthechanceto_______.A．consulttopspecialists B．meetthosewhoareofthesameambitionC．benefitthelocalcommunity D．promoteself-createdplatforms23．Toapplyforthe2024FutureForNatureAwards,candidatesmust________.A．meettheagerequirement B．applyviamailbythedeadlineC．turnintheapplicationinEnglish D．provideadditionalpersonalinformation【答案】21．C22．B23．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“自然未来奖(FFN)”的目的，益处，资格和申请候选人等相关信息。21．细节理解题。根据文章TheFutureForNatureaimsto部分“•Rewardandfundindividualsfortheiroutstandingeffortsintheprotectionofspeciesofwildlife.(•奖励和资助在保护野生动物物种方面做出杰出努力的个人)”和“•Encouragewinnerstosustaintheirdedicatedwork.(•鼓励获奖者坚持他们的敬业精神)”可知，FFN的目标之一是激励保护工作。故选C。22．细节理解题。根据文章Benefits部分“•FFNisbuildingagrowingfamilyofwinners,dedicatedpeoplewhoformacommunityofpeoplewiththesameinterest.FFNoffersthemtheopportunitytomeeteachotherandcontinuetolearnwitheachotherinordertocontinuetheirfightfornatureasefficientlyandeffectivelyaspossible.(•FFN正在建立一个不断壮大的赢家家庭，他们是有奉献精神的人，组成了一个有着相同兴趣的人的社区。FFN为他们提供了见面和继续相互学习的机会，以便尽可能高效地继续为自然而战)”可知，获胜者将有机会认识志同道合的人。故选B。23．细节理解题。根据文章Qualifications部分“Thecandidate:•Mustbebornonorafterthe31stMay1988andbeforethe28thofAugust2005.(候选人:•必须出生于1988年5月31日或之后至2005年8月28日之前)”可知，要申请2024年自然未来奖，候选人必须符合年龄要求。故选A。BIknewitwasgoingtobeabadfireworksseasonthisyearwhenIsawsomanydifferenttentssellingthemtothepublic.Iwasright.Thebangsandbooms(噼啪声)startedbeforethefirstofJanuaryandlastedwaypastthefourth.IhaveneverbeenabigfanoffireworkssinceIwasaboy.ItwasthenthatalocalfairsetoffahugeshownearourhouseandIsawhowthenoiseterrifiedourdogs.Isatonthefloorwiththemduringthewholeshow,holdingtheirshakingbodies.Iknowalotofpeopleenjoythecolorfullightshowsthefireworkscanputonattimes.Theycanbebrightandbeautiful.Still,IfindthatIpreferthegentlerlightsofsummertothesenoisyones.Iloveseeingthemoonrisingabovethehillsintheevening.Itsgentle,smilingfacealwaysremindsmethatsomeonelovesmeandiswatchingovermefromabove.Theshinningstarsalsoalwayslooksoheavenlyandwonderfulwhenyoutakethetimetolookupintotheskiesandwatchthemshine.Ialsolovethebeautiful,blinking(眨眼的)lightsofthefirefliesthistimeoftheyear.Seeingtheirlovely,littlelightsastheyflyaroundalwaysfillsmyheartwithlightanddelightaswell.Itwarmsmysoulandremindsmeofwhataperfectworldwelivein.Ithinkweallmightdobettertogrowthegentlerlightswithinourselves.Oursocietyseemstopraiseandadmirethosewhocomeoffasboomingandbrash(自以为是的).24．Whydoestheauthormentionhischildhood’sexperience?A．Toshareanoldstory.B．Toexplainhistirednessoffireworks.C．Tostressajoyfulatmospherewithfireworks.D．Toremindusofthedangeroffireworks.25．Whydoestheauthorpreferlightslikethemoonlight?A．Becausetheyarebright,andbeautiful.B．Becausetheygivehimpleasantfeelings.C．Becausetheydon’tscarehisdogsanymore.D．Becausetheykeephimfreefrombeingmonitored.26．Howdoestheauthorfeelwhenseeingthefireflies?A．Grateful. B．Joyful. C．Determined. D．Beloved.27．Whatwouldtheauthorwriteaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A．Whygentlerlightsarebetterthannoisyones.B．Whatgentlerlightswillreallybringtoourlife.C．Howwecanmaketheworldagentlerplace.D．Whenwecanstopgreatnoisessuchasfireworks.【答案】24．B25．B26．B27．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者首先讲述了童年时对烟花的厌恶，然后描述了他对柔光的喜爱，并倡导建设一个更加柔和的社会。24．推理判断题。从第一段中的“IhaveneverbeenabigfanoffireworkssinceIwasaboy.(我从小就不太喜欢看烟花)”可知，作者不喜欢烟花，作者讲述童年的经历是为了解释他不喜欢烟花的原因，故选B项。25．细节理解题。从第二段最后一句“Itsgentle,smilingfacealwaysremindsmethatsomeonelovesmeandiswatchingovermefromabove.(它温柔的笑脸总是让我想起有人爱着我，从上面看着我)”可知，作者喜欢像月光一样温柔的光，是因为这能给他被爱、被关注的美妙感觉，故选B项。26．推理判断题。从第三段第三句“Seeingtheirlovely,littlelightsastheyflyaroundalwaysfillsmyheartwithlightanddelightaswell.Itwarmsmysoulandremindsmeofwhataperfectworldwelivein.(当它们飞来飞去时，看到他们可爱的小灯光，总是让我的心充满光明和喜悦。它温暖了我的灵魂，提醒我，我们生活在一个多么完美的世界)”可知，作者看到萤火虫时心情是愉快的，故选B项。27．推理判断题。从文章最后一段第一句“Ithinkweallmightdobettertogrowthegentlerlightswithinourselves.(我想我们都可以做得更好，在我们自己的内心种下更温和的光)”，并结合倒数第二段最后一句“Itwarmsmysoulandremindsmeofwhataperfectworldwelivein.(它温暖了我的灵魂，提醒我，我们生活在一个多么完美的世界)”可知，作者接下来要介绍如何建设一个更柔和的社会，故选C项。CMorethan80percentofglobalheatisabsorbedbytheocean,whichhasamassivecapacitytostoreandgiveoffheat.Highsea-surfacetemperaturesarecausinglong-termdamagetocoralreefs(珊瑚礁).Coralsaredying.TheIPCC(政府间气候变化专门委员会)projectsthatupto90percentofcoralreefscoulddisappearifglobalwarmingreaches1.5℃.Anotherreasoncoralsareintroubleisbecauseofoceanacidification.Highercarbondioxidelevelshaveshiftedthechemistryoftheocean,makingitmoreacidic,andcoralsandseacreatureshavetroublegrowinginacidicconditions.Whenoceanwaterwarms,itexpandsinvolume.Thisisamajorcauseoftheriseinsealevels,alongwiththewateraddedtotheoceanbythemeltingofland-basedglaciers(冰川).Thesealevelhasrisenbyanaverageof20centimeterssincethelate19thcentury,andtheresearchbyscientistsstudyingthelast25yearsofsatellitedatafoundthattheoceanwaterisrisingfasterandfaster.Ifitcontinuesatitscurrentrate,theriseinsealevelby2100willbemorethandoublethecurrentestimates.Sealevelriseleadstothedestructionofcoastalwetlands,floodinganddamagetowaterecosystems.Temperatureandprecipitation(沉淀)arekeyelementsofclimate.Awarmerclimatemeansthatmorewaterrisesfromboththelandandocean,andawarmeratmosphereholdsmoreofthatwater.Scientistshavenoticedthattherearemoreheavyrainfallevents.Additionally,higherwatertemperatureinstreams,lakes,andriversleadtolowerlevelsofdissolvedoxygeninthewater,whichimpactsthesurvivalandpopulationsoffishandothersealife.Especiallytroublingaretheextremeweathereventsthatarehappeningmoreoftenaroundtheworld.Hurricanesarerampingupinintensity,particularlyinNorthAtlantic.Theyear2017wasabusyoneforAtlantichurricanes.Meanwhile,inthewesternUnitedStates,thestateofCaliforniahashadrecord-settingdroughtconditions,whichbeganin2012.28．WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph1?A．Globalwarminghaslittledamagetotheland. B．Oceanacidificationaffectstheseatemperature.C．Coralreefsareindangerofdisappearing. D．Coralsandseacreaturesneedcriticalsurroundings.29．WhatcanbeknownfromParagraph2?A．Sealevelrisehaspositiveeffectonseaanimals.B．By2100thesealevelwillrise20centimeters.C．Globalheatingisthedirectcauseofwetlandsdestruction.D．Theriseofsealevelisbeyondourimagination.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“rampingup”inlastparagraphmean?A．Increasing. B．Failing. C．Appearing. D．Changing.31．Whichisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A．HighSea-surfaceTemperaturestoCreatures B．GlobalWarming,WhatDamagesItCausesC．WaystoStopHighSea-surfaceTemperatures D．ExtremeWeatherEventsandGlobalWarming【答案】28．C29．D30．A31．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球变暖对海洋环境的危害以及对全球气候的影响。28．推理判断题。根据第一段“TheIPCC(政府间气候变化专门委员会)projectsthatupto90percentofcoralreefscoulddisappearifglobalwarmingreaches1.5℃.Anotherreasoncoralsareintroubleisbecauseofoceanacidification.Highercarbondioxidelevelshaveshiftedthechemistryoftheocean,makingitmoreacidic,andcoralsandseacreatureshavetroublegrowinginacidicconditions.(政府间气候变化专门委员会预测，如果全球变暖达到1.5℃，高达90%的珊瑚礁可能会消失。珊瑚陷入困境的另一个原因是海洋酸化。更高的二氧化碳水平改变了海洋的化学成分，使其更具酸性，珊瑚和海洋生物在酸性条件下难以生长)”可知，珊瑚礁处于消失的危险中。故选C。29．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thesealevelhasrisenbyanaverageof20centimeterssincethelate19thcentury,andtheresearchbyscientistsstudyingthelast25yearsofsatellitedatafoundthattheoceanwaterisrisingfasterandfaster.Ifitcontinuesatitscurrentrate,theriseinsealevelby2100willbemorethandoublethecurrentestimates.(自19世纪末以来，海平面平均上升了20厘米，科学家对过去25年的卫星数据进行研究后发现，海水上升的速度越来越快。如果以目前的速度继续下去，到2100年海平面的上升幅度将是目前估计的两倍多)”可知，海平面上升的速度超乎人们的想象。故选D。30．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Especiallytroublingaretheextremeweathereventsthatarehappeningmoreoftenaroundtheworld.(尤其令人不安的是世界各地越来越频繁发生的极端天气事件)”以及后文“Theyear2017wasabusyoneforAtlantichurricanes.(2017年是大西洋飓风频发的一年)”可知，飓风的强度在增加。故划线词意思是“增加”。故选A。31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Morethan80percentofglobalheatisabsorbedbytheocean,whichhasamassivecapacitytostoreandgiveoffheat.Highsea-surfacetemperaturesarecausinglong-termdamagetocoralreefs(珊瑚礁).(全球80%以上的热量被海洋吸收，海洋具有巨大的储存和释放热量的能力。高海面温度正在对珊瑚礁造成长期损害)”以及第二段“Whenoceanwaterwarms,itexpandsinvolume.Thisisamajorcauseoftheriseinsealevels,alongwiththewateraddedtotheoceanbythemeltingofland-basedglaciers(冰川).(当海水变暖时，它的体积会膨胀。这是海平面上升的一个主要原因，同时也是陆地冰川融化向海洋中增加的水的主要原因)”结合文章介绍了全球变暖对海洋环境的危害以及对全球气候的影响。故B项“全球变暖，它造成了什么损害”最能概括全文，适合作文章标题。故选B。DAbouttenyearsago,loggingintoFacebook,Twitter,orInstagramwouldmostlyshowpostsfromfriendsandfamilyintheordertheywereposted.Today,theseplatformspresentamixofcontent,tailoredbyalgorithms(算法)tomatchusers’interests,whetherit’splants,sports,cats,orpolitics.KyleChayka,awriterforTheNewYorker,discussesthistopicinhisbook,Filterworld.Heexplainsthatalgorithmsanalyzeuserdatatopredictandinfluencewhattheywilllikelyengagewith.Thismeansthatinsteadofasimple,chronologicalfeed,usersencounteradynamicstream,constantlyadaptingtotheirpreferences.Chaykaexamineshowthesealgorithmicrecommendationscontrolwhatweconsume,frommusicandmoviestofoodandtraveldestinations.Hearguesthatthismachine-drivenselectionprocesshasturnedusintopassiveconsumers,makingourpreferencesandtastesmoresimilar.Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsmakeuspassivebyalwaysshowinguscontentthatwe’reunlikelytoclickawayfrombutwon’tfindtoounexpectedorchallenging.Thisconstantstreamofrecommendationsreducesourexposuretodiverseorchallengingcontent,subtlyshapingourpreferencesandbehaviors.Moreover,Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsalsopressurecontentcreators,likemusiciansandartists,totailortheirworktofitthesedigitalplatforms.Forinstance,musiciansonSpotifyorTikTokmightfocusoncreatingcatchyhooksatthebeginningoftheirsongstograbthelistener’sattention.Despitethestrongpresenceofthesealgorithms,Chaykabelievesthatregulationcouldreducetheirinfluence.HesuggeststhatifMeta,theparentcompanyofFacebook,wererequiredtoseparateitsvariousservices,likeInstagramorWhatsApp,andmakethemcompetewitheachother,itcouldgiveusersmorecontrolandchoiceovertheirdigitalconsumption.Insummary,thechangefromsimple,time-orderedsocial.mediapoststoalgorithm-drivencontenthasabigimpactonboththeviewersandthecreators,influencingwhatwesee,hear,andeventhink.Chayka’sinsightshighlighttheneedforgreaterawarenessandpotentiallymoreregulationinourincreasinglydigitalworld.32．Accordingtothetext,howhavesocialmediaplatformschangedinthepasttenyears?A．Theyshowpostsinatime-basedorder.B．Theyprioritizepostsfromfriendsandfamily.C．Theymakeadjustmentstosatisfyusers’needs.D．Theyprovidemorecontenttomeetdifferentneeds.33．WhatdoesKyleChaykathinkofalgorithmicrecommendations?A．Theymakeusersmoreactiveconsumers.B．Theyshapeusers’preferencesandbehaviors.C．Theyreducetheinfluenceofcontentcreators.D．Theyexposeuserstodiverseandchallengingcontent.34．Howdoalgorithmsinfluencemusicians’workondigitalplatforms?A．Byencouragingmusicianstocreatelongersongs.B．Bydiscouragingmusiciansfromusingcatchyhooks.C．Bygivingmusiciansmorecontrolandchoiceovertheirmusic.D．Byrequiringmusicianstocreatetheirworktofittheplatforms.35．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A．Techcompaniesshouldhavemoredepartments.B．Socialmediaalgorithmsgivecontentcreatorslessopportunities.C．Socialmediaalgorithmsflattenourculturebymakingdecisionsforus.D．Networkplatformshaveincreasedthecommonrecommendationsfor10years.【答案】32．C33．B34．D35．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今社交媒体运用算法会根据用户的喜好进行相应的推送。32．细节理解题。根据第一段“Abouttenyearsago,loggingintoFacebook,Twitter,orInstagramwouldmostlyshowpostsfromfriendsandfamilyintheordertheywereposted.Today,theseplatformspresentamixofcontent,tailoredbyalgorithmstomatchusers’interests,whetherit’splants,sports,cats,orpolitics.”（大约十年前，登录Facebook、Twitter或Instagram，看到的大多是朋友和家人发布的帖子，顺序是先后的。如今，这些平台呈现的内容是多种多样的，通过算法进行定制，以匹配用户的兴趣，无论是植物、体育、猫还是政治）可知，社交媒体平台在过去的十年里会根据用户的需求进行调整。故选C项。33．细节理解题。根据第三段“Thisconstantstreamofrecommendationsreducesourexposuretodiverseorchallengingcontent,subtlyshapingourpreferencesandbehaviors.”（这种源源不断的推荐减少了我们接触多样化或具有挑战性的内容，微妙地塑造了我们的偏好和行为）可知，KyleChayka认为算法推荐塑造了用户的偏好和行为。故选B项。34．细节理解题。根据第四段“Moreover,Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsalsopressurecontentcreators,likemusiciansandartists,totailortheirworktofitthesedigitalplatforms.”（此外，Chayka还指出，算法还会迫使音乐家和艺术家等内容创作者调整自己的作品，以适应这些数字平台）可知，算法要求音乐家创作适合平台的作品。故选D项。35．推理判断题。通读全文且根据第三段“Thisconstantstreamofrecommendationsreducesourexposuretodiverseorchallengingcontent,subtlyshapingourpreferencesandbehaviors.”（这种源源不断的推荐减少了我们接触多样化或具有挑战性的内容，微妙地塑造了我们的偏好和行为）可知，文章主要介绍了社交媒体运用算法会根据用户的喜好进行相应的推送，但推送的内容因为缺乏挑战和多样性，进而使我们的文化更加扁平化。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Askanyonehowthey’refeelingthesedaysandchancesarethatthey’llreplywithsomeversionof“exhausted”.We’retiredofoperatingamiduncertainty.We’retiredofbalancingchildcarewithwork.36Theydirectourfocustothemostreadilyavailableinformationtohelpusmakedecisionsquicklywithoutproperlyconsideringallthevariables.Theresultisthatwearewiredtomovetowardthingsthatmakeusfeelgoodandawayfromthingsthatmakeusfeeluncomfortable.37Theydefault(默认)towhatfeels“normal”.Thosenetworksaresodeepinourthinkingthatwhenwe’retravelinganewandchallengingpath,ourwheelsdefaultbacktotheworn-ingrooves(凹槽).So,howdowedohardthingswhenourbrainsareconstantlytellingustoavoideffort?38A2016studyfoundthatwhenpeopleareupset,they’relesslikelytotrytodohardthings.Whenthey’refeelingupbeat,however,they’remorelikelytotakeonthehard-but-essentialtasksthatultimatelymakelifebetter.Onewaywecangetourselvesintherightmindsetistodowhat’scalled“reappraisal”,inwhichwecreateashiftinourbrainsofhowweperceiveatask.Moreover,wemustgiveourbrainstherightamountofautonomy.Whenwehaveachoice,ourbrainsoftenwanttoprogrammesomethingeasy.39Putitintoaworkcontext:DoIwanttoexperimentwithanewprojectmanagementtoolthatmightmakethingseasierformyteamnextweek,ordoIwanttostickwiththesamesheetthataformeremployeeestablishedthatnoneofusfeelgreataboutanyway?40Butbyunderstandingwhat’sgoingoninyourbrain,youcanworktowardaccomplishinghardthingsandmanageyourfearsbetter.A．Tacklethemwhenwe’reinagoodmood.B．Doingthingslikehardworkcanseemabnormal.C．Ourbrainslabeleffortasbadbecauseit’shardwork.D．Weshouldbecreativeandopen-mindedwhendoingtasks.E．Thisiscalledmindsetfault,thetendencytodorightthings.F．Whenwefeellikethis,ourbrainswanttosavementalenergy.G．Butwecanreducetheresponsebychallengingourselvestobeinnovative.【答案】36．F37．C38．A39．G40．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文从科学的角度分析了为什么人们有畏难情绪，并且给出了相应的解决措施。36．根据上文“Askanyonehowthey’refeelingthesedaysandchancesarethatthey’llreplywithsomeversionof“exhausted”.We’retiredofoperatingamiduncertainty.We’retiredofbalancingchildcarewithwork.(问任何人最近感觉如何，他们很可能会回答某种形式的“筋疲力尽”。我们厌倦了在不确定的情况下运作。我们厌倦了平衡照顾孩子和工作)”以及后文“Theydirectourfocustothemostreadilyavailableinformationtohelpusmakedecisionsquicklywithoutproperlyconsideringallthevariables.(它们将我们的注意力引导到最容易获得的信息上，以帮助我们快速做出决定，而无需适当地考虑所有变量)”可知，上文提到大脑有厌倦感，可推知本句承接上文，解释为什么会有这种感觉。故F选项“当我们有这种感觉时，我们的大脑想要保存精神能量”符合语境，故选F。37．根据后文“Theydefault(默认)towhatfeels“normal”.Thosenetworksaresodeepinourthinkingthatwhenwe’retravelinganewandchallengingpath,ourwheelsdefaultbacktotheworn-ingrooves(凹槽).So,howdowedohardthingswhenourbrainsareconstantlytellingustoavoideffort?(他们默认感觉“正常”。这些网络在我们的思维中如此之深，以至于当我们走在一条新的、充满挑战的道路上时，我们的车轮默认回到了磨损的凹槽。那么，当我们的大脑不断告诉我们要避免努力时，我们如何去做困难的事情呢？)”可知，后文提到大脑会告知我们避免努力，本句说明原因。故C选项“我们的大脑认为努力是不好的，因为它是辛苦的工作”符合语境，故选C。38．根据后文“A2016studyfoundthatwhenpeopleareupset,they’relesslikelytotryto